电路原理专业词汇表
Glossary of “Principles of Electric Circuits” Chapter 1 Elements and Laws of Electrical
Circuits
电路electrical circuit
电流current
电荷electric charge
电压voltage
电位potential
电位差potential difference
电动势electromotive force
功率power
能量energy
电阻resistor / resistance
电导conductor / conductance
电感inductor / inductance
电容capacitor / capacitance
欧姆定律Ohm’s Law
广义欧姆定律generalized Ohm’s Law 参考方向reference direction
电压极性voltage polarity
正极positive polarity
负极negative polarity
理想独立电压源
ideal independent voltage source
理想独立电流源
nby
ideal independent current source
理想受控源
ideal dependent / controlled source
压控电压源
voltage controlled voltage source(VCVS) 压控电流源
voltage controlled current source(VCCS) 流控电压源
current controlled voltage source(CCVS) 流控电流源
current controlled current source(CCCS) 节点node
支路branch
回路loop
基尔霍夫电流定律
Kirchhoff’s Current Law(KCL)
基尔霍夫电压定律
Kirchhoff’s V oltage Law(KVL)
闭合面clod boundary 集总参数lumped parameter
集总参数电路lumped circuit
集总参数元件lumped element
分布参数distributed parameter
分布参数电路distributed circuit
直流direct current(DC)
交流alternating current(AC)
有源器件active element
无源器件passive element
无损电路lossless circuit
Chapter 2 Analysis methods to simple resistor
circuits
串联ries connection
分压voltage division
并联parallel connection
分流current division
等效电阻equivalent resistance
Y-Δ变换 Wye-Delta transformation
入端电阻input resistance
Chapter 3 Methods of Analysis
支路电流法method of branch current
节点法Nodal Analysis
回路电流法loop current method
网孔电流法mesh current method
外网孔outer mesh
自导纳lf-admittance
互导纳mutual-admittance
矩阵matrix
行row
列column
参考节点reference node
平面电路planar circuit
方程equation
消去法elimination technique
克莱姆法则 Cramer’s rule
代入法substitution method
运算放大器operational amplifier(op amp)
同向输入端 noninverting input
反向输入端 inverting input
输出端output
等效电路模型equivalent circuit model 开环放大倍数open-loop gain
闭环放大倍数clod-loop gain
入端电阻input resistance
输出电阻output resistance
线性工作区 linear region
正向饱和区 positive saturation
反向饱和区 negative saturation
同向放大noninverting amplifier
反向放大inverting amplifier
加法器summing amplifier
积分器integrator
微分器differentiator
自激振荡lf-sustained oscillation
Chapter 4 Circuit Theorems
叠加原理superposition principle
输入/激励input / excitation
输出/响应output / respon
线性电路linear circuit
代数和algebraic sum
替代定理substitution principle
戴维南定理 Thevenin’s Theorem
诺顿定理Norton’s Theorem
二端网络two-terminal circuit
开路电压open-circuit voltage
短路电流short-circuit current
特勒根定理 Tellegen Theorem
功率平衡定理Power-balancing Theorem 互易定理reciprocal theorem
对偶原理principle of duality
对偶元件dual element
对偶图dual graph
Chapter 5 Nonlinear Circuit
非线性电路 nonlinear circuit
非线性元件 nonlinear element
压控电阻voltage-controlled resistor
流控电阻current-controlled resistor
静态电阻static resistance
动态电阻dynamic resistance
小信号分析 small-signal analysis
小信号模型 small-signal modal
分段线性化法piece-wi linear mthod 数值解法numerical analysis Chapter 6 First-order Circuit
一阶电路first-order circuit
一阶微分方程first-order differential equation 过渡过程transient process
线性时不变电路linear time-invariable circuit
单位阶跃函数unit step function
单位脉冲函数unit pul function
单位斜坡函数unit ramp function
起始条件initial condition
起始值initial value
零输入响应 zero-input respon
零状态响应 zero-state respon
稳态响应steady-state respon
暂态响应transient respon
时间常数time constant
指数函数exponential function
阶跃响应step respon
冲激响应impul respon
自由响应natural respon
强迫响应forced respon
全响应complete respon
稳态值final value
卷积积分convolution integration
时域延迟time delay
换路switching
跳变现象jump phenomenon
脉冲持续时间pul duration
脉冲重复周期repeating period of pul
Chapter 7 Second-order Circuit
二阶电路cond-order circuit
齐次微分方程
homogeneous differential equation维语
常系数微分方程
constant coefficients equation
特征方程characteristic equation
特征根characteristic root
特征值eigenvalue
特征向量eigenvector
特解particular solution
通解general solution
自然频率natural frequency
衰减系数damping factor
谐振角频率resonant frequency / undamped
natural frequency
过阻尼情况 overdamped ca
欠阻尼情况 underdamped ca
临界情况critically damped ca
固有振荡角频率damping frequency / damped
natural frequency
衰减振荡damped oscillation
无损lossless
正弦响应sinusoidal respon
波形waveform
实数real
复数complex
衰减attenuation
Chapter 8 Sinusoidal Steady-State Analysis
heroic couplet
幅值amplitude / magnitude
相位pha
相位差pha difference
角频率angular frequency
花痕周期period
频率cyclic frequency
正弦sinusoidal
余弦cosine
初相角initial pha angle
瞬时值instantaneous value
最大值maximum
有效值 effective
value
root-mean-square value
u 领先 i φu leads i by φ
u 落后 i φu lags i by φ
同相in pha
反相opposite in pha
实部real part
公司名称翻译
虚部imaginary part
直角坐标形式rectangular form
极坐标形式 polar form
指数形式exponential form
相量phasor
参考相量reference phasor
电压三角形 voltage triangle
瞬时功率instantaneous power
平均功率average power
阻抗impedance
导纳admittance
电抗reactance
电纳susceptance
感性inductive
容性capacitive 正弦稳态响应
sinusoidal steady-state respon
时域time-domain
相量域phasor-domain
视在功率apparent power
功率因数power factor (pf)
复功率complex power
功率三角形 power triangle
复共轭complex conjugate
有功功率active power
无功功率reactive power
最大功率传输定理
Maximum Power Transfer Theorem
功率守恒定理account for
Theorem of conrvation of power
阻抗匹配impedance matching
共轭匹配conjugate matching
Chapter 9 Magnetically Coupled Circuits
耦合couple
互感mutual inductance
自感lf-inductance
磁通magnetic flux
互感电压mutual / induced voltage
线圈coil
铁心线圈coil with iron core
匝数turn
耦合系数coupling coefficient
变压器transformer
空心变压器 air-core transformer
原边primary coils / windings
副边condary coils / windings
引入阻抗reflected impendence
理想变压器 ideal transformer
公共英语等级考试网全耦合变压器unity-coupled transformer
变比turns ratio / transformation ratio
自耦合变压器auto-transformer
多绕组变压器multiple-winding transformer 右螺旋定则right-handed screw rule
同名端dotted terminal
terminals of same magnetic polarity 漏感leakage inductance
Chapter 10 Resonance
串联谐振ries resonance
并联谐振parallel resonance
谐振频率resonant frequency
特性阻抗characteristic impedance
品质因数quality factor
频率响应frequency respon
选择性lectivity
选频特性frequency-lection characteristic
Chapter 11 Frequency Respon
复频率complex frequency
网络函数network function
转移函数transfer function
多项式polynomial
极点pole
零点zero
波特图Bode plotjame
分贝decibel
增益gain
对数logarithm
半对数milog
转折频率corner / break frequency
截止频率cut-off frequency
带宽bandwidth
无源滤波器 passive filter
有源滤波器 active filter
低通滤波器 low-pass filter
高通滤波器 high-pass filter
带通滤波器 band-pass filter
带阻滤波器band-stop / band-reject / notch filter
Chapter 12 Three-pha Circuits
对称三相电源balanced three-pha sources 对称三相电路
symmetrical three-pha circuit
中线neutral line
中性点neutral point
三相四线制three-pha four-wire system
相电压pha voltage
线电压line voltage
相序pha quence
正序positive / abc quence
负序negative / acb quence
相电流pha current
线电流line current Chapter 13 Steady-State Respon of Periodic
Excitation
周期性非正弦激励
nonsinusoidal periodic excitation
三角形式的付里叶级数
trigonometric Fourier ries
指数形式的付里叶级数
exponential Fourier ries
付里叶系数 Fourier coefficient
基波fundamental harmonic
华夏希望a基波频率fundamental frequency
谐波harmonic wave
高次谐波higher harmonic
频谱frequency spectrum
谱线spectrum line
线状频谱line spectrum
奇次odd
偶次even
奇对称odd symmetry
偶对称even symmetry
半波对称half-wave symmetry
帕斯瓦尔定理Parval’s theorem
Chapter 14 Fourier Transformation and
Laplace Transformation
付里叶变换 Fourier transformation
拉普拉斯变换Laplace transformation
原函数original function
象函数transform function
积分变换integral transformation
频域frequency domain
幅度谱amplitude spectrum
相位谱pha spectrum
矩形脉冲rectangular pul
线性性质linearity
时域微分time differentiation
时域积分time integration
时域平移time shift
频域平移frequency shift
拉普拉斯反变换inver Laplace transformation 拉普拉斯变换对 Laplace pairs
Chapter 15 Two-port Networks
端口port
二端口网络 two-port network
四端网络four-terminal network / quadripole Z参数impedance parameters
Y参数admittance parameters
H参数Hybrid parameters
T参数Transmission parameters
策动点driving point
(二端口)级联cascade connection
传播常数transmission constant
Chapter 16 Basis of Network Graph Theory 图graph
拓扑图topological graph
子图subgraph
连通图connected graph
有向图oriented graph
树tree
树支tree branch
连支link
割集cut t
降阶关联矩阵reduced incidence matrix
增广矩阵augmented matrix
秩rank
基本回路矩阵
fundamental loop matrix
基本割集矩阵
fundamental cut t matrix
单位阵unit matrix
转置阵transpod matrix
正定矩阵positive definite matrix
非奇异矩阵 nonsingular matrix
逆矩阵inver matrix
方阵square matrix
零矩阵zero matrix
行列式determinant
Chapter 17 State Variables Approach
状态变量state variable
状态方程state equation
状态空间state space
列向量column vector
特征值characteristic value
特征向量characteristic vector
特征方程characteristic equation 相似矩阵similar matrix
Chapter 18 Nonlinear Dynamic Circuits
非线性时变电路
nonlinear time-varying circuit
自治电路
非自治电路
前向欧拉法forward Eular’s method
后向欧拉法backward Eular’s method
相平面
状态平面state planar
相轨线
中心点
焦点
节点
鞍点
平衡点noble什么意思
稳定性stability
渐近稳定asymptotic stability
Chapter 19 Distributed Circuits
分布参数电路distributed circuit
传输线transmission line
均匀传输线uniform transmission line 反射 reflection
透射 transmission
波长 wave
length
波速 wave
speed
行波traveling wave
驻波standing wave
正向行波direct wave
反向行波returning wave
波阻抗wave impedance
波前wave front
传播常数propagation constant
Appendix Magnetic Circuit
磁路magnetic circuit
铁磁物质ferromagnetic substance
磁导率magnetic permeability
磁感应强度 magnetic induction
磁通magnetic flux
磁链magnetic linkage
磁通势magnetomotive force
磁通密度magnetic flux density
