关于长城英文导游词5篇
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The Great Wall， like the Pyramids of Egypt， the Taj Mahal in India and the Hanging Garden of Babylon， is one of the great wonders of the world。 Starting out in the east on the banks of the Yalu River in Liaoning Province， the Wall stretches westwards for12，700 kilometers to Jiayuguan in the Gobi dert， thus known as the Ten Thousand Li Wall in China。 The Wall climbs up and down， twists and turns along the ridges of the Yanshan and Yinshan Mountain Chains through five provinces-Liaoning， Hebei， Shanxi， Shaanxi， and Gansu--and two autonomous regions--Ningxia and Inner Mongolia， binding the northern China together。
Historical records trace the construction of the origin of the Wall to defensive fortification back to the year656。 during the reign of King Cheng of the States of Chu。 Its constructio
n continued throughout the Warring States period in the fifth Century 。 when ducal states Yan， Zhao， Wei， and Qin were frequently plundered by the nomadic peoples living north of the Yinshan and Yanshan mountain ranges。 Walls， then， were built parately by the ducal states to ward off such harassments。 Later in221。， when Qin conquered the other states and unified China， Emperor Qinshihuang ordered the connection of the individual walls and further extensions to form the basis of the prent great wall。 As a matter of fact， a parate outer wall was constructed north of the Yinshan range in the Han Dynasty(206BC--1644BC。)， which went to ruin through years of neglect。 In the many intervening centuries， succeeding dynasties rebuilt parts of the Wall。 The most extensive reinforcements and renovations were ca
卖东西的技巧 rried out in the Ming Dynasty (1368--1644) when altogether18lengthy stretches were reinforced with bricks and rocks。 it is mostly the Ming Dynasty Wall that visitors e today。 The Great Wall is divided into two ctions， the east and west， with Shanxi Province as the dividing line。 The west part is a rammed earth construction， about meters high on average。 In the eastern part， the core of the Wall is rammed earth as w
ell， but the outer shell is reinforced with bricks and rocks。 The most imposing and best prerved ctions of the Great Wall are at Badaling and Mutianyu， not far from Beijing and both are open to visitors。 The Wall of tho ctions is meters high and meters wide at its ba， narrowing to meters on the ramparts， wide enough for five hors to gallop abreast。 There are ramparts， embrasures， peep-holes and apertures for archers on the top， besides gutters with gargoyles to drain rain-water off the parapet walk。 Two-storied watch-towers are built at approximately400-meters inte
加州大学欧文分校 rnals。 The top stories of the watch-tower were designed for obrving enemy movements， while the first was ud for storing grain， fodder， military equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering garrison soldiers。 The highest watch-tower at Badaling standing on a hill-top， is reached only after a steep climb， like "climbing a ladder to heaven"。 The view from the top is rewarding， hoverer。 The Wall follows the contour of mountains that ri one behind the other until they finally fade and merge with distant haze。 A signal system formerly existed that rved to municate military information to the dynastic capital。 This consisted of beacon towers on the Wall itlf an
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懒人之歌d on mountain tops within sight of the Wall。 At the approach of enemy troops， smoke signals gave the alarm from the beacon towers in the daytime and bonfire did this at night。
so Emergency signals could be relayed to the capital from distant places within a few hour long before the invention of anything like modern munications。 There stand14major pass (Guan， in Chine) at places of strategic importance along the Great Wall， the most important being Shanghaiguan and Jiayuguan。 Yet the most impressive one is Juyongguan， about50 kilometers northwest of Beijing。 Known as "Tian Xia Di YI Guan" (The First Pass Under Heaven)， Shanghaiguan Pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north China with the northeast。 It had been， therefore， a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here。 It was the gate of Shanghaiguan that the Ming general Wu Sangui opened to the Manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng and so surrendered the whole Ming empire to the Manchus， leading to the foundation of the Qing Dynasty。 (1644-1911) Jiayuguan Pass was not so much as the "Strategic pass Un
tdbder the Heaven" as an i
whichever mportant munication center in Chine history。 Cleft between the snow-capped Qilian Mountains and the rolling Mazong Mountains， it was on the ancient Silk Road。 Zhang Qian， the first envoy of Emperor Wu Di of the Western Han dynasty (206-24)， crosd it on his journey to the western regions。 Later， silk flowed to the west through this pass too。 The gate-tower of Jiayuguan is an attractive building of excellent workmanship。 It has an inner city and an outer city， the former square in shape and surrounded by a wall meters high and730 meters in circumference。 It has two gates， an eastern one and a western one。 On each gate sits a tower facing each other。 the four corners of the wall are occupied by four watch towers， one for each。 Juyongguan， a gateway to ancient Beijing from Inner Mongolia， was built in a15-kilometer long ravine flanked by mountains。 The cavalrymen of Genghis Khan swept through it in the13th century。 At the center of the pass is a white marble platform named the Cloud terrac
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