PARADISE LOST ~ MILTON'S SUMMARY
In 1667 John Milton bestowed (some overtaxed students might say 'inflicted') his great masterpiece, Paradi Lost, upon the world. In 1674 the revid cond edition was published, where he divided the original ten books into twelve and added the following introductory summaries or "Arguments" for each book at the request of confud early readers.
BOOK I
This first book propos, first in brief, the whole subject: man's disobedience and the loss thereupon of Paradi wherein he was placed; then touches the prime cau of his fall, the rpent, or rather Satan in the rpent, who, revolting from God and drawing to his side many legions of angels, was by the command of God driven out of heaven with all his crew into the great deep. Which action past over, the poem hasts into the midst of things, prenting Satan with his angels now fallen into hell--described here, not in the center (for heaven and earth may be suppod as yet not made, certainly not yet accurd) but in a pl
ace of utter darkness, fitliest called chaos. Here Satan with his angels lying on the burning Lake, thunder-struck and astonished, after a certain space recovers, as from confusion; calls up him who, next in order and dignity, lay by him; they confer of thir mirable fall. Satan awakens all his legions, who lay till then in the same manner confounded. They ri; their numbers, array of battle, their chief leaders named, according to the idols known afterwards in Canaan and the countries adjoining. To the Satan directs his speech, comforts them with hope yet of regaining heaven, but tells them lastly of a new world and new kind of creature to be created, according to an ancient prophesy or report in heaven; for that angels were long before this visible creation, was the opinion of many ancient fathers. To find out the truth of this prophesy, and what to determine thereon, he refers to a full council; what his associates thence attempt. Pandemonium, the palace of Satan, ris, suddenly built out of the deep; the infernal peers there sit in counsil.
closure
BOOK II
The consultation begun, Satan debates whether another battle is to be hazarded for the recovery of heaven; some advi it, others dissuade. A third proposal is preferred, mentioned before by Satan, to arch the truth of that prophesy or tradition in heaven concerning another world, and another kind of creature, equal or not much inferior to themlves, about this time to be created. Their doubt who shall be nt on this difficult arch; Satan, their chief, undertakes alone the voyage; is honored and applauded. The council thus ended, the rest betake them veral wayes and to veral employments, as their inclinations lead them, to entertain the time till Satan return. He pass on his journey to hell gates, finds them shut, and who sat there to guard them 1 ; by whom at length they are opened, and discover to him the great gulf between hell and heaven; with what difficulty he pass through, directed by chaos, the power of that place, to the sight of this new world which he sought.
BOOK III
God, sitting on his throne, es Satan flying towards this world, then newly created; show韩国流行歌曲排行榜
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s him to the Son, who sat at his right hand; foretells the success of Satan in perverting mankind; clears his own justice and wisdom from all imputation, having created man free and able enough to have withstood his tempter; yet declares his purpo of grace towards him, in regard he fell not of his own malice, as did Satan, but by him duced. The Son of God renders prais to his Father for the manifestation of his gracious purpo towards man; but God again declares, that grace cannot be extended towards man without the satisfaction of divine justice; man hath offended the majesty of God by aspiring to godhead, and therefore with all his progeny devoted to death must die, unless someone can be found sufficient to answer for his offence and undergo his punishment. The Son of God freely offers himlf a ransom for man; the Father accepts him, ordains his incarnation, pronounces his exaltation above all names in heaven and earth; commands all the angels to adore him; they obey, and hymning to their harps in full choir, celebrate the Father and the Son. Meanwhile Satan alights upon the bare convex of this world's outermost orb, where wandering, he first finds a place since called the Limbo of Vanity; what persons and things fly up thither; thence comes to the gate of heaven, descri
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anti是什么意思bed ascending by stairs, and the waters above the firmament that flow about it. His passage thence to the orb of the sun, he finds there Uriel the regent of that orb, but first changes himlf into the shape of a meaner angel, and pretending a zealous desire to behold the new creation and man whom God had placed here, inquires of him the place of his habitation, and is directed; alights first on Mount Niphates.
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BOOK IV
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Satan now in prospect of Eden, and nigh the place where he must now attempt the bold enterpri which he undertook alone against God and man, falls into many doubts with himlf, and many passions, fear, envy, and despair; but at length confirms himlf in evil, journeys on to Paradi, who outward prospect and situation is described, overleaps the bounds, sits in the shape of a cormormant on the Tree of Life, as highest in the garden, to look about him. The garden described; Satan's first sight of Adam and Eve; his wonder at their excellent form and happy state, but with resolution to work their fall; overhears their discour, thence gathers that the Tree of Knowledge was forbidden the
m to eat of under penalty of death; and thereon intends to found his temptation by ducing them to transgress; then leaves them a while, to know further of their state by some other means. Meanwhile Uriel, descending on a sunbeam, warns Gabriel, who had in charge the gate of Paradi, that some evil spirit had escaped the deep and pasd at noon by his sphere in the shape of a good angel, down to Paradi, discovered after by his furious gestures in the mount. Gabriel promis to find him out ere morning. Night coming on, Adam and Eve discour of going to thir rest; their bower described; their evening worship. Gabriel drawing forth his bands of night-watch to walk the round of Paradi, appoints two strong angels to Adam's bower, lest the evil spirit should be there doing some harm to Adam or Eve sleeping. There they find him at the ear of Eve, tempting her in a dream, and bring him, though unwilling, to Gabriel; by whom questioned, he scornfully answers, prepares resistance, but hindered by a sign from Heaven, flies out of Paradi.
BOOK V
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Morning approached, Eve relates to Adam her troublesome dream. He likes it not, yet comforts her. They come forth to their day labors; their morning hymn at the door of their bower. God, to render man inexcusable, nds Raphael to admonish him of his obedience, of his free estate, of his enemy near at hand--who he is, and why his enemy, and whatever el may avail Adam to know. Raphael comes down to Paradi; his appearance described; his coming discerned by Adam afar off, sitting at the door of his bower. He goes out to meet him, brings him to his lodge, entertains him with the choicest fruits of Paradi got together by Eve; their discour at table. Raphael performs his message, minds Adam of his state and of his enemy; relates, at Adam's request, who that enemy is, and how he came to be so, beginning from his first revolt in heaven, and the occasion thereof; how he drew his legions after him to the parts of the north, and there incited them to rebel with him, persuading all but only Abdiel, a raph, who in argument dissuades and oppos him, then forsakes him.
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