longtou英国文学史资料British Writers and Works
一.Anglo-Saxon period
<Beowulf>贝奥武夫:thenational epic of the Anglo-Saxons
Epic: long narrative poems that record the adventures or heroic deeds of a hero enacted in vast landscapes. The style of epic is grand and elevated. (主题严肃，语言庄重)
e.g. Homer’s Iliad and Odysy
Artistic features:
1.Using alliteration(押头韵)（该文最大修辞特点，每行第一个词辅音韵）
Definition of alliteration: a rhetorical device, meaning some words in a ntence begin with the same consonant sound（辅音）
2.Using metaphor（暗喻，隐喻） and understatement
Definition of understatement: expressing something in a controlled way Understatement is a typical way for Englishmen to express their ideas
二.The Middle Ages （Medieval Ages）
Geoffery Chaucer杰弗里•乔叟1340(?)~1400
(首创“双韵体”，英国文学史上首先用伦敦方言写作。约翰·德莱顿（John Dryden）称其为
“英国诗歌之父deputy”The father of English poetry.
first time to u ‘heroic couplet’(英雄双韵体) by middle English
代表作《坎特伯雷故事集》《The Canterbury tales》。
It is ____alone who, for the first time in English literature, prented to us a comprehensive (综合的，广泛的)realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life. ( A )
A. Geoffrey Chaucer B. MatinLuther C. William Langland D. John Gower
writing style: wisdom, humor, humanity.
<The Canterbury Tales辞职信英文>quitter坎特伯雷故事集：
first time to u ‘heroic couplet’(英雄双韵体) by middle English
<Troilus and Criyde>特罗伊拉斯和克莱希德
③<The Houof Fame>声誉之宫
Medieval Ages’ popular Literary form: Romance(传奇故事)
Famous three：King Arthur
Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
Beowulf
三.The Renaissance Period key word: humanism
(Bacon, Shakespeare, Marlowe)
A period of drama and poetry. The Elizabethan drama is the real mainstream of the English Renaissance.
Renaissance: the activity, spirit, or time of the great revival of art, literature, and learning in Europe beginning in the 14th century and extending to the 17th century, marking the transition from the medieval to the modern world.
Three historical events of the Renaissance – rebirth or revival:
1.new discoveries in geography and astrology(占星术/学、星座)
2.the religious reformation and economic expansion
3.rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture
The most famous dramatists:
Christopher Marlowe
William Shakespeare
Ben Johnson.
1 FrancisBacon弗兰西斯•培根1561~1626（散文之父）
The first English essayist.
（哲学家、散文家；在论述探究知识的著作中提出了知识就是力量这一著名论断；近代唯物主义哲学的奠基人和近代实验科学的先驱。）
Philosopher, scientist, lay the foundation for modern science. The first English essayist.
Writing style:brevity, compactness&powerfulness, well-arranging and enriching by Biblical allusions, metaphors and philosophy to mansibyl是女巫’s reason.
箱子的英文<TheAdvancement of Learning>学术的推进
<Essays>随笔(famous quotas: <Of studies>)
The theme of Of Studies: us and benefits of study and different ways adopted by different people to pursue studies.
2 ChristopherMarlowe柯里斯托弗•马洛1564~1595
“University Wits”(大学才子派), the pioneer of English drama（完善了无韵体诗。）
Blank ver: written in unrhymed iambic pentameter.（不押韵的抑扬格五音步）
Marlowe gave new vigor to ____ with his “mighty lines”( D )
A. the Petrarchan sonnet B. stina
C. terzarima D. blank ver
<The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus>浮士德博士的悲剧（根据德国民间故事书写成）
<Tamburlaine>帖木耳大帝
③<The Jew ofMalta>马耳他的犹太人
3William Shakespeare威廉•莎士比亚1564~1616
Historical plays:Henry VI ; Henry IV : Richard III ; Henry V；Richard II；Henry VIII
Four Comedies: <As You Like It>皆大欢喜;
<Twelfth Night>第十二夜;
<A Midsummer Night’S Dream>仲夏夜之梦;
<Merchant Of Venice>威尼斯商人
③Four Tragedies:<Hamlet>哈姆莱特;
<Othello>奥赛罗;
<King Lear>李尔王;
<Macbeth>麦克白
lamb④Shakespeare Sonnet :154<The Sonnets>
Three quatrain and one couplet, ababcdcdefefgg
A sonnet is a lyric consisting of 14 lines, usually in iambic pentameter restricted to a definition rhyme scheme.
4. Ben Jonson
<Comedy of Humours>
<Volpone, or the fox>狐狸
5Edmund Spenr埃德蒙•斯宾塞1552~1599
（后人称之为“诗人的诗人”。）The poets’ poet.The first to be buried in the Poet’s corner of Westerminster Abbey
凯蒂 佩里Which of the following statements is not the reason for that Edmund Spenr is famous for “the poet’s poet”? ( B )
ate fresh food什么意思A. Spenr’s idealism B. his struggle for criteria
C. his love of beauty D. his exquisite melody
