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魔法灰姑娘 电影 A recent study has provided clues to predator-prey dynamics in the late Pleistocene era. Rearchers compared the number of tooth fractures in prent-day carnivores with tooth fractures in carnivores that lived 36,000 to 10,000 years ago and that were prerved in the Rancho La Brea tar pits in Los Angeles. The breakage frequencies in the extinct species were strikingly higher than tho in the prent-day species.
英语六级分数分配 In considering possible explanations for this finding, the rearchers dismisd demographic bias becau older individuals were not overreprented in the fossil samples. They rejected prervational bias becau a total abnce of breakage in two extinct species demonstrated that the fractures were not the result of abrasion within the pits. They ruled out local bias becau breakage data obtained from other Pleistocene sites were similar to the La Brea data. The explanation they consider most plausible is behavioral differences between extinct and prent-day carnivores—in particular, more cont
act between the teeth of predators and the bones of prey due to more thorough consumption of carcass by the extinct species.
pti Such thorough carcass consumption implies to the rearchers either that prey availability was low, at least asonally, or that there was inten competition over kills and a high rate of carcass theft due to relatively high predator densities.
1、The primary purpo of the passage is to
A、prent veral explanations for a well-known fact
B、suggest alternative methods for resolving a debate
C、argue in favor of a controversial theory
D、question the methodology ud in a study
E、discuss the implications of a rearch finding
resident是什么意思
正确答案 E
2、According to the passage, compared with Pleistocene carnivores in other areas, Pleistocene carnivores in the La Brea area
A、included the same species, in approximately the same proportions
B、had a similar frequency of tooth fractures
C、populated the La Brea area more denly
D、consumed their prey more thoroughly
E、found it harder to obtain sufficient prey
正确答案 B
3、According to the passage, the rearchers believe that the high frequency of tooth breakage in carnivores found at La Brea was caud primarily by
A、the aging process in individual carnivores
B、contact between the fossils in the pits火烈鸟的英文
C、poor prervation of the fossils after they were removed from the pits
D、the impact of carnivores’ teeth against the bones of their prey
E、the impact of carnivores’ teeth against the bones of other carnivores during fights over kills
正确答案 D
afflict
4、The rearchers’ conclusion concerning the abnce of demographic bias would be most riously undermined if it were found that
A、the older an individual carnivore is, the more likely it is to have a large number of tooth fractures
B、the average age at death of a prent-day carnivore is greater than was the average age at death of a Pleistocene carnivore
end of the line
C、in Pleistocene carnivore species, older individuals consumed carcass as thoroughly as did younger individuals
D、the methods ud to determine animals’ ages in fossil samples tend to misidentify many older individuals as younger individuals
E、data concerning the ages of fossil samples cannot provide reliable information about behavioral differences between extinct carnivores and prent-day carnivores
正确答案 D
5、According to the passage, if the rearchers had NOT found that two extinct carnivore species were free of tooth breakage, the rearchers would have concluded that
A、the difference in breakage frequencies could have been the result of damage to the fossil remains in the La Brea pits
kristal
B、the fossils in other Pleistocene sites could have higher breakage frequencies than do the fossils in the La Brea pits
C、Pleistocene carnivore species probably behaved very similarly to one another with respect to consumption of carcass
D、all Pleistocene carnivore species differed behaviorally from prent-day carnivore species
E、predator densities during the Pleistocene era were extremely high
学法语
正确答案 A
6、The passage suggests that if the rearchers had not found that two extinct carnivore species were free of tooth breakage, the rearchers would have concluded thatmoisture
A、the difference in breakage frequencies could have been the result of damage to the fossile remains in the La Brea pits
B、the fossils in other Pleistocene sites could have higher breakage frequencies than do the fossils in the La Brea pits
