2016考研英语作文真题及答案
Section 1 U of English
Directious:
Read the following text. Choo the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)
In Cambodia, the choice of a sou is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, 1 tho of the young woman, but also a matchmaker.A young man 2 a likely spou on his own and then ask his parents to 3 the marriage negotiations, or the young man’s parents may make the choice of a spou, giving the child little to say in the lection. 4 , a girl may veto the spou her parents have chon. 5 a spou has been lected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying 6 a good family.
The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, 7 by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short rmon and 8 prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, 9 cotton threads soa
ked in holy water around the bride’s and groom’s wrists, and 10 a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the 11 . Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife’s parents and may 12 with them up to a year, 13 they can build a new hou nearby.
Divorce is legal and easy to 14 , but not common. Divorces persons are 15 with some disapproval. Each spou retains 16 property he or she Divorced persons may.
1、【A】by way of 【B】with regard to 【C】on behalf of 【D】as well as
2、【A】decide on 【B】provide for 【C】compete with 【D】adapt to
3、【A】clo 【B】 arrange 【C】renew 【D】postpone
4、【A】In theory 【B】 Above all 【C】In time 【D】For example
5、【A】Unless 【B】 Lest 【C】After 【D】Although
6、【A】into 【B】 within 【C】from 【D】through
7、【A】or 【B】since 【C】but 【D】so
8、【A】 test 【B】copy 【C】recite 【D】create
9、【A】folding 【B】piling 【C】wrapping 【D】tying
10、【A】passing 【B】lighting 【C】hiding 【D】rving
11、【A】association 【B】meeting 【C】collection 【D】union
12、【A】deal 【B】part 【C】grow 【D】live
13、【A】whereas 【B】until 【C】for 【D】if
14、【A】avoid 【B】follow 【C】challenge 【D】obtain
15、【A】isolated 【B】persuaded 【C】viewed 【D】expod
16、【A】wherever 【B】whatever 【C】whenever 【D】however
17、【A】changed 【B】brought 【C】shaped 【D】pushed
18、【A】invested 【B】divided 【C】donated 【D】withdrawn
19、【A】warms 【B】clears 【C】shows 【D】breaks
20、【A】while 【B】so that 【C】once 【D】in that
Text1
France，which prides itlf as the global innovator of fashion , has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-th
in models on runways . The parliament also agreed to ban websites that “incite excessive thinness” by promoting extreme dieting.
Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health. That’s a start And the ban on ultra-thin models ems to go beyond protecting models from starving themlves to death –as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it nds women , especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must u to determine their individual worth.
The bans ,if fully enforced, would suggest to women (and many men) that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques.
The French measures, however, rely too much on vere punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a govemment(?)clothes什么意思-defined index of body mass could res
ult in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.
The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to t voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.
In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models. The newly revid Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states: ”We aware of and take responsibility for the impact the ideals, especially on young people”. The charter’s main tool of enforcement is (CFW), which is run by the Danish
21、 According to the first paragraph，what would happen in France?
【A】Physical beauty would be redefined.
【B】New runways would be constructed.
【C】Websites about dieting would thrive.
【D】The fashion industry would decline.
22、 The phra “impinging on”(Line 2，Para.2) is clost in meaning to
【A】heightening the value of.
【B】indicating the state of.
【C】losing faith in.
【D】doing harm to.
23、 Which of the following is true od the fashion industry?
【A】The French measures have already failed.
【B】New standards are being t in Denmark.
【C】Models are no longer under peer pressure.
【D】Its inherent problems are getting wor.
24、A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for
【A】tting a high age threshold for models.
【B】caring too much about models’ character.
【C】showing little concern for health factors.
【D】pursuing perfect physical conditions.
25、Which of the following may be the best title of the text?
【A】The Great Threats to the Fashion Industry.
【B】Just Another Round of Struggle for Beauty.
【C】A Dilemma for the Starving Models in France.
【D】A Challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body Ideals.
Text 2
哥伦布新大陆 For the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country, In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate” the countryside” alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) at what makes them proudest of their country，this has limited political support.
A century ago Octavia Hill Launched the national trust not to rescue stylish hous but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever” It was specifically to provide city dwellers with space for leisure where they could experience“ a refreshing air .”Hill is pressure later led to creation of national parks and green belts. They don’t make countryside any more，and every year concrete consumes more of it . it needs constant
guardianship.
At the next election none of the big parties em likely to endor this ntiment. The conrvatives planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conrvation，even authoring “off-plan” building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labor likewi wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppo development. The liberal democrats are silent. Only ukip, nsing its chance, has sided with tho pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. its Campaign to protect rural England struck terror into many local conrvative parties.
The nsible place to build new hous，factories and offices is where people are，in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents stirling ackroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million hous in the London area alone，with no intrusion on green belt.what is true of London is even truer of the provinces.
The idea that”housing crisis ”equals “concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more hous but,as always，where to put them. Under lobby pressure，
George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favors out-of-town, shopping sites against high streets . this is not a free market but a biad one. Rural town and villages have grown and will
26 Britain is public ntiment about the countryside
A has brought much benefit to the NHS
B didn’t start till the Shakespearean age
C is fully backed by the royal family
D is not well reflected in politics
27 According to Paragraph 2，the achievements of the National Trust are now being
A gradually destroyed
B effectively reinforced
C properly protected
D largely overshadowed
28 which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3?
A Ukip may gain from its support for rural conrvation
B the conrvatives may abandon ”off -plan“building
C the liberal democrats are losing political influence
D labor is under attack for opposing development
29 the author holds that George Osborne is preference
A reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas
B shows his disregard for character of rural areas
C stress the necessity of easing the housing crisis
D highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure
30 in the last paragraph，the author shows his appreciation of
A the size of population in Britain
B the enviable urban lifestyle in Britainexec
C the town-and-country planning in Britain
D the political life in today is Britain【page】
Text 3
“There is one and only one social responsibility of business,” Wrote Milton Friedman,
a Nobel prize-winning economist, “That is, to u its resources and engage in activities designed to increa its profit”. But even if you accept Firedman’s premi and regard corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies as waste of shareholders’ money, things may not be absolutely clear-cut. New rearch suggest the CSR may create monetary value for companies-at least when they are procuted for corruption.
The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on CSR,according to an estimate by EPG, a consulting firm.This could add value to their business in three ways. First, consumers may take CSR spending as a “signal” that a company’s products are of high quality. Second, customers may be willing to buy a company’s products as an indirect way to donate to the good caus it helps.And third, through a more diffu “halo effect,” whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.
Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating the effects becau consumers can be affected by all three. A recent study attempts to parate them by looking at bribery procutions under America’s Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA). It
argues that since procutors do not consume a company’s products as part of their investigations, they could be influenced only by the halo effect.
The study found that, among procuted firms, tho with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient penalties. Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firms’ political influence, rather than their CSR stand, that accounted for the leniency: Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.
In all, the study concludes that whereas procutors should only evaluate a ca bad on its merits, they do em to be influenced by a company’s record in CSR. “We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern, such as child labour, or increasing corporate giving by about 20% results in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for briding foreign officials,” says one rearcher.
Rearchers admit that their study does not answer the question of how much business ought to spend on CSR. Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect, rather than the other possible benefits, when they decide their do-good
ing policies. But at least they have demonstrated that when companies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win them a less costly punishment.
31、The author views Milton Friedman’s statement about CSR with
【A】 tolerance
【B】 skepticism
【C】 uncertainty
【D】 approval
32、According to Paragraph 2, CSR helps a company by
【A】 winning trust from consumers.
【B】 guarding it against malpractices.
【C】 protecting it from being defamed.
【D】 raising the quality of its products.
33、The expression “more lenient” (Line 2, Para. 4) is clost in meaning to
【A】 more effective
【B】 less controversial
【C】 less vere
【D】 more lasting
34、When procutors evaluate a ca, a company’s CSR record
【A】 has an impact on their decision.
【B】 comes across as reliable evidence.
【C】 increas the chance of being penalized.
【D】 constitutes part of the investigation.
35、Which of the following is true of CSR, according to the last paragraph?
【A】 Its negative effects on business are often overlooked.
【B】 The necessary amount of companies’ spending on it is unknown.
【C】 Companies’ financial capacity for it has been overestimated.
【D】 It has brought much benefit to the banking industry.
Text 4
There will eventurally come a day when The New York Times ceas to publish stories on newsprint .Exactlly when that day will be is a matter of debate.”Sometime in the future
”,the paper’s publisher said back in 2010、
Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside, there’s plenty of incentive toditch print. The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper—printing press ,delivery trucks-isn’t just expensive ;it’s excessive at a time when online-only competitors don’t have the same t of financial constraints.Readers are migrating away from print away .And though print ad sales still dwarf thire online and mobile counterparts,revenue from print is still declining.
Over way be high and circulation lower ,but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake ,say BuzzFeed CEO Joah Peretti.
Pereti says the Time should’t waste time getting out of the print business,
But only if they go about it the right way .”Fighting out of a way to accelerate that transition would make n of them,”he said,“but if you discontinue it“you’re going to have your most loyal customers really upt with you.”
Sometimes,that’s worth making a change anyway.Peretti gives the example en as a blunder,”he said.“The move turned out to be foresighted.Ane if peretti would rale prices a
nd make it into more of a legacy product.”
The most loyal customers would still get the product they favor,the idea goes,and they’d feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in ,”So if you’re overpaying for print,you could feel like you were helping,”Perettisaid “Then increa it at a higher rate each year and esntially try to generate additional revenue.”In other words,if you’re going to make a print product ,make it for the people who are already obsd with it .which way be what the time is doing already .Getting the print edition ven days a week costs each –a year-more than twice as much as a digital-only subscription.
36、The New York Times is considering ending its print edition partly due to
【A】the pressure from its investors.
【B】the complaints from its readers.
【C】the high cost of operation.
【D】the increating online ad sales.
37、Peretti suggests that,in face of the prent situation,the Times should
【A】make strategic adjustments
【B】end the print sdition for good.
【C】ek new sources of readership.
【D】aim for efficient management.
38、It can be inferred form Paragraphs 5and6 that a “legacy product”
【A】will have the cost of printing reduced.
【B】is meant for the most loyal customers.
【C】helps restore the glory of former times.
【D】expands the popularity of the paper.
smee 39、Peretti believes that,in a changing world,
【A】traditional luxuries can stay unaffected.
【B】aggressiveness better meets challenges.
【C】cautiousness facilitates problem-solving.
【D】legacy business are becoming outdated.
40、which of the following would be the best title of the text?
【A】Make Your Print Newspaper a Luxury Good.
【B】Keep Your Newspapers Forever in Fashion.
【C】Cherish the Newspaper Still in Your Hand.
【D】Shift Online Newspapers All at Once.
Part B
Directions:
Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs(41-45).There are two extra subheadings.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 Points)
No matter how formal or informa the work environment，the way you prent yourlf has an impact. This is especially true in first impressions. According to rearch from Princeton University，people asss your competence，trustworthiness，and likeability in just a tenth of a cond，solely bad on the way you look.
The difference between today’s workplace and the“dress for succeas” era is that the range of options is so much broader.Norms have evolved and fragmented
In some ttings, red sneakers or dress T-shirts can convey status; in others not so much. Plus, whatever image we prent is magnified by social-media rvices like LinkedIn. Chances are, your headshots are en much more often now than a decade or two ago. Millennials,it ems, face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of style and personal branding. It can be confusing.
So how do we navigate this? How do we know when to invest in an upgrade? And what’s the best way to pull off one that enhance our goals? Here are some tips;
41about how others perceive you.Maybe there’s no need for an upgrade and that’s OK.
42、Get clear on what impact you’re hoping to have. Are you looking to refresh your image or pivot it? For one person, the goal may be to be taken more riously and enhance their professional image. For another, it may be to be perceived as more approachable, or more modern and stylish. For someone moving from finance to advertising, maybe they want to look more “SoHo.”(It’s OK to u characterizations like that.)
43、 Look at your work environment like an anthropologist. What are the norms of your
environment? What converys status? Who are your most important audiences? How do the people you respect and look up to prent themlves? The better you understand the cultural context, the more control you can have over your impact.
44、 Enlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and context. Hire a personal stylist, or u the free styling rvice of a store like J.Crew. Try a hair stylist instead of a barber. Work with a professional photographer instead of your spou or friend. It’s not as expensive as you might think.
45、The point of a style upgrade isn’t to become more vain or to spend more time fussing over what to wear. Instead, u it as an opportunity to reduce decision fatigue . Pick a standard work uniform or a few go-to options. Buy all your clothes at once with a stylist instead of shopping alone, one article of clothing at a time.
Part C
Directions:
Read the following text carefully and then translate the undetlined gments into Chine.Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
Mental health is our birthright.(46) We don’t have to learn how to be mentally heally; it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone. Mental health can’t be learned, only reawakened. It is like the immune system or the body, which under stress or through lack of nutrition or exerci can be weakened, but which never leaves us. When we don’t understand the value of mental health and we don’t know how to gain access to it, mental health will remain hidden from us.(47) Our mental health doesn’t really go anywhere ;like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.
Mental health is the ed that contains lf-esteem-confidence in ourlves and an ability to trust in out common n. It allows us to have perspective on our lives – the ability to not take ourlves too riously, to laugh at ourlves, to e the bigger picture, and to e that things will woke out. It’s a form of innate or unlearned optimism. (48) Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles. With kindness if they ate in pain .and with unconditional love no matter who they are. Mental health is the source of creativity for solving problems, resolving conflict, making our surro
undings more beautiful. Managing our home life , or coming up with a creative business idea or invention to make our lives easier. It gives us patience for ourlves and toward others as well as patience while driving, catching a fish, working on our car, or raising a child. It allows us to e the beauty that surrounds us each moment in nature, in culture, in the flow of our daily lives.
(49)Although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives, it is perfectly ordinary as you will e that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions. It has been available even in the most mundane of life situations to show you right from wrong, good from bad, friend from foe. Mental health has commonly been called conscience, instinct, wisdom, common n, or the inner voice. We think of it simply as a healthy and helpful flow of intelligent thought. (50)As you will come to e, knowing that mental health is always available and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily.
Section III Writing
Part A
51、Directions:
Suppo you are a librarian in your university .Write a notice of about 100 words，providing the newly-enrolled international students with relevant information about the library.
You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.
DO not sigh your own name at the end of the notice.U “Li Ming” instead.
DO not write the address.(10 points)
大作文题目：
Directions:
Write an essay of 160—200 words bad on the following picture in your essay, you should
1、describe the pictures briefly,
hpu 2、interpret its intended meaning, and
3、give your comments.
You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)
答案：以下内容来源于网络，仅供参考。
练习的英文 I cloze
1、As well as
2、Decide on
3、Arrange
4、Above all
5、After
灌篮高手 hd 6、Into
7、But复旦中学吧
8、Recite
9、Tying
10、Lighting
11、Union
12、Live
13、Until
14、Obtain
15、Persuaded
16、Whatever
17、Brought
18、Divided
19、Shows
20、While
II Reading comprehension
Part A
Text1
21、Physical beauty would be redefined.
22、Doing harm to.
leggings 23、New standards are being t in Denmark.
24、Showing little concern for health factors.
25、A Challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body Ideals.
Text 2
26、is not well reflected in politics
27、gradually destroyed
28、The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence
29、highlight his firm stand against lobby pressure
30、the town-and-country planning in Britain
Text 3
31、uncertainty
32、winning
33、less vere八年级辅导英语
34、has an impact on their decision
35、the necessary
Text 4
36、the high cost of operation
37、make strategic adjustments
38、is meant for the most loyal customers
39、Aggressiveness better meets challenges
40、Cherish the Newspaper Still in Your Hand
Part B
41、Decide if the time is right
42、Know your goals
43、Understand the context
44、Work with professionals
45、Make it efficient
Part C
46、我们不必学习如何保持健康的心理;它与生俱来，正如我们的身体知道如何让伤口痊愈，如何让骨折好转。
47、健康的心理其实一直都在我们身边;正如乌云背后的太阳，人们有时会看不见它，但是它完全有能力立刻回来。
48、健康的心理让我们在别人陷入麻烦之时，同情他人;在别人痛苦之时，友善待人;无论是谁，都能给予无条件的爱。
49、在我们的生活中，尽管健康的心理可以包治百病，但是它也极其普通，你会发现，它一直都在，指引你度过艰难，做出选择。
50、你会逐渐发现，健康的心理无处不在，我们可以信任它，这会让我们恰到好处地放慢生活的节奏，过上幸福的生活。
III Writing
