An Analysis of the Nature of Buck in The Call of Wild
Abstract
The Call of the Wild is the most famous novel of Jack London. The novel, revolving around the “gold rush” prevailing in the society at that time, performs the world of a dog which struggles in the special environment incisively and vividly. This paper tries to study the nature of Buck in The Call of the Wild from the perspective of the nature of the character. The paper firstly introduces Jack London and The Call of the Wild, and leads out a literature review to establish the theoretical foundation. On this basis, veral main characters in the nature of Buck are analyzed with texts, including fighting spirit, the willingness of adjusting to new environment, love and loyalty, and the eagerness of conquering. Then the mixture of dog and human nature in Buck is explored, from the perspectives of reflections of human nature as well as the society. Through all the analysis, this study purpos to contribute a little to the further study of Jack London and The Call of the Wild.
Keywords: characters, Buck, The Call of the Wild, human nature
摘要
《野性的呼唤》是杰克·伦敦最为著名的小说。小说围绕在当时社会盛行的“淘金热”，淋漓尽致地展现了一只在特殊环境下奋斗的狗的世界。本文试图从性格本质的角度研究《野性的呼唤》中巴克的本性。文中首先介绍了杰克·伦敦和《野性的呼唤》，并进行文献综述以建立理论研究体系。在此基础上，以文本来分析巴克性格中的几个特征，包括斗争精神，适应新环境的意愿，爱和忠诚，以及征服的渴望。然后从人性的反应和社会的角度探究了巴克身上野性和人性的混合。通过这些分析，本研究期望对杰克·伦敦和《野性的呼唤》的进一步研究略尽绵力。forgive是什么意思
关键词：性格，巴克，《野性的呼唤》，人性
CONTENTS Abstract (Ⅰ)
instead1 Introduction (1)
1.1 An Introduction of Jack London and The Call of Wild (1)
1.2 Literature Review (2)
2 Several Main Characters in the Nature of Buck (3)
2.1 Fighting Spirit (3)
2.2 The Willingness of Adjusting to New Environment (4)
2.2.1 Doing A Great Job as A Slave (4)
2.2.2 Fitting into the Herd well as A Dog (5)
grow是什么意思2.3 Love and Loyalty (6)
2.4 The Eagerness of Conquering (7)
2.4.1 The Struggle in the Herd of Dog (7)
2.4.2 The Thriving in the Pack (8)
3 The Mixture of Dog and Human Nature in Buck (8)
3.1 Reflections of Human Nature (9)
3.2 A Mirror of Society (10)
Conclusion (11)
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Bibliography (12)
Acknowledgments (13)
1 Introduction
1.1 An Introduction of Jack London and The Call of Wild
Jack London, formally called John Griffith London is one of the greatest American realism writers. He was born in San Francisco, and grew up in a bankrupt peasant family. He had known human joys and sorrows when he was very young. Although his family cannot afford school fees, London spent a lot of time in reading and studying while working. It was becau his unsmooth life that he was able to create many brilliant works. Tho works describe the life stories of the lower-class people, exposing the evils of capitalist society. His life work is quite abundant, totally leaving 19 novels, more than 150 short stories, a large number of literature reports, three plays, and quite a number of essays and papers. The most famous of his works are Martin Eden, The Call of the Wild, Love of Life, White Fang, and some other novels. His novels brought a forthright, sharp and pure wind to the American literary world in the early 20th century, and made the relationship between creation and life as well as between literature and society become unprecedentedly clo, which had influence on the
process of the development of American literature to some extent.
concern的用法
The Call of the Wild is the most famous novel of Jack London. The novel, revolving around the “gold rush” prevailing in the society at that time, performs the world of a dog which struggle in the special environment incisively and vividly. The story mainly describes t he process of “the hero” Buck‟s returning to the original life with wolves from civilized human society. Buck who grew up in a greenhou environment was stolen and trafficked into pristine wilderness as a sled dog. Although Buck had been edified by long-term human civilization, the harsh reality also touched Buck‟s nature and consciousness of returning to the nature. Harsh living environment steeled Buck and made him grow in continuous experience and toughening. At last, through defeating Spitz, the king of the dogs, Buck earned a place at number one among sled dogs. When atrocious Hal beat Buck black and blue, John Thornton appeared to save Buck‟s dying body. His rescue made Buck feel worm and he decided to fiercely loyal to the benefactor. But the death of the benefactor completely broke Buck‟s nostalgia of human society, which prompted Buck to determine to go to the wilderness resolutely and returned to nature.
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In the creation of Buck, the author infud Buck‟s humanity with beastliness and the beastliness of Buck also embodied humanity. Humanity and beastliness were expresd on Buck, and eventually bstamp怎么读
eastliness became dominant. Buck morphed into a wolf. Through metaphorically describing the bankruptcy of humanity and the
relap of the beastliness, London revealed the nature of the inten infighting and brutal struggle between man and man in the realistic society at that time.
1.2 Literature Review
offer的用法
After the publishment of The Call of the Wild, plenty of scholars and rearchers have studied Jack London and this brilliant novel. This paper mainly focus on the previous studies of The Call of the Wild in and out country.
The introduction and translation of Jack London and his works began from 1920s in China, and culminated in 1930s. The Call of the Wild was one of the earliest works of Jack London which were translated into Chine. As his signature work and reprentative work, this novel has been translated and rearched again and again in the following 90 years, which amply shows its importance.
In the early period, there were some studies focusing on the life of Jack London and the appreciation
of his works. The Call of the Wild occured in some rearch books and textbooks. For example, The Studies of Jack London(Li & Wu,1988) mainly anthologizes some essays that are concerned with Jack London and his works, which embodies the temporal rearch situations. Also some textbooks (Zhu & Zhao, 1985: 501; Mu & Y ao, 1984: 558; Fu, 1995: 62) take the ideas of "struggle for existence and survival of the fittest" to illustrate the theme of The Call of the Wild, which is the unitive views of most textbooks at that time.screencapture
Since 1997, there had been some rearches making conclusive study. The studies about the novel were mainly summary and critic from the perspectives of history and society. Also this novel was compared with London's other works and analyzed together.
From 2000, more and more rearchers tried to take various western theories to analyze The Call of the Wild from different perspectives. Among them, there are some rearches from the perspective of comparative literature. For example, Fang Y an's The conflict between Civilization and Nature and its cultural implication-the Comparison between The Call of the Wild and Yingning(2000) excavates different cultural implication between the two works through the modelling of characters and the description of the conflicts between civilization and nature; Li Ming's The Art of Wolves and the Philosophy of Human-comparison Theory of the "Wolf" Novels between Ja Pingao and Jack London(
2005) propos that Jack London reflected human behavior from the aesthetic view of wolf to depict Social Darwinism and "superman philosophy" with the criticism of human nature alienation and social civilization as well as the calling of love and humanitarianism. The articles figure
out the widespread literary significance of this novel.
Also some scholars strove to study the novel from the perspective of psychoanalysis. For instance, A De e Ta Yi e‟s Collective Unconscious Theory of Jung and The Call of the Wild of Jack London(2000) considers that this novel is completely consistent with Jung's collective unconscious theory; Sun Ling‟s An Analysis of Buck's Character from Perspective of Jung's Psychoanalysis(2012) deconstructs the process of Buck's regression of wolf nature through lf theory, Individual unconscious theory and collective unconscious theory in Jung's psychoanalytic theory, in order to reflect the prevailing social background.
Rearchers also explore the novel from the perspective of ecology, such as On Exploration of the ecologic theme of Jack London from The Call of the Wild (2006) which analyzes the critism of civilization, the prentation of natural value, and the thinking and exploring of the direction of human survival as well as the relationship between human and nature.
The exploration of thematology is also made by some scholars. For example, Tan Y anping's On Multiplicity of the Theme of The Call of the Wild(2002) discts five themes of the work: returning to nature, surviving of only the strong, reflecting of social life, fighting spirit and humanitarianism, so as to reveal the multiple themes and explore the longevity.of its aesthetic charming.
Narratology is also utilized to analyze the novel, such as Zhao Linya's On the Narrative Perspective of Jack London's The Call of the Wild(2004) which puts forward that Jack London takes the third-person whole narrative perspective to tell the story of Buck with both advantages and shortages.
In addition, reading education, hermeneutics, symbolism, profile analysis and naturalism are all ud to study The Call of the Wild. Meanwhile, the relationship between humanity and beastliness is another respect for rearchers to study.
私人教练培训健身教练学校The previous studies have obtained great results to analyze the novel and the other works of Jack London, and some of them mention the nature of Buck. Some studies only explore the character of Buck without the nature analysis about the character. Some studies mainly prents the performance of the human nature of Buck in contexts, but doesn‟t explains the nature of the performance. For instance, The Dog Nature Performance of Human Nature by Criticizing The Call of
the Wild discuss the human nature embodied in the novel. But this rearch was carried out according to the chapters of the novel, and there is no general summary about neither the dog nature nor the human nature. This paper tries to study the nature of Buck in The Call
