2021届新高考数学备考艺考生百日冲刺
专题02 阅读理解之说明文（二）
一、（湖北省华中师范大学第一附属中学2021届高三期中）
“A CAREER BOOK about Asians? Aren’t they doing fine…?” So begins Breaking the Bamboo Ceiling, a very large scholarly book by Jane Hyun published in 2005. Becau Asian-Americans had higher incomes and education levels and committed fewer crimes than their average countrymen, they were en as a model minority. Despite this, they rarely ro to the top of companies. A mix of individual, cultural and organizational barriers — the “bamboo ceiling” of the book’s title — emed to prohibit them from rising.
Fifteen years later Asians are still under-reprented. In the technology ctors, Asians make up over 30% of the workers but less than 15% of boss. In 2017 Asians made up roughly 6% of the country’s population but only 3% of the boss of S&P 500 (标准普尔 500 指数) firms.
Some prominent Asians run big companies. Arvind Krishna is IBM’s new boss. Satya Nadella runs Microsoft and Sundar Pichai leads Alphabet. But few other Asians have joined their ranks — and, revealingly, the stars all have Indian roots. There are fewer South Asians in America than East Asians, but they still made up 13 of all 16 Asian S&P 500 CEOs.
Why are there so few Asians among America’s business elite? And if a bamboo ceiling is to blame, why do South Asians break through more easily? The questions are the focus of a study by Jackson Lu of MIT Sloan School of Management and colleagues, who surveyed hundreds of nior executives and business-school students. They found that while discrimination exists, it is not destiny. South Asians endure greater racism than East Asians but still outperform even whites (if success is weighed against share of population). Their rearch also rules out lack of ambition: a greater share of Asians than whites endeavor for high-status jobs.
That leaves culture. The rearchers conclude that South Asians tend to be more determi
ned and confident than East Asians in how they communicate at work, which fits Western concepts of how a leader should behave. The same tendency for confident remarks featured in “The Argumentative Indian”, a book by Amartya Sen, a Nobel-prize winning economist. The rearchers owe East Asians’ silence to Confucian values of modesty and respect for social ranking. Sometimes bravery and bombast are needed to break bamboo.
12．What does “bamboo ceiling” refer to?
faith是什么意思A．vikaThe top of an American technology company.
B．A roof made of bamboo typical of Asian buildings.
C．Promotion obstacles facing Asian employees in America.
D．The invisible discrimination against Asians in the USA．
13．What does “under-reprented” in Paragraph 2 mean?
hopeful
A．香港话Lacking reprentatives. B．Hard to show their talents.
C．Being underestimated. D．Unable to land a job.
14．According to Jackson Lu, what mainly accounts for fewer promotions of East Asians than South Asians?
A．A small population. B．Discrimination. C．新东方在线网络课堂Lack of ambition. D．Culture.
15．Why do South Asians succeed in American business more easily?
A．Western people prefer modesty to confidence in communication.
B．The confidence they demonstrate consists with Western leadership.
C．They endure greater racism and become more ambitious.
D．Their ambition urges them to endeavor for high-status jobs.
【答案】
12．C
13．A
14．D
15．B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章以一本名为《Breaking the Bamboo Ceiling》的书为引入，指出了在美国的亚洲员工面临晋升障碍的社会现象，同时南亚人比东亚人更容易晋升，分析了产生这一现象背后的种种原因。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Becau Asian-Americans had higher incomes and education levels and committed fewer crimes than their average countrymen, they were en as a model minority. Despite this, they rarely ro to the top of companies. A mix of individual, cultural and organizational barriers — the “bamboo ceiling” of the book’s title — emed to prohibit them from rising.(由于亚裔美国人的收入和教育水平更高，犯罪行为也比一般同胞少，他们被视为模范少数族裔。尽管如此，他们很少能升到公司的高层。个
人、文化和组织的障碍——书名中的“荷兰语词典bamboo ceiling”——混合在一起，似乎阻止了他们的晋升)”可知，“bamboo ceilingairasia com”指的是在美国的亚洲员工面临的晋升障碍。故选denmark是什么意思C。
13．词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“骑自行车英语In the technology ctors, Asians make up over 30% of the workers but less than 15% of boss. In 2017 Asians made up roughly 6% of the country’s population but only 3% of the boss of S&P 500 (标准普尔 500 指数) firms.(在科技行业，亚洲人占员工总数的30%以上，但占老板总数的不到15%。2017affect年，亚洲人约占美国人口的6%，但在标准普尔500指数成分股公司的老板中，亚洲人只占3%)”可知，15年后，亚洲人在行业中仍然没有得到充分的代表，即亚洲人缺乏代表。故画线词意思为“缺乏代表”。故选A。
14．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“South Asians endure greater racism than East Asians but still outperform even whites (if success is weighed against share of population). Their rearch also rules out lack of ambition: a greater share of Asians than whites endeavor for high-status jobs.(南亚人忍受着比东亚人更严重的种族主义，但表现仍然超过白人——如果成功与人口比例相比较的话。他们的研究也排除了缺乏雄心壮志的
可能性：努力获得高职位的亚洲人比白人要多)”以及最后一段中“That leaves culture.(这样一来就只剩下文化这种原因)”可推知，根据Jackson Lu的研究，东亚人升职比南亚人少的主要原因是文化。故选D。
