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Passage 1
题材：科技类
新旧情况：新题
题目：英国的酒精燃料
题型：填空 +判断5
文章大意：
乙醇作为新燃料地提炼过程和与汽油的对比。
tik tok歌词部分答案回忆：
1-5 T/F/NG
1. 英国农民不太可能会为了制造乙醇燃料大种甘蔗——TRUE
private什么意思2. 在UK的农民将扩大生产更多乙醇植物——FALSE
3. A gallon ethanol have more engineer than a gallongasoline—NG
4. in future US 将会有充足的crop来制造氢气——FALSE
我歌词张国荣5. 乙醇producers 会尽量减少生产过程中使用的能量——NG
6-9 Flow Chat
Process of producing ethanol
我不会说英语6. distiller
翌日的意思初二物理电学7. lignin
8. remains
9. bioreactor
10. fiber
Passage 2
题材：历史考古类
新旧情况：旧题
题目：Coastal Archaeology ofBritain
题型：单选3+判断7+多选3
文章大意：
CoastalArchaeology of Britain
A Therecognition of the wealth and diversity of England’s coastal archaeology hasbeen one of the most important developments of recent years. Some elements ofthis enormous resource have long been known. The so-called ‘submerged forests’off the coas
ts of England, sometimes with clear evidence of human activity, hadattracted the interest of antiquarians since at least the eighteenth centurybut rious and systematic attention has been given to the archaeologicalpotential of the coast only since the early 1980s.
B It ispossible to trace a variety of caus for this concentration of effort andinterest. In the 1980s and 1990s scientific rearch into climate change andits environmental impact spilled over into a much broader public debate asawareness of the issues grew; the prospect of rising a levels over the nextcentury, and their impact on current coastal environments, has been aparticular focus for concern. At the same time archaeologists were beginning torecognize that the destruction caud by natural process of coastal erosionand by human activity was having an increasing impact on the archaeologicalresource of the coast.
negative什么意思C Thedominant process affecting the physical form of England in the post- glacialperiod has been the ri in the altitude of a level relative to the land, asthe glaciers melted and the landmass readjusted. The encroachment of the a,the loss of huge areas of lan
d now under the North Sea and the English Channel,and especially the loss of the land bridge between England and France, whichfinally made Britain an island, must have been immenly significant factors inthe lives of our prehistoric ancestors. Yet the way in which prehistoriccommunities adjusted to the environmental changes has ldom been a majortheme in discussions of the period. One factor contributing to this has beenthat, although the ri in relative a level is comparatively well documented,we know little about the constant reconfiguration of the coastline. This wasaffected by many process, mostly quite, which have not yet been adequatelyrearched. The detailed reconstruction of coastline histories and the changingenvironments available for human u will be an important theme for futurerearch.
D So great hasbeen the ri in a level and the conquent regression of the coast that muchof the archaeological evidence now expod in the coastal zone, whether beingeroded or expod as a buried land surface, is derived from what was originallyterres-trial occupation. Its current location in the coastal zone is theproduct of later unrelated process, and it can tell us little about pastadaptations to the a. Estima
tes of its significance will need to be made inthe context of other related evidence from dry land sites. Nevertheless, itsphysical environment means that prervation is often excellent, for example inthe ca of the Neolithic structure excavated at the Stumble in Esx.sb是什么意思
E In somecas the buried land surfaces do contain evidence for human exploitation ofwhat was a coastal environment, and elwhere along the modem coast there issimilar evidence. Where the evidence does relate to past human exploitation ofthe resources and the opportunities offered by the a and the coast, it isboth diver and as yet little understood. We are not yet in a position to makeeven preliminary estimates of answers to such fundamental questions as theextent to which the a and the coast affected human life in the past, what percentageof the population at any time lived within reach of the a, or whether humanttlements in coastal environments showed a distinct character from thoinland.
F The moststriking evidence for u of the a is in the form of boats, yet we still havemu
ch to learn about their production and u. Most of the known wrecks aroundour coast are not unexpectedly of post-medieval date, and offer an unparalleledopportunity for rearch which has as yet been little ud. The prehistoricwn-plank boats such as tho from the Humber estuary and Dover all em tobelong to the cond millennium BC; after this there is a gap in the record ofa millennium, which cannot yet be explained, before boats reappear, but builtusing a very different technology. Boatbuilding must have been an extremelyimportant activity around much of our coast, yet we know almost nothing aboutit, Boats were some of the most complex artefacts produced by pre-modemsocieties, and further rearch on their production and u make an importantcontribution to our understanding of past attitudes to technology andtechnological change.
G Boats neededlanding places, yet here again our knowledge is very patchy In many cas thenatural shores and beaches would have sufficed, leaving little or noarchaeological trace, but especially in later periods, many ports and harbors,as well as smaller facilities such as quays, wharves, and jetties, were built.Despite a growth of inter
est in the waterfront archaeology of some of our moreimportant Roman and medieval towns, very little attention has been paid to themultitude of smaller landing places. Redevelopment of harbor sites and otherdevelopment and natural pressures along the coast are subjecting theimportant locations to unprecedented threats, yet few surveys of such siteshave been undertaken.
H One of themost important revelations of recent rearch has been the extent of industrialactivity along the coast. Fishing and salt production are among the betterdocumented activities, but even here our knowledge is patchy Many forms offishing will eave little archaeological trace, and one of the surpris ofrecent survey has been the extent of past investment in facilities forprocuring fish and shellfish. Elaborate wooden fish weirs, often ofconsiderable extent and responsive to aerial photography in shallow water, havebeen identified in areas such as Esx and the Severn estuary. The productionof salt, especially in the late Iron Age and early Roman periods, has beenrecognized for some time, especially in the Thames estuary and around theSolent and Poole Harbor, but the reasons for the decline of that industry andthe nature of later c
oastal salt working are much less well understood. Otherindustries were also located along the coast, either becau the raw materialsoutcropped there or for ea of working and transport: mineral resources suchas sand, gravel, stone, coal, ironstone, and alum were all exploited. Theindustries are poorly documented, but their remains are sometimes extensive andstriking.
