study的过去式和过去分词

过去分词的规则变化和不规则变化

构成规则

构成

主语+have/has+动词的过去分词（done）

1．规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规

则动词的过去式的构成规则相同.四点变化规则：

（1）、一般动词,在词尾直接加“ed"。（然而要注

意的是，过去分词并不是过去式)

work—--worked-——worked，

visit———visited——-visited

（2）、以不发音的“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加

“d"。

live——-lived

(3)、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,将”y”变

为"i”，再加“ed”。

study——-studied———studied，

cry---cried-——cried，

(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先

双写该辅音字母，再加“ed”.

stop-—-stopped——-stopped，

drop———dropped-dropped

2。过去分词不规则变化表

一、A—A-A型，即原形、过去式和过去分词三者

都相同.(共9个）

cost—cost-costcut—cut-cuthit—hit—hit

hurt-hurt—hurtlet—let—letput-put—put

read-read—read（read的原形和过去式、过去分

词读音不同［1］）t—t—tshut-shut-shut

二、A—B-B型,即过去式、过去分词相同。（共

41个）

1．过去式和过去分词都含有-ought。（4个)

bring—brought—broughtbuy-bought—bought

think-thought-thoughtfight—fought—fought

2．词尾有—ild,-end时，只需把d变为t。(4

个）

build—built—builtlend—lent-lent

nd-nt—ntspend—spent-spent

3．过去式、过去分词都含有-aught.（2个）

catch—caught—caughtteach—taught—taught

4．把—eep、—eel变为—ept、—elt。（3个)

keep—kept-keptsleep-slept—sleptsweep-

swept-swept

5．把—ell变为-old.（2个）

tell-told—toldll—sold-sold

6．把—ell、—ill变为-elt或—ilt。(4个)

smell—smelt-smeltspell—spelt—speltfeel

—felt—feltspill—spilt-spilt

7．把—eed、—ead、—eet变为-ed或—et.（4

个）

feed—fed—fedlead—led-led

speed-sped-spedmeet—met-met

8．过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t.（3个）

learn-learnt—learntmean-meant—meant

spoil-spoilt-spoilt

9．过去式、过去分词词尾去y变—id（4个）

say—said—saidpay—paid-paidlay—laid—

laidhear-heard—heard

10．改变元音字母.（11个)

meet-met—metfeed—fed—fedget—got—got

sit-sat-satfind—found-foundhold-held—held

spit—spat-spatshine—shone-shonewin-won—

wonhang—hung—hungdig-dug-duglo—lost

—lost

11．改变辅音字母.（4个)

make-made-madebuild—built-builtnd—

nt—ntspend—spent-spent

12．改变元、辅音字母。（4个）

leave-left-leftstand—stood—stoodhave

（has)—had—hadunderstand-understood—

understood

三、A—B-C型,即原形、过去式、过去分词都不相

同。(共37个)

1．i-a—u变化。（7个)

begin—began-begundrink-drank—drunksing-

sang—sungring—rang—rungswim-swam—swum

sink-sank-sunkspring-sprang—sprung

2．词尾为-ow，-aw时，过去式将其变为-ew，过

去分词在其原形后加n。（5个）

blow—blew-blowndraw-drew-drawngrow-grew

—grownknow-knew—knownthrow—threw—thrown

（show除外）

3．词尾为“i+辅(1个）+e",过去式将i变为o,

过去分词多在原形后加n，若那个辅音字母为d或t，

须双写d或t后加n。（4个）(give,hide除外）

drive—drove—drivenwrite—wrote—written

ride-rode—riddenri—ro-rin

4．过去分词在过去式后加n.(1个）

wake—woke—woken

5．过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。（2个）

get—got—gottenforget—forgot-forgotten

6．过去分词由原形加(e)n构成。（6个)

be—was(were）—beeneat—ate—eaten

fall-fell-fallengive-gave-givene—saw—

enhide—hid—hidden（hid）

7．词尾为-ake时，过去式将其变为—ook,过去分

词在原形词后加—n。（2个）

take-took—takenmistake—mistook-mistaken

8．原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。(6个）

do—did—donefly-flew—flowngo—went—

gonelie-lay-lainshow-showed—shownwear—

wore-worn

9．词尾为—eak时,过去式将其变为—oke,过去分

词在原形词后加—n。（2个）

break-broke-brokenspeak—spoke—spoken

10．词中间为“oo+辅（1个）+e”或“ee+辅（1

个）+e”,过去式将oo、ee变为o,过去分词在原形

词后加-n。（2个)

choo-cho—chonfreeze-froze—frozen

四、A—A—B型,即过去式和原形相同。（1个)

beat-beat—beaten

五、A—B—A型，即过去分词和原形相同.（3个）

1。词中间为“o+辅(1个)+e”时，过去式将o变

为a。(2个）

come-came—comebecome-became—become

2。u—a—u变化。（1个）

run-ran—run

六、情态动词型，（除must外)只有原形和过去

式,没有过去分词。（4个)

can-couldmay—mightwill—wouldshall—

shouldmust既没有过去式也没有过去分词

动词原形过去式过去分词

ariaroarin

awakeawoke/awakedawoken

bewas/werebeen

bearboreborne（携带)/born（出生）

beatbeatbeaten

becomebecamebecome

beginbeganbegun

befallbefellbefallen

bendbentbent

betbetbet

bindboundbound

bitebitbitten/bit

bleedbledbled

blendblendedblent

blessblesdblest

blowblewblown

breakbrokebroken

breedbredbred

bringbroughtbrought

broadcastbroadcast/broadcasted

broadcast/broadcasted

buildbuiltbuilt

burnburnt/burnedburnt/burned

burstburstburst

buyboughtbought

castcastcast

catchcaughtcaught

choochochon

cleaveclove/cleftcloven/cleft

clingclungclung

clotheclothed/cladclothed/clad

comecamecome

costcostcost

creepcreptcrept

crowcrowed/crewcrowed

cutcutcut

daredared/durstdared

dealdealtdealt

digdugdug

dodiddone

drawdrewdrawn

dreamdreamt/dreameddreamt/dreamed

drinkdrankdrunk

drivedrovedriven

dwelldweltdwelt

eatateeaten

fallfellfallen

feedfedfed

feelfeltfelt

fightfoughtfought

findfoundfound

fleefledfled

flingflungflung

flyflewflown

forbidforbade/forbadforbidden

forecastforecast/forecasted

forecast/forecasted

forgetforgotforgotten

forgiveforgaveforgiven

freezefrozefrozen

gainsaygainsaidgainsaid

getgotgotten

gildgilded/giltgilded

girdgirded/girtgirded/girt

givegavegiven

gowentgone

gravegravedgraven/graved

grindgroundground

growgrewgrown

hanghung/hangedhung/hanged

havehadhad

hearheardheard

heaveheaved/hovehesved/hove

hidehidhidden

hithithit

holdheldheld

hurthurthurt

keepkeptkept

kneelkneltknelt

knowknewknown

ladeladedladen

laylaidlaid

leadledled

leanlesnt/leanedlesnt/leaned

leapleapt/leapedleapt/leaped

learnlearnt/learnedlearnt/learned

leaveleftleft

lendlentlent

letletlet

lielaylain

lightlit/lightedlit/lighted

lolostlost

makemademade

meanmeantmeant

meetmetmet

meltmeltedmeited/molten

mistakemistookmistaken

misunderstandmisunderstoodmisunderstood

outgrowoutgrewoutgrown

overcomeovercameovercome

overeoversawoveren

paypaidpaid

proveprovedproved/proven

putputput

quitquitted/quitquitted/quit

readreadread

rendrentrent

rideroderidden

ringrangrung

rirorin

riverivedriven/rived

runranrun

sawsawedsawn/sawed

saysaidsaid

esawen

eksoughtsought

llsoldsold

ndntnt

ttt

wwedwn/wed

shakeshookshaken

shaveshavedshaved/shaven

shearshearedsheared/shorn

shedshedshed

shineshoneshone

shoeshodshod

shootshotshot

showshowedshown/showed

shrinkshrank/shrunkshrunk/shrunken

shriveshrove/shrivedshriven/shrived

shutshutshut

singsang/sungsung

sinksank/sunksunk/sunken

sitsatsat

slayslewslain

sleepsleptslept

slideslidslid

slingslungslung

slinkslunkslunk

slitslitslit

smellsmelt/smelledsmelt/smelled

smitesmotesmitten

sowsowedsown/sowed

speakspokespoken

speedsped/speededsped/speeded

spellspelt/spelledspelt/spelled

spendspentspent

spillspilt/spilledspilt/spilled

spinspun/spanspun

spitspat/spitspat/spit

spoilspoilt/spoiledspoilt/spoiled

spreadspreadspread

springsprang/sprungsprung

standstoodstood

stavestaved/stovestaved/stove

stealstolestolen

stickstuckstuck

stingstungstung

swearsworesworn

sweepsweptswept

swellswelledswollen/swelled

swimswamswum

swingswungswung

taketooktaken

teachtaughttaught

teartoretorn

telltoldtold

thinkthoughtthought

throwthrewthrown

thrustthrustthrust

treadtrodtrodden/trod

uptuptupt

wakewoke/wakedwoken/waked

wearworeworn

weavewovewoven

weepweptwept

winwonwon

windwoundwound

workworked/wroughtworked/wrought

wringwrungwrung

writewrotewritten