2012北京高考英语答案

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

英语

注意事项：

⒈本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己

的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

⒉答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。

⒊答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

⒋考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷

第一部分英语知识运用(满分50分)

第一节语音知识(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)

从A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项，

并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

例：

答案是C。

⒈e

⒉re

⒊

⒋

⒌ult

第二节语法和词汇知识(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂

黑。

例：Itisgenerallyconsideredunwitogiveachild___heorshewants.

er

答案是B。

⒍–Whatshallwedotonightthen?

–___–whateveryouwant.

’’suptoyou

⒎Hemisd___goldinthehighjump,butwillget___condchanceinthelongjump.

;theB.不填;;aD.a;不填

⒏Thatevening,___Iwilltellyoumoreaboutlater,Iendedupworkingverylate.

⒐Sarahmade___totheairportjustintimetocatchherplanethismorning.

⒑Tonylentmethemoney,___thatI’ddoasmuchforhim.

hoped

⒒Ihadhardlygottotheoffice___mywifephonemetogobackhomeatonce.

⒓We___topaintthewholehoubutfinishedonlythefrontpartthatday.

n

⒔Nexttobiology,Ilikephysics___.

ll

⒕–DidyouaskSophiaforhelp?

–I___needto–Imanagedperfectlywellonmyown.

’’’’t

⒖Theoldmansatinfrontofthetelevisioneveryevening,happy___anythingthathappenedto

beon.

watched

⒗100℃isthetemperature___whichwaterwillboil.

⒘I’mgoingtoEuropeonvacationtogetherwithJohnifI___findthemoney.

⒙Themanager___theworkershowtoimprovetheprogramsince9a.m.

vetold

⒚TheHarryPotterbooksarequitepopular;theyareingreat___inthiscity.

⒛–easy.

–Thanks.___

?r?,too.

第三节完形填空(每小题1.5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白

处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AroundtwentyyearsagoIwaslivinginYork.21IhadalotofexperienceandaMaster’s

degree,Icouldnotfind22work.

Iwas23aschoolbustomakeendsmeetand24withafriendofmine,forIhadlost

25fiveinterviews(面试)withacompanyandonedaybetweenbusrunsthey

calledtosayIdidnot26thejob.“Whyhasmylifebecomeso27?”Ithoughtpainfully.

AsIpulledthebusoverto28alittlegirl,shehandedmeanearning29Ishouldkeep

it30somebodyclaimed(认领)ringwaspaintedblackandsaid“BEHAPPY”.

31me–Ihadbeengivingallofmy32towhatwasgoing

wrongwithmy33ratherthanwhatwasright!Idecidedthenandtheretomakea34of

,ghtthere

edmeifI

would38aone-daylectureonstress(压力)es.

My39therewentverywell,dayIknowthat

itwasbecauIchangedmywayof40thatIcompletelychangedmylife.

ient

ing

r

g

t

sts

nd

out

ng

第二部分阅读理解(满分45分)

第一节语篇阅读(每小题2分)

第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并

在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(每小题2分)

(A)

Coldweathercanhardonpets,mesownersforget

thattheircatsarejustasudtothewarmshelter(住所)nerswillleavetheir

animalsoutsideforalongperiodoftime,thinkingthatallanimalsareudtolivingoutdoors.

rethingsyoucandotokeepyour

animalwarmandsafe.

avetotakethem

out,u’recoldenoughtogoinside,

mustleavethemoutsideforalongtime,makesuretheyhaveawarm,solidshelteragainstthe

wind,thickbedding,andplentyofnon-frozenwater.

Ifleftaloneoutside,

hemclolywhentheyareleftoutdoors,and

eyeonyourpet’mesowners

don’trealizethatawaterbowlhasfrozenandtheirpetcan’sthat

don’thavecleanandunfrozenwatermaydrinkdirtywateroutside,whichmaycontainsomething

unhealthyforthem.

welearnaboutpetsfromParagraph1?

eoftenforgottenbytheirowners.

eudtolivingoutdoors.

ildtheirwonshelter.

ketostayinwarmplaces.

petownersaskedtostaywiththeirpetswhentheyareoutincoldweather?

whentobringtheminside.

themfromeatingbadfood.

themfindshelters.

themcompany.

areleftontheirownoutdoorsincoldweather,theymay___.

pholesforfun

tinthewild

thepurpoofthistext?

practicaladvice.

entarearchresult.

(B)

Youmaythinkthatsailingisadifficultsport,ot

needtounderstandafewbasicrulesabout

thewind.

First,youmustaskyourlf,“Whereisthewindcomingfrom?Isitcomingfromaheador

behindorfromtheside?”ddirection

tellsyouwhattodowiththesail.

Let’ansthewindandtheboatare

ldbeata

90°angle(角度)willcatchthewindbest.

Ifthewindisblowingfromtheside,ca,youmustkeep

ldbeata45°stobeoutfar

enoughtocatchthewind,butitshouldn’tflap(摆动).Itshouldn’

flapping,itisprobablyouttoofar,andtheboatwillslowdown.

ry,

ssible,butyoucan’tgofirst

uaretacking,youmust

alwayskeepthesailinsidetheboat.

ouldyouconsiderfirstwhilesailing?

s’vels.

sails.

estheword“It”underlinedinParagraph4referto?

le.

youhavetodowhensailingagainstthewind?

hesailtoflap.

eboat.

anyouprobablyfindthetext?

ristguidebook.

ficialreport.

(C)

Facialexpr

example,inAmericanculture(文化)lso

’ssmileatapoliceofficerdoesnotcarrythesamemeaningasthesmile

oftencausconfusion(困惑)mple,manypeopleinRussiasmilingat

yAmericanssmilefreelyatstrangers

inpublicplaces(althoughthisislesscommoninbigcities).SomeRussiansbelievethat

Americanssmileinthewrongplaces;someAmericansbelievethatRussiansdon’tsmileenough.

InSoutheastAsianculture,mepeople

maytellasadstorybutendthestorywithasmile.

Ourfacesshowemotions(情感),butweshouldnotattemptto“read”peoplefromanother

cultureaswewould“read”tthatmembersofoneculture

donotexpresstheiremotionsasopenlyasdomembersofanotherdoesnotmeanthattheydonot

,thereareculturaldifferencesintheamountoffacialexpressions

mple,inpublicandinformalsituationsmanyJapanedonotshowtheir

thfriends,JapaneandAmericansemtoshow

theiremotionssimilarly.

ItisdifficulttogeneralizeaboutAmericansandfacialexpressivenessbecauofpersonaland

fromcertainculturalbackgroundsintheUnited

istotrynottojudgepeoplewho

dgeaccordingtoourownculturalhabits,wemay

makethemistakeof“reading”theotherpersonincorrectly.

esthesmileusuallymeanintheU.S.?

ulness.

hormentionsthesmileoftheVietnametoprovethatsmilecan___.

tohidetruefeelings

rsonalhabits

ouldwedobeforeattemptingto“read”people?

bouttheirrelationswithothers.

tandtheirculturalbackgrounds.

tabouttheirpastexperience.

outwhattheywilldonext.

uldbethebesttitleforthetest?

andRelationship

andEmotions

(D)

ADDISABABA,Ethiopia–Oneoftheworld’smostfamousfossils(化石)–the3.2

million-year-oldLucyskeleton(骨骼)unearthedinEthiopiain1974–willgoonanexhibition

tourabroadforthefirsttimeintheUnitedStates,officialssaidTuesday.

yonexhibitionattheEthiopian

NationalMuuminthecapital,AddisAbaba,isareplicawhiletherealremainsareusually

romtheMuumofNationalScienceinHouston,Texas,

,whichwillstartinHoustonnext

September.

“Ethiopia’srichcultureofboththepastandtoday,isoneofthebestkeptcretsinthe

world,”saidJoelBartsch,directoroftheHoustonmuum.

Thesix-yeartourwillalsogotoWashington,NewYork,alssaid

ysaidplanshadnotbeenworkedout.

TravellingwithLucywillbe190otherfossils.

Lucy,hernametakenfromaBeatlessongthatplayedinacampthenightofherdiscovery,is

partoftheskeletonofwhatwasoncea31

2

-foot-tallape-man(猿人).

horwritesthistextmainlyto___.

s新课标第一网

besomerearchwork

sthevalueofanape-man

acomingevent

esthewords“areplica”inParagraph2referto?

graphofLucy

enrecordofLucy.

ycitieshasLucy’analreadyincluded?

.

stheskeletonnamedafter?

.

(E)

MakeUpYourMindtoSucceed

Kind-heartedp

generationbornbetween1980and2001grewupplayingsportswherescoresandperformance

wereplayeddownbecau“everyone’swinter.”Andtheirreportcardssoundedmorepositive(正

面的)ult,StanfordUniversityprofessorCarolDweck,PhD,callsthem

“theoverpraidgeneration.”

earchhasledher

tofindoutt’s

howtheywork:

Afixedmind-tisgroundedinthebeliefthattalent(才能)isgenetic–you’reabornartist,

pointguard,edmind-tbelievesit’ssuretosucceedwithoutmuch

ingsgetdifficult,it’squicktoblame,lie,and

evenstayawayfromfuturedifficulties.

Ontheotherhand,agrowthmind-tbelievesthatnotalentintirelyheaven-ntandthat

etheego(自尊)isn’tonthelineasmuch,

cedwithadifficulty,it’s

quicktorethink,,itenjoysthixperience.

Weareallbornwithgrowthmind-ts.(Otherwi,wewouldn’tbeabletoliveintheworld.)

Butparents,teachers,andinstructorsoftenpushusintofixedmind-tsbyencouragingcertain

’sbook,Mind-t:TheNewPsychologyofSuccess,and

saystherearemanylittlethingsyou

canstartdoingtodaytomakesurethatyourchildren,grandchildrenandevenyouarenever

defeatedbyfailure.

estheauthorthinkabouttheprentgeneration?

n’eoftenmisunderstood.

egiventoomuchprai.

mind-tpersonisprobablyonewho___.

’twanttoworkhard

lotaboutpersonalsafety

sharehisideaswithothers

ceedwiththehelpofteachers

esthegrowthmind-tbelieve?

ingfailureisshameful.

comeswithone’sbirth.

shouldbehighlyvalued.

goverdifficultiesinjoyable.

ouldparentsdofortheirchildrenbadonDweck’sstudy?

agethemtolearnfromfailures.

tthemfrommakingmistakes.

hemindoinglittlethings.

emgrowwithprai.

第二节根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上

将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。(每小题1分)

Daughter：eme,don’tyou?

Father：Ofcour,Ido.61

Daughter：Well,Isawthisgreatofferforafreephonehereinthenewspaper,and…

Father：

Daughter：Well,thephoneisfree…afterthe＄50Ipayisreturnedtome.

Father：Ah,sothat’sthecatch.63

Daughter：riendshaveone.

Father：Ah,Idon’tknow.64

Daughter：Butthemonthlychargeforthisrviceisonly＄29.99,with1,000freeweekday

minutesnationwide,andunlimitedweekendminutes.

Father：Idon’tknow.

Daughter：enewphoneyouwon’thavetoworryaboutmewhileI’mdriving

thenewcar.

Father：65

Daughter：Thenewcaryou’llneedtobuysoIcanuthephone.

…what’sonyourmind??Whatnewcar?

?Nothing’dyoudotothenewcar?

onearthdoyouneedaphone?wayschargealotforthervice.

tisthetermoftherviceagreement?

第II卷

第三部分写作(共三节，满分55分)

第一节单词拼写(每小题1分)

根据下列句子及所给汉语注释，在答题卡相应题号的横线上写出空缺处各单词的正确形

式(每空只写一词)。

peakany__________(外国)languages?

awasthe__________(骄傲)ofherfamily.

ustop__________(打断)mewhenI’mtalking?

eckham’s__________(国籍)isBritish.

__________(现代)historyofItalydatesfrom1860.

’s__________(侄子)isafreshmanatHarvardUniversity.

antedtoborrowJack’scomputer,buthe__________(拒绝).

__________(书架)arefilledwithbooksandphotos.

eyougirls__________(耳语)about?

’t__________(咳嗽)morethanyoucanhelp.

第二节短文改错(每小题1.5分)

此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。先对标有题号的每一行作出判断：如无错误，在该行

右边横线上画一个勾（√）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正：

该行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜

线划掉。

该行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。

该行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

注意：⒈原行没有错的不要改；

⒉答案必须写在答题卡相应的位置上。

DearEditor,

I’mwritingtotellyouopinionaboutwatersaving.76.______

,aswellasanimal,cannotlive77.______

withoutwaterandneitheragricultureorindustrycango78.______

eemedwaterisbecominglessandless.79.______

Manycountriesintheworldfindwedon’thaveenoughwater.80.______

Todealwithaproblem,Ithink,weshouldfirstgoall81.______

,no82.______

,weshouldfind83.______

waystoreuthewaterusinginwashing,especiallybath84.______

waterforwhichisquitealot,andthatwillsavemuchwater.85.______

Sincerely,

LiHua

第三节书面表达(30分)

假定你是李华。你班同学决定为小明举办生日聚会。请你写信邀请外教Susan参加，要

点包括：

⒈时间：周五晚8点至9点

⒉地点：学生俱乐部

⒊内容：生日歌、蛋糕、游戏等

⒋要求：备小礼物

注意：⒈词数100左右，开头语已为你写好；⒉可以适当增加细节，以便行文连贯；

⒊答案必须写在答题卡相应的位置上。

Hi,Susan,

We’rethrowingasurpripartyforXiaoming’sbirthday.

参考答案

第一部分

第一节1~5DBCAB第二节6~10DCBDA11~15ACBCA16~20BACDD

第三节21~25BCADB26~30DABCA31~35BBDAD36~40CACCD

第二部分

第一节41~45DAABC46~50CDACB51~55BCDCB56~60BDADA第二节

61~65ACEFB

第三部分

第一节d

elves/

第二节

DearEditor,

I’mwritingtotellyou∧

,aswellasanimal,s

Manycountriesintheworldfindwedon’

Todealwithaproblem,Ithink,/this/that

,e/since/as

,weshouldfind83.√

waystoreuthewaterusinginwashing,

waterforwhichisquitealot,

Sincerely,

LiHua

第三节

Hi,Susan,

We’rethrowingasurpripartyforXiaoming’’dliketoinviteeyoutothe

togivehimasurpri,’llgatherattheStudents’

iday,’

comes,we’lllightthecandlesandsing“HappyBirthday”

ecakewillbecutandwe’’llbeniceto

ehowexcitedhewillbe.I’msureyou’llhaveagoodtimeattheparty,too.

Yours,

LiHua