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更新时间:2022-11-24 02:25:39 阅读: 评论:0


2022年11月24日发(作者:国土安全第六季)

管理英语4

第一单元

FiveBasicFunctionsThatMakeuptheManagementProcess

构成管理过程的五个基本功能

In1916,aFrenchcoalminedirectornamedHenriFayolwroteabookentitled

AdministrationIndustrielleetGenerale,whichtforthfivedistinctfunctionsofmanagingthat

1950's,

managementtextbooksbegantoincorporatesomeofFayol'sideasintotheircontent,andtoday,

managementcoursstillumanyofhisideastoteachmanagementtobusinessstudents.

1916年,法国煤矿公司总经理亨利·法约尔写了一本名为《工业管理与一般管理》的

书,书中提出了五种独特的管理职能,并强调这些管理职能适用于任何行业。20世纪50年

代,管理学教科书开始编入法约尔的理念,时至今日,管理学课程依然向商科学生传授他的

思想。

Plannint

requiresmanagerstobeawareofchallengesfacingtheirbusiness,andthenitrequires

enformulateobjectivesto

-evaluatetheirplansas

conditionschangeandmakeadjustmentsasnecessary.

规划包括确定公司的发展方向,并选择实现目标的各个步骤。首先它要求管理者意识到

企业面临的挑战,然后要求管理者预测未来的业务和经济状况。接着,他们制定在一定期限

前要达到的目标,并决定实现它们的步骤。随着情况的变化,他们重新评估他们的计划,必

要时进行调整。

Managersorganizebybringingtogetherphysical,humanandfinancialresourcestoachieve

entifyactivitiestobeaccomplished,classifyactivities,assignactivitiesto

groupsorindividuals,encoordinate

everythingsooperationsrunsmoothly.

管理者集中物力、人力和财力,建立组织来实现目标。他们确定要完成的活动、进行活

动分类、将活动分配给团体或个人、明确责任和分配权力。然后他们协调一切,保证项目顺

利运行。

Leadingrequiresmanagerstomotivateemployeestoachievebusinessobjectivesandgoals.

Itrequirestheuofauthoritytoachievethoendsaswellastheabilitytocommunicate

iveleaderscaninfluencetheirpersonneltoviewsituationsfromtheir

galsoinvolvessupervisionofemployeesandtheirwork.

领导要求管理者激励员工去实现业务的大小目标。这些目标的实现既需要权力的运用也

需要有效沟通的能力。有效率的领导者可以从员工的角度看待问题,从而对他们产生影响力。

领导还包括对员工及其工作进行监督。

Controllingi

requiresmanagerstobeabletoidentifysourcesofdeviationfromsuccessfulaccomplishment

requiresmanagerstobeabletoidentify

sourcesofdeviationfromsuccessfulaccomplishmentandtoprovideacorrectivecourof

action.

管理者还必须能够确定偏离成功目标的根源,并采取纠正措施

Managersfirstestablishobjectivesandgoals,thenmeasureachievements,identifyanythingthat

iskeepingthecompanyfromachievingtheirobjectivesandgoals,andprovidemeansof

correctionifnecessary.

控制涉及根据既定目标来衡量成果。它还要求管理者明确偏离成功目标的根源,并采取

纠正措施。管理者首先确定大小目标,然后衡量成果,确定会使公司不能实现其目标的任何

事项,并在必要时提供纠正方法。

Withouthumanresources,noorganizationcangetoffthegroundletalonedobusinessand

stinctfeaturesofthestaffingfunctionare:

没有人力资源,任何公司都不能顺利起步,更别说经营获利了。人员配备功能的一些明

显特点是:

•Itputstherightmanintherightjob.

•把正确的人放在正确的工作岗位上。

•oyeeskeepleavingandjoiningthecompany,theyalso

retirefromtimetotimeleavingemptyplacesinvariouspositions.

•这是一个持续的活动,因为随时有员工进出公司,也不时有员工退休,一些岗位会出

现缺员现象。

•gingpeopleisthetoughestjob,

everythingmustbeaccountedfor,leaves,payments,benefits,medicalallowancessocialcurity

accountingandmuchmore.

•效率是此功能的重中之重,因为做管理是一份艰巨的工作,事事都需要有人负责,如

请假、工资、福利、医疗津贴、社会保险等等。

下列管理行为属于管理过程中的哪个基本功能。

管理行为基本功能

rsshouldtforthincentivemeasures.

Leading

正确答案:Leading

rsshouldbeawareofchallengesandpredictfuture

conditionsinbusiness.

Planing

正确答案:Planing

rsshouldadjusttheirplanswhenconditionschange.

Planing

正确答案:Planing

rsshouldmanageemployeesincludingtheirleaves,

payments,allowancesandmuchmore.

Staffing

正确答案:Staffing

rsshouldpickoutactivitiesandputthemintodifferent

categories,thenassigntheactivitiestoteamsorindividualstaff,and

authorizethem.

Organizing

正确答案:

Organizing

rsshouldknowwhattheobstaclesarethatkeepthe

companyfromachievingitsgoals.

Controlling

正确答案:

Controlling

rsshouldmakerightmanperformhisownfunctionsin

rightposition.

Staffing

正确答案:Staffing

rsshouldpointoutarightwaytoworkforthestaff.

Controlling

正确答案:

Controlling

rsshouldsuperviemployeesandtheirwork.

Leading

正确答案:Leading

第二单元

第二单元自测

一、选择填空题(每题10分,共5题)

题目1

—____________________identifytheproblemsthathavebeenoccurring?

—Well,asyouknow,theproblemswehadwithGarycaudalotoffrictionamongtheteam.

uldyou

u

ableto

答案是C。

题目2

—Howcanyouexplainthelatestsituation?

—____________________,Iknowitisallmyfault.

me

C.I'mafraid

答案是A。

题目3

Intoday'nvironment,__________peopleareoftenburnedout,it'simportantforemployees

tohaveapersonalconnectionwithyouandtheworkyoubelievein.

答案是A。

题目4

WhenthemessagefinallyreachedtheCommandCenter,it__________“mutated”tobecome

—“Sendthreeandfour-pence,we'regoingtoadance.”

答案是B。

题目5

Whowas______themeeting?

ng

g

ng

答案是A。

题目6

—Howdidyourmeetinggoyesterday?

—____________________actually,itwasreallyfrustrating.

ood

od

gspecial

答案是A。

题目7

—Ifyoucan'tsaywhatyou'vecometosayatthemeeting,what'sthepoint?

—____________________,butIthinkyoumightneedtochangeyourapproachsomewhat.

sure

ethat

hat

答案是B。

题目8

Effectiveleadersdistillcomplexthoughtsandstrategiesintosimple,memorableterms

__________colleaguesandcustomerscangraspandactupon.

答案是B。

题目9

Whatyouneedtodoistokeepthingsshortandsweet,justthe______.

ons

ghts

答案是C。

题目10

Creativity,especially__________whichtakesplaceacrossdepartmentalboundaries,islikelyto

sufferhugelyasteamsynergyslips.

C./

答案是A。

二、完型填空(共50分)

WhatWeHaveHere:AFailuretoCommunicate

remorewaysthanevertocommunicatewithpeople,yetit

sometimesemslikeitismoredifficulttoconnect—andstay—withanyone.

Shouldyouoffanemail?Tapoutatext?PostaprivatemessageonFacebook?Write

ontheirFacebookwall?Skype,poke,pingorconjurethemuponadigitaltincanphone?

Andonceyoureachsomeone,youwonder:Ishepayingattention?Howdoyouknow?Even

withthetechno-eaofcommunicationdevices,conversationscanstillbetroublesome.

ctionsanddirectionsgohalf-read.

gsarehurt.

答案:

CommunicationFailure

沟通失败

Themeaningof“communication”ication

isaboutconceiving,nding,receiving,andinterpretingmessagesaswellasconfirming

reatanypointinthischaincanresultinineffective

communication.

沟通的含义比人们通常理解的要更深刻。沟通是关于信息的构思、传输、接收和理解,

以及确认这些信息的送达。在这个链条上的任何一个环节出现失误都会导致沟通无效。

safamousstoryofaBritishArmy

Commanderwhontthemessage“Sendreinforcements,we'regoingtoadvance.”backtohis

CommandCenter,emessagefinallyreachedthe

CommandCenter,ithadbecome---“Sendthreeandfour-pence,we'regoingtoadance.”The

reinforcementsneverarrived.

无效沟通可能带来严重的损失。有个很著名的关于一位英国陆军司令的故事,他通过多

级下属向他的指挥中心发出消息“请派援军,我们的部队要往前推进”。当这条消息最终传到

指挥中心的时候,变成了“送三四便士来,我们要去跳舞”。援军始终没有到达。

Youcandemonstratethissameprinciple,albeitonalessdramaticscale,bytryingtoplay

ghlyunlikelythesamemessageyoustarted

withwillbetheoneyouendwith.

通过和20多人玩中国耳语游戏,你可以证明同样的道理,尽管后果没有那么严重。游

戏开始时传递的信息几乎不可能和游戏结束时得到的信息相同。

Inabusiness,sitsown

indicativesigns.

在商业活动中,有三类主要的沟通失败。每一类都有独特的指示标志。

curswhenafirmisnotgatheringenough

intelligenceaboutitsmarketor(mostoften),

ndisrisingbutthe

firmissufferingfromallocativecommunicationfailure,thenstockswillfallandtherewillbe

nverhappens,therewillbeasurplusofstocksandoverstaffing.

第一类被称作资源配置失败。当一个公司没有得到足够的市场情报(大多数情况下是这

样),或者这些情报没有被送到正确的地方时,这种失败就会发生。公司在配置资源时,跟

不上需求的变化。如果需求持续增加而公司正经历资源配置沟通方面的失误,那么库存将下

降并且出现人手不足的状况。如果相反的情况发生,将会出现库存增加和人员过剩的情况。

Thecondtypeixecutivefailure,wherecommunicationtotriggerspecificevents/actions

iitherlate,ptomsofthisareagenerallossofdirectioninthe

companyordepartments,alossofco-ordinationandanincreaincomplaintsfromcustomers

asthingshappenlateornotatall.

第二种类型是执行层面的失败。这种失败是指激励具体事项或行动的沟通要么来得太

迟,要么缺失,要么是错误的。出现这类失败的情形表现为,公司或多个部门普遍失去了发

展方向和缺少合作,由于反应迟缓或完全没有反应,造成越来越多的客户投诉。

curswhenthegeneralcultureofabusinessorthe

relationshipsbetweenparticularindividualsordepartmentsdonotfostereffective

adstoalienatedstaff,anincreainstaffturnover,anincreain

vity,especiallythatwhichtakesplace

acrossdepartmentalboundaries,islikelytosufferhugelyasteamsynergyslips.

最后一种类型是人事层面的失败。当一个企业的总体文化,或是特定个人或部门之间的

关系不能增进有效沟通的时候,这种失败就会发生。这会导致员工离心离德,增加员工更替

率,助长旷工现象,也会在员工中造成普遍的挫败感。创造力,尤其是跨越部门界限体现出

的创造力,可能由于团队协作能力的下降而受到很大冲击。

mingreceptionofthentmessagesmeans___A____.

sagesarenttotherightreceivers.

sagesarecorrectlyunderstood.

sagesarecorrectlywritten.

amousBritishArmyCommanderstory,itwasprobablyatthestepof___A__that

wentwronginthecommunicationchain.

ng

g

ving

eWhispersis___B___./ChineWhispersis.

nwhowhispersinChine

opassmessagearoundinawhisper

tthatChinepeoplewhodon'tnormallytalkveryloudly

tivefailuredoesNOThappenwhen___A___.

htinformationgoestotherightplace

nygathersfalinformation

rectinformationisnotreceivedbytherightperson

fthefollowingcasbelongstohumanfailure?C

singcustomercomplaints.

tecommunicationbetweendepartments.

singcreativityacrossdepartments.

ingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcasdoesNOTbelongtohumanfailure?C

singcreativityacrossdepartments.

uatecommunicationbetweendepartments.

singcustomercomplaints.

第三单元

第三单元自测

一、选择填空题(每题10分,共5题)

题目1

—IamsorryforwhatIhavesaidtoyou.

—_____________

lem.

B.I'msureaboutthat.

'tthinkanymoreaboutit.

答案是C。

题目2

—_____________

—I'dliketohavethisfilmdeveloped.

'sit?

lpyou?

youwant?

答案是B。

题目3

Howdoyougetyourmembersto______asateam?

art

gether

答案是C。

题目4

Theteamcreatesanenvironment______peoplearecomfortableincommunicating,

advocatingpositions,andtakingaction.

h

答案是C。

题目5

IbelievethatIhavealottocontribute______ateamenvironment,andamcomfortablein

bothleadershipandplayerroles.

答案是A。

题目6

—CouldIborrowyouriPadforafewhours?

—_____________

,youcan.

,ourtime.

n'tmatter.

答案是B。

题目7

—,plea?

—_____________

,noway.

,Ican't.

can'ofinishmyprojectrightnow.

答案是C。

题目8

IfItakethetimetotalkwithmymanageratthebeginningofaproject,we______offtoa

greatstartonthesamepage.

t

答案是A。

题目9

Ihavebeenveryluckytohavehad______managersduringmycareersofar.

ic

le

ying

题目10

Themajorityoftheteamchallenges______anywhere.

iver

ivered

elivered

答案是C。

TipsforTeamBuilding

团队建设的忠告

Whenyouthinkofteambuilding,doyouimmediatelypictureyourgroupoffat

aresortplayinggamesorhangingfromropes?Traditionally,manyorganizations

approachteambuildinginthiswaybut,then,theywonderwhythatwonderfuln

ofteamworkthathadbeendisplayedattheretreatortheminarfailstoimpact

longtermbeliefsandactionsbackatwork.

想到团队建设,你是否会马上想到你的团体在度假场所玩游戏或者荡秋千的

场景?很多机构通常用这种方式进行团队建设,但是,他们也在思考:为什么在

度假胜地或者研讨会上展现出的良好的团队意识,在回到工作中之后就难以持续

影响员工的信念与行动呢?

I'mnotavertoretreats,planningssions,minarsandteambuilding

activities—infactIleadthem—buttheyhavetoformpartofamuchlarger

lnotbuildteamworkby“retreating”asagroupforacouple

ofdayachyear,insteadyouneedtothinkofteambuildingassomethingyoudo

everysingleday.

我不反对休养、规划会议、研讨会和团队建设活动——事实上,我牵头进行

这些活动——但是它们必须成为一个更大的团队合作活动的一部分。团队建设不

可能通过每年几天的“休养”达成,相反,你需要把团队建设当成每天的“必修课”。

•Formteamstosolverealworkissuesandtoimproverealworkprocess.

Providetraininginsystematicmethodssotheteamexpendsitnergyontheproject,

notontryingtoworkouthowtoworktogetherasateamtoapproachtheproblem.

·组建团队去解决真实的工作难题,推进工作进程。提供系统训练方法,让

团队把精力花到项目上,而不是探索以团队的形式解决问题的方式方法本身。

•Holddepartmentmeetingstoreviewprojectsandprogress,toobtainbroad

input,eisfrictionbetweenteam

members,examinetheworkprocesstheymutuallyown—theproblemisnot

usuallytheirpersonalities;instead,itisoftenthefactthattheteammembershaven't

agreedonhowtheywilldeliveraproductorrvice,orthestepsrequiredtoget

somethingdone.

·召开部门会议审查项目进展情况,争取广泛投入,协调共同的工作流程。

假如团队成员间出现了摩擦,就需要审视他们共享的工作程序,因为问题通常不

源自他们的不同个性;然而,事实往往是,组员没有在如何提供产品或服务上达

成共识,或者在完成任务所需步骤上意见不合。

•Buildfunandsharedoccasionsintotheorganization'sagenda—hold

potlucklunches,taketheteamtoasportingevent,sponsordinnersatalocal

restaurant,onthlycompanymeeting,

sponsorsportsteamsandencouragecheeringteamfans.

·公司日程中应有趣味活动、快乐分享等活动安排,如举行百乐午餐,带领

团队参加运动会,在当地餐厅举办赞助晚餐,组织远足或者游园活动。举行每月

一次的公司会议,赞助运动队,鼓励拉拉队的球迷。

•Uicebreakersandteamworkexercisatmeetings—thehelpteam

membersgettoknoweachother,sharedetailsabouteachotherslives,andhavea

laughtogether.

·在会议中开展破冰活动和团队练习——这些能帮助团队成员彼此认识,分享

彼此的生活细节,共同欢笑。

•remanywaysyoucoulddothis,for

instancebybuyingeveryonethesameT-shirtorhat,puttingteammembernamesin

ythinglimitingyouis

yourimagination.

·公开庆祝团队的成功。做这件事可以有很多方式,例如,给每人都买相同

的T恤衫或者帽子,或者用团队成员姓名抽奖,赢取公司产品和礼券。限制你的

唯一的东西就是你的想象力。

Ifyoudothetypesofteamworkbuildinglistedabove,you'llbeamazedatthe

progressyouwillmakeincreatingateamworkculture,aculturethatenables

individualstocontributemorethantheyeverthoughtpossible—together.

如果你按照上面列举的方式去建设团队,你会为你在构建团队文化中所取得

的进步而感到震惊,这种文化能使个人做出多于过去的贡献。

题目一:英译汉。

partmentmeetingstoreviewprojectsandprogress,toobtainbroadinput,

andtocoordinatesharedworkprocess.

组织部门会议,审核项目进程,获取充分的信息,协调共享工作流程。

onthlycompanymeeting,sponsorsportsteamsandencouragecheering

teamfans.

组织月度会议,赞助运动队,支持啦啦队。

breakersandteamworkexercisatmeetings.

会上,可以进行破冰活动和团队练习。

remanywaysyoucoulddothis,forinstancebybuyingeveryonethesame

T-shirtorhat,puttingteammembernamesinadrawforcompanymerchandiand

giftcertificates.

做这件事可以有很多方式,例如,给每个人都买相同的T恤衫或者帽子,或用团

队成员的名字来抽奖,赢取公司产品和礼券。

'llbeamazedattheprogressyouwillmakeincreatingateamworkculture,a

culturethatenablesindividualstocontributemorethantheyeverthoughtpossible

—together.

你会为你在构建团队文化中所取得的进步而感到震惊,这种文化可以激发大家一

起做出超乎想象的更大贡献。

题目二:判断正误。(正确选T,错误选F。)

ildingeventistraditionallyrelatedtoplayinggamesatresort.

horclaimsthatplayinggamestogetherisasimportantasformteamsto

solverealworkissuesandtoimproverealworkprocessforteambuilding.

3.“Retreat”inthefirstparagraphmeanswithdrawaloftroopsafteradefeat.

akingmotivatesteammemberscompetewitheachother.

eamworkcultureenablesindividualsmakemoreeffortstogether.

答案:1.T2.F3.F4.F5.T

ATeamworkGame

团队游戏

re

ayoung,r,oneoftheirchiefproblemswasthefactthat

theywouldn'tshareinformationorsolutionswitheachother,andtheteamleaderthoughtthey

ult,shebroughtthemallintothe

hetablesandchairshadbeenstoredaway,andfundecorationsandhundredsof

differentcoloredballoonshadbeenplacedaroundtheroom.

一个约35名员工的团队聚集在一起进行团队建设活动。他们是一个年轻、聪明和热情

的团队。但是,他们的一个主要问题就是他们不会彼此分享信息或解决方案,团队领导也认

为他们太关注自己,而不是整个团队。结果,她把他们全都带进了自助餐厅。所有的桌椅都

被收了起来,房间内布满了有趣的装饰和数百个五颜六色的气球。

Inthecenteroftheroomwasabigboxofballoonsthathadn'

teamleaderinstructedeverybodytopickaballoon,blowitup,andwritetheirnameonit,but

ghtheyweregivenacondchanceiftheir

firstballoonpopped,nd,about30

rethenaskedtoleave

theroomand,afterfiveminutes,theteamleaderbroughtthembackinandaskedthemtofind

thebal15

minutesofarching,noonehadfoundtheirballoon,andtheteamweretoldthattheywere

thengoingtomoveontothethirdroundoftheactivity.

房子中间放着一大箱尚未充气的气球。队长指示大家挑一个气球,吹起来,写下他

们的名字,但是他们必须小心,不要弄炸气球。尽管第一次他们的气球炸掉了,他们还有一

次机会,但是如果他们的气球再爆掉,他们就得出局。最后,大约有30名队员写了他们的

名字,气球也没有炸掉。随后,他们被要求离开房间,五分钟后,团队领导带他们回来,并

要求他们在房间里的数百个气球中找到写着自己名字的气球。经过15分钟的寻找,没有人

找到自己的气球,接下来团队被告知,他们将进入第三轮活动。

Inthisround,eachteammemberwasinstructedtofindanyballoonwithanameonit

twominutes,everybody

mleadersummarizedtheactivitythus:“Wearemuchmore

efficientwhenwearewillingtosharewitheachotherandmuchbetteratproblemsolvingwhen

weareworkingtogether,notindividually.”

在这轮中,每个队员被指示寻找任何一个写有名字的气球,然后把这个气球送给相应的

人。两分钟后,每个人都拿到了自己的气球。团队领导这样总结活动的意义:“当我们愿意

相互分享时,我们的工作效率会更高;当我们一起工作而不是单打独斗时,问题也会解决得

更加顺利。”

Sometimes,membersofteamscreateobstaclesbyfocusingsolelyontheirown

emberoftheteamshouldaskthemlvesonaregularbasiswhat

theyaredoingandwhattheycandofortheteam.

有时,当团队成员只关注自己的追求与目标时,反而会给自己制造障碍。团队的每

个成员都应该定期问自己在做什么,以及他们能为团队做些什么。

题目一:根据文章内容,判定下列陈述是否正确。

StatementsTF

35employeeswhohadcometogetherforateambuildingevent

wereyoung,smartandpassionate.

the35employeesweregoodsolutionsharersandknewwell

aboutteamwork.

ceofthisteambuildingeventwasnotanormalcafeteria.

eremanyfilledballoonsinthecafeteria.

employeesattendingtheteambuildingeventhadtwochances

alloonblastedtwice,theyfailed.

econdround,theemployeesonlyfocudonfindingouttheir

ownballoons,soonlyfewofthemfoundballoonswiththeirnames.

hirdround,theemployeeswererequiredtosharethename

informationoneachballoontheygot.

ingtothesummaryaddresdbytheteamleader,the

conclusion“everybody'sbusinessisnobody'sbusiness”couldbedrawn.

mesitissuccess-hinderingthatyoudonotsharewhenyou

workinateam.

答案是:TFTFTFTFT

题目二:通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案。

ambuildingeventwasaimedat(B)

gtheyoung,brightandenthusiasticemployeesbecomemore

concentratedontheirwork

theteammembersknowhowtoshareinformationorsolutionsand

cooperatewitheachother

ngupteammorale

entwasheldin(A)

-rvicerestaurant

eshop

room

owmanyteammemberswereoutofthecondroundofthe

activity?(C)

A.30.

B.35.

C.5.

tatementbelowiscorrect?(C)

econdround,everyoneoftheteamhadfoundtheirballoonsafter15

minutes.

hirdround,theteammemberswereaskedthemtofindtheballoonwith

theirnameonitamongstthehundredsofotherballoonsintheroom.

hirdround,everybodyhadtheirownballoonwithhelpfromothers

within2minutes.

stheeventgoingtoteachtheemployees?(A)

gandcooperatingwithotherteammembersismoreefficientwhenthey

areworkingtogether.

ngsolelyonemployees'ownpursuitsisnotallowedinworkplace.

eofteamworkiscaudbyindividual.

答案:1.B2.A3.C4.C5.A

第四单元

(Scott,themanageroftheHRDepartment,isdiscussingstaffmotivationwith

Helen.)

(人力资源部经理斯科特正在和海伦讨论激励员工的事。)

Scott:dtotalktoyouabouthowwecouldmotivateour

staffinthebusinessintelligenceteam.

斯科特:你好,海伦,请坐。我想和你谈谈如何能够激励我们商业情报团队中的

员工。

Helen:That'salsowhatIamconcernedabout.

海伦:这也正是我所关心的。

Scott:Youknow,thesalesteamsgetabonuverythreemonthsiftheyhittheir

businessintelligenceteamdoallthis

workgatheringufulinformationonthemarket,andtheydon'thaveanybonus

orincentives.

斯科特:你知道,如果销售团队实现销售目标,那么按照他们自己的激励机制每

三个月就会获得奖金。但是,商业情报小组在市场上收集有用的信息,并没有任

何奖金或奖励。

Helen:You'averygoodjobandtheydefinitelyhelpthesalesteams

'realsoundergreatpressure.

海伦:你说得对。他们做得很好,无疑对销售团队帮助很大。他们也承受了很大

的压力。

Scott:'youthinkifwe

introducesomethinglikean“employeeofthemonth”competition?

斯科特:是的,这就是为什么我们需要鼓励他们。如果我们引进像“本月好员工”

这类竞赛,你觉得怎么样?

Helen:Howdoesitwork?

海伦:怎么运作呢?

Scott:Perhapsmanagersinthedepartmentsthatworkalongsidebusiness

you

think?

斯科特:或许可以由商业情报部门管理人员投票决定谁对别人贡献最大。你觉得

如何?

Helen:Well,Ithink,ifyougetmanagerstovoteonthat,itmightjustturninto“who's

themostpopular”.Weneedtolookattheiractualperformance—howmuchthey

havedoneandhowwelltheyhavedoneitandrewardthem.

海伦:嗯,我想,如果你让经理投票,那可能只会变成“最受欢迎的人”。我们需

要看看他们的实际表现——他们做了多少、做得多好,再奖励他们。

Scott:Yep,buthow?Shouldtheyberewardedwithmoneylikeextrapayorabonus,

orshouldtheyberewardedbybeinginvitedtospecialeventsorfunactivities?

斯科特:是的,但是怎么实现?他们应该得到额外的工资或奖金的奖励,还是应

该被邀请参加专项活动或趣味节目?

Helen:ouldbeapayincentive

everythreemonthsdependingonhowwelltheyhavedonetheirjoblikethesales

,

youthink?

海伦:我想我们可以结合两者。就像销售团队,根据工作表现,每三个月可能会

有薪酬激励。然后,他们也可以每年有一两次特别的娱乐活动。你怎么想?

Scott:,utthis?Youcomeupwithanideafor

thefundayoutactivities,andI'lllookintothepayrewards.I'llneedtotalktohuman

resourcesaboutthisfortheiragreement.

斯科特:我喜欢这个想法。那海伦,这样如何?你去考虑下“好玩一日游”的活动,

我去研究下薪水奖励。我需要和人力资源部谈谈,得到他们的同意。

Helen:OK.

海伦:好的。

HowGoogleContinuestoKeepEmployeesHappy

谷歌如何一直让员工开心

WorkingforGoogleisadreamofmany,notjustbecauofwhatthiscompany

hasachievedinthelast15years,butbecauofits

out37,000employeesin40countries,youmight

wonderhowGooglemaintainsamotivatingworkexperiencethroughoutitntire

company.

到谷歌工作是很多人的梦想,不仅仅是因为这个公司在过去15年所取得的

成就,还因为那里有令人羡慕的企业文化。谷歌在40个国家拥有约3.7万名员

工,您可能会想知道它如何在整个公司维持积极的工作体验。

WorkingforGooglecomeswithperksthatmostotherorganizationscan'tprovide

—bowlingalleys,freehaircuts,gymmemberships,andshuttlestoandfromwork.

Thecompany'screttosuccessisputtingthesameamountoftimeandeffortinto

keepingemployeeshappyasitdoesintoinnovatingproducts.

在谷歌工作有大多数其他机构不能提供的待遇——保龄球馆、免费理发、健

身房会员和往返于公司的班车。谷歌公司成功的秘诀在于,在保持员工幸福感和

产品创新方面,它投入了同样多的时间与精力。

Backwhenthecompanywasjustastart-up,co-foundersLarryPageandSergey

BrinhadthegoalofmakingGoogleaplacethemosttalentedpeoplewantedtowork

deawassimple:creatingaworkculturethatkeepmployeeshappy,will

motivatethemtodotheirbest,andwillkeepthemloyaltothecompany.

公司刚创立的时候,共同创始人拉里·佩奇和赛吉·布林就设定了一个目标:

要让谷歌成为最杰出的人才想为之效力的地方。他们的想法很简单:创造一种可

以让员工保持快乐的工作文化,激励他们尽最大努力保持对公司的忠诚度。

“It'slessabouttheaspirationtobeNo.1intheworld,andmorethatwewant

ouremployeesandfutureonestoloveithere,becauthat'swhat'sgoingtomake

ussuccessful,”saidKarenMay,theVicePresidentofPeopleDevelopmentatGoogle.

谷歌人力发展副总裁凯伦·梅说:“与其说我们想力争成为世界第一强,不如

说我们想让我们现在和未来的员工都爱上这里。因为只有这样,才能使我们成

功。”

Googlealsomakesitmployeeswanttoworkbecaumanagersprovidetasks

mployeeatGooglehastheopportunityto

spend20%eedomtakes

employeesoutoftheirroutineandawayfromthemundanetasksthatoftenmake

workersfeeluninspiredabouttheirjobs.

谷歌员工有热情,因为管理人员提供了令人振奋和充满挑战的任务。谷歌的

每个员工都有机会把20%的工作时间花费到自选项目上。这样的自由可以使员工

不用循规蹈矩,从单调乏味、毫无工作激情的任务中解脱出来。

Lastly,Googleshowachemployeejusthowimportantheorsheistothe

ployee,regardlessofhis/herspotonthe

totempole,hasaninfluenceonhowGoogleperforms.

最后,谷歌向每位员工表明,他(她)对公司很重要。每一个人,无论他(她)

在什么岗位,都对谷歌的运营产生影响。

“Ifyouvaluepeople,andcareaboutthemaswholepeople,onethingyoudois

givethemavoice,andyoureallylisten,”Maysaid.

“如果你重视人才,把他们当作一个健全的人格来关心,你所要做的事就是

给他们一个发声的机会,而你要认真地听”,梅说。

GoogledoesjustthatbyhostingemployeeforumveryFriday,wherethey

eeshaveaccesstoallcompany

information,addinganoftrust,andemployeesandleadersworktogetherto

solveproblems.

谷歌是通过每周五都举办员工论坛做到这点的,论坛上大家会讨论最常问的

20个问题。员工可以获悉公司的所有信息,从而增加对公司的信任,使员工和

领导能携手解决问题。

根据文章内容,为下面几个问题选择正确的答案。

1WhatkindofcompanyisGoogle?_________

m-sizedinternationalcompany.

globalenterpri.

Americancompany.

答案是B。

2HowdoesGooglemotivateitmployees?_________

ingafriendlyworkcultureinthecompany.

tingtheemployeestohigherjobpositions.

ngentertainingequipmentintheemployees'office.

答案是A。

3WhofoundedGoogle?_________

ageandSergeyBrin.

ay.

Brin.

答案是A。

4Googleemployeeshavethefreedomto_________.

totempolewiththeircolleagues

ertaintimeontheirchonprojects

wlingwiththeircolleaguesatwork

答案是B。

5WhatisGoogle'screttosuccess?_________

agingamongemployeestheaspirationtobeNo.1intheworld.

highsalarytotheemployeesandpracticingstrictmanagement.

gthehappinessofitmployeesasmuchasinnovatinggoodproducts.

答案是C。

ldyoudescribeGoogle?

-sizedinternationalcompany

lobalenterpris

mericancompany

答案是B。

nedoesNOTbelongtothemethodsthatGooglemotivateits

employees?

ingtheemployeewhohasmoreinfluenceonGooglethehigherjob

position.

ingtheemployeesbetweenhomeandoffice.

ngentertainingequipmentinworkplace.

答案是A。

ndedGoogle?

ageandSergeyBrin

ay

Brin

答案是A。

reanormalemployeeofGoogle,whatcouldyoudoEXCEPT?

linformationofGoogleanddiscussquestionswithyourleaders.

rkfortheprojectyouchoo.

wlingwithyourcolleaguesandgetawayfrommundaneerrands.

答案是B。

Google'screttosuccess?

tinghi-techproducts.

highsalarytotheemployeesandpracticingstrictmanagement.

gthehappinessofitmployeesasmuchasinnovatinggood

products.

答案是C。

英译汉。

1WorkingforGooglecomeswithperksthatmostotherorganizationscan't

provide—bowlingalleys,freehaircuts,gymmemberships,andshuttlestoandfrom

work.

在谷歌公司工作,可以获得其他公司不能提供的诸多福利:保龄球馆,免费

理发,健身会员卡,班车。

2Creatingaworkculturethatkeepmployeeshappywillmotivatethemtodo

theirbestandwillkeepthemloyaltothecompany.

打造能够让员工开心工作的文化氛围,可以激发他们努力工作,并坚持忠于

公司。

3Googlealsomakesitmployeeswanttoworkbecaumanagersprovide

tasksthatareinspiringandchallenging.

谷歌公司能够保持员工工作欲望,因为管理人员能给他们提供鼓舞人心、有

挑战性的任务。

4Thisfreedomtakemployeesoutoftheirroutineandawayfromthe

mundanetasksthatoftenmakeworkersfeeluninspiredabouttheirjobs.

这样的自由可以使员工不用循规蹈矩,从单调乏味、毫无工作激情的任务中

解脱出来。

5Ifyouvaluepeople,andcareaboutthemaswholepeople,onethingyoudois

givethemavoice,andyoureallylisten.

如果你重视员工、尊重他们的完整人格,就给他们发言的机会,并认真倾听。

阅读范文分析重要信息,并判断正误。

Sample1

Mydreamjobinvolvesanextensiveamountofteamwork,suchasregular

hatthisjobemphasizescommunication

iousjobwas50%

teamprojects,andIamexcitedtocontinuethatkindofteamworkandopen

communicationhere.

Sample2

Mydreamjobwouldallowmetodevelopwebcontentforavarietyof

ettingtoknowdifferentclients,anddevelopingcontenttosuit

mple,inmylastjob,Iworkedforclientsinindustries

rangingfromhealthcaretoeducation,andreceivedpraiformyworkwithavariety

hatthisjobwouldallowmetoworkwitharangeofclients.

InformationMentioned(T)Not(F)

rstaffmeetingsandgroupprojects

communication

ingnesstotakepartinteamwork

tentdevelopment

perienceincookery

fromdifferentcompanies

gwithdifferentclients

答案是TFFTFTT

填写所需信息,仿写作文。

“What'syourdreamjob?”llikelyfocuson

figuringoutwhetherornotyouhavetherightskillstobesuccessfulinthejoband

whatwillmotivateyoutoperformthejob.

JobProfile

ListofDreamJob:

acustomerrvicejob

PublicRelationsDirector

AccountExecutive

ajobwithanon-profitenvironmentalorganization

ResponsibilitiesandSkills:

haveahighlevelofinteractionwithcustomers

enjoysolvingproblems,ormediatingconflicts

thriveunderpressure

a“peopleperson”wholikestoengagewithclientsorwiththelarger

community

MyDreamJob

阅读“JobProfile”后,以“MyDreamJob”写一篇文章,描述一下你自己的

理想工作,写完后,你可以通大家分享一下哦!

Mydreamistobecomeacustomerrvicereprentative,becauIam

outgoingandgoodatcommunicatingwithpeople,andIhaverichcontactsand

reallybecomeacustomerrvice

reprentativeinthefuture,IbelieveIcanbringmycustomerssatisfactoryrvice

andfeelings

第四单元自测

一、选择填空题

题目1

—You'asktheteamandlisten.

—__________

right.

,wecan'tdothat.

itwillkillourtime.

答案是A。

题目2

—__________

—Youmightaswellwriteathanks-note.

ouliketherewards?

youdowiththerewards?

ousuggestsomewaysoftherewards?

答案是C。

题目3

Learningnewthingshasalwaysbeenagreat______forme.

tor

te

tion

答案是A。

题目4

Self-esteemneedsmightincludethe______fromaworkplace.

s

ed

ed

答案是A。

题目5

thegame,_________.

r

ore

答案是A.

题目6

—CanIgetyouacoupleoftea?

—_________________________.

'sveryniceofyou

easure

,plea

答案是A.

题目7

—DoyoumindifIuvoucherstospendinarestaurant?

—__________

,plea.

d.

,thankyou.

答案是B。

题目8

______thejob,employersdon'twanttohirepeoplewhoaredifficulttoget

alongwith.

eof

less

lessof

答案是C。

题目9

Fifty-fivepercentoftherespondentssaidthatpraiandattentionfromtheir

supervisorwouldmakethemfeel______thecompanycaredaboutthemandtheir

well-being.

答案是A。

题目10

Anappreciatedgiftandthegestureofprovidingitwill______yourcoworker's

day.

p

答案是B。

二、阅读理解:根据文章内容,判断正误(共50分)。

TheRightWaytoMotivateEmployees

It'simportantforaCEOtobepassionateandenthusiastic,butthere'saline

ofprofessionalismthatmustalwaysbemaintained.

AccordingtoareportfromthetechnologywebsiteVentureBeat,PayPal

CEODavidMarcuswroteacriticallettertohimployeesblamingthemfornotusing

PayPalproductsandencouragingthemtoleaveiftheydidn'thavethepassiontou

theproductstheyworkfor.

Accordingtothewebsite,partoftheleakedletterreads:

“It'sbeenbroughttomyattentionthatwhentestingpayingwithmobileat

Cafe17lastweek,someofyourefudtoinstallthePayPalapp,andothersdidn't

'sunacceptabletome,andtherestof

myteam,'sthe

onlywaywecanmakethembetter,andbetter.”

“Inclosing,ifyouareoneofthefolkswhorefudtoinstallthePayPalapp

orifyoucan'trememberyourPayPalpassword,doyourlfafavor,goandfind

somethingthatwillconnectwithyourheartandmindelwhere.”

Whilenotobviousatfirst,theletterrevealsaproblemofmoraleand

ecutive,youcertainlywantyouremployeestouand

r,whenfacedwithasituationwherestaffisn't

embracingwhattheymake,youneedtoinvestigatetherootoftheproblem--not

threaten.

Whenfacedwithinternalproblems,goodexecutivesstartbyasking“why”.They

reachouttotheirexecutiveteamfirstandthentotheentirestafftofindtherootof

goutaone-sidednoteabouttheproblemisnot

leading,it'sretreating.

ecutivesneedtogetoutamongthe

tthat

companyemployeesarenotembracingandusingitsproductsisafailureof

ndoftheday,if

himployeeshavetobeforcedtoutheapp,howcanheexpectconsumersto

wanttowillinglypaytouit?Marcusshouldhavefocudonthreequestions:

•Whyareyounotusingtheapp?

•Whatisitthatwecandotoensureyouuourapp?

•Whatdoyouneedfromme?

操作提示:正确选T,错误选F。

lyneedstobepassionateandenthusiastic.

tprofessionalthatPayPalCEOblameshimployeesnottouPayPal

orforgetPayPalpasswords.

3.“Aone-sidednote”referstotherootofPayPal'sproblem.

cedwithinternalproblems,goodexecutivesfindtherootofa

problemintheirexecutiveteamfirst.

ecutivesneedtogivefeedbackimmediatelywhentheyarelistening

tothestaff.

答案:1.F2.T3.F4.T5.F

第五单元

一、选择填空题

题目1

—DoyouknowwhereIcanrepairmymotorcar?

—____________

'scheaptorepairamotorcar.

thestreetcorner.

vetoofasttodamageit.

答案是B。

题目2

—IthinkIhavemadeagreatmistake.

—____________

'llymadeanerror.

''sreallyterrible.

''snotyourfault.

答案是C。

题目3

Theworkmenwantto________thenumberofworkinghoursandtoincrea

pay.

s

答案是B。

题目4

Theyhavecometotheconclusion________thiswinterwillbeevencolderthan

before.

答案是A。

题目5

Myleathershoescostme________thelastpairsIbought.

imesas

imeas

imesasmuchas

答案是C。

题目6

—Over-the-top?Youmean…

—____________

,sometimesyourco-workersfeelthatyouaretooloud.

,Idon't.

alot.

答案是C。

题目7

—Whydidn'tyoucometomybirthdaypartyyesterday?

—____________

me,myfriendntmeaflower.

,butmywifehadacaraccident.

,Inevergotobirthdayparties.

答案是B。

题目8

Withouthisassistance,I________therearchlastmonth.

othavecompleted

otfinish

notfinish

答案是A。

题目9

Lindawalkedatthehead,________byhercolleagues.

ed

ing

ow

答案是A。

题目10

Pleaaskthesolicitorwhathis________wouldbetotakethecatocourt.

答案是B。

二、阅读理解:根据文章内容,判断正误(共50分)。

PerformanceManagementandPerformanceAppraisal

绩效管理和绩效评估

Performancemanagementaimstoacknowledgeemployeeachievements,

supporttheirpersonalandprofessionaldevelopment,andmotivateandempower

mancemanagementhelps

employeestodeveloptheirunderstanding,knowledgeandskillssothattheycan

contributetotheachievementoftheenterpri'sgoalsandgainpersonalandjob

italpartofanyqualityhumanresourcesystem.

绩效管理的目的在于:肯定雇员的成绩,帮助他们实现个人成长及职业发展,

激励他们并使他们能够更加有效地完成工作。绩效管理旨在帮助员工提高认知水

平、专业知识和技能,以便他们在努力实现企业目标的同时,增强对自身和职业

的满意度。这是任何有效的人力资源管理制度的重要组成部分。

Everyenterpriwantsandshouldexpecthighperformancefromeach

mentsofacompetency-badperformancemanagementsystem

will,ifimplementedwell,enablehighperformancewhichwilldefineenterpriand

erformancemanagementprocess,anenterpricanbe

doneby:

每个企业都需要也期待每一个员工有优异的表现。如果基于能力评定的绩效

管理制度的各项指标得以有效实施,就可以确保高效能,这意味着企业和员工共

同获得成功。通过绩效管理手段,企业将更能应付有竞争力的挑战。这可以通过

以下措施得以实现:

●identifyingthecriticalpositions

•找出核心岗位;

●determiningthemostimportantcompetenciesforthoposition

•确定这些岗位所需的关键能力;

●providingtheeducation,trainingandfeedbackrequiredbyemployees

•提供员工要求的教育、培训和反馈;

●holdingeachpersonaccountablefortheirresults

•使每个人各尽其责。

Thekeytotheperformancemanagementprocessis‘performance

appraisal'.Performanceappraisalissimplyanevaluationofhowwellanemployee

systematicprocessoffeedbackonanemployee'sworkperformance,andagreement

tofuturetrainingplans,jobgoalsandjobaspirations.

绩效管理过程的关键是“绩效评估”。绩效评估,简单地说,就是对照一系

列既定的标准来评价员工的工作表现。它是对员工工作表现的系统反馈,也是确

定未来培训安排、工作目标和工作预期的依据。

Tobeeffective,aperformanceappraisalneedstohaveatofagreed

cf

competencyprovideaveryeffectivetoolforttingbenchmarksorcriteriaforwork

formancecriteriawithinunitsofcompetencycanbeudas

measurestoasssagainstinaperformanceappraisalorreview.

为了更加有效,绩效评估需要设定一套一致的标准,作为确定评价反馈和工

作目标的依据。工作绩效的标准或要求是按人的各项能力来设定的。这样的业绩

标准可以在绩效评估和评议时作为标尺来衡量。

操作提示:正确选T,错误选F。

mancemanagementisaveryimportantpartofanyqualityhuman

resourcesystem.

ofperformancemanagementistopunishtheunqualifiedemployees.

rpricanbebetterplacedtomeetcompetitivechallengesby

providingtheeducation,trainingandfeedbackrequiredbyemployees,forexample.

nterpricanexpecthighperformancefromeachemployee.

5.“Performancemanagement”isalsocalled“performanceappraisal”.

答案:1.T2.F3.T4.F5.F

选词填空,熟悉绩效评估中的常用词汇。

Motivateempowerelementsimplementcompetencystandardcriteria

benchmark

ditionallessonsmightgetyouuptothedemandedbythe

examiners.

正确答案:standard

ess,thenextpresidentwill”policiesandtakecreditforhelping

thisinevitabletransformation.

正确答案:implement

ofthechurchencompasswhichdemonstratethe

relationbetweenEasternandWesternChristianArt.

正确答案:elements

ryandbusinessleadersthatembodythisprincipaltheirteam

andearnrespect.

正确答案:empower

'veearnedthatrightovertheyearsandtthefortherestofus.

正确答案:benchmark

othyoungandoldtofindcreativesolutions,practicenew

skills,andkeeptheirbrainsactive.

正确答案:Motivate

ureeachjob,dfourcore:pay,outlook,

workenvironment,andstress.

正确答案:criteria

oolispushingtheboundsofblendedlearningwithaFlexmodelthat

is-bad.

正确答案:competency

二、阅读理解:根据文章内容,完成选择题(共50分)。

HowtoHandleaBadPerformanceReview

如何面对不佳的绩效考核结果?

Gettingabadperformancereviewcanmakeyoufeelangry,unappreciated,

defeated,'erthattheway

you

believethatthereviewisinaccurateandthatyourbossiscompletelywrong,youwill

benefitbyreactinginamature,esomesuggestions:

绩效考核的成绩欠佳可能会让你感到愤怒、不被认可、挫败和丧失希望。但

这并不是世界末日。要记住,你对这次绩效考核结果的反应,会大大影响你下次

的考核结果。即使你认定考评结果不准确,或者你的老板完全错了,如果你通过

成熟的、成年人的方式去应对,你将受益匪浅。

ally,do

s,thepersongivingthe

performancereviewmayormaynotbetheonewhohaswrittenthebadreview.

镇定下来,放松,深呼吸。持客观态度,不要反应过度。特别是,不要说你

之后会后悔的话。另外,拿给你这份考评结果的人可能并不是写下这份考评的人。

WhattoDoWhenReceivingaBadPerformanceReview

收到成绩欠佳的考评结果时该怎么做

It'ecommentsorremarksonlywhen

s,duringtheperformancereview,youwillbegiventhe

chancetorespondandmaydisagree.

最好的做法是认真聆听。只在需要你回应时,你才反馈你的看法和意见。

另外,在进行绩效考评时,你会有机会回应,甚至提出异议。

WhattoDoAfterReceivingaBadPerformanceReview

收到成绩欠佳的考评结果以后该怎么做

Don'tbeintimidatedbythebadperformancereviewandwanttoquitthe

job;instead,,iftheorganizationallowstheiremployeestomakea

writtenstatementontheirownbehalf,portantfortheworkerto

showwhyshedoesnotagreewiththebedperformancereview;forinstance,an

employeemayexpresstheirdifferentunderstandingand,atthesametime,a

willingnesstocomplywithanyconstructivesuggestions.

如果绩效考核结果不佳,不要过于担心,甚至想辞去工作,而应该从中吸取

教训。同时,如果公司允许员工自己提供一份书面说明,一定要写一份。对于被

考核者来说,表达出不认同不良评定的原因是很重要的。例如,被考核者可在表

达不同看法的同时,表示愿意接受有益建议。

WaystoImproveaBadPerformanceReview

改善绩效考核不良成绩的方法

Awaytoimproveabadperformancereviewistotlf-reviews,thatis,

rwaytoimproveabadreviewistolearn

moreaboutwhatthemanager,supervisor,orbosswantsorexpectsfromhis/her

ngwhatitwasthatcaudabadperformancereviewhelpsto

improveprofessionalgrowthandencouragesaswellasmotivatestheworkertodo

betterinordertoreceiveagoodreviewnexttime.

改善绩效考核不良成绩的一个有效方法是建立自我评价体系,也就是设定业

绩标准。另一个办法是更多地去了解你的经理、上司或老板对员工的期望。让员

工了解自己绩效评价结果不佳的原因可以帮助促进其专业发展,鼓励并激励其在

下次考核时取得好的成绩。

英译汉。

yourespondtothisappraisalcanmakeallthedifferenceinthenext

one.

你对这次绩效考核结果的回应方式,会大大影响你下次的考核结果。

mmentsorremarksonlywhenaskedforthem.

只有在需要你回应时,你才反馈你的看法和意见。

'tbeintimidatedbythebadperformancereviewandwanttoquitthejob;

instead,learnfromit.

如果绩效考核结果不佳,不要过于惧怕,甚至想辞去工作,而应该从中吸取

教训。

oyeemayexpresstheirdifferentunderstandingand,atthesametime,

awillingnesstocomplywithanyconstructivesuggestions.

被考核者可在表达不同看法的同时,表示愿意接受任何有益建议。

improveabadperformancereviewistotlf-reviews,thatis,

establishperformancestandards.

改善绩效考核不良成绩的一个有效方法是建立自我评价体系,也就是设定业

绩标准。

操作提示:通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案。

ouldyoudowhenyouaregivenabadperformancereview?

ithyourboss.

mediateremarks

lmandlistencarefully.

ouldyoudoafteryouaregivenabadperformancereview?

urjobimmediately.

onmakingcomments.

romthereview.

ouldyoudoifyoudonotagreewiththebadperformancereview?

ebossdirectlythatyoudonotagreewiththereview.

rittenstatementonyourownbehalfifitisallowed.

xpressyourdifferentunderstandinginawrittenstatement.

ouimproveabadperformancereview?

tandtheestablishedperformancestandards.

oreaboutwhattheemployeewantsorexpects.

hatthepersonwhogivesthereviewmaythink.

uldweunderstandthecauofabadperformancereview?

eithelpstheemployeetogetpromotedimmediately.

eitencouragesandmotivatestheworkertodobetter.

eitpreventstheemployeefromprofessionalgrowth.

答案是:CCBAB

第六单元

一、选择填空题

题目1

—CanIhavethreedaysoffnextweek,?

—_____.Icanmanagewithoutyou.

A.I'mafraidnot

nds

答案是B。

题目2

—Ifyoudon'tbelieveinyourlf,nooneelwill.

—_____.Confidenceisreallyimportant.

'snotthepoint

'tthinkso

n'tagreemore

答案是C。

题目3

Tobuildtherervoir(水库),thousandsofpeoplehavetobe_______.

ted

ed

ed

答案是A。

题目4

Onhearingthenewsof______themajorexamagain,thegirlburstintotears.

ingfailed

led

ngfailed

答案是A。

题目5

All_____glitters(闪闪发光)isnotgold.

答案是A。

题目6

—Don'tworry,torsaiditwasonlyacommoncold.

—________!I'lltellDadthere'snothingrious.

elief

prising

C.I'msosorry

答案是A。

题目7

—I'mgoingtoBeijingforafewdays.

—_______.IwishIcouldgowithyou.

n'tmatter

it

yenvyyou

答案是C。

题目8

Bytheendoftheyear,thesalesplanforthenextyear______.

made

vebeenmade

enmade

答案是B。

题目9

Thereisno_____thefactthatheisthebeststudentintheclass.

g

答案是C。

题目10

rwords,theyare______for

survival.

oven

ependent

ational

答案是B。

二、阅读理解:根据文章内容,判断正误(共50分)。

JackWelchLeadingOrganizationalChangeatGE

杰克·韦尔奇领导通用电气的机构改革

WhenJackWelch,theChairmanandCEOatGeneralElectric(GE)retiredin

2001,meCEOin1981atthe

time,GEhadaverycomplexorganizationalstructurewith

considerablybureaucraticrules.

2001年,通用电气公司董事长兼首席执行官杰克·韦尔奇退休,回顾他

的职业生涯,可谓事业有成。1981年他45岁时成为首席执行官。当时的通用电

气机构臃肿,官僚主义盛行。

Oneofhisfirstchangeswastoinitiateastrategyformulationprocesswith

theguidelinethateachofthebusinessshouldbenumber1or2intheirrespective

wasnottheca,managershadtheoptionsoffixingtheproblem,

llingtheirparticularbusiness,forttostreamlinethe

organization,Welchremovedthectorlevelandeliminatedthousandsofsalaried

andhourlyemployeepositions.

他的首要变革就是,启动战略制定程序,其原则是:每项业务在各自领域都

要做到数一数二。否则,其业务经理面临三种选择:一是解决问题,二是出售业

务,三是关门大吉。为了精简机构,韦尔奇取消了科级部门,裁掉了成千上万的

计时付酬的工人。

Therestructuringwasfollowedbychangingtheorganizationalcultureand

themanagerialstylesofGE'hprogramwastheWork-Out(群策

群力).Groupsofmanagerswereasmbledtosharetheirviewsopenlyinthree-day

eginningofthemeetings,thesuperiorprentedthechallengesfor

esuperiorhadtoleave,requestingthegroups

tators(会议主持人)helpedthediscussions.

Onthelastday,ethen

hadthreechoices:toaccepttheproposal,nottoacceptit,ortocollectmore

ocessputgreatpressureonthesuperiortomakedecisions.

机构重组之后,他便着手改革企业文化和整顿经理们的管理作风。他采用一

种被称为“群策群力”的解决方案。具体做法是,部门经理们用三天时间分组开

会,公开交流意见。会议伊始,主管领导向下属单位经理提出问题,随后便离开

会场,让这些经理研究出解决方案,小组主持人组织讨论。会议最后一天,主管

领导会收到经理们提交的解决方案。主管领导可以有以下三种选择:接受方案、

不接受方案或者收集更多信息。这种做法给主管领导的决策增加了压力。

AnotherprogramtoimproveeffectivenessandefficiencywasBest

wastolearnfromothercompanieshowtheyobtainedcustomer

satisfaction,howtheyrelatedtotheirsuppliers,andinwhatwaystheydeveloped

lpedtheGEpeopletofocusontheprocessintheir

operationsthatwouldimprovethecompany'sperformance.

另一种提高效率的做法叫“最佳实践”,其目的是向其他公司学习怎样赢得

客户满意,学习怎样与供应商打交道,学习怎样开发新产品。这样做有助于通用

人将他们的生产活动集中在改进公司的业绩方面。

JackWelchwaspersonallyinvolvedindevelopingmanagersatGE'straining

s,Welchsuggested,arenotonlythowhoachieve

resultsbutalsothowhosharethevaluesofthecompany.

杰克·韦尔奇还亲自到克罗顿维尔的通用培训中心参与对经理的培训。他认

为,领导者不仅要能够达成既定目标,还要能够分享公司的价值观。

操作提示:正确选T,错误选F。

lchretiredattheageof65.

lchinsistedthateachofthebusinessshouldbeatleastnumber3in

theirrespectivearea.

usinesscouldnotmeetWelch'schangerequirements,itsmanagerhad

3choices.

tructuringwentbeforechangingtheorganizationalcultureandthe

managerialstylesofGE'smanagers.

kOutlastedaweek.

答案:1.T2.F3.T4.T5.F

HowtoadapttoChangeintheWorkplace?

如何适应职场变化

Ifthere'sonewordthatcapturestheesnceofwhatisoccurringinthe

worldtoday,it's“change”.Downsizing,reorganizing,andcuttingcosts,arenowthe

emostconrvativeinstitutionsare

undergoingsignificantchangesjusttosurvive.

如果用一个词来捕捉当今世界的本质特征,那非“变化”莫属。裁员、重

组、降低成本如今已经成了生存的常态,无一行业可以幸免。为了生存,哪怕最

保守的机构也要进行改革。

Changemanagementhasalwaysbeenanissueofdebateamongstscholars:

howcanemployerscreatesuitableconditionsforasuccessfulchangeprocess?And

whatcanemployeesdotogetthroughit?

应对变化是学者们经常争论的一个话题:雇主如何才能为成功推进改革

进程创造合适的条件?员工们又该如何应对?

Tipsfordealingwithchangeintheworkplace:

小贴士:如何应对职场变化

•Makeyourlfawarethatchangehappens:ithappensinpersonallife;it

notliveinthepast,sodenyingthatchange

couldoccuronlymakesthingsmorecomplicatedforyou.

·让自己认识到,变化总是会发生的,生活在变,工作也在变。你不能

生活在过去,因此,否认变化的发生只能使事情变得对你来说更加复杂。

•Stayalertintheworkplace:

youcomeacrosscluesthathintchangeisontheway,acknowledgethem!

·时刻保持清醒的头脑:注意身边发生的一切。当你看到有迹象表明变

化即将发生时,要敢于面对。

•'tlaybackandexpectthings

dtogetacquaintedwiththeoccurringchanges.

Seekmoredetailsfromyourmanagementandpeerstoformanaccurate

sparentandhonestaboutyourfears:dealing

epictureasclearasyou

can.

·保持沟通渠道畅通。不要只是退缩等待,希望凡事都会顺利过去。你

需要了解正在发生的变化,从领导和同事那儿了解更多的详情,形成对事情的正

确认识。坦诚面对自己的担忧,应对未知之事往往会令人不快,令人畏惧。尽可

能把情况弄清楚。

•isatimewhenone'sconfidenceaboutone's

izeyourstrengthsandwhereyoucould

ametime,stayawareofyourdevelopmentalareasand

workonimprovingtho.

·自我评估。变革的时候,人们往往对自己的技能和能力产生怀疑。清

楚自己的优势,并知道在什么地方能发挥出来。同时,明白自己的发展领域,并

努力改进完善。

•Don'makethechangeprocessmuchharderifyouarerigid.

Beflexibleenoughtolookatthedifferentanglesofthechangeandewhereyou

couldapplyyour“existing”skillsandknowledge,andwhatnewskillsyouneedto

acquire.

·不要固执死板。顽固不化只会使进程的改变变得更难。要足够灵活,

从各个不同的角度看待改变,发现自己在哪些地方可以运用“现有”的技能和知

识,有哪些新技能有待掌握。

•ositiveattitudeanddon'tletyourlfdrownin

eyourlfinthenewprocess;locateyourlfproperlyinthenew

!

·保持乐观。保持积极心态,不要让自己犹豫不决。参与到新的变化进

程中去,在新的环境下重新定位、调整自我、迅速适应!

“Youcan'tgettothetopofEverestbyjumpingupthemountain.

Youcan'tgettothetopofEverestbyjumpingupthemountain.

没人可以一步跨上珠穆朗玛峰峰顶。这句话的意思相当于“不积跬步,无以

至千里”。

step,yougetto

thegoal,”saysRobinSharma,oneoftheworld'smostsought-afterleadershipand

personalsuccesxperts.

世界上最受推崇的一位领导学和个人成功领域的专家罗宾·夏玛说:“没

人可以一步跨上珠穆朗玛峰峰顶。只有踏着坚实的脚步才能到达山顶。一步一步

地,你就可以达到目的地。”

根据短文内容,判断正误。

StatementsTF

d“change”istheesnceofwhatishappening

intheworldtoday.

rtosurvive,everyindustryhastogothrough

dramaticchanges.

rsldomdiscusschangemanagement.

onotadmitthatchangehappens,itwillonly

makethingsmoredifficultforyou.

isatimewhenpeopleareconfidentabouttheir

skillsandcapabilities.

答案是:TTFTF

操作提示:通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案。

riscarryoutdownsizing,reorganizingandcuttingcostsinorderto

()

nonthenumberofworkers

fletheorganization

e

2.“Noindustryixempt”means()

stryisanexception

stryisanexample

ryindustrycanbeexempted

lowingquestionsareoftendiscusdamongscholarsEXCEPT()

bosscreatefavorableconditionsforchange

productivitybeincread

nworkersdotogetthroughchange

ysuggestionsdoestheauthorputforward?()

A.4

B.5

C.6

epassage,weknowthatRobinSharmais()

rtonleadership,andpersonalsuccess

leader

ewholikestoplaythegameofHideandSeek

答案:1.C2.A3.B4.C5.A

第七单元自测

一、选择填空题

题目1

—dhavecalledyouearlier.

—__________.I'vejustarrived

'snotrouble

welcome

'sallright

答案是C。

题目2

—Terriblysorrytointerrupt,butmayIuyourdictionary?

—Yes,______________.

n’tmatter

y

答案是A。

题目3

Thereason_____hewasabntfromclassyesterdaywasthathewasilland

hospitalized.

答案是B。

题目4

Compared______English,Chineisgenerallybelievedtobemoredifficultto

learn.

t

答案是A。

题目5

Theireconomyixport______.

ed

ating

ation

答案是A。

题目6

—Haveyoualreadypaid?What'smyshareofthebill?

—_________.Itwasn'tverymuch.

'smyshare

yourbusiness

'tworryaboutit

答案是C。

题目7

—TheAutoShowintheCityStadiumhasbeencanceled.

—Oh,no!_________

ity!

n'tmatter!

'snotinterestingatall!

答案是A。

题目8

Anagreementwasreachedonthe_____ofmutualrespectandmutualinterest.

答案是C。

题目9

_____thereissmoke,thereisfire.

答案是C。

题目10

Allthe_____guestsareatedinthefrontrow.

guishing

uishing

guished

答案为C。

二、阅读理解:根据文章内容,判断正误(共50分)。

CreateaPositiveWorkplaceCulture

创建积极的企业文化

Incompetitivemarkets,leadersareunderincreadpressuretomaintaina

iveworkculturecultivatesgreateremployee

satisfaction;greateremployeesatisfactioncontributestohigherperformance;higher

performanceimpactsimprovedclientoutcomes;improvedclientoutcomes

contributetorviceexcellence.

在竞争激烈的市场中,领导者为保持积极的企业文化而备受压力。积极的

企业文化提升员工满意度,员工满意度越高,工作就越出色;工作越出色,顾客

就越多;顾客越多,服务质量就越好。

Positiveworkculturesarebuiltovertimeandneedconstantattention.

Suchculturesaredependentonleadershipvisionandvalues.

积极的企业文化是经过较长时间建立的,需要不断呵护。工作文化的形成靠

的是领导者的见识和价值观。

Aneffectiveleadertsthetonefortheteam,encouragesapositive

workplacecultureandisabletobringaboutculturalchange.

卓有成效的领导者为团队定下基调,鼓励积极文化的培养,大胆进行文化改

革。

Workplacecultureismadeupofthesharedattitudes,beliefs,behaviors,

v

“thewaywedothingsaroundhere”.

企业文化由共同的态度、观念、行为、价值观和期待构成,影响着职场员

工的工作方式。“这事在我们这里就得这么办。”

Someculturalaspectsareunderstoodbyallandareobvioussuchas

turningupforwokontime,whileothersmaybe"unwrittenrules"thatarenotso

obviousforexamplehowpersonalissuesareresolvedwithworkcolleagues.

有些文化现象显而易见,人人皆知,如按时上班;有些则是不成文的规矩,

不是很明显,如怎样处理同事间的关系。

Manyfactorsthatinfluencewhetheraworkplacehasapositiveoutlookare

realsofactorsoutof

theircontrol,

companycan,however,controlhowtheyrespondtothefactors.

影响企业文化是否积极的诸多因素掌控在企业员工手中。但有些因素是他们

无法掌控的,如全球价格下滑或者供需改变等。然而,企业可以掌控的是对这些

因素的应对方法。

Thocompaniesthatdocreatepositiveworkplaceenvironmentsdevelop

areputationintheircommunityasbeing‘goodtoworkfor'andhaveacompetitive

yarethecompaniesmoreabletoattractandretainpeople,they

tendtobemorestableastheyproactivelydealwithissuesandadapttochange.

那些真正创造了积极向上工作环境的企业在业界享有“最佳工作场所”的声

誉,具有竞争优势。这些企业不但能够更加吸引和留住人才,而且能够更加积极

主动地处理问题,更加稳妥地应对变革。

aremoreabletodealwithdifficultissuesiftheyfeelthevaluesoftheorganization

aresupportiveofthem.

当一个团队清楚人们对他们的期望时,他们的工作会做得最好。一旦感受

到企业价值观的支持,他们就更有能力处理棘手的问题。

Foraworkplaceculturetobepositive,thedirectionandactionsofthe

bus

peoplemusttrusteachotherandbeabletoopenlyexpressandexchangeideas.

若想要企业文化积极向上,企业的定位和运作机制必须与企业员工的核心

价值观一致。员工们必须相互信任,并能够公开表达和交换意见。

Workingthroughthestepswillhelpwithdevelopingapositivebusiness

culture.

以上步骤有助于形成积极的企业文化。

操作提示:正确选T,错误选F。

iveworkculturewillgiveworkersmoresatisfaction.

vecultureshavealottodowithleadershipvisionandvalues.

ectionandactionsforthebusinessmustdifferfromthecorevaluesof

theemployeesinorderforaworkplaceculturetobepositive.

etitivemarkets,leadersareundermoreandmorepressuretokeepa

positiveworkculture.

veworkculturecanbebuiltinashortperiodoftime.

答案:1.T2.T3.F4.T5.F

根据短文内容,完成下列题目。

fthefollowingisTRUEaboutapositiveculture?_________

ersaresatisfied,theywillnotworkhardanymore.

ositivecultureisbuilt,itwilltakecareofitlf.

iveworkculturewillgiveworkersmoresatisfaction.

答案是C。

vecultureshave_________todowithleadershipvisionandvalues.

e

答案是A

a“tsthetone”inPara.3means_________.

minesthequalityofasound

ishesaparticularstyleorcharacter

stheshadesofacolor

答案是B。

orkbestwhen_________.

owwhattheyareexpectedtodo

esupportedbythemanagement

rnmoremoneythanothers

答案是A

rkplaceculturetobepositive,thedirectionandactionsofthe

businessmust_________.

ethecorevaluesoftheemployeesandtheirfamilies

reementwiththecorevaluesoftheemployees

erentfromthecorevaluesoftheemployees

答案是B。

操作提示:通过下拉选项框选择正确的词汇。

Whatismuum?Amuumisagoodplacetokeepoldandbeautiful

mcanbeaplace

insideamuum?Somemuumshave

umshavepicturesandstatues(雕像).Others

eumevenhascoalmineinside!Many

rysmallhavemuums,apolis

engoto

eawhitebear

insideanoldlogcabin(小木屋).OnSaturday,Indianapolis

emovies.

答案:en'

第八单元自测

一、选择填空题

题目1

—lwill,ifyoudon't.

—____________________Confidenceisreallyimportant.

'snotmycupoftea.

'tthinkso.

n'tagreemore.

答案是C。

题目2

—I'dlikeawake-upcallat7:00a.m.,plea!

—OK,________________.

lcertainlymakeit.

B.I'llmakesureyougetone.

whatyoulike.

答案是B。

题目3

—Whoshouldberesponsiblefortheaccident?

—Theboss,stcarriedouttheorder______.

old

told

答案是B。

题目4

Hewillwritetomeassoonashe______home.

vereturned

s

turn

答案是B。

题目5

Thekey______successfulimplementationisclearlycommunicatingthestrategyto

thewholecompany.

答案是A。

二、阅读理解:根据文章内容,判断正误(共50分)。

VisionandExecution:TwoSidesofaSuccessfulStrategy

愿景和执行:成功战略的两个方面

Astrategicplanisnottheendgoalofthestrategicplanningprocess—it

strategicplanisput

intoeffect,ithasnorealvalue.

在战略规划过程中,战略规划不是最终目标,而是成功执行战略的一个

框架。一个规划只有被付诸实施时才具有重要价值。

,peopledirectly

igic

ttheinputandfeedbackofthe

peopleresponsibleforexecutingthestrategy,aeminglysolidstrategyislikelyto

fallapartwhenimplementationisattempted

有几个关键因素会影响成功实施。首先,在规划过程中必须把直接参与

执行策略的人考虑在内。战略规划不再是一个自上而下的指令。如果缺乏负责实

施计划的人员的投入与反馈,一个看似可靠的计划也可能在实施过程中功亏一

篑。

Thenextkeytosuccessfulimplementationisclearlycommunicatingthe

municationshouldensurethateveryonein

thecompanyunderstandsandacceptsthestrategyasthebestpathforward,andnot

simplytheleadership'tclearcommunication,employeeslacka

trategyisnotunderstoodor

embraced,itusuallyresultsinmisunderstandingandunevencommitmentsto

implementation.

成功实施的下一个关键因素是将战略清晰传达给整个公司。上下沟通应

该确保公司内每个人都理解这个战略,并把它当作前进的最佳路径,而不是把它

当作领导层的最新想法。没有明确的沟通,员工缺乏归属感和清晰的目标。当一

个企业战略不被员工理解或接受时,通常会导致误解,甚至造成实施过程中努力

程度的差异。

Anotherkeytothesuccessfulexecutionofastrategicplanistheclearand

emostbrilliant

strategyfacesfailureifitcannotbeexplainedclearlyandflourish.

另一个关键是对战略规划及其运作作出清晰和直接的描述。即使是最无

懈可击的战略,如果不解释简洁、清晰、到位,也会面临失败。

操作提示:正确选T,错误选F。

algoalofthestrategicplanningprocessisastrategicplan.

egicplanisvaluableifitixecuted.

refourkeystosuccessfulimplementation.

trategyislikelytofallapartifwithouttheinputandfeedbackofthe

peopleresponsibleforexecutingonthestrategy.

ship'sideadeterminesall.

答案:1.F2.T3.F4.T5.F

根据短文内容,列出影响成功实施战略计划的关键因素。

1First,peopledirectlyinvolvedinexecutingthestrategymustbeincludedinthe

planningprocess.

2Thenextkeytosuccessfulimplementationisclearlycommunicatingthe

strategytothewholecompany.

3Thethirdkeyistheclearandstraightforwarddescriptionoftheplanandits

operations.

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