管理英语4
第一单元
FiveBasicFunctionsThatMakeuptheManagementProcess
构成管理过程的五个基本功能
In1916,aFrenchcoalminedirectornamedHenriFayolwroteabookentitled
AdministrationIndustrielleetGenerale,whichtforthfivedistinctfunctionsofmanagingthat
1950's,
managementtextbooksbegantoincorporatesomeofFayol'sideasintotheircontent,andtoday,
managementcoursstillumanyofhisideastoteachmanagementtobusinessstudents.
1916年,法国煤矿公司总经理亨利·法约尔写了一本名为《工业管理与一般管理》的
书,书中提出了五种独特的管理职能,并强调这些管理职能适用于任何行业。20世纪50年
代,管理学教科书开始编入法约尔的理念,时至今日,管理学课程依然向商科学生传授他的
思想。
Plannint
requiresmanagerstobeawareofchallengesfacingtheirbusiness,andthenitrequires
enformulateobjectivesto
-evaluatetheirplansas
conditionschangeandmakeadjustmentsasnecessary.
规划包括确定公司的发展方向,并选择实现目标的各个步骤。首先它要求管理者意识到
企业面临的挑战,然后要求管理者预测未来的业务和经济状况。接着,他们制定在一定期限
前要达到的目标,并决定实现它们的步骤。随着情况的变化,他们重新评估他们的计划,必
要时进行调整。
Managersorganizebybringingtogetherphysical,humanandfinancialresourcestoachieve
entifyactivitiestobeaccomplished,classifyactivities,assignactivitiesto
groupsorindividuals,encoordinate
everythingsooperationsrunsmoothly.
管理者集中物力、人力和财力,建立组织来实现目标。他们确定要完成的活动、进行活
动分类、将活动分配给团体或个人、明确责任和分配权力。然后他们协调一切,保证项目顺
利运行。
Leadingrequiresmanagerstomotivateemployeestoachievebusinessobjectivesandgoals.
Itrequirestheuofauthoritytoachievethoendsaswellastheabilitytocommunicate
iveleaderscaninfluencetheirpersonneltoviewsituationsfromtheir
galsoinvolvessupervisionofemployeesandtheirwork.
领导要求管理者激励员工去实现业务的大小目标。这些目标的实现既需要权力的运用也
需要有效沟通的能力。有效率的领导者可以从员工的角度看待问题,从而对他们产生影响力。
领导还包括对员工及其工作进行监督。
Controllingi
requiresmanagerstobeabletoidentifysourcesofdeviationfromsuccessfulaccomplishment
requiresmanagerstobeabletoidentify
sourcesofdeviationfromsuccessfulaccomplishmentandtoprovideacorrectivecourof
action.
管理者还必须能够确定偏离成功目标的根源,并采取纠正措施
Managersfirstestablishobjectivesandgoals,thenmeasureachievements,identifyanythingthat
iskeepingthecompanyfromachievingtheirobjectivesandgoals,andprovidemeansof
correctionifnecessary.
控制涉及根据既定目标来衡量成果。它还要求管理者明确偏离成功目标的根源,并采取
纠正措施。管理者首先确定大小目标,然后衡量成果,确定会使公司不能实现其目标的任何
事项,并在必要时提供纠正方法。
Withouthumanresources,noorganizationcangetoffthegroundletalonedobusinessand
stinctfeaturesofthestaffingfunctionare:
没有人力资源,任何公司都不能顺利起步,更别说经营获利了。人员配备功能的一些明
显特点是:
•Itputstherightmanintherightjob.
•把正确的人放在正确的工作岗位上。
•oyeeskeepleavingandjoiningthecompany,theyalso
retirefromtimetotimeleavingemptyplacesinvariouspositions.
•这是一个持续的活动,因为随时有员工进出公司,也不时有员工退休,一些岗位会出
现缺员现象。
•gingpeopleisthetoughestjob,
everythingmustbeaccountedfor,leaves,payments,benefits,medicalallowancessocialcurity
accountingandmuchmore.
•效率是此功能的重中之重,因为做管理是一份艰巨的工作,事事都需要有人负责,如
请假、工资、福利、医疗津贴、社会保险等等。
下列管理行为属于管理过程中的哪个基本功能。
管理行为基本功能
rsshouldtforthincentivemeasures.
Leading
正确答案:Leading
rsshouldbeawareofchallengesandpredictfuture
conditionsinbusiness.
Planing
正确答案:Planing
rsshouldadjusttheirplanswhenconditionschange.
Planing
正确答案:Planing
rsshouldmanageemployeesincludingtheirleaves,
payments,allowancesandmuchmore.
Staffing
正确答案:Staffing
rsshouldpickoutactivitiesandputthemintodifferent
categories,thenassigntheactivitiestoteamsorindividualstaff,and
authorizethem.
Organizing
正确答案:
Organizing
rsshouldknowwhattheobstaclesarethatkeepthe
companyfromachievingitsgoals.
Controlling
正确答案:
Controlling
rsshouldmakerightmanperformhisownfunctionsin
rightposition.
Staffing
正确答案:Staffing
rsshouldpointoutarightwaytoworkforthestaff.
Controlling
正确答案:
Controlling
rsshouldsuperviemployeesandtheirwork.
Leading
正确答案:Leading
第二单元
第二单元自测
一、选择填空题(每题10分,共5题)
题目1
—____________________identifytheproblemsthathavebeenoccurring?
—Well,asyouknow,theproblemswehadwithGarycaudalotoffrictionamongtheteam.
uldyou
u
ableto
答案是C。
题目2
—Howcanyouexplainthelatestsituation?
—____________________,Iknowitisallmyfault.
me
C.I'mafraid
答案是A。
题目3
Intoday'nvironment,__________peopleareoftenburnedout,it'simportantforemployees
tohaveapersonalconnectionwithyouandtheworkyoubelievein.
答案是A。
题目4
WhenthemessagefinallyreachedtheCommandCenter,it__________“mutated”tobecome
—“Sendthreeandfour-pence,we'regoingtoadance.”
答案是B。
题目5
Whowas______themeeting?
ng
g
ng
答案是A。
题目6
—Howdidyourmeetinggoyesterday?
—____________________actually,itwasreallyfrustrating.
ood
od
gspecial
答案是A。
题目7
—Ifyoucan'tsaywhatyou'vecometosayatthemeeting,what'sthepoint?
—____________________,butIthinkyoumightneedtochangeyourapproachsomewhat.
sure
ethat
hat
答案是B。
题目8
Effectiveleadersdistillcomplexthoughtsandstrategiesintosimple,memorableterms
__________colleaguesandcustomerscangraspandactupon.
答案是B。
题目9
Whatyouneedtodoistokeepthingsshortandsweet,justthe______.
ons
ghts
答案是C。
题目10
Creativity,especially__________whichtakesplaceacrossdepartmentalboundaries,islikelyto
sufferhugelyasteamsynergyslips.
C./
答案是A。
二、完型填空(共50分)
WhatWeHaveHere:AFailuretoCommunicate
remorewaysthanevertocommunicatewithpeople,yetit
sometimesemslikeitismoredifficulttoconnect—andstay—withanyone.
Shouldyouoffanemail?Tapoutatext?PostaprivatemessageonFacebook?Write
ontheirFacebookwall?Skype,poke,pingorconjurethemuponadigitaltincanphone?
Andonceyoureachsomeone,youwonder:Ishepayingattention?Howdoyouknow?Even
withthetechno-eaofcommunicationdevices,conversationscanstillbetroublesome.
ctionsanddirectionsgohalf-read.
gsarehurt.
答案:
CommunicationFailure
沟通失败
Themeaningof“communication”ication
isaboutconceiving,nding,receiving,andinterpretingmessagesaswellasconfirming
reatanypointinthischaincanresultinineffective
communication.
沟通的含义比人们通常理解的要更深刻。沟通是关于信息的构思、传输、接收和理解,
以及确认这些信息的送达。在这个链条上的任何一个环节出现失误都会导致沟通无效。
safamousstoryofaBritishArmy
Commanderwhontthemessage“Sendreinforcements,we'regoingtoadvance.”backtohis
CommandCenter,emessagefinallyreachedthe
CommandCenter,ithadbecome---“Sendthreeandfour-pence,we'regoingtoadance.”The
reinforcementsneverarrived.
无效沟通可能带来严重的损失。有个很著名的关于一位英国陆军司令的故事,他通过多
级下属向他的指挥中心发出消息“请派援军,我们的部队要往前推进”。当这条消息最终传到
指挥中心的时候,变成了“送三四便士来,我们要去跳舞”。援军始终没有到达。
Youcandemonstratethissameprinciple,albeitonalessdramaticscale,bytryingtoplay
ghlyunlikelythesamemessageyoustarted
withwillbetheoneyouendwith.
通过和20多人玩中国耳语游戏,你可以证明同样的道理,尽管后果没有那么严重。游
戏开始时传递的信息几乎不可能和游戏结束时得到的信息相同。
Inabusiness,sitsown
indicativesigns.
在商业活动中,有三类主要的沟通失败。每一类都有独特的指示标志。
curswhenafirmisnotgatheringenough
intelligenceaboutitsmarketor(mostoften),
ndisrisingbutthe
firmissufferingfromallocativecommunicationfailure,thenstockswillfallandtherewillbe
nverhappens,therewillbeasurplusofstocksandoverstaffing.
第一类被称作资源配置失败。当一个公司没有得到足够的市场情报(大多数情况下是这
样),或者这些情报没有被送到正确的地方时,这种失败就会发生。公司在配置资源时,跟
不上需求的变化。如果需求持续增加而公司正经历资源配置沟通方面的失误,那么库存将下
降并且出现人手不足的状况。如果相反的情况发生,将会出现库存增加和人员过剩的情况。
Thecondtypeixecutivefailure,wherecommunicationtotriggerspecificevents/actions
iitherlate,ptomsofthisareagenerallossofdirectioninthe
companyordepartments,alossofco-ordinationandanincreaincomplaintsfromcustomers
asthingshappenlateornotatall.
第二种类型是执行层面的失败。这种失败是指激励具体事项或行动的沟通要么来得太
迟,要么缺失,要么是错误的。出现这类失败的情形表现为,公司或多个部门普遍失去了发
展方向和缺少合作,由于反应迟缓或完全没有反应,造成越来越多的客户投诉。
curswhenthegeneralcultureofabusinessorthe
relationshipsbetweenparticularindividualsordepartmentsdonotfostereffective
adstoalienatedstaff,anincreainstaffturnover,anincreain
vity,especiallythatwhichtakesplace
acrossdepartmentalboundaries,islikelytosufferhugelyasteamsynergyslips.
最后一种类型是人事层面的失败。当一个企业的总体文化,或是特定个人或部门之间的
关系不能增进有效沟通的时候,这种失败就会发生。这会导致员工离心离德,增加员工更替
率,助长旷工现象,也会在员工中造成普遍的挫败感。创造力,尤其是跨越部门界限体现出
的创造力,可能由于团队协作能力的下降而受到很大冲击。
mingreceptionofthentmessagesmeans___A____.
sagesarenttotherightreceivers.
sagesarecorrectlyunderstood.
sagesarecorrectlywritten.
amousBritishArmyCommanderstory,itwasprobablyatthestepof___A__that
wentwronginthecommunicationchain.
ng
g
ving
eWhispersis___B___./ChineWhispersis.
nwhowhispersinChine
opassmessagearoundinawhisper
tthatChinepeoplewhodon'tnormallytalkveryloudly
tivefailuredoesNOThappenwhen___A___.
htinformationgoestotherightplace
nygathersfalinformation
rectinformationisnotreceivedbytherightperson
fthefollowingcasbelongstohumanfailure?C
singcustomercomplaints.
tecommunicationbetweendepartments.
singcreativityacrossdepartments.
ingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcasdoesNOTbelongtohumanfailure?C
singcreativityacrossdepartments.
uatecommunicationbetweendepartments.
singcustomercomplaints.
第三单元
第三单元自测
一、选择填空题(每题10分,共5题)
题目1
—IamsorryforwhatIhavesaidtoyou.
—_____________
lem.
B.I'msureaboutthat.
'tthinkanymoreaboutit.
答案是C。
题目2
—_____________
—I'dliketohavethisfilmdeveloped.
'sit?
lpyou?
youwant?
答案是B。
题目3
Howdoyougetyourmembersto______asateam?
art
gether
答案是C。
题目4
Theteamcreatesanenvironment______peoplearecomfortableincommunicating,
advocatingpositions,andtakingaction.
h
答案是C。
题目5
IbelievethatIhavealottocontribute______ateamenvironment,andamcomfortablein
bothleadershipandplayerroles.
答案是A。
题目6
—CouldIborrowyouriPadforafewhours?
—_____________
,youcan.
,ourtime.
n'tmatter.
答案是B。
题目7
—,plea?
—_____________
,noway.
,Ican't.
can'ofinishmyprojectrightnow.
答案是C。
题目8
IfItakethetimetotalkwithmymanageratthebeginningofaproject,we______offtoa
greatstartonthesamepage.
t
答案是A。
题目9
Ihavebeenveryluckytohavehad______managersduringmycareersofar.
ic
le
ying
题目10
Themajorityoftheteamchallenges______anywhere.
iver
ivered
elivered
答案是C。
TipsforTeamBuilding
团队建设的忠告
Whenyouthinkofteambuilding,doyouimmediatelypictureyourgroupoffat
aresortplayinggamesorhangingfromropes?Traditionally,manyorganizations
approachteambuildinginthiswaybut,then,theywonderwhythatwonderfuln
ofteamworkthathadbeendisplayedattheretreatortheminarfailstoimpact
longtermbeliefsandactionsbackatwork.
想到团队建设,你是否会马上想到你的团体在度假场所玩游戏或者荡秋千的
场景?很多机构通常用这种方式进行团队建设,但是,他们也在思考:为什么在
度假胜地或者研讨会上展现出的良好的团队意识,在回到工作中之后就难以持续
影响员工的信念与行动呢?
I'mnotavertoretreats,planningssions,minarsandteambuilding
activities—infactIleadthem—buttheyhavetoformpartofamuchlarger
lnotbuildteamworkby“retreating”asagroupforacouple
ofdayachyear,insteadyouneedtothinkofteambuildingassomethingyoudo
everysingleday.
我不反对休养、规划会议、研讨会和团队建设活动——事实上,我牵头进行
这些活动——但是它们必须成为一个更大的团队合作活动的一部分。团队建设不
可能通过每年几天的“休养”达成,相反,你需要把团队建设当成每天的“必修课”。
•Formteamstosolverealworkissuesandtoimproverealworkprocess.
Providetraininginsystematicmethodssotheteamexpendsitnergyontheproject,
notontryingtoworkouthowtoworktogetherasateamtoapproachtheproblem.
·组建团队去解决真实的工作难题,推进工作进程。提供系统训练方法,让
团队把精力花到项目上,而不是探索以团队的形式解决问题的方式方法本身。
•Holddepartmentmeetingstoreviewprojectsandprogress,toobtainbroad
input,eisfrictionbetweenteam
members,examinetheworkprocesstheymutuallyown—theproblemisnot
usuallytheirpersonalities;instead,itisoftenthefactthattheteammembershaven't
agreedonhowtheywilldeliveraproductorrvice,orthestepsrequiredtoget
somethingdone.
·召开部门会议审查项目进展情况,争取广泛投入,协调共同的工作流程。
假如团队成员间出现了摩擦,就需要审视他们共享的工作程序,因为问题通常不
源自他们的不同个性;然而,事实往往是,组员没有在如何提供产品或服务上达
成共识,或者在完成任务所需步骤上意见不合。
•Buildfunandsharedoccasionsintotheorganization'sagenda—hold
potlucklunches,taketheteamtoasportingevent,sponsordinnersatalocal
restaurant,onthlycompanymeeting,
sponsorsportsteamsandencouragecheeringteamfans.
·公司日程中应有趣味活动、快乐分享等活动安排,如举行百乐午餐,带领
团队参加运动会,在当地餐厅举办赞助晚餐,组织远足或者游园活动。举行每月
一次的公司会议,赞助运动队,鼓励拉拉队的球迷。
•Uicebreakersandteamworkexercisatmeetings—thehelpteam
membersgettoknoweachother,sharedetailsabouteachotherslives,andhavea
laughtogether.
·在会议中开展破冰活动和团队练习——这些能帮助团队成员彼此认识,分享
彼此的生活细节,共同欢笑。
•remanywaysyoucoulddothis,for
instancebybuyingeveryonethesameT-shirtorhat,puttingteammembernamesin
ythinglimitingyouis
yourimagination.
·公开庆祝团队的成功。做这件事可以有很多方式,例如,给每人都买相同
的T恤衫或者帽子,或者用团队成员姓名抽奖,赢取公司产品和礼券。限制你的
唯一的东西就是你的想象力。
Ifyoudothetypesofteamworkbuildinglistedabove,you'llbeamazedatthe
progressyouwillmakeincreatingateamworkculture,aculturethatenables
individualstocontributemorethantheyeverthoughtpossible—together.
如果你按照上面列举的方式去建设团队,你会为你在构建团队文化中所取得
的进步而感到震惊,这种文化能使个人做出多于过去的贡献。
题目一:英译汉。
partmentmeetingstoreviewprojectsandprogress,toobtainbroadinput,
andtocoordinatesharedworkprocess.
组织部门会议,审核项目进程,获取充分的信息,协调共享工作流程。
onthlycompanymeeting,sponsorsportsteamsandencouragecheering
teamfans.
组织月度会议,赞助运动队,支持啦啦队。
breakersandteamworkexercisatmeetings.
会上,可以进行破冰活动和团队练习。
remanywaysyoucoulddothis,forinstancebybuyingeveryonethesame
T-shirtorhat,puttingteammembernamesinadrawforcompanymerchandiand
giftcertificates.
做这件事可以有很多方式,例如,给每个人都买相同的T恤衫或者帽子,或用团
队成员的名字来抽奖,赢取公司产品和礼券。
'llbeamazedattheprogressyouwillmakeincreatingateamworkculture,a
culturethatenablesindividualstocontributemorethantheyeverthoughtpossible
—together.
你会为你在构建团队文化中所取得的进步而感到震惊,这种文化可以激发大家一
起做出超乎想象的更大贡献。
题目二:判断正误。(正确选T,错误选F。)
ildingeventistraditionallyrelatedtoplayinggamesatresort.
horclaimsthatplayinggamestogetherisasimportantasformteamsto
solverealworkissuesandtoimproverealworkprocessforteambuilding.
3.“Retreat”inthefirstparagraphmeanswithdrawaloftroopsafteradefeat.
akingmotivatesteammemberscompetewitheachother.
eamworkcultureenablesindividualsmakemoreeffortstogether.
答案:1.T2.F3.F4.F5.T
ATeamworkGame
团队游戏
re
ayoung,r,oneoftheirchiefproblemswasthefactthat
theywouldn'tshareinformationorsolutionswitheachother,andtheteamleaderthoughtthey
ult,shebroughtthemallintothe
hetablesandchairshadbeenstoredaway,andfundecorationsandhundredsof
differentcoloredballoonshadbeenplacedaroundtheroom.
一个约35名员工的团队聚集在一起进行团队建设活动。他们是一个年轻、聪明和热情
的团队。但是,他们的一个主要问题就是他们不会彼此分享信息或解决方案,团队领导也认
为他们太关注自己,而不是整个团队。结果,她把他们全都带进了自助餐厅。所有的桌椅都
被收了起来,房间内布满了有趣的装饰和数百个五颜六色的气球。
Inthecenteroftheroomwasabigboxofballoonsthathadn'
teamleaderinstructedeverybodytopickaballoon,blowitup,andwritetheirnameonit,but
ghtheyweregivenacondchanceiftheir
firstballoonpopped,nd,about30
rethenaskedtoleave
theroomand,afterfiveminutes,theteamleaderbroughtthembackinandaskedthemtofind
thebal15
minutesofarching,noonehadfoundtheirballoon,andtheteamweretoldthattheywere
thengoingtomoveontothethirdroundoftheactivity.
房子中间放着一大箱尚未充气的气球。队长指示大家挑一个气球,吹起来,写下他
们的名字,但是他们必须小心,不要弄炸气球。尽管第一次他们的气球炸掉了,他们还有一
次机会,但是如果他们的气球再爆掉,他们就得出局。最后,大约有30名队员写了他们的
名字,气球也没有炸掉。随后,他们被要求离开房间,五分钟后,团队领导带他们回来,并
要求他们在房间里的数百个气球中找到写着自己名字的气球。经过15分钟的寻找,没有人
找到自己的气球,接下来团队被告知,他们将进入第三轮活动。
Inthisround,eachteammemberwasinstructedtofindanyballoonwithanameonit
twominutes,everybody
mleadersummarizedtheactivitythus:“Wearemuchmore
efficientwhenwearewillingtosharewitheachotherandmuchbetteratproblemsolvingwhen
weareworkingtogether,notindividually.”
在这轮中,每个队员被指示寻找任何一个写有名字的气球,然后把这个气球送给相应的
人。两分钟后,每个人都拿到了自己的气球。团队领导这样总结活动的意义:“当我们愿意
相互分享时,我们的工作效率会更高;当我们一起工作而不是单打独斗时,问题也会解决得
更加顺利。”
Sometimes,membersofteamscreateobstaclesbyfocusingsolelyontheirown
emberoftheteamshouldaskthemlvesonaregularbasiswhat
theyaredoingandwhattheycandofortheteam.
有时,当团队成员只关注自己的追求与目标时,反而会给自己制造障碍。团队的每
个成员都应该定期问自己在做什么,以及他们能为团队做些什么。
题目一:根据文章内容,判定下列陈述是否正确。
StatementsTF
35employeeswhohadcometogetherforateambuildingevent
wereyoung,smartandpassionate.
√
the35employeesweregoodsolutionsharersandknewwell
aboutteamwork.
√
ceofthisteambuildingeventwasnotanormalcafeteria.
√
eremanyfilledballoonsinthecafeteria.
√
employeesattendingtheteambuildingeventhadtwochances
alloonblastedtwice,theyfailed.
√
econdround,theemployeesonlyfocudonfindingouttheir
ownballoons,soonlyfewofthemfoundballoonswiththeirnames.
√
hirdround,theemployeeswererequiredtosharethename
informationoneachballoontheygot.
√
ingtothesummaryaddresdbytheteamleader,the
conclusion“everybody'sbusinessisnobody'sbusiness”couldbedrawn.
√
mesitissuccess-hinderingthatyoudonotsharewhenyou
workinateam.
√
答案是:TFTFTFTFT
题目二:通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案。
ambuildingeventwasaimedat(B)
gtheyoung,brightandenthusiasticemployeesbecomemore
concentratedontheirwork
theteammembersknowhowtoshareinformationorsolutionsand
cooperatewitheachother
ngupteammorale
entwasheldin(A)
-rvicerestaurant
eshop
room
owmanyteammemberswereoutofthecondroundofthe
activity?(C)
A.30.
B.35.
C.5.
tatementbelowiscorrect?(C)
econdround,everyoneoftheteamhadfoundtheirballoonsafter15
minutes.
hirdround,theteammemberswereaskedthemtofindtheballoonwith
theirnameonitamongstthehundredsofotherballoonsintheroom.
hirdround,everybodyhadtheirownballoonwithhelpfromothers
within2minutes.
stheeventgoingtoteachtheemployees?(A)
gandcooperatingwithotherteammembersismoreefficientwhenthey
areworkingtogether.
ngsolelyonemployees'ownpursuitsisnotallowedinworkplace.
eofteamworkiscaudbyindividual.
答案:1.B2.A3.C4.C5.A
第四单元
(Scott,themanageroftheHRDepartment,isdiscussingstaffmotivationwith
Helen.)
(人力资源部经理斯科特正在和海伦讨论激励员工的事。)
Scott:dtotalktoyouabouthowwecouldmotivateour
staffinthebusinessintelligenceteam.
斯科特:你好,海伦,请坐。我想和你谈谈如何能够激励我们商业情报团队中的
员工。
Helen:That'salsowhatIamconcernedabout.
海伦:这也正是我所关心的。
Scott:Youknow,thesalesteamsgetabonuverythreemonthsiftheyhittheir
businessintelligenceteamdoallthis
workgatheringufulinformationonthemarket,andtheydon'thaveanybonus
orincentives.
斯科特:你知道,如果销售团队实现销售目标,那么按照他们自己的激励机制每
三个月就会获得奖金。但是,商业情报小组在市场上收集有用的信息,并没有任
何奖金或奖励。
Helen:You'averygoodjobandtheydefinitelyhelpthesalesteams
'realsoundergreatpressure.
海伦:你说得对。他们做得很好,无疑对销售团队帮助很大。他们也承受了很大
的压力。
Scott:'youthinkifwe
introducesomethinglikean“employeeofthemonth”competition?
斯科特:是的,这就是为什么我们需要鼓励他们。如果我们引进像“本月好员工”
这类竞赛,你觉得怎么样?
Helen:Howdoesitwork?
海伦:怎么运作呢?
Scott:Perhapsmanagersinthedepartmentsthatworkalongsidebusiness
you
think?
斯科特:或许可以由商业情报部门管理人员投票决定谁对别人贡献最大。你觉得
如何?
Helen:Well,Ithink,ifyougetmanagerstovoteonthat,itmightjustturninto“who's
themostpopular”.Weneedtolookattheiractualperformance—howmuchthey
havedoneandhowwelltheyhavedoneitandrewardthem.
海伦:嗯,我想,如果你让经理投票,那可能只会变成“最受欢迎的人”。我们需
要看看他们的实际表现——他们做了多少、做得多好,再奖励他们。
Scott:Yep,buthow?Shouldtheyberewardedwithmoneylikeextrapayorabonus,
orshouldtheyberewardedbybeinginvitedtospecialeventsorfunactivities?
斯科特:是的,但是怎么实现?他们应该得到额外的工资或奖金的奖励,还是应
该被邀请参加专项活动或趣味节目?
Helen:ouldbeapayincentive
everythreemonthsdependingonhowwelltheyhavedonetheirjoblikethesales
,
youthink?
海伦:我想我们可以结合两者。就像销售团队,根据工作表现,每三个月可能会
有薪酬激励。然后,他们也可以每年有一两次特别的娱乐活动。你怎么想?
Scott:,utthis?Youcomeupwithanideafor
thefundayoutactivities,andI'lllookintothepayrewards.I'llneedtotalktohuman
resourcesaboutthisfortheiragreement.
斯科特:我喜欢这个想法。那海伦,这样如何?你去考虑下“好玩一日游”的活动,
我去研究下薪水奖励。我需要和人力资源部谈谈,得到他们的同意。
Helen:OK.
海伦:好的。
HowGoogleContinuestoKeepEmployeesHappy
谷歌如何一直让员工开心
WorkingforGoogleisadreamofmany,notjustbecauofwhatthiscompany
hasachievedinthelast15years,butbecauofits
out37,000employeesin40countries,youmight
wonderhowGooglemaintainsamotivatingworkexperiencethroughoutitntire
company.
到谷歌工作是很多人的梦想,不仅仅是因为这个公司在过去15年所取得的
成就,还因为那里有令人羡慕的企业文化。谷歌在40个国家拥有约3.7万名员
工,您可能会想知道它如何在整个公司维持积极的工作体验。
WorkingforGooglecomeswithperksthatmostotherorganizationscan'tprovide
—bowlingalleys,freehaircuts,gymmemberships,andshuttlestoandfromwork.
Thecompany'screttosuccessisputtingthesameamountoftimeandeffortinto
keepingemployeeshappyasitdoesintoinnovatingproducts.
在谷歌工作有大多数其他机构不能提供的待遇——保龄球馆、免费理发、健
身房会员和往返于公司的班车。谷歌公司成功的秘诀在于,在保持员工幸福感和
产品创新方面,它投入了同样多的时间与精力。
Backwhenthecompanywasjustastart-up,co-foundersLarryPageandSergey
BrinhadthegoalofmakingGoogleaplacethemosttalentedpeoplewantedtowork
deawassimple:creatingaworkculturethatkeepmployeeshappy,will
motivatethemtodotheirbest,andwillkeepthemloyaltothecompany.
公司刚创立的时候,共同创始人拉里·佩奇和赛吉·布林就设定了一个目标:
要让谷歌成为最杰出的人才想为之效力的地方。他们的想法很简单:创造一种可
以让员工保持快乐的工作文化,激励他们尽最大努力保持对公司的忠诚度。
“It'slessabouttheaspirationtobeNo.1intheworld,andmorethatwewant
ouremployeesandfutureonestoloveithere,becauthat'swhat'sgoingtomake
ussuccessful,”saidKarenMay,theVicePresidentofPeopleDevelopmentatGoogle.
谷歌人力发展副总裁凯伦·梅说:“与其说我们想力争成为世界第一强,不如
说我们想让我们现在和未来的员工都爱上这里。因为只有这样,才能使我们成
功。”
Googlealsomakesitmployeeswanttoworkbecaumanagersprovidetasks
mployeeatGooglehastheopportunityto
spend20%eedomtakes
employeesoutoftheirroutineandawayfromthemundanetasksthatoftenmake
workersfeeluninspiredabouttheirjobs.
谷歌员工有热情,因为管理人员提供了令人振奋和充满挑战的任务。谷歌的
每个员工都有机会把20%的工作时间花费到自选项目上。这样的自由可以使员工
不用循规蹈矩,从单调乏味、毫无工作激情的任务中解脱出来。
Lastly,Googleshowachemployeejusthowimportantheorsheistothe
ployee,regardlessofhis/herspotonthe
totempole,hasaninfluenceonhowGoogleperforms.
最后,谷歌向每位员工表明,他(她)对公司很重要。每一个人,无论他(她)
在什么岗位,都对谷歌的运营产生影响。
“Ifyouvaluepeople,andcareaboutthemaswholepeople,onethingyoudois
givethemavoice,andyoureallylisten,”Maysaid.
“如果你重视人才,把他们当作一个健全的人格来关心,你所要做的事就是
给他们一个发声的机会,而你要认真地听”,梅说。
GoogledoesjustthatbyhostingemployeeforumveryFriday,wherethey
eeshaveaccesstoallcompany
information,addinganoftrust,andemployeesandleadersworktogetherto
solveproblems.
谷歌是通过每周五都举办员工论坛做到这点的,论坛上大家会讨论最常问的
20个问题。员工可以获悉公司的所有信息,从而增加对公司的信任,使员工和
领导能携手解决问题。
根据文章内容,为下面几个问题选择正确的答案。
1WhatkindofcompanyisGoogle?_________
m-sizedinternationalcompany.
globalenterpri.
Americancompany.
答案是B。
2HowdoesGooglemotivateitmployees?_________
ingafriendlyworkcultureinthecompany.
tingtheemployeestohigherjobpositions.
ngentertainingequipmentintheemployees'office.
答案是A。
3WhofoundedGoogle?_________
ageandSergeyBrin.
ay.
Brin.
答案是A。
4Googleemployeeshavethefreedomto_________.
totempolewiththeircolleagues
ertaintimeontheirchonprojects
wlingwiththeircolleaguesatwork
答案是B。
5WhatisGoogle'screttosuccess?_________
agingamongemployeestheaspirationtobeNo.1intheworld.
highsalarytotheemployeesandpracticingstrictmanagement.
gthehappinessofitmployeesasmuchasinnovatinggoodproducts.
答案是C。
ldyoudescribeGoogle?
-sizedinternationalcompany
lobalenterpris
mericancompany
答案是B。
nedoesNOTbelongtothemethodsthatGooglemotivateits
employees?
ingtheemployeewhohasmoreinfluenceonGooglethehigherjob
position.
ingtheemployeesbetweenhomeandoffice.
ngentertainingequipmentinworkplace.
答案是A。
ndedGoogle?
ageandSergeyBrin
ay
Brin
答案是A。
reanormalemployeeofGoogle,whatcouldyoudoEXCEPT?
linformationofGoogleanddiscussquestionswithyourleaders.
rkfortheprojectyouchoo.
wlingwithyourcolleaguesandgetawayfrommundaneerrands.
答案是B。
Google'screttosuccess?
tinghi-techproducts.
highsalarytotheemployeesandpracticingstrictmanagement.
gthehappinessofitmployeesasmuchasinnovatinggood
products.
答案是C。
英译汉。
1WorkingforGooglecomeswithperksthatmostotherorganizationscan't
provide—bowlingalleys,freehaircuts,gymmemberships,andshuttlestoandfrom
work.
在谷歌公司工作,可以获得其他公司不能提供的诸多福利:保龄球馆,免费
理发,健身会员卡,班车。
2Creatingaworkculturethatkeepmployeeshappywillmotivatethemtodo
theirbestandwillkeepthemloyaltothecompany.
打造能够让员工开心工作的文化氛围,可以激发他们努力工作,并坚持忠于
公司。
3Googlealsomakesitmployeeswanttoworkbecaumanagersprovide
tasksthatareinspiringandchallenging.
谷歌公司能够保持员工工作欲望,因为管理人员能给他们提供鼓舞人心、有
挑战性的任务。
4Thisfreedomtakemployeesoutoftheirroutineandawayfromthe
mundanetasksthatoftenmakeworkersfeeluninspiredabouttheirjobs.
这样的自由可以使员工不用循规蹈矩,从单调乏味、毫无工作激情的任务中
解脱出来。
5Ifyouvaluepeople,andcareaboutthemaswholepeople,onethingyoudois
givethemavoice,andyoureallylisten.
如果你重视员工、尊重他们的完整人格,就给他们发言的机会,并认真倾听。
阅读范文分析重要信息,并判断正误。
Sample1
Mydreamjobinvolvesanextensiveamountofteamwork,suchasregular
hatthisjobemphasizescommunication
iousjobwas50%
teamprojects,andIamexcitedtocontinuethatkindofteamworkandopen
communicationhere.
Sample2
Mydreamjobwouldallowmetodevelopwebcontentforavarietyof
ettingtoknowdifferentclients,anddevelopingcontenttosuit
mple,inmylastjob,Iworkedforclientsinindustries
rangingfromhealthcaretoeducation,andreceivedpraiformyworkwithavariety
hatthisjobwouldallowmetoworkwitharangeofclients.
InformationMentioned(T)Not(F)
rstaffmeetingsandgroupprojects
communication
ingnesstotakepartinteamwork
tentdevelopment
perienceincookery
fromdifferentcompanies
gwithdifferentclients
答案是TFFTFTT
填写所需信息,仿写作文。
“What'syourdreamjob?”llikelyfocuson
figuringoutwhetherornotyouhavetherightskillstobesuccessfulinthejoband
whatwillmotivateyoutoperformthejob.
JobProfile
ListofDreamJob:
acustomerrvicejob
PublicRelationsDirector
AccountExecutive
ajobwithanon-profitenvironmentalorganization
ResponsibilitiesandSkills:
haveahighlevelofinteractionwithcustomers
enjoysolvingproblems,ormediatingconflicts
thriveunderpressure
a“peopleperson”wholikestoengagewithclientsorwiththelarger
community
MyDreamJob
阅读“JobProfile”后,以“MyDreamJob”写一篇文章,描述一下你自己的
理想工作,写完后,你可以通大家分享一下哦!
Mydreamistobecomeacustomerrvicereprentative,becauIam
outgoingandgoodatcommunicatingwithpeople,andIhaverichcontactsand
reallybecomeacustomerrvice
reprentativeinthefuture,IbelieveIcanbringmycustomerssatisfactoryrvice
andfeelings
第四单元自测
一、选择填空题
题目1
—You'asktheteamandlisten.
—__________
right.
,wecan'tdothat.
itwillkillourtime.
答案是A。
题目2
—__________
—Youmightaswellwriteathanks-note.
ouliketherewards?
youdowiththerewards?
ousuggestsomewaysoftherewards?
答案是C。
题目3
Learningnewthingshasalwaysbeenagreat______forme.
tor
te
tion
答案是A。
题目4
Self-esteemneedsmightincludethe______fromaworkplace.
s
ed
ed
答案是A。
题目5
thegame,_________.
r
ore
答案是A.
题目6
—CanIgetyouacoupleoftea?
—_________________________.
'sveryniceofyou
easure
,plea
答案是A.
题目7
—DoyoumindifIuvoucherstospendinarestaurant?
—__________
,plea.
d.
,thankyou.
答案是B。
题目8
______thejob,employersdon'twanttohirepeoplewhoaredifficulttoget
alongwith.
eof
less
lessof
答案是C。
题目9
Fifty-fivepercentoftherespondentssaidthatpraiandattentionfromtheir
supervisorwouldmakethemfeel______thecompanycaredaboutthemandtheir
well-being.
答案是A。
题目10
Anappreciatedgiftandthegestureofprovidingitwill______yourcoworker's
day.
p
答案是B。
二、阅读理解:根据文章内容,判断正误(共50分)。
TheRightWaytoMotivateEmployees
It'simportantforaCEOtobepassionateandenthusiastic,butthere'saline
ofprofessionalismthatmustalwaysbemaintained.
AccordingtoareportfromthetechnologywebsiteVentureBeat,PayPal
CEODavidMarcuswroteacriticallettertohimployeesblamingthemfornotusing
PayPalproductsandencouragingthemtoleaveiftheydidn'thavethepassiontou
theproductstheyworkfor.
Accordingtothewebsite,partoftheleakedletterreads:
“It'sbeenbroughttomyattentionthatwhentestingpayingwithmobileat
Cafe17lastweek,someofyourefudtoinstallthePayPalapp,andothersdidn't
'sunacceptabletome,andtherestof
myteam,'sthe
onlywaywecanmakethembetter,andbetter.”
“Inclosing,ifyouareoneofthefolkswhorefudtoinstallthePayPalapp
orifyoucan'trememberyourPayPalpassword,doyourlfafavor,goandfind
somethingthatwillconnectwithyourheartandmindelwhere.”
Whilenotobviousatfirst,theletterrevealsaproblemofmoraleand
ecutive,youcertainlywantyouremployeestouand
r,whenfacedwithasituationwherestaffisn't
embracingwhattheymake,youneedtoinvestigatetherootoftheproblem--not
threaten.
Whenfacedwithinternalproblems,goodexecutivesstartbyasking“why”.They
reachouttotheirexecutiveteamfirstandthentotheentirestafftofindtherootof
goutaone-sidednoteabouttheproblemisnot
leading,it'sretreating.
ecutivesneedtogetoutamongthe
tthat
companyemployeesarenotembracingandusingitsproductsisafailureof
ndoftheday,if
himployeeshavetobeforcedtoutheapp,howcanheexpectconsumersto
wanttowillinglypaytouit?Marcusshouldhavefocudonthreequestions:
•Whyareyounotusingtheapp?
•Whatisitthatwecandotoensureyouuourapp?
•Whatdoyouneedfromme?
操作提示:正确选T,错误选F。
lyneedstobepassionateandenthusiastic.
tprofessionalthatPayPalCEOblameshimployeesnottouPayPal
orforgetPayPalpasswords.
3.“Aone-sidednote”referstotherootofPayPal'sproblem.
cedwithinternalproblems,goodexecutivesfindtherootofa
problemintheirexecutiveteamfirst.
ecutivesneedtogivefeedbackimmediatelywhentheyarelistening
tothestaff.
答案:1.F2.T3.F4.T5.F
第五单元
一、选择填空题
题目1
—DoyouknowwhereIcanrepairmymotorcar?
—____________
'scheaptorepairamotorcar.
thestreetcorner.
vetoofasttodamageit.
答案是B。
题目2
—IthinkIhavemadeagreatmistake.
—____________
'llymadeanerror.
''sreallyterrible.
''snotyourfault.
答案是C。
题目3
Theworkmenwantto________thenumberofworkinghoursandtoincrea
pay.
s
答案是B。
题目4
Theyhavecometotheconclusion________thiswinterwillbeevencolderthan
before.
答案是A。
题目5
Myleathershoescostme________thelastpairsIbought.
imesas
imeas
imesasmuchas
答案是C。
题目6
—Over-the-top?Youmean…
—____________
,sometimesyourco-workersfeelthatyouaretooloud.
,Idon't.
alot.
答案是C。
题目7
—Whydidn'tyoucometomybirthdaypartyyesterday?
—____________
me,myfriendntmeaflower.
,butmywifehadacaraccident.
,Inevergotobirthdayparties.
答案是B。
题目8
Withouthisassistance,I________therearchlastmonth.
othavecompleted
otfinish
notfinish
答案是A。
题目9
Lindawalkedatthehead,________byhercolleagues.
ed
ing
ow
答案是A。
题目10
Pleaaskthesolicitorwhathis________wouldbetotakethecatocourt.
答案是B。
二、阅读理解:根据文章内容,判断正误(共50分)。
PerformanceManagementandPerformanceAppraisal
绩效管理和绩效评估
Performancemanagementaimstoacknowledgeemployeeachievements,
supporttheirpersonalandprofessionaldevelopment,andmotivateandempower
mancemanagementhelps
employeestodeveloptheirunderstanding,knowledgeandskillssothattheycan
contributetotheachievementoftheenterpri'sgoalsandgainpersonalandjob
italpartofanyqualityhumanresourcesystem.
绩效管理的目的在于:肯定雇员的成绩,帮助他们实现个人成长及职业发展,
激励他们并使他们能够更加有效地完成工作。绩效管理旨在帮助员工提高认知水
平、专业知识和技能,以便他们在努力实现企业目标的同时,增强对自身和职业
的满意度。这是任何有效的人力资源管理制度的重要组成部分。
Everyenterpriwantsandshouldexpecthighperformancefromeach
mentsofacompetency-badperformancemanagementsystem
will,ifimplementedwell,enablehighperformancewhichwilldefineenterpriand
erformancemanagementprocess,anenterpricanbe
doneby:
每个企业都需要也期待每一个员工有优异的表现。如果基于能力评定的绩效
管理制度的各项指标得以有效实施,就可以确保高效能,这意味着企业和员工共
同获得成功。通过绩效管理手段,企业将更能应付有竞争力的挑战。这可以通过
以下措施得以实现:
●identifyingthecriticalpositions
•找出核心岗位;
●determiningthemostimportantcompetenciesforthoposition
•确定这些岗位所需的关键能力;
●providingtheeducation,trainingandfeedbackrequiredbyemployees
•提供员工要求的教育、培训和反馈;
●holdingeachpersonaccountablefortheirresults
•使每个人各尽其责。
Thekeytotheperformancemanagementprocessis‘performance
appraisal'.Performanceappraisalissimplyanevaluationofhowwellanemployee
systematicprocessoffeedbackonanemployee'sworkperformance,andagreement
tofuturetrainingplans,jobgoalsandjobaspirations.
绩效管理过程的关键是“绩效评估”。绩效评估,简单地说,就是对照一系
列既定的标准来评价员工的工作表现。它是对员工工作表现的系统反馈,也是确
定未来培训安排、工作目标和工作预期的依据。
Tobeeffective,aperformanceappraisalneedstohaveatofagreed
cf
competencyprovideaveryeffectivetoolforttingbenchmarksorcriteriaforwork
formancecriteriawithinunitsofcompetencycanbeudas
measurestoasssagainstinaperformanceappraisalorreview.
为了更加有效,绩效评估需要设定一套一致的标准,作为确定评价反馈和工
作目标的依据。工作绩效的标准或要求是按人的各项能力来设定的。这样的业绩
标准可以在绩效评估和评议时作为标尺来衡量。
操作提示:正确选T,错误选F。
mancemanagementisaveryimportantpartofanyqualityhuman
resourcesystem.
ofperformancemanagementistopunishtheunqualifiedemployees.
rpricanbebetterplacedtomeetcompetitivechallengesby
providingtheeducation,trainingandfeedbackrequiredbyemployees,forexample.
nterpricanexpecthighperformancefromeachemployee.
5.“Performancemanagement”isalsocalled“performanceappraisal”.
答案:1.T2.F3.T4.F5.F
选词填空,熟悉绩效评估中的常用词汇。
Motivateempowerelementsimplementcompetencystandardcriteria
benchmark
ditionallessonsmightgetyouuptothedemandedbythe
examiners.
正确答案:standard
ess,thenextpresidentwill”policiesandtakecreditforhelping
thisinevitabletransformation.
正确答案:implement
ofthechurchencompasswhichdemonstratethe
relationbetweenEasternandWesternChristianArt.
正确答案:elements
ryandbusinessleadersthatembodythisprincipaltheirteam
andearnrespect.
正确答案:empower
'veearnedthatrightovertheyearsandtthefortherestofus.
正确答案:benchmark
othyoungandoldtofindcreativesolutions,practicenew
skills,andkeeptheirbrainsactive.
正确答案:Motivate
ureeachjob,dfourcore:pay,outlook,
workenvironment,andstress.
正确答案:criteria
oolispushingtheboundsofblendedlearningwithaFlexmodelthat
is-bad.
正确答案:competency
二、阅读理解:根据文章内容,完成选择题(共50分)。
HowtoHandleaBadPerformanceReview
如何面对不佳的绩效考核结果?
Gettingabadperformancereviewcanmakeyoufeelangry,unappreciated,
defeated,'erthattheway
you
believethatthereviewisinaccurateandthatyourbossiscompletelywrong,youwill
benefitbyreactinginamature,esomesuggestions:
绩效考核的成绩欠佳可能会让你感到愤怒、不被认可、挫败和丧失希望。但
这并不是世界末日。要记住,你对这次绩效考核结果的反应,会大大影响你下次
的考核结果。即使你认定考评结果不准确,或者你的老板完全错了,如果你通过
成熟的、成年人的方式去应对,你将受益匪浅。
ally,do
s,thepersongivingthe
performancereviewmayormaynotbetheonewhohaswrittenthebadreview.
镇定下来,放松,深呼吸。持客观态度,不要反应过度。特别是,不要说你
之后会后悔的话。另外,拿给你这份考评结果的人可能并不是写下这份考评的人。
WhattoDoWhenReceivingaBadPerformanceReview
收到成绩欠佳的考评结果时该怎么做
It'ecommentsorremarksonlywhen
s,duringtheperformancereview,youwillbegiventhe
chancetorespondandmaydisagree.
最好的做法是认真聆听。只在需要你回应时,你才反馈你的看法和意见。
另外,在进行绩效考评时,你会有机会回应,甚至提出异议。
WhattoDoAfterReceivingaBadPerformanceReview
收到成绩欠佳的考评结果以后该怎么做
Don'tbeintimidatedbythebadperformancereviewandwanttoquitthe
job;instead,,iftheorganizationallowstheiremployeestomakea
writtenstatementontheirownbehalf,portantfortheworkerto
showwhyshedoesnotagreewiththebedperformancereview;forinstance,an
employeemayexpresstheirdifferentunderstandingand,atthesametime,a
willingnesstocomplywithanyconstructivesuggestions.
如果绩效考核结果不佳,不要过于担心,甚至想辞去工作,而应该从中吸取
教训。同时,如果公司允许员工自己提供一份书面说明,一定要写一份。对于被
考核者来说,表达出不认同不良评定的原因是很重要的。例如,被考核者可在表
达不同看法的同时,表示愿意接受有益建议。
WaystoImproveaBadPerformanceReview
改善绩效考核不良成绩的方法
Awaytoimproveabadperformancereviewistotlf-reviews,thatis,
rwaytoimproveabadreviewistolearn
moreaboutwhatthemanager,supervisor,orbosswantsorexpectsfromhis/her
ngwhatitwasthatcaudabadperformancereviewhelpsto
improveprofessionalgrowthandencouragesaswellasmotivatestheworkertodo
betterinordertoreceiveagoodreviewnexttime.
改善绩效考核不良成绩的一个有效方法是建立自我评价体系,也就是设定业
绩标准。另一个办法是更多地去了解你的经理、上司或老板对员工的期望。让员
工了解自己绩效评价结果不佳的原因可以帮助促进其专业发展,鼓励并激励其在
下次考核时取得好的成绩。
英译汉。
yourespondtothisappraisalcanmakeallthedifferenceinthenext
one.
你对这次绩效考核结果的回应方式,会大大影响你下次的考核结果。
mmentsorremarksonlywhenaskedforthem.
只有在需要你回应时,你才反馈你的看法和意见。
'tbeintimidatedbythebadperformancereviewandwanttoquitthejob;
instead,learnfromit.
如果绩效考核结果不佳,不要过于惧怕,甚至想辞去工作,而应该从中吸取
教训。
oyeemayexpresstheirdifferentunderstandingand,atthesametime,
awillingnesstocomplywithanyconstructivesuggestions.
被考核者可在表达不同看法的同时,表示愿意接受任何有益建议。
improveabadperformancereviewistotlf-reviews,thatis,
establishperformancestandards.
改善绩效考核不良成绩的一个有效方法是建立自我评价体系,也就是设定业
绩标准。
操作提示:通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案。
ouldyoudowhenyouaregivenabadperformancereview?
ithyourboss.
mediateremarks
lmandlistencarefully.
ouldyoudoafteryouaregivenabadperformancereview?
urjobimmediately.
onmakingcomments.
romthereview.
ouldyoudoifyoudonotagreewiththebadperformancereview?
ebossdirectlythatyoudonotagreewiththereview.
rittenstatementonyourownbehalfifitisallowed.
xpressyourdifferentunderstandinginawrittenstatement.
ouimproveabadperformancereview?
tandtheestablishedperformancestandards.
oreaboutwhattheemployeewantsorexpects.
hatthepersonwhogivesthereviewmaythink.
uldweunderstandthecauofabadperformancereview?
eithelpstheemployeetogetpromotedimmediately.
eitencouragesandmotivatestheworkertodobetter.
eitpreventstheemployeefromprofessionalgrowth.
答案是:CCBAB
第六单元
一、选择填空题
题目1
—CanIhavethreedaysoffnextweek,?
—_____.Icanmanagewithoutyou.
A.I'mafraidnot
nds
答案是B。
题目2
—Ifyoudon'tbelieveinyourlf,nooneelwill.
—_____.Confidenceisreallyimportant.
'snotthepoint
'tthinkso
n'tagreemore
答案是C。
题目3
Tobuildtherervoir(水库),thousandsofpeoplehavetobe_______.
ted
ed
ed
答案是A。
题目4
Onhearingthenewsof______themajorexamagain,thegirlburstintotears.
ingfailed
led
ngfailed
答案是A。
题目5
All_____glitters(闪闪发光)isnotgold.
答案是A。
题目6
—Don'tworry,torsaiditwasonlyacommoncold.
—________!I'lltellDadthere'snothingrious.
elief
prising
C.I'msosorry
答案是A。
题目7
—I'mgoingtoBeijingforafewdays.
—_______.IwishIcouldgowithyou.
n'tmatter
it
yenvyyou
答案是C。
题目8
Bytheendoftheyear,thesalesplanforthenextyear______.
made
vebeenmade
enmade
答案是B。
题目9
Thereisno_____thefactthatheisthebeststudentintheclass.
g
答案是C。
题目10
rwords,theyare______for
survival.
oven
ependent
ational
答案是B。
二、阅读理解:根据文章内容,判断正误(共50分)。
JackWelchLeadingOrganizationalChangeatGE
杰克·韦尔奇领导通用电气的机构改革
WhenJackWelch,theChairmanandCEOatGeneralElectric(GE)retiredin
2001,meCEOin1981atthe
time,GEhadaverycomplexorganizationalstructurewith
considerablybureaucraticrules.
2001年,通用电气公司董事长兼首席执行官杰克·韦尔奇退休,回顾他
的职业生涯,可谓事业有成。1981年他45岁时成为首席执行官。当时的通用电
气机构臃肿,官僚主义盛行。
Oneofhisfirstchangeswastoinitiateastrategyformulationprocesswith
theguidelinethateachofthebusinessshouldbenumber1or2intheirrespective
wasnottheca,managershadtheoptionsoffixingtheproblem,
llingtheirparticularbusiness,forttostreamlinethe
organization,Welchremovedthectorlevelandeliminatedthousandsofsalaried
andhourlyemployeepositions.
他的首要变革就是,启动战略制定程序,其原则是:每项业务在各自领域都
要做到数一数二。否则,其业务经理面临三种选择:一是解决问题,二是出售业
务,三是关门大吉。为了精简机构,韦尔奇取消了科级部门,裁掉了成千上万的
计时付酬的工人。
Therestructuringwasfollowedbychangingtheorganizationalcultureand
themanagerialstylesofGE'hprogramwastheWork-Out(群策
群力).Groupsofmanagerswereasmbledtosharetheirviewsopenlyinthree-day
eginningofthemeetings,thesuperiorprentedthechallengesfor
esuperiorhadtoleave,requestingthegroups
tators(会议主持人)helpedthediscussions.
Onthelastday,ethen
hadthreechoices:toaccepttheproposal,nottoacceptit,ortocollectmore
ocessputgreatpressureonthesuperiortomakedecisions.
机构重组之后,他便着手改革企业文化和整顿经理们的管理作风。他采用一
种被称为“群策群力”的解决方案。具体做法是,部门经理们用三天时间分组开
会,公开交流意见。会议伊始,主管领导向下属单位经理提出问题,随后便离开
会场,让这些经理研究出解决方案,小组主持人组织讨论。会议最后一天,主管
领导会收到经理们提交的解决方案。主管领导可以有以下三种选择:接受方案、
不接受方案或者收集更多信息。这种做法给主管领导的决策增加了压力。
AnotherprogramtoimproveeffectivenessandefficiencywasBest
wastolearnfromothercompanieshowtheyobtainedcustomer
satisfaction,howtheyrelatedtotheirsuppliers,andinwhatwaystheydeveloped
lpedtheGEpeopletofocusontheprocessintheir
operationsthatwouldimprovethecompany'sperformance.
另一种提高效率的做法叫“最佳实践”,其目的是向其他公司学习怎样赢得
客户满意,学习怎样与供应商打交道,学习怎样开发新产品。这样做有助于通用
人将他们的生产活动集中在改进公司的业绩方面。
JackWelchwaspersonallyinvolvedindevelopingmanagersatGE'straining
s,Welchsuggested,arenotonlythowhoachieve
resultsbutalsothowhosharethevaluesofthecompany.
杰克·韦尔奇还亲自到克罗顿维尔的通用培训中心参与对经理的培训。他认
为,领导者不仅要能够达成既定目标,还要能够分享公司的价值观。
操作提示:正确选T,错误选F。
lchretiredattheageof65.
lchinsistedthateachofthebusinessshouldbeatleastnumber3in
theirrespectivearea.
usinesscouldnotmeetWelch'schangerequirements,itsmanagerhad
3choices.
tructuringwentbeforechangingtheorganizationalcultureandthe
managerialstylesofGE'smanagers.
kOutlastedaweek.
答案:1.T2.F3.T4.T5.F
HowtoadapttoChangeintheWorkplace?
如何适应职场变化
Ifthere'sonewordthatcapturestheesnceofwhatisoccurringinthe
worldtoday,it's“change”.Downsizing,reorganizing,andcuttingcosts,arenowthe
emostconrvativeinstitutionsare
undergoingsignificantchangesjusttosurvive.
如果用一个词来捕捉当今世界的本质特征,那非“变化”莫属。裁员、重
组、降低成本如今已经成了生存的常态,无一行业可以幸免。为了生存,哪怕最
保守的机构也要进行改革。
Changemanagementhasalwaysbeenanissueofdebateamongstscholars:
howcanemployerscreatesuitableconditionsforasuccessfulchangeprocess?And
whatcanemployeesdotogetthroughit?
应对变化是学者们经常争论的一个话题:雇主如何才能为成功推进改革
进程创造合适的条件?员工们又该如何应对?
Tipsfordealingwithchangeintheworkplace:
小贴士:如何应对职场变化
•Makeyourlfawarethatchangehappens:ithappensinpersonallife;it
notliveinthepast,sodenyingthatchange
couldoccuronlymakesthingsmorecomplicatedforyou.
·让自己认识到,变化总是会发生的,生活在变,工作也在变。你不能
生活在过去,因此,否认变化的发生只能使事情变得对你来说更加复杂。
•Stayalertintheworkplace:
youcomeacrosscluesthathintchangeisontheway,acknowledgethem!
·时刻保持清醒的头脑:注意身边发生的一切。当你看到有迹象表明变
化即将发生时,要敢于面对。
•'tlaybackandexpectthings
dtogetacquaintedwiththeoccurringchanges.
Seekmoredetailsfromyourmanagementandpeerstoformanaccurate
sparentandhonestaboutyourfears:dealing
epictureasclearasyou
can.
·保持沟通渠道畅通。不要只是退缩等待,希望凡事都会顺利过去。你
需要了解正在发生的变化,从领导和同事那儿了解更多的详情,形成对事情的正
确认识。坦诚面对自己的担忧,应对未知之事往往会令人不快,令人畏惧。尽可
能把情况弄清楚。
•isatimewhenone'sconfidenceaboutone's
izeyourstrengthsandwhereyoucould
ametime,stayawareofyourdevelopmentalareasand
workonimprovingtho.
·自我评估。变革的时候,人们往往对自己的技能和能力产生怀疑。清
楚自己的优势,并知道在什么地方能发挥出来。同时,明白自己的发展领域,并
努力改进完善。
•Don'makethechangeprocessmuchharderifyouarerigid.
Beflexibleenoughtolookatthedifferentanglesofthechangeandewhereyou
couldapplyyour“existing”skillsandknowledge,andwhatnewskillsyouneedto
acquire.
·不要固执死板。顽固不化只会使进程的改变变得更难。要足够灵活,
从各个不同的角度看待改变,发现自己在哪些地方可以运用“现有”的技能和知
识,有哪些新技能有待掌握。
•ositiveattitudeanddon'tletyourlfdrownin
eyourlfinthenewprocess;locateyourlfproperlyinthenew
!
·保持乐观。保持积极心态,不要让自己犹豫不决。参与到新的变化进
程中去,在新的环境下重新定位、调整自我、迅速适应!
“Youcan'tgettothetopofEverestbyjumpingupthemountain.
Youcan'tgettothetopofEverestbyjumpingupthemountain.
没人可以一步跨上珠穆朗玛峰峰顶。这句话的意思相当于“不积跬步,无以
至千里”。
step,yougetto
thegoal,”saysRobinSharma,oneoftheworld'smostsought-afterleadershipand
personalsuccesxperts.
世界上最受推崇的一位领导学和个人成功领域的专家罗宾·夏玛说:“没
人可以一步跨上珠穆朗玛峰峰顶。只有踏着坚实的脚步才能到达山顶。一步一步
地,你就可以达到目的地。”
根据短文内容,判断正误。
StatementsTF
d“change”istheesnceofwhatishappening
intheworldtoday.
√
rtosurvive,everyindustryhastogothrough
dramaticchanges.
√
rsldomdiscusschangemanagement.
√
onotadmitthatchangehappens,itwillonly
makethingsmoredifficultforyou.
√
isatimewhenpeopleareconfidentabouttheir
skillsandcapabilities.
√
答案是:TTFTF
操作提示:通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案。
riscarryoutdownsizing,reorganizingandcuttingcostsinorderto
()
nonthenumberofworkers
fletheorganization
e
2.“Noindustryixempt”means()
stryisanexception
stryisanexample
ryindustrycanbeexempted
lowingquestionsareoftendiscusdamongscholarsEXCEPT()
bosscreatefavorableconditionsforchange
productivitybeincread
nworkersdotogetthroughchange
ysuggestionsdoestheauthorputforward?()
A.4
B.5
C.6
epassage,weknowthatRobinSharmais()
rtonleadership,andpersonalsuccess
leader
ewholikestoplaythegameofHideandSeek
答案:1.C2.A3.B4.C5.A
第七单元自测
一、选择填空题
题目1
—dhavecalledyouearlier.
—__________.I'vejustarrived
'snotrouble
welcome
'sallright
答案是C。
题目2
—Terriblysorrytointerrupt,butmayIuyourdictionary?
—Yes,______________.
n’tmatter
y
答案是A。
题目3
Thereason_____hewasabntfromclassyesterdaywasthathewasilland
hospitalized.
答案是B。
题目4
Compared______English,Chineisgenerallybelievedtobemoredifficultto
learn.
t
答案是A。
题目5
Theireconomyixport______.
ed
ating
ation
答案是A。
题目6
—Haveyoualreadypaid?What'smyshareofthebill?
—_________.Itwasn'tverymuch.
'smyshare
yourbusiness
'tworryaboutit
答案是C。
题目7
—TheAutoShowintheCityStadiumhasbeencanceled.
—Oh,no!_________
ity!
n'tmatter!
'snotinterestingatall!
答案是A。
题目8
Anagreementwasreachedonthe_____ofmutualrespectandmutualinterest.
答案是C。
题目9
_____thereissmoke,thereisfire.
答案是C。
题目10
Allthe_____guestsareatedinthefrontrow.
guishing
uishing
guished
答案为C。
二、阅读理解:根据文章内容,判断正误(共50分)。
CreateaPositiveWorkplaceCulture
创建积极的企业文化
Incompetitivemarkets,leadersareunderincreadpressuretomaintaina
iveworkculturecultivatesgreateremployee
satisfaction;greateremployeesatisfactioncontributestohigherperformance;higher
performanceimpactsimprovedclientoutcomes;improvedclientoutcomes
contributetorviceexcellence.
在竞争激烈的市场中,领导者为保持积极的企业文化而备受压力。积极的
企业文化提升员工满意度,员工满意度越高,工作就越出色;工作越出色,顾客
就越多;顾客越多,服务质量就越好。
Positiveworkculturesarebuiltovertimeandneedconstantattention.
Suchculturesaredependentonleadershipvisionandvalues.
积极的企业文化是经过较长时间建立的,需要不断呵护。工作文化的形成靠
的是领导者的见识和价值观。
Aneffectiveleadertsthetonefortheteam,encouragesapositive
workplacecultureandisabletobringaboutculturalchange.
卓有成效的领导者为团队定下基调,鼓励积极文化的培养,大胆进行文化改
革。
Workplacecultureismadeupofthesharedattitudes,beliefs,behaviors,
v
“thewaywedothingsaroundhere”.
企业文化由共同的态度、观念、行为、价值观和期待构成,影响着职场员
工的工作方式。“这事在我们这里就得这么办。”
Someculturalaspectsareunderstoodbyallandareobvioussuchas
turningupforwokontime,whileothersmaybe"unwrittenrules"thatarenotso
obviousforexamplehowpersonalissuesareresolvedwithworkcolleagues.
有些文化现象显而易见,人人皆知,如按时上班;有些则是不成文的规矩,
不是很明显,如怎样处理同事间的关系。
Manyfactorsthatinfluencewhetheraworkplacehasapositiveoutlookare
realsofactorsoutof
theircontrol,
companycan,however,controlhowtheyrespondtothefactors.
影响企业文化是否积极的诸多因素掌控在企业员工手中。但有些因素是他们
无法掌控的,如全球价格下滑或者供需改变等。然而,企业可以掌控的是对这些
因素的应对方法。
Thocompaniesthatdocreatepositiveworkplaceenvironmentsdevelop
areputationintheircommunityasbeing‘goodtoworkfor'andhaveacompetitive
yarethecompaniesmoreabletoattractandretainpeople,they
tendtobemorestableastheyproactivelydealwithissuesandadapttochange.
那些真正创造了积极向上工作环境的企业在业界享有“最佳工作场所”的声
誉,具有竞争优势。这些企业不但能够更加吸引和留住人才,而且能够更加积极
主动地处理问题,更加稳妥地应对变革。
aremoreabletodealwithdifficultissuesiftheyfeelthevaluesoftheorganization
aresupportiveofthem.
当一个团队清楚人们对他们的期望时,他们的工作会做得最好。一旦感受
到企业价值观的支持,他们就更有能力处理棘手的问题。
Foraworkplaceculturetobepositive,thedirectionandactionsofthe
bus
peoplemusttrusteachotherandbeabletoopenlyexpressandexchangeideas.
若想要企业文化积极向上,企业的定位和运作机制必须与企业员工的核心
价值观一致。员工们必须相互信任,并能够公开表达和交换意见。
Workingthroughthestepswillhelpwithdevelopingapositivebusiness
culture.
以上步骤有助于形成积极的企业文化。
操作提示:正确选T,错误选F。
iveworkculturewillgiveworkersmoresatisfaction.
vecultureshavealottodowithleadershipvisionandvalues.
ectionandactionsforthebusinessmustdifferfromthecorevaluesof
theemployeesinorderforaworkplaceculturetobepositive.
etitivemarkets,leadersareundermoreandmorepressuretokeepa
positiveworkculture.
veworkculturecanbebuiltinashortperiodoftime.
答案:1.T2.T3.F4.T5.F
根据短文内容,完成下列题目。
fthefollowingisTRUEaboutapositiveculture?_________
ersaresatisfied,theywillnotworkhardanymore.
ositivecultureisbuilt,itwilltakecareofitlf.
iveworkculturewillgiveworkersmoresatisfaction.
答案是C。
vecultureshave_________todowithleadershipvisionandvalues.
e
答案是A
a“tsthetone”inPara.3means_________.
minesthequalityofasound
ishesaparticularstyleorcharacter
stheshadesofacolor
答案是B。
orkbestwhen_________.
owwhattheyareexpectedtodo
esupportedbythemanagement
rnmoremoneythanothers
答案是A
rkplaceculturetobepositive,thedirectionandactionsofthe
businessmust_________.
ethecorevaluesoftheemployeesandtheirfamilies
reementwiththecorevaluesoftheemployees
erentfromthecorevaluesoftheemployees
答案是B。
操作提示:通过下拉选项框选择正确的词汇。
Whatismuum?Amuumisagoodplacetokeepoldandbeautiful
mcanbeaplace
insideamuum?Somemuumshave
umshavepicturesandstatues(雕像).Others
eumevenhascoalmineinside!Many
rysmallhavemuums,apolis
engoto
eawhitebear
insideanoldlogcabin(小木屋).OnSaturday,Indianapolis
emovies.
答案:en'
第八单元自测
一、选择填空题
题目1
—lwill,ifyoudon't.
—____________________Confidenceisreallyimportant.
'snotmycupoftea.
'tthinkso.
n'tagreemore.
答案是C。
题目2
—I'dlikeawake-upcallat7:00a.m.,plea!
—OK,________________.
lcertainlymakeit.
B.I'llmakesureyougetone.
whatyoulike.
答案是B。
题目3
—Whoshouldberesponsiblefortheaccident?
—Theboss,stcarriedouttheorder______.
old
told
答案是B。
题目4
Hewillwritetomeassoonashe______home.
vereturned
s
turn
答案是B。
题目5
Thekey______successfulimplementationisclearlycommunicatingthestrategyto
thewholecompany.
答案是A。
二、阅读理解:根据文章内容,判断正误(共50分)。
VisionandExecution:TwoSidesofaSuccessfulStrategy
愿景和执行:成功战略的两个方面
Astrategicplanisnottheendgoalofthestrategicplanningprocess—it
strategicplanisput
intoeffect,ithasnorealvalue.
在战略规划过程中,战略规划不是最终目标,而是成功执行战略的一个
框架。一个规划只有被付诸实施时才具有重要价值。
,peopledirectly
igic
ttheinputandfeedbackofthe
peopleresponsibleforexecutingthestrategy,aeminglysolidstrategyislikelyto
fallapartwhenimplementationisattempted
有几个关键因素会影响成功实施。首先,在规划过程中必须把直接参与
执行策略的人考虑在内。战略规划不再是一个自上而下的指令。如果缺乏负责实
施计划的人员的投入与反馈,一个看似可靠的计划也可能在实施过程中功亏一
篑。
Thenextkeytosuccessfulimplementationisclearlycommunicatingthe
municationshouldensurethateveryonein
thecompanyunderstandsandacceptsthestrategyasthebestpathforward,andnot
simplytheleadership'tclearcommunication,employeeslacka
trategyisnotunderstoodor
embraced,itusuallyresultsinmisunderstandingandunevencommitmentsto
implementation.
成功实施的下一个关键因素是将战略清晰传达给整个公司。上下沟通应
该确保公司内每个人都理解这个战略,并把它当作前进的最佳路径,而不是把它
当作领导层的最新想法。没有明确的沟通,员工缺乏归属感和清晰的目标。当一
个企业战略不被员工理解或接受时,通常会导致误解,甚至造成实施过程中努力
程度的差异。
Anotherkeytothesuccessfulexecutionofastrategicplanistheclearand
emostbrilliant
strategyfacesfailureifitcannotbeexplainedclearlyandflourish.
另一个关键是对战略规划及其运作作出清晰和直接的描述。即使是最无
懈可击的战略,如果不解释简洁、清晰、到位,也会面临失败。
操作提示:正确选T,错误选F。
algoalofthestrategicplanningprocessisastrategicplan.
egicplanisvaluableifitixecuted.
refourkeystosuccessfulimplementation.
trategyislikelytofallapartifwithouttheinputandfeedbackofthe
peopleresponsibleforexecutingonthestrategy.
ship'sideadeterminesall.
答案:1.F2.T3.F4.T5.F
根据短文内容,列出影响成功实施战略计划的关键因素。
1First,peopledirectlyinvolvedinexecutingthestrategymustbeincludedinthe
planningprocess.
2Thenextkeytosuccessfulimplementationisclearlycommunicatingthe
strategytothewholecompany.
3Thethirdkeyistheclearandstraightforwarddescriptionoftheplanandits
operations.
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