四大名著英文

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中国四大名著英文简介

ChineLiterature-Novelsandfiction

Hongloumeng红楼梦"TheDreamoftheRed

Chamber"

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Alsocalled"ThestoryoftheStone(Shitouji石

头记)",thisnovelwrittenbyCaoXueqin曹雪

芹(d.1763)issaidtobethegreatest

ranched

scholarshipdoesnotconntaboutthemain

themeofthisnovel,shoulditbeanovelof

ntiment,ofDaoist-Buddhistenlightenment,of

socialobrvation,ofthedecayofanaristocratic

familiy,orevenaveiledattackonManchurule.

Theframeofthenovelisthecontestofa

BuddhistandaDaoistpriestwhomakebeborn

ayoungnobleboycalledJiaBaoyu贾宝玉

andhisgirlcousinLinDaiyu林黛玉.Witha

lovingdetaildescribingthelifeofthetwo

cousinsinahugenoblemansion,between

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gardensandpalaces,theredthreadisthe

triangularlovebetweenBaoyu,Daiyuanda

condgirlcousincalledXueBaochai薛宝钗

thatisofmoreplumpercharacterthantheever

ingbetweentheirlife,the

divineworldanddreams,Baoyubecomes

derangedafterthedisappearanceofastone(the

originofthecondtitle)hehadinhismouth

wing,hisloveDaiyu

died,heistrickedtomarryingBaochai.

Becomingawareofbeingtricked,Baoyuleaves

theworldofthe"reddust"andbecomesa

ndredsofpersonsandtheir

stories,parallelingthelifeandfeelingsof

rvantstothelifeofthemainpersons,the

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storyisverycomplexandfullofsymbolisms,

butveryinterestingandconvincingforits

encyclopediccharacter,depictingthelifeofa

noblefamiliyinthe18thcenturyQingChina

清.

三国演义RomanceofTheThreeKingdoms

RomanceofTheThreeKingdomsisoneofthe

greatchineclassicsandiscompiledintoa

mi-fictionalliterarymasterpieceduringthe

el

comprisaround70+%factand20+%fiction.

SomeissuessuchasGuanYu'sweapon

weighingaround40+kilograms,thecapabilties

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ofLuBu,LiuBei'shorsaswellasthe

existenceoftheHilloftheFallenPhoenixand

someothersareprobablyfictional.

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Thatperiodinhistorycanbesaidasthegolden

ageofchivalryandalthoughithappenedmore

than1700yearsago,characterssuchasLiuBei,

CaoCao,GuanYu,ZhangFeiandZhugeLiang

havebecomehouholdnamesamongthe

ftheirexploits,courage,

adventuresandmanymorearetoldinthenovel

"RomanceofTheThreeKingdoms".

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Itisoneofthemostturbulentperiodsin

China'shistorytakingplacetowardtheendof

theHanDynastywherecorruptionisrampantin

theimperialcourtduetoeunuchesholding

dwithnaturaldisasterssuchas

floods,plagueandlocustswarmsdevouringthe

cropsgrownbythepeasants,hungerand

disatisfactionamongthepeasantssoonescalated

rapidlyuntilamajorrebellionknownasthe

"YellowScarvesRebellion"ledbyZhangJiao

brokeout.(Itwasdubbed"YellowScarves"

becautherebelstiedayellowscarfontheir

head).Initiallyjustasmallbandofrebels,dueto

widespreadhungerandill-ntimentamongthe

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populace,swarmsofcommonfolksjoinedin

therebellionacrossmanypartsofthecountry.

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三国演义人物介绍

刘备

LiuBei(161–223AD),styledXuándé(玄徳),

wasageneral,warlord,andlaterthefounding

emperorofShuHanduringtheThree

ghhavingalater

startthanhisrivals,alsolackingboththe

materialresourcesandsocialstatusthey

commanded,LiuBeiovercamehismanydefeats

tocarveouthisownrealm,thatatitspeak

spannedmoderndaySichuan,Guizhou,Hunan,

partofHubei,andpartofGansu.

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Culturally,duetothetremendouslypopular

novelRomanceoftheThreeKingdomsbyLuo

Guanzhong,LiuBeiiswidelyknownastheideal

benevolent,humanerulerwhocaredforhis

racter

wastoadvocatetheConfuciantofmoral

values,suchasloyaltyandcompassion.

张飞

ZhangFei(?-221AD)wasamilitarygeneralof

ShuHanduringtheThreeKingdomraof

China.

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ZhangFeiwasshowntohavebeenamasterful

ted

hissuperiorswithrespect,buthadlittlerespect

ftenwarnedbyLiu

Beithathishabitofover-punishinghisown

soldiersbylashingandkillingwouldeventually

bringhimlfdisaster.

ZhangFeimarriedXiahouYuan'sdaughter,

whowascapturedbyZhangFei'stroopsasshe

datotalof

twodaughters,andtheolderdaughterbecame

theempressofShuHanaftermarryingLiuShan,

ZhangFei'ldestdaughterhadpasdaway

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duetonaturalcaus,ZhugeLiangonceagain

playedtheroleofmatchmaker,andLiuShan

marriedZhangFei'syoungerdaughter,whothus

succeededheroldersistertobecomethe

empressofShuHan.

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ZhangFeiisbestportrayedthroughhis

descriptionandactionsdepictedinRecordsof

ThreeKingdomsbiographybyChenShou.

SomeclaimthatZhangFeiwasalsoanexcellent

painter.

ZhangFeiwaskilledbyhisownmenZhangDa

andFanJiang,whilepreparinghistroopsto

attacktherivalEasternWutoavengethedeath

aandFanJiangwenton

todefecttoWu.

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水浒传OutlawsoftheMarsh

Thenovel"OutlawsoftheMarsh"issomewhat

liketheIliadandOdysy...Anancientepic

tale...noonerememberstheperioditwas

compodandimmortalized.

Oneknowsthisstoryisbadonrealfactsand

hasinspiredmanystorytellers.

OneknowstheNorthSongDynasty(XIIIth

Century)liveditsapogeeanddeclined,avictim

ofcorruptionanddecadence.

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Onefindshistoricaltracesoftheoutlawswho

challengedtheimperialauthorityanddiedunder

theexecutioner'sblade.

Atlast,asanyoneknowstodaythatamancalled

HomerwrotetheIliadandOdysy,noone

doubtsanymorethatamancalledShiNai-an

wrotedownduringtheXIVthcenturythenovel

OutlawsoftheMarshthatreachedus.

EveryonerecognizesthatJinSheng-tan,during

theXVIIthcentury,publishedwhatisnow

famousastheoriginalversionofanovelthat

obtainedtheinterestandinfatuationof

successivegenerations.

WaterMarginorOutlawsoftheMarsh("All

menarebrothers"inPearlBuck'stranslation,

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"Shuihuzhuan"inChine,"AuBorddel'Eau"

inFrench)isanimmortalnovelbecauitstale

isuniversal:itspeaksofbeings(outlawsbut

alsonotables,strongmuscledheroesbutalso

intellectual,anarchistsbutalsophilosophers...)

whocannotbearinjusticenorabunor

arbitrariness...

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Thatisthereasontheyareimmortalandtheir

popularityhaslastedforcenturies.

Discoverthe108heroes,theepisodes,the

paper-cutsreprentingthem,theBeijingoperas

theirfightingexploitsinspired...

人物

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GaiPingHealthgavespeciallovemakethe

worldanyway,argesto

stick,chicken,anddidnottakewives,allhit

eCreekVillagehaunted

legends,villagersdiggingariverinthetown

engravedart,ghostwasrushedtotheEastven.

Classicalhell,thenalonewillbeengravedCreek

VillageinplacesawayfromtheEastsidedown.

Thusso-called"Totakings".

晁盖平生仗义疏财，专爱结交天下好汉，

闻名江湖。喜欢刺枪使棒，身强力壮，不取

妻室，终日打熬筋骨。传说邻村西溪村闹鬼，

村人凿了一个青石宝塔镇在溪边，鬼就被赶

到了东溪村。晁盖大怒，就去西溪村单独将

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青石宝塔夺了过来在东溪边放下。因此人称

“托塔天王〞。

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西游记PilgrimagetotheWest

JourneytotheWestisamythologicalnovel

wasprobablyputintoitsprentforminthe

15708byWuCheng’en(1500-82).

Thislivelyfantasyrelatestheamazing

adventuresofthepriestSan-zangashetravels

westinarchofBuddhistsutraswithhisthree

disciples,theirreverentandcapableon-

key,greedyPig,ning

chaptersrecounttheearlierexploitsofMonkey,

thenlearnhowSanzangbecameamonkand

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wasntonhispilgrimagebytheTangemperor

whohadescapeddeathwiththehelpofan

Underworldofficial.

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Themainstory,thejourney,takesthepriest

throughallkindsofentertainingtrialsand

tribulations,mainlyatthe

handsofmonstersandspiritswhowanttoeat

ecourageandpowersofhis

disciples,especiallyMonkey,savehimfrom

istheheroofthefantasy,and

thereaderwillsoonlearnwhyhehaslongbeen

epilgrimsreachthe

VulturePeakandobtaintheScriptures?The

answerwillonlybefoundattheendofthe

lOO-chapternovel.

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ThestoryisasfullofimaginationasMonkeyis

ofmagic,andpackedwithincidentand

ustrationsare

the

firstofthethreevolumesofthenovel.

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