专⼋单词详解全部
1.Abate:
减弱;减轻;减低
abateatax
减税
Theshipsailedwhenthestormabated.
风暴减弱时船开航了。
消除;停⽌
abatethesmokenuisanceinbigcities
消除⼤城市中讨厌的煤烟
冲销;减免
废除,撤销(法令等)
te:
放弃;退(位);辞(职)
toabdicateone'sresponsibilities
放弃责任
toabdicatetheoffice辞职
:
vt.
;诱拐
Thepolicethinktheboyhasbeenabducted.
警察认为那个孩⼦已被了。
ntadj.(形容词)
aberrance或aberrancyn.(名词)
Deviatingfromtheproperorexpectedcour.
越轨的,脱轨的:偏离常规或预定轨道的
Deviatingfromwhatisnormal;untruetotype.
偏离正常的;不正常的
adj.越离常规的;离开正路的
arocketonanaberrantcour
逸出轨道的⽕箭
t.厌恶,憎恶;痛恨
entadj.可恶的,格格不⼊的
Iabhortotelllies.我憎恶撒谎。
veadj.(形容词)n.(名词)Asubstancethatabrades.磨料:磨蚀的物质Causingabrasion.
造成磨蚀的
Harshandroughinmanner.
⽣硬粗暴的:态度⽆礼且粗暴的
anabrasivevoice沙哑的声⾳
evt.
赦免;免罪
toabsolveapersonfromblame赦免某⼈
解除(承诺、义务等)
Theyagreetoabsolveusfromourobligation.他们同意免除我们的责任。
nvi.戒(烟、酒等)ence节制,节欲,戒酒toabstainfromsmoking戒烟;节制;弃
权
Heabstainedfromspeakingatthemeeting.
会上,他默不作声。
Sheabstainedfromvoting.
她弃权了。
同意;应允accessionn.
就职,就任,添加,增加
Weaccededtohisrequest.
我们同意他的请求。
就职:
Theprinceaccededtothethronewhenthekingdied.国王死后,王⼦继承了王位。
参加,加⼊
Ourgovernmentaccededtothetreaty.我国政府加⼊了该条约。
vi.增加,增多
Theinterestaccruedoverthemonths.
利息逐⽉⾃然增加。
Abilitytothinkwillaccruetoyoufromgoodhabitsofstudy.
有了良好的学习习惯,思考能⼒就⾃然会有所提⾼。
niousadj.(形容词)acrimonyn.⾔谈举⽌上的刻毒,讽刺,毒辣
Bitterandsharpinlanguageortone;rancorous:
刻薄的,激烈的:⾔词或语调尖刻,刻薄;充满仇恨的:
anacrimoniouson-airexchangebetweenthecandidateandtheanchorperson.
候选⼈与节⽬主持⼈通过⽆线电⼴播进⾏的⾔词尖刻的辩论
tadj.强硬的;坚定不移的;固执的adamancy
Iamadamantaboutit.
我坚持这⼀点。
Hewasadamantinhisdeterminationtopunishthecorruptofficials.
他下了决⼼,坚决惩治那些贪官污吏。
He'ssoadamantthathoweverhardItriedtopersuadehimtojoinushedidnotchangehismind.
不管我怎样劝他跟我们⼀起⼲,他毫不动摇,不肯改变主意。
adv.(副词)
Forthespecificpurpo,ca,orsituationathandandfornoother:
特别地,专门地:为某⼀即将发⽣的特定⽬标、事件或局势⽽不为其他的:
acommitteeformedadhoctoaddresstheissueofsalaries.
委员会特别形成⽤以提交有关⼯资问题的提案
adj.(形容词)
Formedfororconcernedwithonespecificpurpo:
专门的:为某⼀特定⽬的形成的或与某⼀特定⽬的有关的:
anadhoccompensationcommittee.
专门的赔偿委员会
Improvidandoftenimpromptu:
即兴的,即席的:即席的,通常未事先准备的:
“Onanadhocbasis,Congresshas...placed...ceilingsonmilitaryaidtospecificcountries”(NewYorkTimes)“在事先未做
准备的情况下,国会已…规定了…对特定国家军事援助的最⾼限额”(纽约时报)
.(及物动词)adjudicationn.
LawTohearandttle(aca)byjudicialprocedure.
【法律】判决:通过司法程序听取及解决(案件)
Tostudyandttle(adisputeorcontroversy):
裁夺:研究并解决(争议或争论):
Theyhadtoasktheschoolprincipaltoadjudicatethequarrel.
不得不请校长裁夺争吵
:
:Tolendbeautyto;decorate:
使美观:为…增添美;装饰:
“thepalemimosasthatadornedthefavoritepromenade”(RonaldFirbank)
“浅⾊的含羞草装饰了最受欢迎的散步场所”(罗纳德·弗班克)
Tofitoutwithorasifwithornaments:
装备:以装饰物或似以装饰物装备:
“Thesugarplantationswereadornedwithwindmills”(AlecWaugh)
“⽢蔗种植园装备有风车”(亚历克·沃)
Toenhancethedistinction,beauty,splendor,orgloryof;addlusterto:
使增⾊:增添…的差别,美丽、光彩或光荣;为…增加光泽:
“Virtueadornedhismind”(JohnFord)
“为他思想增添光彩的美德”(约翰·福特)
.(及物动词)adulterationn.
adulteryn.通奸,通奸⾏为Adulterous.通奸的
Tomakeimpurebyaddingextraneous,improper,orinferioringredients.
掺杂:加⼊外来的,不当的或低等的成分使变得不纯
adj.(形容词)Spurious;adulterated.伪造的;掺杂的
adulteratedgoods假货
milkadulteratedwithwater搀了⽔的⽜奶
ln.(名词)
Agaoussuspensionoffinesolidorliquidparticles.
浮质:细⼩的固体或液体微粒的⽓态悬浮物
Asubstance,suchaspaint,adetergent,oranincticide,packagedunderpressurewithagaouspropellantforreleaas
asprayoffineparticles.
⽓雾剂:在压⼒下与⽓态压缩⽓体同装⼀处,以雾状细⼩微粒形式喷洒的物质,例如颜料、洗涤剂或杀⾍剂
Anaerosolbomb.喷雾剂的⼩容器
tn.v.
Anopenorintentionaloffen,slight,orinsult:
公开侮辱:公开或有意地冒犯、轻视或侮辱:
Suchbehaviorisanaffronttosociety.
这种⾏为是对社会的蔑视
atevt.
加剧;使恶化
Griefaggravatedherillness.
痛苦加重了她的病情。
激怒
IfheaggravatesmeanymoreIshallpunishhim.
如果他再惹我⽣⽓,我就要惩罚他。
Toreducetheintensityof;relieve:
减轻:减弱…的强度;消除:
allaybackpains.
减轻背痛
Tocalmorpacify;ttorest:
使冷静:使冷静或镇静;使平静下来:
allayedthefearsoftheworriedcitizens.
使焦虑不安的市民从恐惧中平静下来
ate:
Tomake(pain,forexample)morebearable:
减轻:使(痛苦等)更易于忍受:
adrugthatalleviatescoldsymptoms.
⼀种减轻感冒症状的药品b
cn.(名词)
Anannualpublicationincludingcalendarswithweatherforecasts,astronomicalinformation,tidetables,andotherrelated
tabularinformation.
年历;历书:⼀种年度出版物,包括含天⽓预报、天⽂信息、潮汐图表和其它相关表格信息的⽇历
Anannualpublicationcompodofvariouslists,charts,andtablesofinformationinonefieldormanyunrelatedfields.
年鉴:⼀种年度出版物,包括⼀个或多个不相关的领域的各种⽬录、图表和信息表格
mate
Tocombineintoaunifiedorintegratedwhole;onymsatmix
合并,结合:结合成⼀个统⼀体或整体;结合参见mix
Tomixoralloy(ametal)withmercury.
使汞齐化:使(⼀种⾦属)与汞混合或制成合⾦
.(不及物动词)
Tobecomecombined;unite.
合并;联合
Touniteorblendwithanothermetal.
混汞:和另⼀种⾦属结合或混合
lentadj.
(对⼈、事物)有⽭盾⼼理的
Thereisanambivalentfeelingtowardsruralworkers.
⼈们对于民⼯的⼼情是复杂的。
leadj.
可受指导的;可受影响的
Heisamenabletoreason.
他通情达理。
(常与to连⽤)服从法律的
ity
n.(名词)
【复数】
Bitterhostilityoropenenmity;onymsatenmity
憎恶,敌意,仇恨:强烈的敌意或公开的敌对;强烈的憎恨参见enmity
Toappendorattach,especiallytoalargerormoresignificantthing.
附加,添加:附加或添加,尤其从属于⼀个更⼤或更有意义的事物
Toincorporate(territory)intoanexistingpoliticalunitsuchasacountry,state,county,orcity.合并,吞并:把(⼀个地区)并
⼊⼀个政治单位,如国家,州,郡或城市
Toaddorattach,asanattribute,acondition,oraconquence.
附带,附加:作为⼀个特征,条件或结果⽽添加或附加
late
Todestroycompletely:
歼灭,毁灭:彻底消灭:
Thenavalforcewasannihilatedduringtheattack.
在这次袭击中海军被彻底消灭了
Toreducetononexistence.
使消失
Todefeatdecisively;vanquish.
彻底击败;战胜
Tonullifyorrendervoid;abolish.
使⽆效,使废弃;取消
theticadj.(形容词)
Havingorshowingastrongaversionorrepugnance:
反感的:厌恶的,表⽰出强烈反感或厌恶的:
antipathetictonewideas.
对新思想的反感
Oppodinnatureorcharacter;antagonistic:
不相容的:本性或性格上对⽴的;不相容的:
antipatheticfactionswithintheparty.
政党中的反对派
Causingafeelingofantipathy;repugnant:
引起反感的;令⼈厌恶的:
“Thewholeplaceandeverythingaboutitwasantipathetictoher”(AnthonyTrollope)
“整个地⽅和它所有的事物都令她反感”(安东尼·特罗洛普)
pticadj.(形容词)
Of,relatingto,orproducingantipsis.
抗菌的:抗菌的,有关抗菌的,产⽣防腐剂的
Capableofpreventinginfectionbyinhibitingthegrowthofmicroorganisms.
不受传染的:能够通过抑制微⽣物的⽣长来防⽌传染的
Oforassociatedwiththeuofantiptics.
使⽤防腐剂的,关于抗菌剂的
Devoidofenliveningorenrichingqualities:
缺乏活⼒的,单调的:
“Thisis...,thetoneisunremittinglysoberandantiptic”(DonalHenahan)
“这⾳乐⼀点也不轻松悦⽿,实际上曲调⼀直很严肃、单调”(多纳尔·汉奈恩)
Freeofdisturbingorunpleasantfeatures;sanitized:
客观的:不受⼲扰或不愉快影响的特征;除去有害成分的:
anantipticversionofhistory.
历史的客观说法
n.(名词)
Lackofinterestorconcern,especiallyregardingmattersofgeneralimportanceorappeal;indifference.
⽆兴趣,冷漠,漠然:尤指对有普遍重要性或吸引⼒的事情缺乏兴趣或关⼼;冷漠
Lackofemotionorfeeling;impassiveness.
⽆感情,⽆感觉;⽆动于衷
evt.
appead,appeasing
平息;缓和;绥靖;使满⾜
Theyappeadhimbysayingsorry.
他们道了歉才使他平息下来。
Theangrypasngerwasappeadbytheirapology.
他们道了歉,那位旅客的⽓也消了。
Waterappeasthirst.
⽔能解渴。
.(及物动词)------appraisaln.
Toevaluate,especiallyinanofficialcapacity.
评估:评价,尤指以官⽅⾝份作的评价
Toestimatethequality,amount,size,andotherfeaturesof;onymsatestimate
估量:估计质量、数量、规模或其他特征;评判参见estimate
j.(形容词)
Lackingmoisture,especiallyhavinginsufficientrainfalltosupporttreesorwoodyplants:
⼲旱的:缺乏⽔分,尤指降⾬量不⾜,难以维持树⽊或⽊本植物(⽣长):
anaridclimate.
⼲旱的⽓候
Lackinginterestorfeeling;lifelessanddull:
枯燥的:缺乏兴趣或感情;⽆⽣⽓和乏味:
atechnicallyperfectbutaridmusicalperformance.
⼀场技术上完美但枯燥的⾳乐演出
.(及物动词)
Toattackwithorasifwithviolentblows;assault.
攻击:攻击或似猛烈打击;袭击
Toattackverbally,onymsatattack
攻讦:⽤语⾔攻击,如嘲笑或责骂参见attack
Totrouble;bet:
使苦恼;困扰:
Hewasassailedbydoubts.
为疑惑⽽困扰
ion—asrtv.
n.(名词)
Theactofasrting.
武断:武断的⾏为
Somethingdeclaredorstatedpositively,oftenwithnosupportorattemptatproof.
断⾔:肯定的宣称或陈述,通常没有证据或不试图证实
ousadj.(形容词)
Constantinapplicationorattention;diligent:
勤奋的:坚持不懈的勤奋或专⼼;⽤功:
onymsatbusy
⼀个勤奋的⼯⼈⼒求做到完美参见busy
Unceasing;persistent:
不停的;不懈的:
assiduousrearch.
坚持不懈的研究
ous
adj.(形容词)
Extremelyevilorcruel;monstrous:
凶恶的,残暴的:极其罪恶或残忍的;残暴的:
onymsatoutrageous
残忍的罪⾏参见outrageous
Exceptionallybad;abominable:
糟糕的:特别坏的;恶劣的:
atrociousdecor;atrociousbehavior.
糟糕的装饰;恶劣的⾏为
ionn.磨损消耗
warofattrition
消耗战n.(名词)
Arubbingawayorwearingdownbyfriction.
摩擦,磨损,消磨:通过磨擦作⽤擦掉或消耗掉
Agradualdiminutioninnumberorstrengthbecauofconstantstress.
消耗,耗损,削弱:指因不断的压⼒⽽使数量或⼒量逐渐减少
Agradual,naturalreductioninmembershiporpersonnel,asthroughretirement,resignation,ordeath.⼈员耗损,减缩⼈员:
指逐渐的、正常的成员或⼈员的减少,如退休、辞职或死亡TheologyRepentanceforsinmotivatedbyfearofpunishment
ratherthanbyloveofGod.
【神学】不彻底的忏悔:出于害怕被惩罚⽽对⾃⼰罪的懊悔,并⾮出于对上帝的爱
tv.(动词)n.(名词)
Tomake(somethingalreadydevelopedorwellunderway)greater,asinsize,extent,orquantity:
扩⼤,增加,加强:使(已经发展的或稳妥进⾏的事物)在尺⼨、程度或数量⽅⾯增⼤:Continuingrainsaugmentedthe
floodwaters.
持续的⾬⽔加⼤了洪⽔⽔量
Toaddanaugmentto.
给…增加,补充
.(不及物动词)
onymsatincrea
扩⼤,增加参见increa
iousadj.(形容词)
Attendedbyfavorablecircumstances;propitious:
有利的:伴随着有利情况的;吉兆的:
onymsatfavorable
⼀个要求增加⼯资的有利时机参见favorable
Markedbysuccess;prosperous.
吉兆的:以成功为标志的;繁荣的
chen.(名词)
Afallorslideofalargemass,asofsnoworrock,downamountainside.
雪崩,⼭崩:⼤块物质如雪或岩⽯,沿着⼭坡降落或下滑
Amassiveoroverwhelmingamount;aflood:
⼤量:巨⼤的或极⼤的量;洪⽔:
receivedanavalancheofmail.
收到⼤量的信件
v.(动词)
.(不及物动词)
Tofallorslideinamassiveoroverwhelmingamount.
雪崩似的降落或滑下:以巨⼤的或极⼤的数量降落或滑下
.(及物动词)
Tooverwhelm;inundate.
淹灭:淹灭;泛滥
.(及物动词)
Tofrustrateorcheck(aperson)asbyconfusingorperplexing;stymie.
使困惑,使为难:⽤混淆或困惑的⽅法迷惑或阻⽌(某⼈);使处于困境Toimpedetheforceormovementof.
阻碍:阻⽌…的作⽤或运动
TheexaminationquestionbaffledmecompletelyandIcouldn'tanswerit.
考试题完全把我难住了,我答不上来。
.(与out连⽤)
付保释⾦,保释
Themanwasbailedoutfor$500.
此⼈是⽤五百美元保释出来的。
付钱使免遭失败
bail[beIl]vt.(常与out连⽤)(从船中)往外舀⽔,往外戽⽔
dj.(形容词)
Havingthequalityorfragranceofbalm;soothing.
⾹味的,安慰的:有⾹膏、⾹油、⾹脂的品质或⾹味的;安慰的
Mildandpleasant:
温和的,令⼈愉快的:
abalmybreeze.
⼀阵温和的微风
dj.(形容词)
Drearilycommonplaceandoftenpredictable;onymsattrite
平庸的,陈腐的:令⼈沮丧的且常为可预见的平庸陈腐;平庸陈腐的参见gonn.(名词)
MusicAnelaboratelydecoratedwagonudtotransportmusiciansinaparade.
【⾳乐】乐队彩车:游⾏中乐师所坐的五彩缤纷的彩车
InformalAcauorpartythatattractsincreasingnumbersofadherents:
【⾮正式⽤语】引导车:吸引着越来越多追随者的事业或党派:
youngvotersjumpingontotheparty'sbandwagon.
转⽽⽀持胜利在望的候选党的年轻投票者
InformalAcurrenttrend:【⾮正式⽤语】潮流:
tobaccocompaniesthatwerehardhitbythenonsmokingbandwagon.
受到戒烟潮的严重冲击的烟草公司
vt.,vi.
嘲弄;戏谑;开玩笑
Thestudentxchangedbanterwitheachother.
同学们互相开玩笑。
近义词:banter,chaff,josh,kid,rag,razz,rib
Thecentralmeaningsharedbytheverbsis“topokefunatgood-humoredly”:
这些动词的中⼼意思都有“善意地取笑”:
banteredwithhercolleaguesabouttheirlongcoffeebreaks;
她戏谑地取笑同事们的喝咖啡时间总是很长;
chaffedherforforgettingtheappointment;
⼈们揶揄她忘了约好的事;
joshedhisbrotherabouthisstrangenewhaircut;
他取笑他弟弟奇怪的新发式;
thoughtyouwerekiddingme;
我以为你是在和我开玩笑;
raggedheraboutbeingsostubborn;
取笑她总是冥顽不灵;
razzedtheteammatewhomisdtheshot;
讥笑没有射中球的队员;
ribbingafriendforbeinghelplesslyinlove.
取笑正恋爱得⽆⼒⾃拔的朋友。
.(动词).(及物动词)
Tostrikewithaheavy,crushingblow.
重打,猛击
Hegavemeabashontheeyes.
他⼀拳打在我眼睛上。
I'venevercookedbefore,butIdon'tmindhavingabashatit.
我从来没有烧过菜,但我也不妨试⼀试。
InformalTocriticize(another)harshly,accusatorially,andthreateningly:
【⾮正式⽤语】严厉地、⾮难地、威胁性地批评,指责(他⼈):
“Hebashedthe...governmentunmercifullyoverthe...spyaffair”(LallyWeymouth)
“他就间谍风波毫不留情地指责政府”(拉利·韦茅斯)
/doc/al(不及物动词)【⾮正式⽤语】
Toengageinharsh,accusatory,threateningcriticism.
严厉地、⾮难地、威胁地批评指责
n.(名词)
InformalAheavy,crushingblow.
【⾮正式⽤语】重重的⼀击,猛的⼀击
SlangAcelebration;aparty.
【俚语】庆祝,狂欢;聚会
vt.,vi.接连重击
There'ssomeonebatteringatthedoor.
有⼈在⽤⼒敲门。
Whilethebatteredcarwasmovingaway,Roystoppedhisbusandtelephonedthepolice.
在这辆被撞坏的车开⾛的时候,罗伊把车停了下来,打电话给警察局。
敲碎;⽤坏
近义词:batter,maim,mangle,maul,mutilate
Thecentralmeaningsharedbytheverbsis“todamage,injure,ordisfigurebybeating,abu,orhardu”:这些动词的共
同含义是“因猛击、滥⽤、乱⽤⽽磨损、破坏或变形”:
ahoubatteredbyahurricane;
被台风吹毁的房⼦;
awristmaimedinanaccident;
在事故中受伤的⼿腕;
amangledcorp;
被砍得⾎⾁模糊的⼫体;
atentmauledbyahungrybear;
被恶熊破坏的帐篷;
oSynonymsatbeat
⽤⼑⽚割坏的绘画参见同义词beat
.,vi.⼤喊;⼤叫
Tocryorsobloudly;wail.
号哭,⼤哭:⼤声地哭泣或哭诉;哀号
Tocryoutloudlyandvehemently;shout.
放声痛哭;⼤声叫喊
Hebawledatme.
他⼤声向我吆喝。
Herrudehusbandbawledforhisdinner.
她那粗鲁的丈夫⼤声喊着要吃饭。
Thecaptainbawledoutanordertohissoldiers.
队长向⼠兵们⼤声发出命令。
.(及物动词)
Todeceivebyguile;onymsatdeceive
欺骗:施诡计来欺骗;哄骗参见deceive
Totakeawayfrombyorasifbyguile;cheat:
剥夺:⽤或似⽤诡计从…取⾛;骗⾛:
adiathathasbeguiledmeofstrength.
疾病剥夺了我的⼒量
Hehadthefacetobeguilhisbestfriendintobuyinghishouatahighprice.他竟然有脸欺骗他最要好的朋友以⾼价买了他
的住宅。
消磨时间;消遣
Todistracttheattentionof;divert:
分散注意⼒;转移注意:
“tobeguileyoufromthegriefofalosssooverwhelming”(AbrahamLincoln)“把你从蒙受巨⼤损失的痛苦中开脱出来”(亚伯拉罕
·林肯)
Topass(time)pleasantly.
愉快地消磨(时间)
Toamuorcharm;onymsatcharm
取悦,吸引;令⼈陶醉参见charm
v.(动词)
.(不及物动词)
Tomakethedeeproaringsoundcharacteristicofabull.
吼叫:发出象公⽜般的低沉吼叫声
Toshoutinadeepvoice.
以低沉的声⾳叫喊
.(及物动词)
Toutterinaloud,onymsatshout
发出⼤⽽有⼒的声⾳参见shout
‘Goaway!?hebellowedangrily.
“滚开!”他⽓愤地⼤声吼道。
adj.(形容词)
Ofakindandgentledisposition.
善良的:性情善良与温和的
onymsatkind1
温厚的:表现温和与温柔的参见kind1
Tendingtoexertabeneficialinfluence;favorable:
有利的:易于产⽣有益影响的;有利的:
onymsatfavorable
纯净空⽓的有益影响参见favorable
MedicineOfnodangertohealth;notrecurrentorprogressive;notmalignant:【医学】良性的:对健康⽆害的;⾮复发性或渐
进性的;⾮恶性的:abenigntumor.
良性肿瘤
evt.
剥夺,使失去
.(及物动词)
Toleavedesolateoralone,especiallybydeath:
夺去,丧失:因死亡使被置于寂寞或孤独的境况:
“Cryaloudforthemanwhoisdead,forthewomanandchildrenbereaved”(AlanPaton)
“为死去的那个男⼈放声痛哭,为被他撇下的孤⼉寡母放声痛哭”(艾伦·佩顿)
ArchaicTotake(somethingvaluableornecessary),typicallybyforce.
【古语】令⼈失去:通常是⽤武⼒夺⾛(有价值的或必需的东西)
abereavedmother
痛失孩⼦的母亲。
Hewasbereavedofhiswifelastyear.
去年他痛失爱妻。
Angerberefthimofwords.
愤怒使他说不出话来。
.(不及物动词)
Toengageinapetty,bad-temperedquarrel;onymsatargue
发⽣⼝⾓:因坏脾⽓引起的⼩的争吵;为琐事争吵参见argue
Toflicker;quiver:
闪烁;⼀闪:
“andbickerlikeaflame”(RobertBrowning)
“象⽕焰般地闪烁”(罗伯特·布朗宁)
Thetwoboyswerealwaysbickeringwitheachotherovertheirtoyguns.
这两个孩⼦总是互相为了玩具⼿枪⽽争吵。
n.(名词)
Apettyquarrel;asquabble.
⼝⾓;争吵
.(名词)
Onewhoisstronglypartialtoone'sowngroup,religion,race,orpoliticsandisintolerantofthowhodiffer.
抱偏见的⼈:对⾃⼰的团体、宗教、种族或政治极为偏袒并对在这些⽅⾯持不同见解者⽆法忍受的⼈
Abitter,alkaline,brownish-yelloworgreenish-yellowfluidthatiscretedbytheliver,storedinthegallbladder,and
dischargedintotheduodenumandaidsintheemulsification,digestion,lledgall1
胆汁:贮存在胆囊⾥由肝脏分泌的苦的、碱性、黄褐⾊或黄绿⾊液体,由⼗⼆指肠排出以帮助分解、消化和吸收脂肪也作
gall1
Bitternessoftemper;illhumor;irascibility.
暴躁,坏脾⽓:脾⽓暴烈;粗暴的脾性;易怒
Eitheroftwobodilyhumors,blackbileoryellowbile,inmedievalphysiology.
发怒液:在古代⽣理学中⼈体⿊⾊胆汁和黄⾊胆汁的任⼀种
.(动词)
.(不及物动词)
Tosoundloudlyandstridently:
发出刺⽿和响亮的声⾳:
astereoblaringinthenextapartment.
隔壁的⽴体⾳响发出刺⽿响声
.(及物动词)
Tocautosoundloudlyandstridently:
使发出响亮的和刺⽿的声⾳:
Don'tblarethestereo.
别让⽴体⾳响发出刺⽿的声⾳
Toproclaimloudlyandflamboyantly:
⼤声宣布和引⼈注⽬地宣布:
headlinesblaringthescandal.
⼤标题宣布了丑闻
theblareofcarhorns
汽车刺⽿的喇叭声
Theradiowasblaring.
收⾳机发出刺⽿的声⾳。
Theradioblaredouttheexcitingnews.
收⾳机⼤声⼴播了这条令⼈振奋的消息。
tadj.(形容词)
Unpleasantlyloudandnoisy:
吵闹的,喧哗的:令⼈不愉快地发出⾼声的或嘈杂的:
“Therearethowhofindthetrombonesblatantandthetrianglesilly,butbothaddeffectivecolor”(MusicalHeritage
Review)SeeSynonymsatvociferous
“有⼈觉得长号太吵,⽽三⾓铁挺傻,但这两样都增⾊不少”(⾳乐精品回顾)参见vociferous
UsageProblemTotallyoroffensivelyconspicuousorobtrusive:
【⽤法疑难】显眼的,炫耀的:完全地或让⼈⽣厌地惹⼈注⽬的或炫耀的:
ablatantlie.
明⽬张胆的谎⾔
Itisnaturalthatblatantandflagrantareoftenconfud,tributeconspicuousness
tantemphasizesthefailuretoconcealtheact:
混淆单词blatant和flagrant是很⾃然的,因为两词有重叠含义,都是指某种⾏为的引⼈注意和令⼈讨厌。但是blatant强调没
有隐藏这种⾏为:
ablatantappealtovanity;
⽆耻的虚荣⼼的要求;
ablatantattempttowhitewashhiscountry'nt,
掩盖他所在国家的罪⾏的⽆耻企图。Flagrant
ontheotherhand,tendstoemphasizeariouswrongdoingintheoffenitlf:
则趋于强调过错本⾝的严重不道德⾏为:
flagrantchildabu;
明⽬张胆地虐待孩⼦;
aflagrantviolationofhumanrights.
公然违反⼈权。
Certaincontextsmayadmiteitherworddependingonwhatismeant:aviolationofinternationallawmightbeeitherblatantor
terswhorefertotheblatanttorturingofanimalsortheflagrantliberalbiasofthemediahaveimplied
irstca,thewriterisprobablymoretroubledbytheenormityof
themistreatmentofanimalsthanbythefailuretoconcealit,econd
ca,bycontrast,thewriterprobablywantstodrawattentiontoamoralfailinginthemedia'sunapologeticrefusaltohideits
bias,ratherthantotheiniquityofthebiasitlf,animplicationthatwouldhavebeenconveyedmoresuccessfullybyblatant.
Blatantshouldnotbeudtomeansimply“obvious,”asintheblatantdangerofsuchanapproach.
某些语境下两个词都可以⽤,但意思不同:对国际法律的违反既可能是blatant(公然的)也可能是flagrant(⽆耻的)。但是
提到theblatanttorturingofanimals(肆⽆忌惮地虐待动物)或者theflagrantliberalbiasofthemedia(媒体公然的、不严谨
的偏见)的作者已经暗⽰了他们本来意图以外的意思。在第⼀种情况下,作者可能对⼤量虐待动物的⾏为所困扰⽽不是为隐藏
这种⾏为的失败⽽困扰,因此flagrant应该是更好的选择。相反地,在第⼆种情况下,作者可能是要着重指出新闻媒介对其偏
见⼀概否认的这种道德上弱点,⽽不是针对偏见本⾝的不公正性,这种含义若由blatant来表达的话会更加正确。Blatant不应
仅仅表⽰“明显的”,就象在theblatantdangerofsuchanapproach(这种⽅法明显的危险性)中。
hn.瑕疵
acharacterwithoutblemish
完美⽆缺的品格
afaceblemishedbyascar
脸被疤痕所破相
.污斑;污迹;污渍
ablotofinkonthepaper
纸上的墨⽔污迹
(品⾏上的)污点
ablotonone'scharacter
⼀个⼈品⾏上的污点
dj.(形容词)
Counterfeitorfake.
假冒的,伪造的
aboguscertificate
伪造的证件
:n.(名词)
Abenefitbestowed,especiallyonebestowedinrespontoarequest.
恩惠:有益的赐予,尤指某⼈答复请求时的赐予
Atimelyblessingorbenefit:
及时的恩赐:及时的庇护或利益:
Aspankingbreezeisaboontosailors.
⼀阵狂风是对⽔⼿们的及时恩赐
on.(名词)
Defiantorswaggeringbehavior:
虚张声势:蔑视的或虚张声势的⾏为:
strovetopreventourcouragefromturningintobravado.
努⼒预防我们的勇⽓变成⼀种虚张声势
Apretenofcourage;afalshowofbravery.
故作勇敢;假装表现出勇敢
Adispositiontowardshowydefianceorfalexpressionsofcourage.
虚张声势或故作勇⽓的倾向
.(名词)
Theupperedgeofasteeporverticalslope:
边缘:指陡峭或竖直的坡的上部边沿:
thebrinkofacliff.
悬崖的边缘
Themarginoflandborderingabodyofwater.
(河、池等的)边沿:与⽔体毗连的陆地的边缘
Thepointatwhichsomethingislikelytobegin;theverge:
始发点:某事可能要发⽣的界点;界限:
“TimeandagainthemonarchsandstatesmenofEuropeapproachedthebrinkofconflict”(incoln)SeeSynonyms
atborder
“欧洲的君主和政治家们⼀次⼜⼀次濒临冲突的边缘”(W.布鲁斯·林肯)参见border
eadj.(形容词)
Likelytobreak,snap,orcrack,aswhensubjectedtopressure:
易碎的:如受压后可能打碎、断裂或打破的:
brittlebones.
易碎的⾻头
Easilydisrupted:
易破裂的:
onymsatfragile
容易破裂的夫妻关系参见fragile
Difficulttodealwith;snappish:
难以相处的;尖刻暴躁的:
abrittledisposition.
难以相处的性情
Lackingwarmthoffeeling;cold:
冷淡的:缺乏温情的;冷淡的:
Theduchess,thoughwell-knownasasocietyhostess,conveyedanunmistakablybrittleair.
公爵夫⼈虽然是有名的社交界⼥主⼈,却明显流露出冷冰冰的表情
Brilliantlysharp,asinpercussivesound.
尖利的,如打击乐声
Perishable.
终有⼀死的
Fleeting;transitory.
短暂的;⼀闪即逝的
n.(名词)
Aconfectionofcaramelizedsugartowhichnutsareadded:
果仁薄脆糖:坚果加于熔焦的糖上⽽制成的甜⾷:
walnutbrittle.
核桃薄脆糖
eadj.(形容词)
Abruptandcurtinmannerorspeech;onymsatgruff
态度,语⾔粗鲁的,简慢的;⽣硬⽆礼的参见gruff
brusquebehavior
⽆礼的⾏为
.(动词)
.(不及物动词)
Tomoveorstirslightly:
(略为)挪动,微微移动:
Thechildwasstucktightandcouldn'tbudge.
这孩⼦被紧紧地卡住,动弹不得
Toalterapositionorattitude:
改变⽴场或态度:
hadmadethedecisionandwouldn'tbudge.
已经决定了,不容更改
.(及物动词)
Tocautomoveslightly.
使微微移动
Tocautoalterapositionorattitude:
使改变⽴场或态度:
anadamantcriticwhocouldn'tbebudged.
⼀个不会屈从的、态度坚决的批评家
n.(名词)
Somethingthatlesnsorabsorbstheshockofanimpact.
缓冲器:可以减轻或吸收冲击的震动的东西
Onethatprotectsbyinterceptingormoderatingadverpressuresorinfluences:
缓冲的⼈(物):通过阻拦或节制反作⽤或负⾯影响⽽起保护作⽤的⼈或物:
“Anofhumor...mayhavervedasabufferagainstthe...shocksofdisappointment”(JamesRusllLowell)
“幽默感或许可以当作受到失望打击时的缓冲物”(詹姆斯·罗素·洛厄尔)
n.(名词)
Abloworcuffwithorasifwiththehand.
殴打:⽤⼿或象是⽤⼿的殴打
v.(动词)
.(及物动词)
Tohitorbeat,especiallyrepeatedly.
打击,连续打击:打击,敲击,尤指连续续性的
Tostrikeagainstforcefully;batter:
⽤⼒敲击;连续猛击:
onymsatbeat
猛击帐篷的风参见beat
Todriveorforcewithorasifwithrepeatedblows:
打击,冲击:⽤或是象⽤连续打击后敲指打:
wasbuffetedaboutfromjobtojobbythevagariesoftheeconomy.
被难以预测的经济冲击从⼀个⼯作换到另⼀个⼯作
Toforce(one'sway)withdifficulty.
与…搏⽃:艰难地与…⼯作⽃争
.(不及物动词)
Toforceone'swaywithdifficulty:
搏⽃:艰难地与…作⽃争:
ashipbuffetingagainstthewind.
与风浪搏⽃的船只
.(名词)
Asculpturereprentingaperson'shead,shoulders,andupperchest.
半⾝像:刻画⼀个⼈的头部、肩膀和胸部的雕像
Awoman'sbosom.
⼥⼈的胸部
Thehumanchest.
⼈的胸部
v.(动词)
,,busts
.(及物动词)
Slang
【俚语】
Tosmashorbreak,especiallyforcefully:
使破裂,击破:⽤⼒击碎或打碎:
“orkeditwitharake,bustingupthebigclods,makingaflatbrowntable”(GarrisonKeillor)
“鲁格尔先⽣⽤耙把⼤的⼟块敲碎,铺成平坦的褐⾊⼟层”(加⾥森·谢勒)
Torenderinoperableorunusable:
破坏,使失败:使不能运作或不能使⽤:
bustedthevendingmachinebyputtinginforeigncoins.
投⼊外币弄坏了⾃动贩卖机
Tocautocometoanend;breakup:
使终结;粉碎:
anattempttobusttheunion.
终⽌联盟的企图
Tobreakortame(ahor).
驯服:截住或驯服(马)
Tocautobecomebankruptorshortofmoney:
使破产:使破产或资⾦短缺:
“Toooften,thepromiofahigh-techdesignleadstoaweaponthatbuststhebudget”(BusinessWeek)
“⼀项⾼技术设计⽅案的承诺常是导致预算短缺的元凶”(商务周刊)
.(及物动词)
Tourgewithgentleandrepeatedappeals,teasing,orflattery;wheedle.
哄骗:⽤重复和温和的恳求、逗弄、谄媚来欺骗⼈;甜⾔蜜语地哄骗
Itisdifficulttocajolehimintoconnt.
骗取他的同意很难。
Thatbigboyisalwayscajolingotherchildrenintodoingthingsforhim.
那个⼤男孩⽼是哄骗别的孩⼦为他做事。
lagen.(名词)
Themethodorresultofconcealingpersonnelorequipmentfromanenemybymakingthemappeartobepartofthenatural
surroundings.
伪装,掩饰:通过使⼈或设施看起来像⾃然环境的⼀部分来隐藏他们不被敌⼈觉察的⽅法或结果Concealmentbydisguior
protectivecoloring.
掩饰:通过伪装或保护⾊来隐蔽
Fabricoragarmentdyedinsplotchesofgreen,brown,tan,andblacksoastomakethewearerindistinguishablefromthe
surroundingenvironment.
迷彩服:将织物或⾐物染成有绿⾊、棕⾊、褐⾊和⿊⾊的斑纹,从⽽使穿戴者不易被从周围环境中区分开来
v.(动词).(及物动词)
Toconcealbytheuofdisguiorbyprotectivecoloringorgarmentsthatblendinwiththesurroundingenvironment.
伪装:通过伪装或保护⾊或与周围环境融为⼀体的迷彩服装来隐藏
Toconceal,usuallythroughmisreprentationorotherartifice:
掩饰:隐藏,通常是通过曲解、歪曲或其它⼿段:
onymsatdisgui
⽤表明友好的⼿段来隐瞒他们所憎之⼈参见disgui
.(不及物动词)
Touprotectivecoloringorgarmentsforconcealment.
伪装:使⽤保护⾊或⾐物来隐藏
.(不及物动词)
Tosurrenderunderspecifiedconditions;cometoterms.
投降:在⼀定条件下投降;达成协议
Togiveupallresistance;onymsatyield
屈服:放弃所有抵抗;同意参见yield
.(不及物动词和及物动词)
Tooverturnorcautooverturn:
倾覆:倾覆或引起倾覆:
zedthecanoe.
那只船倾覆了。我掀翻了那只独⽊⾈
Becarefulnottocapsizetheboat.
⼩⼼不要把船弄翻。
Itwasarealmiraclethatthelittleboatcapsizedinthestorm,butluckilydidn'tsink.
⼩船在暴风⾬中倾覆,幸好没沉没,这真是个奇迹。
aladj.(形容词)
Oforrelatingtothebrainorcerebrum.
脑的:关于或属于⼤脑或脑的
Appealingtoorrequiringtheuoftheintellect;intellectualratherthanemotional:
理智的:求助于或需要运⽤理智的;理智⽽⾮情感的:
“Hisapproachiscerebral,analytical,cautious”(HelenDewar)
“他的⽅法是理智的、经过分析的和谨慎的”(海伦·迪尤尔)
uden.(名词)
Thestateofbeingcertain;completeassurance;confidence.
确定:确信的状态;完全的确信;信⼼
Surenessofoccurrenceorresult;inevitability.
必然:发⽣或结局的确定性;必然性
Somethingthatisassuredorunfailing:
保证或不出错的事物:
“eagertoswapthehazardsofAmericanfreedomforthegraycertitudesofSovietlife”(Time)SeeSynonymsatcertainty
“急于以美国式⾃由的冒险来换取苏维埃式单调但有保证的⽣活”(时代)参见certainty
:n.(名词)
Adeep,steep-sidedopeningintheearth'ssurface;anabyssoragorge.
裂缝:⼟地表⾯上深的、陡峭的缝隙;深渊或峡⾕
Asuddeninterruptionofcontinuity;agap.
中断:连续性的突然中断;缺⼝
Apronounceddifferenceofopinion,interests,orloyalty.
分歧:意见、利益或忠诚上的明显差异
:chastity
adj.(形容词)
Morallypureinthoughtorconduct;decentandmodest.
正派的,谦谦君⼦的,品⾏端正的:在思想或⾏为上品⾏端正的;正派的和谦逊的
Nothavingexperiencedxualintercour;virginal.
童贞的:没有经历过性交的;童贞的
Abstainingfromunlawfulxualintercour.
禁⽌进⾏⾮法性交的
Abstainingfromxualintercour;celibate.
禁欲的:禁⽌性交的;独⾝的
Pureorsimpleindesignorstyle;austere.
朴实的:样式或风格上朴实简单的;质朴的
:adj.(形容词)
Conformingtothecurrentfashion;stylish:
时髦的:跟随现在时尚的;漂亮的:
chicclothes;achicboutique.
时髦的服装;⼀件雅致的饰物
Adoptingorttingcurrentfashionsandstyles;sophisticated:
时尚的:采纳或设定当今时尚和风格的;不落俗套的:
chic,onymsatfashionable
穿着考究的年轻经理们参见fashionable
plast:(名词)【植物学】
Achlorophyll-containingplastidfoundinalgalandgreenplantcells.
叶绿体:⽔藻及绿⾊植物的细胞中的⼀种含叶绿素的质体
teroln.(名词)
Awhite,crystallinesubstance,C27H45OH,foundinanimaltissuesandvariousfoods,thatisnormallysynthesizedbythe
liverandisimporelinthebloodstream
caninfluencethepathogenesisofcertainconditions,suchasthedevelopmentofatheroscleroticplaqueandcoronaryartery
dia.
胆固醇:⼀种⽩⾊结晶体物质,C27H45OH,发现于动物细胞组织和多种⾷物中,⼀般由肝合成,作为细胞膜的组成部分是
极为重要的,并且是类固醇荷尔蒙的前驱。在⾎流中的程度能影响特种疾病的发病,如动脉粥样硬化病和冠状动脉疾病的发展
somen.(名词)
AthreadlikelinearstrandofDNAandassociatedproteinsinthenucleusofanimalandplantcellsthatcarriesthegenesand
functionsinthetransmissionofhereditaryinformation.
染⾊体:动物细胞核和植物细胞中⼀条线状的DNA链和辅助蛋⽩,携带了传递遗传信息的基因和功能团Acircularstrandof
DNAinbacteriaandcyanobacteriathatcontainsthehereditaryinformationnecessaryforcell
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