civilians

更新时间:2023-01-04 08:01:46 阅读: 评论:0


2023年1月4日发(作者:什么是预科)

大学英语四级-43

(总分:100.00,做题时间:90分钟)

一、ListeningComprehension(总题数:0,分数:0.00)

二、SectionA(总题数:3,分数:28.00)

Questions1and2willhebadonthefollowingnewsitem.

Questions1and2willhebadonthefollowingnewsitem.

(分数:8.00)

en.

nts.

ans.√

-liners.

解析:[听力原文]

Fifteenpasngerswereburnedalivewhenapasngerbuswastonfirebyunknownmenin

Pakistan"ssouthwesternBalochistanprovince,anofficialSaid.

NaerAhmedNasir,deputycommissionerinthecityofSibi,saidfourmenonmotorcyclesinitially

openedfireonaparkedpasngerbusatahotel."Thearmedmenthencameclotothebusand

splashedpetrol,ttingitonfire,"hesaid.

Hesaidmostofthedeadwereeitherchildrenorwomen.

Balochistan,neartheAfghanborder,salsoinunderariot.

Militantstherehaveforyearscomplainedthatthecentralgovernmenthaspaidlittleattention

vebeenfightingPakistanimilitaryforcesforlf-rule.

PakistanhassaidthemilitantsinBalochistandonothavelinkstotheIslamichard-linerswho

havelaunchedattacksinotherpartsofthecountry.

Whoweremostofthevictimsaccordingtothenews?

[解析]受害者大部分是巴士上的女性和儿童,因此选C项“平民,百姓”。预读选项时可发现选项A、B、

D分别是持武器的人、武装分子和不妥协者,只有C项“平民”是处于弱势地位的群体,最有可能是victims。

kedpasngerbus.

edmenonmotorcycles.

tralgovernment.√

amicrebels.

解析:[听力原文]

WhatarethemilitantsinBalochistandissatisfiedwith?

[解析]新闻中提到,武装分子多年来一直埋怨中央政府(centralgovernment)忽略他们和他们的经济需求。

因此选C项。A项“停放着的公交”是事件发生的地方,B项“摩托车上持武器的人”是纵火人,D项“伊

斯兰的反叛者”是发动其他地区袭击的反叛者,这些都与问题无关。

Questions3and4willbebadonthefollowingnewsitem.

Questions3and4willbebadonthefollowingnewsitem.

(分数:8.00)

A.$14billion.

B.$40billion.

C.$2.5billion.√

D.$25billion.

解析:[听力原文]

AUNagencysaystherearemajorfundinggapsineffortstohelptheagriculturalctoradapt

dandAgricultureOrganization,theFAO,saysthiscouldaffectfood

ningcomesastheUNClimateChangeConferencecontinuesinCancun,Mexico.

TheWorldBankestimatesitwillcostabout$2.5billionayear—forthenext40years—tohelp

stimatessaycostscouldrun

ashighas$14billionayear.

However,theFAOsays,"Availablefinancingmechanismsaresubstantiallyinsufficienttomeet

theclimatechangeandfoodcuritychallengesfacedbytheagriculturalctor."This,despite

thefactthattheFAOsaystherearemanyexamplesofhowagriculturecanbecomemore.

Accordingtotheworldbank,howmuchdoesitcosttotackleagriculturalchallengesyearly?

[解析]新闻中指出,世界银行估计在今后的40年时间里,协助发展中国家的农业适应气候变化,每年得

花费25个亿。而有些人认为每年的费用将高达140亿。本题问的是世界银行的估算,故答案为C项。本题

是数字题,听音时可边看数字边选择。A项中的140亿是其他人的估计,B项400亿是利用“40年”这个

时间跨度作干扰,D项“25亿”未提到。

knowledgeofclimatechange.

ughexamplestofollow.

geofagriculturalexperts.

icientfinancingmechanisms.√

解析:[听力原文]

AccordingtoFAO,whatistheproblemfacedbytheagriculturalctor?

[解析]FAO指出,现有的融资机制远不能应对农业部门所面临的气候变化及食品安全挑战(Available

financingmechanismsare...insufficient),这就是农业部门所面临的问题,D项复现了原文,只不过

是将原文句子简化成短语了。

Questions5to7willbebadonthefollowingnewsitem.

Questions5to7willbebadonthefollowingnewsitem.

(分数:12.00)

ri.√

bestable.

belowereddown.

changefromtimetotime.

解析:[听力原文]

lRerveannouncedyesterdayitwasraisinginterestratesforthefirsttime

stheFed,it"sAmerica""is

tohelpstabilizeAmerica"makesmovestotrytolowerunemployment

andcontrolinflation,whenthepriceofgoodsgoesuptoofastforpeopletoaffordthem.

yisgrowing,theFedraiditskeyinterestratebyaquarterofa

percentagepoint,ans

you"llhavetopaymoreinterestifyouborrowmoney,higherloanratesforhomebuyers,higher

interestratesifyoufinanceacar,higherstudentloanratesforpeoplewhoentercolleges

afterwards.

Eventually,esincethelast"Star

Wars",andnearlyjustaslong,nineyears,,

it"stimefortheFedtoawaken,becauafterthreeepisodesofquantitativeeasing,JanetYellen

mustnowuhermostpowerfulweapontorestorebalanceintheeconomy.

WhatwillhappentointerestratesintheUS?

[解析]本题询问美国利率的变化(interestrates),新闻开头提到自2006年以来,美联储第一次加息,

由此可以推导出美国的利率提高了,因此选A项。

upreal-estatemarket.

runemploymentrate.√

ncecarindustry.

rfoodtomorepeople.

解析:[听力原文]

WhydidtheFedchangeinterestrates?

[解析]本题询问美联储调整利率的原因,新闻中提到,美联储此举是为了降低失业率(lowerunemployment)

和控制通货膨胀,因此选B项。A项“刺激房地产”和C项“资助汽车工业”和新闻内容不符,新闻只是

提到美联储调息后人们要还更多房贷或车贷。D项“给更多人提供食物”没有在新闻中提到。

tswithbankloan.

yerswithbankloan.

omeworkers.

withsavingsaccounts.√

解析:[听力原文]

Whowillbenefitfromthechangeofinterestrates?

[解析]本题问的是谁会在此次利率调整中受益,新闻中提到有存款的人会多得一些利息(earnalittle

moreinterest),因此对于银行储户会有好处,故选D项。A项“负有货款的学生”和B项“需付贷款的

户主”在新闻中均有提及,但加息后,学生和购房者都要付更多银行贷款,都是受害者。C项的“低收入

工人”在新闻中未提及。

三、SectionB(总题数:0,分数:0.00)

四、ConversationOne(总题数:1,分数:16.00)

Questions8to11arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

Questions8to11arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

(分数:16.00)

andcustomer.

iends.√

dandwife.

gues.

解析:[听力原文]

M:Whatareyougoingtohave?

W:ouhelpmewiththemenu?

M:Yes,restarters,?

W:What"sthealternative?

M:tpriceyougetyourchoiceofsoup

orjuice,onedishwithpotatoandvegetable,salad,breadandbutterandsometimescoffeeand

sometimesdesrt.

W:Andyoupaythepricelistednexttothemaincour?

M:eroastbeefdinneris$7.85—plustaxandtip,ofcour.

W:Italllooksprettyexpensivetome.

M:It"onlyabitmoreexpensivethanMcDonald""recelebrating,

remember?Orderanythingyou"dliketotry;it"sallonme.

W:You"reverykind.

M:readytoorder?

W:Ah,canyoutellmewhatHotFudgeSundaeis?

M:That"""sakindoficecreamwithahotstickysauce

overthetop—verysweetandfattening!

W:Idon"ethereisEnglishfood?Ithoughtweagreed

toeatAmericanfood.

M:Ourcountryismadeupofpeoplefromallovertheworld,sobesidescollectedwordsandphras

fromeverylanguage,we"havealotofChinerestaurantsnow.

W:Whichisbetter,FrenchorChinecuisine?

M:I"dsayit"hemboth.

W:Ididn"bosspromotesme,Iwilltakeyou

dthereisdelicious.

M:Oh,wewillhaveaconddinnersoon.

What"stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?

[解析]场景推理题。题目询问两个对话者是什么关系。对话开头女士没拿定主意吃什么,希望男士提些建

议,很多考生以为男士是服务员,因此选择A。也有人因为后文出现getpromoted和myboss等用语,错

选D。从全文来看,特别是男士说“friendsarefriends”,可知答案是B。

doesherafavor.

recommendshermanygoodfoods.

isverypatienttoherquestion.

decidestotreathertoameal.√

解析:[听力原文]

Whydoesthewomanthinkthemaniskind?

[解析]由选项知,本题将问及男士为女士做了什么事。各选项主语都是“theman”,而宾语都与“她”

相关。A项对话中并未提及,可以排除;B项和C项虽然是事实但却并非原因,故也可排除。对话中,女士

觉得饭店的东西很贵,但男士让她想吃什么就点什么,这才是答案所在,故选D。

erenotmanyChinerestaurantsbefore.√

opleemigratedoutofhiscountry.

mousforthedifferentrecipes.

entsforeignlanguagesfromgettingin.

解析:[听力原文]

Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueabouttheman"scountry?

[解析]推理题。在对话中,男士谈到他们国家有来自世界各地的人,他们带来不同的语言和烹饪方法。C

项中的famous与对话无关,B、D两项与事实相悖。之后他提到现在连(even)中国饭店也有很多了,即以

前没有很多,因此A项正确。

otunderstandwhyshealwaysspeaksnonn.

notthinkthewomanknowshowtoenjoyherlf.

evesthewomaniscapableofbeingpromotedsoon.√

stochoobetweenChinecuisineandFrenchcuisine.

解析:[听力原文]

Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman?

[解析]四个选项主语都是He,谓语动词都表示心理情态动作,而宾语部分与“她”有关,故可推测,本

题问男士对女士的看法。男士虽然没直接说过C项中的内容,但根据他说“不久就会再次一起吃饭”的预

测,可以看出他非常相信女士的工作能力,因为女士许诺升迁了也要请客,答案为C。A、B两项均与原文

不符。题目询问的是男士对女士的看法,而D项描述的只是男士自己的喜恶情况,纯属答非所问,故D错

误。

五、ConversationTwo(总题数:1,分数:16.00)

Questions12to15arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

Questions12to15arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

(分数:16.00)

A.T-bonesteak&beer.

hickensteak&Sprite.√

chicken&salad.

eef&rice.

解析:[听力原文]

M:keyourorder?

W:Uh...yes.I"dlikethefriedchickensteak.

M:oulikefries,bread,orricewithyourmeal?

W:Umm.I"lltaketherice.

M:Wouldyoucareforanythingtodrink?

W:Yeah.I"lltakeamediumSprite.

M:tkindofdressingwouldyoulikewithyoursalad?Itcomeswith

thefriedsteak.

W:Whatdressingsdoyouhave?

M:WehaveFrench,Italian,bluechee,andranch.

W:Oh!Ranch,plea.

M:Wouldyoulikeanythingel?

W:Well,I""sthemainreasonwhyIliketodinehere.

M:Oh,I"msorry,butwearen"trvingpiestoday.

W:Huh?

M:Well,youe,Dave,ourbaker,slippedonabananapeelbackinourkitchentwodaysago,

andinjuredhisback.

W:Oh,no.

M:He"eantime,we"rervingicecreamsundaesinstead.

Sorry.

W:I"egetsbettersoon.

Whatdoesthewomanorder?

[解析]选项均为食物名称,估计本对话发生的场景是餐馆,问供应或点了什么食物。对话开始处,侍者问

“您要点什么?”女士回答说:“我来份炸鸡排。”接着,女士又点了米饭作主食,以雪碧为饮料。可见B

正确。

.

n.

.√

y.

解析:[听力原文]

Whatkingofdressingdoessheaskfor?

[解析]侍者说,点炸鸡排送一份沙拉,并问女士用什么样的沙拉调料。女士从侍者给出的四种调料中选了

Ranch,故C正确。

salad.

pies.√

chee.

fries.

解析:[听力原文]

WhydoesthewomanliketodineatHeavenlyPies?

[解析]选项均是“介词For+食物”,可推断提问与为了吃什么有关。女士说想看馅饼的菜单,说这是她

为什么来这家餐馆吃饭的主要原因,可见她喜欢吃这家餐馆的馅饼,也即为了馅饼而来这家餐馆吃饭,故

选B。其他三个选项的食物均可从对话中听到,但都不是女士来就餐的原因,均可排除。

erwashurtatworkandcan"tpreparethem.√

nisbrokenandhasn"tbeenrepaired.

ervedonlyonSundays.

shavebeensoldout.

解析:[听力原文]

Whyistherestaurantnotrvingpiestoday?

[解析]侍者解释为什么没有馅饼供应时说:“两天前我们的面包师在厨房里踩到香蕉皮滑倒了,背部受了

伤。”故A正确。

六、SectionC(总题数:0,分数:0.00)

七、PassageOne(总题数:1,分数:12.00)

Questions16to18arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

Questions16to18arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

(分数:12.00)

nttoattractattention.

shionabletowearsuchclothes.

pearrespectableinsuchclothes.

amotorcyclemakesonedirty.√

解析:[听力原文]

NowadaysmotorcyclingisfastbecomingoneofAmericans"r,thereare

yclistsfrequently

,oadthereislittletoprotectthemfrommud,incts

cticalreasons,theyareoftendresdinoldclothing,whichlooks

samereason,

,thedangerofmotorcyclingalsohelpsaccount

formanypeople"enders,however,claimthatcarefulcyclists

areinlessdangerthanit"paycarefulattentiontohisdriving.

Fromthatpointofview,amanonamotorcycleissaferthanamaninacar.

Whydomotorcyclistsoftendressinoldanddarkclothing?

[解析]读题,主题词包括they,clothes,motorcycle。由此可大体推测本文的话题,从而为听的过程提

供了背景。文中提到“骑摩托车的人经常浑身脏兮兮的。因为路上没有什么东西为他们遮挡泥土,以及昆

虫和鸟类的粪便。”故选D。

ficient.

citing.

nvenient.

ngerous.√

解析:[听力原文]

What"stheaveragecitizen"sopinionaboutmotorcycling?

[解析]短文开头处however后的内容是听力重点。听到theaveragecitizendislikes可知,普通市民

对骑摩托车持负面态度。A、B、C均是正面态度,唯有D与此相符。此外,短文后面具体说到,骑摩托车

危险,所以人们对其评价不高。由此也可选出D。

wayswearsprotectiveclothing.

neeverythingaroundhimclearly.

verycareful.√

salotofdefenders.

解析:[听力原文]

Howcanamotorcyclistbesaferthanacardriver?

[解析]由四个条件句可知,本题将问到某个细节。原文结尾处两次提到careful,并且说从这个角度来看,

骑摩托车的人比开车的人更安全。

八、PassageTwo(总题数:1,分数:12.00)

Questions19to21arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

Questions19to21arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

(分数:12.00)

nois.

systemoflanguage.

ationsofdifferentsounds.√

ofntencesuponourowncreations.

解析:[听力原文]

istsoffarmorethanjustmaking

andalsotobeunderstoodbyotherpeople,wehavetospeakalanguage,thatis,

wehavetoucombinationsofsoundsthateveryoneagreesstandforaparticularobjectoridea.

Communicationwouldbeimpossibleifeveryonemadeuptheirownlanguage.

icvocabularyofEnglishisnotverylarge,

andonlyabout2,morewordsyouknow,the

moreideasyoucanexpress,andthemorepreciyoucanbeabouttheirexactmeaning.

wesaythewords

eofvoicecanexpressmanyemotionsandshowswhetherweareplead

orangry,forinstance.

Whatareudtostandforaparticularobjectorideawhenwespeakalanguage?

[解析]四个选项是(动)名词词组,与语言有关。可据此听取录音信息。根据原文中的定语combinationof

soundsmatstandforaparticularobjectoridea,选C。

goodtocommunicationbetweenpeople.

uragespeopletospeakouttheirthoughts.

rgesthevocabularyofaparticularlanguage.

erscommunicationamongindividuals.√

解析:[听力原文]

Whatifeveryonemadeuptheirownlanguage?

[解析]D是对原文“如果每个人都有自己的语言,就无法进行交流。”的同义表达。另类解题法:由选项

知,本题将问“它”的作用。A、B、C均说它好,D说它不好,而且A、D属于矛盾选项。据此,可以做出

大胆推定:选D!(没有听问题就选答案!)

.

voice.√

cestructures.

.

解析:[听力原文]

Whatisalsoimportantbesidesthemainthingincommunicating?

[解析]四个选项均是名词(词组),与语言有关。本题在最后,应在短文末尾处找答案。themainthingin

communicating指的是words,而问题是此外还有哪些主要的方面,答案在最后两句话中,因此不选A而选

B。

九、PassageThree(总题数:1,分数:16.00)

Questions22to25arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

Questions22to25arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

(分数:16.00)

mSmart.

.√

entLyndonJohnson.

entNixon.

解析:[听力原文]

Father"sDaywasfirstobrvedinSpokane,Washington,rstpropodthe

ideaofa"father"sday"ntedaspecialdaytohonorherfather,William

Smart,whow.

nted

Father"sDaytobecelebratedonthefirstSundayinJune,herfather"asn"t

until1966thatPresidentLyndonJohnsonsignedapresidentialproclamation,declaringthe3rd

SundayofJuneasFather"1972,PresidentRichardNixonestablishedapermanentnational

ceremonyofFather"sDaytobeheldonthethirdSundayofJune,comingalmostsixtyyearsafter

Mother",Father"sDayhasbecomeadaytonot

onlyhonoryourfather,butallmenwhoactasafather-likefigure,suchasstepfathers,uncles,

grandfathers,andadultmales.

Whofirstpropodtheideaofa"Father"sDay"?

[解析]文章开始便指出,“在1906年提出设立父亲节”,据此判断B()为答案。

1910.

1906.

1966.

1972.√

解析:[听力原文]

Whenwas"Father"sDay"establishedtobeapermanentnationalday?

[解析]时间题。短文说,“1972年,尼克松总统将父亲节设立为永久的国家节日”,故D(1972)为答案。

undayinJune.

SundayinJune.

undayinJune.√

dbyeachPresident.

解析:[听力原文]

Whenis"Father"sDay"celebratednowadays?

[解析]短文说,“父亲节是6月的第三个星期日”,据此判断C(6月的第三个星期日)为答案。本题与常

识性知识有关;若有相关知识,又听清了问题,则更易选出答案。

ronlyyourfather.

rallfathersaroundyou.

rfather-likefigures.√

"sfather.

解析:[听力原文]

Forwhatpurpodowecelebrate"Father"sDay"accordingtothepassage?

[解析]文章最后说,“父亲节到来时,我们不仅要向我们的父亲表示敬意,还要对所有像父亲一样的人,

如继父、叔舅、祖父和成年男子等,表示敬意”,可知C(对像父亲一样的人表示敬意)为答案。A“只对自

己的父亲表示尊重”、B“对周围的父亲表示尊重”和D“对的父亲表示尊重”与录音内容不符,

均应排除。

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