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TheMurderofCaesar
Shouldagoodleaderbelovedorfeared?ThisquestionisisasrelevanttorelevanttoleaderstodayasitwastoJuliusCaesarwhen
sartreatedhinemiesisavaluablelessononforgiveness,arrogancearrogance,and
absolutepower.
PS:⼀个好的领导者应该被爱还是被怕?这个问题对于今天的领导⼈来说,就像公元前44年凯撒⼤帝控制罗马时⼀样重要。凯撒是如何对待敌⼈
的,这是⼀个关于宽恕、傲慢和绝对权⼒的宝贵教训。
forgiveness原谅;宽恕;宽宏⼤量
arrogance傲慢;⾃⼤英[ˈærəɡəns]美[ˈærəɡəns]
absolutepower绝对权⼒
AfterCaesarizedpowerizedpower,oliticshadalways
viouspreviousdictatorhadmurdered5,000ofhisrivalsrivalsandconfiscatedconfiscatedtheirpropertypropertyaftercomingtocomingto
'nemiexpectedasimilarpunishment.
PS:凯撒掌权后,他必须决定如何处理那些反对他的⼈。罗马政治⼀直是⾎腥的。前任独裁者在上台后谋杀了5000名对⼿并没收了他们的财产。
凯撒的敌⼈期望得到类似的惩罚。
ized抓住;捉住;夺;夺取,攻占,控制;逮捕;捉拿;俘获;ize的过去分词和过去式
izepower夺取政权
oppod强烈反对;截然不同;反对;抵制;阻挠;与…对垒,与…⾓逐;oppo的过去分词和过去式
bloody⽤以加强语⽓;很多⼈认为含冒犯意;嗜杀的;⾎腥的;残暴的;⾎淋淋的;流⾎的;⾎染;使为⾎所污
dictator独裁者;发号施令者;专横的⼈英[dɪkˈteɪtə(r)]美[ˈdɪkteɪtər]
murdered谋杀;凶杀;糟蹋;毁坏;弄坏;彻底打败,打垮;murder的过去分词和过去式
rivals竞争对⼿;与…相匹敌;⽐得上;rival的第三⼈称单数和复数英[ˈraɪvlz]美[ˈraɪvlz]
cometopower执政,当权
confiscated没收,把…充公;confiscate的过去分词和过去式英[ˈkɒnfɪskeɪtɪd]美[ˈkɑːnfɪskeɪtɪd]
enemies敌⼈;仇⼈;反对者;敌国;敌军;敌兵;危害物;⼤敌;enemy的复数
retoreformreformthegovernment,hewouldneedthesupportofthe
deafatefuldecisionafatefuldecision:ratherthanpunishorkillhinemies,
didn'tizetheirproperty,andheevenrewardedrewardedsomeofthemwithhigh-rankinggovernmentpositions.
PS:但凯撒决⼼不因恐惧⽽统治。如果他要改⾰政府,他需要⼈民的⽀持。所以他做出了⼀个决定:他没有惩罚或杀死他的敌⼈,⽽是给予他们仁
慈和激励。他没有没收他们的财产,甚⾄还奖励他们中的⼀些⼈担任⾼级政府职务。
fateful对未来有重⼤影响的
ratherthan⽽不
punish处罚;惩罚;对…判罪;判定…的处罚⽅式;责怪;⾃责
mercy仁慈;宽恕;幸运;恩惠
ize抓住;捉住;夺;夺取,攻占,控制;逮捕;捉拿;俘获
rewarded奖励;奖赏;给以报酬;reward的过去分词和过去式
high-ranking职位⾼的;显要的
reformreform改⾰,⾰新,重组
ive.n.⿎励,刺激英[ɪnˈntɪv]美[ɪnˈntɪv]
However,'dheldpowerinthe
ndingandreformingthenate,Caesarhadshiftedpowerawayfromthearistocracyandtaken
aristocracy,tolivewithout
powerwasnotforgiveness,buthumiliationhumiliation.
PS:然⽽,并不是所有的敌⼈都想被原谅。凯撒的对⼿来⾃贵族。许多⼈在参议院掌权已有⼏个世纪了。通过扩⼤和改⾰参议院,凯撒已经把权⼒
从贵族⼿中转移出来,并将其据为⼰有。他作为奖励⽽给予的⾼级职位没有真正的权威。对贵族来说,没有权⼒的⽣活不是宽恕,⽽是羞辱。
aristocracy贵族英[ˌærɪˈstɒkrəsi]美[ˌærɪˈstɑːkrəsi]
reforming改⾰;改进;改良;改正,改造;悔改;reform的现在分词
awayfrom离开
high-ranking职位⾼的;显要的
livewithout在没有…的情况下⽣活;少…也可以⽣活
forgiveness原谅;宽恕;宽宏⼤量
humiliation英[hjuːˌmɪliˈeɪʃn]美[hjuːˌmɪliˈeɪʃn]n.耻辱;屈辱;丢脸;蒙羞;丢脸的事;尴尬的场合
Caesarshouldhaveknownthatmanynatorshatedhim,emade
himlfdictatorforlife,heprocctionsinfuriatedinfuriatedhinemies
r,dismisddismisdhispersonal
allyIronically,whenhewasassassinated,itwashisgoodfriend,Brutus,wholedtheplotplot.
PS:凯撒应该知道许多参议员恨他,但他的傲慢似乎使他失明。当他成为终⾝独裁者后,他宣称⾃⼰是上帝,巩固了更多的权⼒。这些⾏为激怒了
他的敌⼈甚⾄他的盟友。然⽽,他仍然认为许多参议员是他的忠实朋友。他甚⾄解散了他的私⼈保安部队。讽刺的是,当他被暗杀时,是他的好朋
友布鲁特斯领导了这场阴谋。
arrogance傲慢;⾃⼤
blinded使变瞎;使失明;使眼花;使⽬眩;使思维混沌;使失去判断⼒;blind的过去分词和过去式
dictator独裁者;发号施令者;专横的⼈
forlife拼命地;尽最⼤努⼒地;终⽣
infuriated使极为⽣⽓;使⼤怒;激怒;infuriate的过去分词和过去式英[ɪnˈfjʊərieɪtɪd]美[ɪnˈfjʊrieɪtɪd]
personalcurity个⼈担保;⼈⾝安全
assassinated暗杀,⾏刺;assassinate的过去分词和过去式
proclaim英[prəˈkleɪm]美[prəˈkleɪm]v.宣布;宣告;声明;明确显⽰;成为标志;表明
consolidate英[kənˈsɒlɪdeɪt]美[kənˈsɑːlɪdeɪt]v.使加强;使巩固;(使)结成⼀体,合并
allies英[əˈlaɪz]美[əˈlaɪz]n.(尤指战时的)同盟国;(尤指从政者的)盟友,⽀持者;(第⼀次世界⼤战中的)协约国;(第⼆次世界⼤战中的)同盟国v.
与…结盟ally的第三⼈称单数和复数
dismiss解雇,开除
ironically英[aɪˈrɒnɪkli]美[aɪˈrɑːnɪkli]adv.具有讽刺意味的是;令⼈哭笑不得的是;讽刺挖苦地;说反话地
plot英[plɒt]美[plɑːt]n.故事情节;布局;阴谋;密谋;(专⽤的)⼩块⼟地v.密谋;暗中策划;(在地图上)画出,标出;绘制(图表)
arhadn'tlethisrivalslive,
forgivenesstheproblem?Caesar'sreformstookpowerfromthearistocracy,andhisarroganceangeredbothfriendsand
sifhehadn'tbeensoarrogant,oractedlikeagod,hewouldhavesurvived.
PS:或许⼀个领导者更值得畏惧。如果凯撒不让他的对⼿活着,他就不会被谋杀。但是宽恕是问题吗?凯撒的改⾰从贵族⼿中夺⾛了权⼒,他的傲
慢激怒了朋友和敌⼈。如果他不是那么傲慢,或者表现得像个神,他可能会活下来。
feared害怕;畏惧;惧怕;担⼼;担忧;恐怕;fear的过去分词和过去式
Caesar凯撒;computerizedautomationbyelectronicsystemwithautomatedrervations通过电⼦系统和⾃动预定实现的计算机化⾃
动操作
rivals竞争对⼿;与…相匹敌;⽐得上;rival的第三⼈称单数和复数
havebeen来过
murdered谋杀;凶杀;糟蹋;毁坏;弄坏;彻底打败,打垮;murder的过去分词和过去式
forgiveness原谅;宽恕;宽宏⼤量
aristocracy贵族
arrogance傲慢;⾃⼤英[ˈærəɡəns]美[ˈærəɡəns]
angered使发怒;激怒;anger的过去分词和过去式
arrogant傲慢的;⾃⼤的
ExercExercis:
Ceasartreathinemiesafterheizedpower?
Heofferedthemmercyandincentives.
estheauthorbelieveaboutCeasar'sforgiveness?
Itwasn'ttheonlyfactorthatcontributedtohisdeath.
estheauthorbelieveaboutCeasar'sarrogance?
Itblindedhimtothedangersaroundhimandledtohisdeath
thestorysayingaboutleadership?
Arrogancecanbeadangerousqualityinaleader.
thearistocracyfeelaboutCaesar'sreforms?
Theyfeltangryandhumiliated.
liatesomenonemeanstomakethemfeelfoolishandashamed.
rmsomethingmeanstomakechangestoittoimproveit.
riatesomeonemeanstomakethemfeelextremelyangry.
iscatesomethingmeanstotakeposssionofit.
rrecPleatapthefirstcorrectntencetoappear:
Ceasarconsolidatehispower?
Byexpandingandreformingthenate,Caesarhadshiftedpowerawayfromthearistocracyandtakenitfor
himlf.
ldn'tCeasarethedangerfacinghim?
Caesarshouldhaveknownthatmanynatorshatedhim,buthisarroganceemstohaveblindedhim.
thepreviousdictatorhandledthowhooppohim?
PS:oppo英[əˈpəʊz]美[əˈpoʊz]v.反对(计划、政策等);抵制;阻挠;(在竞赛中)与…对垒,与…⾓逐
Thepreviousdictatorhadmurdered5,000ofhisrivalsandconfiscatedtheirpropertyaftercomingtopower.
Ceasarhandlehisopposition?
Sohemadeafatefuldecision:ratherthanpunishorkillhinemies,heofferedthemmercyandincentives.
Fillintheblanks:
ndingandreformingthenate,Caesarhadshiftedpowerawayfromthearistocracyandtakenitforhimlf.
aesarizedpower,oliticshadalways
viousdictatorhadmurdered5,000ofhisrivalsandconfiscatedtheirpropertyaftercomingto
'nemiexpectedasimilarpunishment.
Repeat&ReadSentences:
sifhehadn'tbeensoarrogant,oractedlikeagod,hewouldhavesurvived.
h-rankingpositionshehadgivenasrewardshadnorealauthority.
dismisddismisdhispersonalcurityforce.
retoreformthegovernment,hewouldneedthesupportofthepeople.
arhadn'tlethisrivalslive,hemightnothavebeenmurdered.
r,hestillconsideredmanynatorstobehisloyalfriends.
viousdictatorhadmurdered5,000ofhisrivalsandconfiscatedtheirpropertyaftercomingtopower.
estionisasrelevanttoleaderstodayasitwastoJuliusCaesarwhenhetookcontrolofRomein44BC.
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