president hu

动词时态与语态

一、动词时态与语态的构成

时态时态的构成被动式的构成

一

般

时

一般现在时主语+动词原形（-s/-es）主+am/is/are+过去分词

一般过去时主语+动词的过去式主+was/were+过去分词

一般将来时

①主语+shall/will+动词原形

②主语+begoingto+动词原形

③主语+be+动词不定式

④主语+beabout+动词不定式

⑤主语+be+位移动词-ing

主+shall/willbe+过去分词

进

行

时

现在进行时主语+am/is/are+现在分词主+am/is/arebeing+过去分词

过去进行时主语+was/were+现在分词主+was/werebeing+过去分词

将来进行时主语+shall/willbe+现在分词

完

成

时

现在完成时主语+have/has+过去分词主+have/hasbeen+过去分词

过去完成时主语+had+过去分词主+hadbeen+过去分词

将来完成时主语+shall/willhave+过去分词

完

成

进

行

时

现在完成

进行时

主语+have/hasbeen+现在分词

过去完成

进行时

主语+hadbeen+现在分词

过去将来时主语+shall/would+动词原形

主+should/wouldbe+过去分

词

二、注意事项或重点掌握知识点

○表达将来时的形式

1)在时间、条件、让步状语从句中，使用一般现在时

替代将来时。如：I’’tellhimwhenyouringagain.

2)在makesure,makecertain,e(toit)后的that从句

中，谓语动词用一般现在时替代将来时。如：

Seetoitthatyouincludeinthepaperwhateverquestions

theydidn’tknowtheanswertolasttime.

○完成时是时态测试的重中之重，注意与完成时连用的

句型和时间状语。

1)当by/between/upto/till+过去时间、

since/bythetime/when+表示过去发生情况的从句，

这时，主句用过去完成时。如：

usthadourbreakfastwhenanoldman

cametothedoor.

n1897and1919atleast29motionpictures

inwhichartificialbeingswereportrayedhadbeen

produced.

2)当by+将来时间、

bythetime/when+谓语动词是一般现在时的从句，

这时，主句用将来完成时。如：

imeyouarriveinLondon,wewillhave

stayedinEuropefortwoweeks.

erhealthwillhaveimprovedgreatlybythe

timewecomebacknextyear.

3)当bynow、since+过去时间或in/during/for/over/the

past/last+表示多少的词+years/days/weeks,etc,，这

时，主句用现在完成时；

但在itis+具体时间+since/before这一句型中，表示

“有多少时间”时，主句更多的时候不用完成时。

ngesthathadtakenplaceinairtravelduring

thelastsixtyyearswouldhaveemedcompletely

impossibletoeventhemostbrilliantscientistsatthe

turnofthe19thcentury.

uryearssinceJohnleftschool.

4)完成进行时指动作在完成时的基础上还要继续下

去。如：Thecompanyhasbeenpromisingariin

salaryforages,butnothinghashappened.

5)在It/This/That+be+thefirst(cond,third,…)time

+that结构中，that后面的从句一般用完成时态。如

果be为is，that从句一般用现在完成时；如果be

为was，that从句一般为过去完成时。如：

asvisitedChina.

advisited

China.

真题回顾(共15题)

2004年（2题）

veryangrywhenherealizedhe.

funof

nmadefunof

he,pleatellme.

me

ome

（答案：AC）

2005年（3题）

alysisindicatesthattheoutputofcottonby

20%bynow.

oup

eup

easwellasheinvitedtothebusinessparty.

en

19.“Yourdaughterhastwochildren,doesn’tshe?”

“1980.”

ried

ried

（答案：DAD）

2006年（4题）

theappleswererottenbeforereachingthemarket

andaway.

ethrown

hrow

imeyouarriveinLondon,weinEuropefor

twoweeks.

vestayed

enstaying

ldrenarerequirednottoleavethebuilding

unlesstodoso.

llbetold

htanewmobilephonelastSunday,becauhisold

one.

nstolen

（答案：BBDB）

2008年（1题）

tgotto

ach

otheracoupleoftimesbeforethat.

n;en;haveen

n;en;haden

（答案：D）

2011年（2题）

ndofthisterm,wethetextbook.

nished

vefinished

where

youlike.

;ed;ated

;;ating

（答案：DC）

2012年（2题）

hen,hisfamilyfromhimforsixmonths.

’’tbeenhearing

’’theard

40.----Doyoulikethematerial?

----Yes,itverysoft.

（答案：DC）

2013年（1题）

dingthebridgebytheendofnextmonth.

inish

vefinished

（答案：D）

动词时态和语态补充练习

ynextmonthaimsmainlytoreflectthelocal

culture.

roduced

beenproduced

akfastheonlydrinksjuicefromfreshfruiton

hisownfarm.

rown

theguestsinthehotelinfluencedtheir

evaluationofthervice.

eated

etreated

hemtrytouthepowerofthe

workstationinformationinamoreeffectiveway.

ted

ent

,thepostmanrefudtodeliverourlettersunless

wechainedourdog.

tten

isstheflightat2:00,themanagertoutfor

theairportinahurry.

ed

reminded

l,2009,PresidentHuinspectedthewarshipsin

Qingdao,the60thanniversaryofthefoundingofthe

PLANavy.

arked

thedoor,hefoundhiskeyswerenowhere.

pen

geof29,Davewasaworker,inasmall

apartmentnearBostonandwhattodoabouthis

future.

;;wondering

;;wondered

yspeoplesometimesparatetheirwastetomakeit

easierforit.

ud

o

YouthTheatreat7:30tonight.

ng

d

htkindoftraining,theteenagesoccerplayers

mayonedaygrowtheinternationalstars.

given

ernmentplanstobringinnewlawsparentsto

takemoreresponsibilityfortheeducationoftheirchildren.

g

forced

ldrenallturnedthefamousactressasshe

enteredtheclassroom.

at

twe’vediscusdtheproblem,arepeoplehappy

withthedecisions?

nvitedtoapartyinourclubnextFriday.

g

remembertotheFamenTempleandwhatIsaw

there.

ken

aken

planecrashedintoahillsidefivemileastofthe

city,allfourpeopleonboard.

g

egovernment’said,thobytheearthquake

havemovedtothenewttlements.

ing

fected

ggestedameetingonwhattodoforthe

ShanghaiExpoduringthevacation.

andgentlemen,plearemainuntiltheplane

hascometoacompletestop.

g

hreatenedhisneighbortothepoliceifthe

damageswerenotpaid.

ing

reported

uswhetherapicnicwasstillunder

discussion.

mes,hefinallyunderstoodit.

g

beentold

jectintime,thestaffwereworkingat

weekends.

completed

lete

dvancesintechnology,manyfarmershavet

upwindfarmsontheirland.

aging

encouraged

rtofbreath,AndyandRubywerethefirstto

reachthetopofMountTai.

ired

sagreatdealofevidencethatmusicactivities

engagedifferentpartsofthebrain.

ting

dicating

l’snewhouislikeahugepalace,withthis

oldone.

es

ed

eworldchangingfast,wehavesomething

newwithallbyourlveveryday.

g

ecomputerstokeepthetrafficsmoothly.

g

sacrossChinaareexpectedtohire50,000college

graduatesthisyearasshort-termteachers,almostthreetimes

thenumberhiredlastyear,reduceunemployment

pressures.

helped

helped

guishedguestsandfriends,welcometoourschool.

theceremonyofthe50thAnniversarythismorningare

ouralumnifromhomeandabroad.

nd

attended

34.----Whydoesthelakesmellterrible?

----Becaulargequantitiesofwater.

gpolluted

enpolluted

ingtotheliteraryreview,Shakespearehis

charitieslivethroughtheirlanguageinhisplays.

e

(答案：CABDCBADADCDBBCADBCC

ACADDCBBDCDCCCD)