职称英语历年真题

xx年职称英语《理工类》考试真题

单项选择题

1、Inthesituationedy,atraditionalformatfor

televisionshows,thesamecharactersappearrepeatedlyin

humoroupisodes.

tively

ndagain

aneously

y

2、KnowingthatIhadbeenoutofworknow,theywere

unwillingtolendmemoney.

y

ed

ant

3、根据以下材料，请答复题

ScienceandTechnology

Thereisadifferencebetweenscienceandtechnology.

(46)Sciencehastodowithdiscoveringthefactsand

relationshipsbetweenobrvablephenomenainnatureand

withestablishingtheoriesthatrvetoorganizethe

factsandrelationships;technologyhastodowithtools,

techniques,andproceduresforapplyingthefindingsof

science.(47)

Progressinscienceexcludesthehumanfactor.

Scientists,whoektounderstandtheuniverandknow

thetruthwithinthehighestdegreeofauracyandcertainty,

cannotpayattentiontotheirownorotherpeopleslikesor

dislikesortopopularideasaboutthefitnessofthings.

(48)Butevenanunpleasanttruthismorethanlikelytobe

uful;besides,wehavethechoiceofrefusingtobelieve

it!Buthardlysowithtechnology;wedonothavethe

choiceofrefusingtohearthesoundproducedbya

supersonic(超音速的)aircraftflyingoverhead;wecannot

refutobreathepollutedair.(49)Thepurpoof

technologyistorvepeople-peopleingeneral,notmerely

somepeople;andfuturegenerations,notmerelythowho

prentlywishtogainadvantageforthemlves.

(50)Manypeopleblametechnologyitlfforwidespread

pollution,resourcedepletion(枯竭)andevensocialdecay

ingeneral--somuchsothatthepromioftechnologyis

"obscured".Thatpromiisacleanerandhealthierworld.

Ifwiapplicationsofscienceandtechnologydonotlead

toabetterworld,whatelwill?

答复(46)题

rdistinctionbetweenscienceandtechnology

hastodowiththeprogressineach.

science,progressintechnologymustbe

measuredintermsofthehumanfactor.

ientistsdiscovermayshockorangerpeople--

asdidDarwin'stheoryofevolution.

eandtechnologyaredifferent.

llfamiliarwiththeimproperuof

technology.

eisamethodofansweringtheoretical

questions;technologyisamethodofsolvingpractical

problems.

4、Ifnooneobjects,lbethenext

chairman.

ees

es

s

s

5、Itisadvisabletowearsunscreenwhenoutinthe

sun.

le

able

le

6、Atheflatsinthebuildinghadthesamelayout.

ement

on

7、Thephotographevokedstrongmemoriesofour

holidaysinFrance.

hed

d

8、根据以下材料答复题：

MicroelectronicsRevolution

The1980sarelikelytobeconsideredasamorethan

somewhatinterestingdecadefortheUnitedKingdomand

itical,

socialandeconomicautonomicreflexesinoperationforthe

greaterpartofthiscenturywillhavetogivewaytothe

untamongstthechanges

istheadventofmicroelectronicswiththeirabilityto

increaproductivityandtheendofcheap,easily

erthewill

undoubtedlychangethepatternofindustrializationand

industrializedlifeinaradicalmannernotenintheUK

sincetheearly19thcentury.

Mosttechnologicalchangesaresomewhatlessthan

tonanindividualprocessofindustry

andsotheireffectsonthegeneraleconomycanbeboxed

actonthedemandsidewithnewproducts,often

lectronics,though,aredifferent.

Itisdifficulttothinkofpartsoftheeconomyonwhich

theywillnothaveanimpact;itispeciallyvery

difficulttothinkofthemanynewconsumerproductsthat

readybeingud,inproductive

processthroughrobotics,inproductionplanningthrough

cheapputers,ascheapandeasytomaintainponents,and

throughtelemunications,teletextsystemsandword

processingtoprovide,transmitandstoreinformation.

Theresultinglargeincreasinproductivitywillmean

thatincreadlevelsofoutputwillbeproducedusing

fewerresourcesofmanpower,

thefaceofitthishastobeagoodthing,itopensvistas

t,however,ismeasured

intermsoftheresultingjobloss,jobchangesandlack

tbackandallowthemarkettowork

allocatingwealthandjobs-inotherwords-continueaswe

areatprent,eitherthetechnologieswillnotbe

introducedatallortherewillbesocialconfrontationon

amassivescale.

Thisnewtechnologyimprovesproductivityatprecily

thetimeworldtradegrowthisdeclining,andthisis

likelytodiminishevenfurthergiventheresponstothe

llalmostcertainlymean

thatourabilitytosupplywilloutstrip(超过)our

abilitytodemand,givingaclassichighunemployment.

Themostimportantchangesinthe1980s

ectingindividualindustries

evidentintheUK

nmicroelectronicsandenergy

ngcaudbychangesofattitudes

9、Maryislookingforthebookshelostyesterday

tofind

toread

tobuy

toborrow

10、根据以下材料答复题：

TheMirSpaceStation

TheRussianMirSpaceStation,whichcamedowninxxat

lastafter15yearsofpioneeringtheconceptoflong-term

humanspaceflight,isrememberedforitsaomplishmentsin

ecreditedwith

manyfirstsinspace.

TheSovietUnionlaunchedMir,whichwasdesignedto

lastfromthreetofiveyears,onFebruary20,1986,and

houd104astronautsover12yearsandvenmonths,most

,itbecamethefirst

internationalspacestationbyplayinghostto162people

1995through1998,venastronauts

fromtheUnitedStatestookturnslivingonMirforupto

reamongthe37Americanswho

visitedthestationduringninestopoversbyspaceshuttles.

Themorethan400milliontheUnitedStatesprovided

RussianforthevisitsnotonlykeptMiroperating,but

alsogavetheAmericansandtheirpartnersinthe

internationalstationprojectvaluableexperienceinlong-

termflightandmultinationaloperations.

AdebatecontinuesoverMir'scontributionstoscience.

Duringitxistence,Mirwasthelaboratoryfor23,000

experimentsandearnedscientificequipment,estimatedto

beworth$80million,frommanynations.3Experimentson

Mirarccreditedwitharangeoffindings,fromthefirst

solidmeasurementoftherationofheavyheliumatomsin

thofavoring

humanspaceexploration,Mirshowedthatpeoplecouldlive

longestsinglestayinspaceisthe437.7daysthatRussian

astronautValeryPolyakovspentonMirfrom1994to1995.

AndSergieAvdeyevaumulated747.6daysinspaceinthree

gestAmericanstaywas

thatofShannonLucid4,whospent188daysaboardMirin

1996.

DespitethemanyfirstsMiraomplished,1997wasabad

yearoutof15forMir,In1997,anoxygengeneratorcaught

,themainputersystembrokedown,causingthe

stationtodriftveraltimesandtherewerepower

failures.

Mostoftheproblemswererepaired,withAmerican

helpandsuppliers,butMir'sreputationasaspacestation

wasruined.

Mir'stbacksarcnothing,though5,whenweparethem

atremendoussuess,which

willberememberedasamilestoneinspaceexplorationand

thespacestationthatshowedlong-termhumanhabitationin

'stimetomoveontothenext

ernationalSpaceStationbeingbuilt

willbebetter,butitowesagreatdebttoMir.

WecanlearnfromthepassagethattheMirSpace

Station

ignedtolastover5years

hostto7astronautsfromdifferentcountries

itedonlybyAmericans

ltbyRussians