英语四级考试试卷

2019年6月大学英语四级真题及答案

(第一套)

PartIWriting

(25minutes)

(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritean

advertimentonyourcampuswebsitetollacomputeryouudat

vertimentmayincludeitsbrand,

specifications/features,conditionandprice,andyourcontactshould

writeatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

PartIIListeningComprehension

(30minutes)

！

SectionA

Directions:Inthisction,

theendofeachnewsreport,

ouhear

questions,youmustchoothebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarked

A),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1

withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Questions1to2arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

1.A)Themaninthecarwasabnt-minded.

B)Thetestdrivermadeawrongjudgement.

C)Thelf-drivingsystemwasfaulty.

D)Thecarwasmovingatafastspeed.

%

2.A)Theyhavedonebetterthanconventionalcars.

B)Theyhavecaudveralverecrashes.

C)Theyhavepodathreattootherdrivers.

D)Theyhavegenerallydonequitewell.

Questions3to4arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

3.A)Heworksatanationalpark.

]

B)Heisaqueenbeenspecialist.

C)Heremovedthebeyondfromtheboot.

D)Hedrovethebeesawayfromhiscar.

4.A)Theywerelookingafterthequeen

B)Theyweremakingalotofnoi

C)Theywerelookingforanewboxtolivein

D)Theyweredancinginauniqueway

~

Questions5to7arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

5.A)Thediscoveryofanewspeciesofsnake

B)Thecondtriptoasmallremoteisland

C)Thefindingof2newspeciesoffrog

D)Thelatesttestonrareanimalspecies

6.A)Apoisonoussnakeattackedhimonhisfieldtrip

】

B)Hediscoveredararefogonaderted

C)Asnakecrawledontohisheadinhissleep

D)Hefellfromatallpalmtreebyaccident

7.A)Fromitsgenes

B)Fromitslength

C)Fromitsorigin

D)Fromitscolour

、

SectionB

Directions:Inthisction,youwillheartwolongconversations.

Attheendofeachconversation,e

ouhear

aquestion,youmustchoothebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarked

A),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1

withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions8to11arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

8.A)Thecuritychecktakestime

B)Hehastocheckalotofluggage

、

C)Hisflightisleavinginlessthan2hours

D)Theairportisalongwayfromthehotel

9.A)Incash

B)Bycreditcard

C)Withatraveler’scheck

D)Withhissmartphone

10.A)Givehimareceipt

'

B)Confirmhisflight

C)Lookafterhisluggage

D)Findaporterforhim

11.A)SigningupformembershipofSHotel

B)Stayinginthesamehotelnexttimehecomes

C)Loadingherluggageontotheairportshuttle

D)Postingacommentonthehotel’swebpage

—

Questions12to15arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

12.A)Heistheonlyboyinhisfamily

B)Hebecomestearfulinwind

C)Hehasstoppedmakingterriblefaces

D)Heishisteacher'sfavoritestudent

13.A)Tellhimtoplayinherbackyard

》

B)Dosomethingfunnytoamuhim

C)Givehimsomecherrystonestoplaywith

D)Warnhimofdangerbymakingupastory

14.A)Theycouldbreakpp'slegs

B)Theycouldsometimesterrifyadults

C)Theycouldflyagainstastrongwind

D)Theycouldknockppunconscious

,

15.A)Onewouldgetaspotontheirtonguesiftheytoldalie

deliberately

B)Onewouldhavetoshavetheirheadtoremoveabatintheirhair

C)Onewouldgotoprisoniftheyputastamponupsidedown

D)Onewouldhavecurlyhairiftheyatetoomuchstalebread

SectionC

Directions:Inthisction,youwillhearthreepassagesoflectures

ordingswillbe

ouhearaquestion,youmustchoothebest

answerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Thenmarkthe

correspondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthe

centre.

】

Questions16to18arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

16.A)Everythingemedtobechanging.

B)Peoplewereformalanddisciplined.

C)Peoplewereexcitedtogotravellingoveras.

D)ThingsfromtheVictorianeracamebackalive.

17.A)WatchingTVathome.B)Meetingpeople.

（

C)Drinkingcoffee.D)Tryingnewfoods.

18.A)Hewasinterestedinstylishdress.

19.B)Hewasabletotakealotofmoney.

C)Hewasastudentinthe1960s.

D)Hewasamanfullofimagination.

Questions19to21arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

20.@

21.A)Theyavoidlookingatthem.

B)Theyrunawayimmediately.

C)Theyshowangerontheirfaces.

D)Theymakethreateningsounds.

20.A)Itturnstoitsownerforhelp.

B)Itturnsawaytoavoidconflict.

C)Itlooksawayandgetsangry,too.

）

D)Itfocusityesontheirmouths.

21.A)Byobrvingtheirfacialfeaturescarefully.

B)Byfocusingonaparticularbodymovement.

C)Bytakingintheirfacialexpressionsasawhole.

D)Byinterpretingdifferentemotionsindifferentways.

Questions22to25arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

（

22.A)Theyhavetolookforfoodandshelterunderground.

B)Theytakelittlenoticeofthechangesintemperature.

C)Theyresorttodifferentmeanstosurvivethebittercold.

D)Theyhavedifficultyadaptingtothechangedenvironment.

23.A)Theyhavetheirweightreducedtominimum.

B)Theyconsumetheenergystoredbeforethelongsleep.

￥

C)Theycanmaintaintheirheartbeatatthenormalrate.

D)Theycankeeptheirbodytemperaturewarmandstable.

24.A)Bystayinginhidingplacesandeatingverylittle.

B)Byekingfoodandshelterinpeople’shous.

C)Bygrowingthickerhairtostaywarm.

D)Bystoringenoughfoodbeforehand.

【

25.A)Tostaysafe.B)Tosaveenergy.

C)Tokeepcompany.D)Toprotecttheyoung.

PartⅢReadingComprehension(40

minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthisction,

arerequiredtolectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoices

epassagethrough

carefullybeforemakingyourchoices,Eachchoiceinthebankis

markthecorrespondingletterforeach

not

uanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

"

Questions26to35arebadonthefollowingpassage.

(啤酒花)，for

example,whichgivemanyamodembeeritsbitterflavor,area(26)_______

sfirstmentionedinreference

,rearchershavefounda

(27)_______ingredientinresidue(残留物）from5,000-year-oldbeerbrewing

iggingtwopitsatasiteinthecentralplainsof

China,

differentshapesofthecontainers(28)_______theywereudtobrew,

filter,ybeancient“beer-makingtools,”and

theearliest(29_______evidenceofbeerbrewinginChina,the

rearchersreportedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyof

(30)_______thattheory,theteamexaminedtheyellowish,

dried(31)_______orityofthegrains,about

80%,werefromcerealcropslikebarley(大麦),andabout10%werebits

ofroots,(32)_______lily,whichwouldhavemadethebeersweeter,the

wasanunexpectedfind:thecropwasdomesticated

inWesternEurasiaanddidn'tbecomea(33)_______foodincentralChina

untilabout2,000yearsago,nthat

timing,theyindicatebarleymayhave(34)_______intheregionnotas

food,butas(35)_______materialforbeerbrewing.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

A)ArrivedB)|

C)B)consuming

D)C)directE)D)exclusively

E)includingF)informG)rawH)reached

I)relatively（

J)remains

K)resourcesL)staple

M)suggestN)surprisingO)test

*

SectionB

Directions:Inthisction,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithten

atementcontainsinformationgivenin

fytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformation

ragraphis

thequestionsbymarkingthecorresponding

letteronAnswerSheet2.

TheBlessingandCurofthePeopleWhoNeverForget

Ahandfulofpeoplecanrecallalmosteverydayoftheirlivesin

enormousdetail—andafteryearsofrearch,neuroscientists(神经科学

专家)arefinallybeginningtounderstandhowtheydoit.

[A]Formostofus,memoryisamessofblurredandfadedpictures

aswewouldliketoclingontoourpast,eventhe

saddestmomentscanbewashedawaywithtime.

[B]AskNimaVeihwhathewasdoingforanydayinthepast15

years,however,andhewillgiveyouthedetailsoftheweather,whathe

waswearing,orevenwhatsideofthetrainhewassittingonhisjourney

towork.“Mymemoryislikealibraryofvideotapes,walk-throughsof

everydayofmylifefromwakingtosleeping,”heexplains.

[C]Veihcanevenputadateonwhenthotapesstartedrecording:

15December2000,whenhemethisfirstgirlfriendathisbestfriend's

lwayshadagoodmemory,butthethrillof

youngloveemstohaveshiftedagearinhismind:fromnowon,he

wouldstartrecordinghiswholelifeindetail.“Icouldtellyou

everythingabouteverydayafterthat.”

~

[D]Needlesstosay,peoplelikeVeihareofgreatinterestto

neuroscientistshopingtounderstandthewaythebrainrecordsourlives.

Acoupleofrecentpapershavefinallyopenedawindowonthepeople’s

hrearchmightevensuggestwaysforusall

toreliveourpastwithgreaterclarity.

[E]“Highlysuperiorautobiographicalmemory”（orHSAMforshort)

firstcametolightintheearly2000s,withayoungwomannamedJill

ngtheneuroscientistandmemoryrearcherJimMcGaughone

day,sheclaimedthatshecouldrecalleverydayofherlifesincethe

ehelpexplainherexperiences

[F]McGaughinvitedhertohislab,andbegantotesther:hewould

giveheradateandaskhertotellhimabouttheworldeventsonthat

herword,shewascorrectalmosteverytime.

[G]Itdidn’ttakelongformagazinesanddocumentaryfilm-makers

tocometounderstandher“totalrecall”，andthanktothesubquent

mediainterest,afewdozenothersubjects(includingVeih)havesince

comeforwardandcontactedtheteamattheUniversityofCalifornia,

Irvine.

[H]Interestingly,theirmemoriesarehighlylf-centred:although

theycanremember“autobiographical”lifeeventsinextraordinary

detail,theyemtobenobetterthanaverageatrecallingimpersonal

information,suchasrandom(任意选取的）they

necessarilybetteratrememberingaroundofdrinks,hough

theirmemoriesarevast,theyarestilllikelytosufferfrom“fal

memories”.Clearly,thereisnosuchthingasa“perfect”memory—their

extraordinarymindsarestillusingthesameflawedtoolsthattherest

stionis,how

[I]LawrencePatihisattheUniversityofSouthernMississippi

recentlystudiedaround20peoplewithHSAMandfoundthattheyscored

particularlyhighontwomeasures:fantasyproneness(倾向)andabsorption.

Fantasypronenesscouldbeconsideredatendencytoimagineanddaydream,

whereasabsorptionisthetendencytoallowyourmindtobecomefully

absorbedinanactivitytopaycompleteattentiontothensations(感

受)andtheexperiences.“I’mextremelynsitivetosounds,smellsand

visualdetail,”explainsNicoleDonohue,whohastakenpartinmanyof

thestudies.“Idefinitelyfeelthingsmorestronglythantheaverage

person.”

[J]Theabsorptionhelpsthemtoestablishstrongfoundationsfor

recollection,saysPatihis,andthefantasypronenessmeansthatthey

revisitthomemoriesagainandagaininthecomingweeksandmonths.

Eachtimethisinitialmemorytraceis“replayed”,itbecomeven

ways,youprobablygothroughthatprocessafterabig

eventlikeyourweddingday,butthedifferenceisthatthankstotheir

otherpsychologicaltendencies,theHSAMsubjectsaredoingitdayin,

dayout,forthewholeoftheirlives.

[K]NoteveryonewithatendencytofantasiwilldevelopHSAM,

though,soPatihissuggeststhatsomethingmusthavecaudthemtothink

somuchabouttheirpast.“Maybesomeexperienceintheirchildhood

meantthattheybecameobsd(着迷）withcalendarsandwhathappened

tothem,”saysPatihis.

》

[L]ThepeoplewithHSAMI’veinterviewedwouldcertainlyagreethat

lusside,itallowsyoutorelivethe

,forinstance,

paretime,hevisitedthelocalart

galleries,andthepaintingsarenowlodgeddeepinhisautobiographical

memories.

[M]“Imaginebeingabletoremembereverypainting,oneverywall,

ineverygalleryspace,betweennearly40countries，”hesays.“That’s

abigeducationinartbyitlf.”Withthiscomprehensiveknowledgeof

thehistoryofart,hehassincebecomeaprofessionalpainter.

[N]Donohue,nowahistoryteacher,agreesthatithelpedduring

certainpartsofhereducation.“IcandefinitelyrememberwhatIlearned

imaginewhattheteacherwassaying

orwhatitlookedlikeinthebook.”

[O]NoteveryonewithHSAMhaxperiencedthebenefits,however.

Viewingthepastinhighdefinitioncanmakeitverydifficulttoget

overpainandregret.“Itcanbeveryhardtoforgetembarrassing

moments,”saysDonohue.“Youfeelthesameemotions—itisjustasraw,

justasfresh...Youcan’tturnoffthatstreamofmemories,nomatter

howhardyoutry.”Veihagrees.“Itislikehavingtheopenwounds—

theyarejustapartofyou,”hesays.

[P]Thismeanstheyoftenhavetomakeaspecialefforttolaythe

,forinstance,oftengetspainful“flashbacks”，in

whichunwantedmemoriesintrudeintohisconsciousness,butoverallhe

haschontoeitasthebestwayofavoidingrepeatingthesame

mistakes.“Somepeopleareabsorbedinthepastbutnotopentonew

memories,butthat’orwardtoeachdayand

experiencingsomethingnew.”

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

withHSAMhavethesamememoryasordinarypeoplewhenitcomesto

impersonalinformation.

pronenesswillnotnecessarilycaupeopletodevelopHSAM.

…

begantorememberthedetailsofhiverydayexperiencesafterhe

methisfirstyounglove.

morepeoplewithHSAMstartedtocontactrearchersduetothemass

media.

withHSAMoftenhavetomakeeffortstoavoidfocusingonthepast.

peopledonothaveclearmemoriesofpastevents.

canbebothacurandablessing.

youngwomansoughtexplanationfromabrainscientistwhenshe

noticedherunusualmemory.

peoplewithHSAMfinditveryhardtogetridofunpleasantmemories.

recentstudyofpeoplewithHSAMrevealsthattheyareliableto

fantasyandfullabsorptioninanactivity.

·

SectionC

Directions:ssageis

hofthem

therearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthe

bestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2witha

singlelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions46to50arebadonthefollowingpassage.

Thephraalmostcompletesitlf:’sthestage

inthemiddleofthejourneywhenpeoplefeelyouthvanishing,their

prospectsnarrowinganddeathapproaching.

There’sonlyoneproblemwiththecliche(套话).Itisn’ttrue.

“Infact,thereisalmostnohardevidenceformidlifecrisisother

thanafewsmallpilotstudiesconducteddecadesago,”BarbaraHagerty

writesinhernewbook,tbulkoftherearch

showsthattheremaybeapau,orashiftingofgearsinthe40sor

50s,butthisshift“canbeexciting,ratherthanterrifying”.

BarbaraHagertylooksatsomeofthefeaturesofpeoplewhoturn

eakroutines,becau“autopilotis

death”.Theychoopurpooverhappiness一havingaclearnof

purpoevenreducestheriskofAlzheimer’vepriority

torelationships,ascareersoftenrecede(逐渐淡化).

￥

LifeReimaginedpaintsapictureofmiddleagethatisfarfromgloomy.

entity

hasbeenformed;you’vebuiltupyourresources;andnowyouhavethe

chancetotakethebigrisksprecilybecauyourfoundationisalready

cure.

leage,he

wrote,“thesowingisbehind;hasbeen

taken;ationhasbeenmade;nowisthe

timefortheventureoftheworkitlf.”

Themiddle-agedperson,Barthcontinued,canedeathinthedistance,

butmoveswitha“measuredhaste”togetbignewthingsdonewhile

thereisstilltime.

arehealthy

presidentialcandidatesrunningfortheir

firstterminofficeatage68,rlifespanischanging

uldhavebeenconsidered

thebeginningofadescentisnowapotentialturningpoint—theturning

pointyouaremostequippedtotakefulladvantageof.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

estheauthorthinkofthephra“midlifecrisis”

A)Ithasledtoalotofdebate.B)Itiswidely

acknowledged.

C)Itisnolongerfashionable.D)Itmisreprentsreal

life.

{

doesBarbaraHagertyviewmidlife

A)Itmaybethebeginningofacrisis.

B)Itcanbeanewphaofone’slife.

C)Itcanbeterrifyingfortheunprepared.

D)Itmayeold-agediasapproaching.

ismidlifepicturedinthebookLifeReimagined

）

A)Itcanbequitero.

B)Itcanbeburdensome.

C)Itundergoesradicaltransformation.

D)Itmakesforthebestpartofone’slife.

toKarlBarth,midlifeisthetime_______.

A)torelaxB)tomature

C)toharvestD)toreflect

#doestheauthorsayaboutmidlifetoday

A)Itismoremeaningfulthanotherstagesoflife.

B)Itislikelytochangethenarrativeofone’slife,

C)Itismoreimportanttothowithalongerlifespan.

D)Itislikelytobeacriticalturningpointinone’slife.

PassageTwo

·

Questions51to55arebadonthefollowingpassage.

Inspring,chickensstartlayingagain,bringingawelcomesourceof

proteinatwinter’’snosurprithatculturesaroundthe

worldcelebratespringbyhonoringtheegg.

Sometraditionsaresimple,liketheredeggsthatgetbakedinto

elevatetheeggintoafancyart,likethe

heavilyjewel-covered“eggs”thatwerefavoredbytheRussiansstarting

inthe19thcentury.

turies,

porary

artistshavefollowedthistraditiontocreateeggsthatspeaktothe

anxietiesofourage:Lifeisprecious,e,too.

“There’ssomethingabouttheirdelicatenaturethatappealstome,”

lyearsago,shebecame

interestedineggsandlearnedthetraditionalUkrainiantechniqueto

drawherverymodemcharacters.“I’vebrokeneggsateverystageofthe

process—fromtheverybeginningtothevery,veryend.”

Butthere’sanappealinthatvulnerability.“There’spartofthis

sickeninghorrorofknowingyou’rewalkingontheedgewiththis,that

Ikindoflike,knowingthatitcouldallfallapartatanycond.”

Chast’sdesigns,suchasaworriedmanaloneinatinyrowboat,reflect

thatdelicateness.

elaboratepatternswerebelievedtoofferprotectionagainstevil.

“There’sanancientlegendthataslongastheeggsaremade,

evilwillnotprevailintheworld,”saysJoanBrander,aCanadianegg-

painterwhohasbeenpaintingeggsforover60years,havinglearnedthe

artfromherUkrainianrelatives.

)

Thetradition,datingbackto300.,waslaterincorporatedintothe

symbols,however,atedegg

withabirdonit,giventoayoungmarriedcouple,isawishforchildren.

Adecoratedeggthrownintothefieldwouldbeawishforagoodharvest.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

dopeopleinmanyculturesprizetheegg

A)Itisawelcomesignofthecomingofspring.

B)Itistheirmajorsourceofproteininwinter.

C)Itcaneasilybemadeintoaworkofart.

D)Itcanbringwealthandhonortothem.

[

dowelearnaboutthedecorated“eggs”inRussia

A)Theyareshapedlikejewelcas.

B)Theyarecherishedbytherich.

C)Theyareheavilypaintedinred.

D)Theyarefavoredasaformofart.

havecontemporaryartistscontinuedtheeggarttradition

A)Eggsrveasanenduringsymbolofnewlife.

·

B)Eggshaveanovalshapeappealingtoartists.

C)Eggsreflecttheanxietiesofpeopletoday.

D)Eggsprovideauniquesurfacetopainton.

doesChastenjoytheprocessofdecoratingeggs

A)Sheneverknowsiftheeggwillbreakbeforethedesigniscompleted.

B)Shecanaddmultipledetailstothedesigntocommunicateheridea.

C)Shealwaysderivesgreatpleasurefromdesigningsomethingnew.

@

D)Sheisneversurewhatthefinaldesignwilllooklikeuntilthe

end.

dowelearnfromthepassageaboutegg-painting

A)ItoriginatedintheeasternpartofEurope.

B)Ithasahistoryofovertwothousandyears.

C)Itisthemosttime-honoredformoffancyart.

D)Itispeciallyfavoredasachurchdecoration.

$

PartIVTranslation

(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslatea

uldwriteyouransweronAnswer

Sheet2.

在珠江是华南一大河系，流经广州市，是中国第三长的河流，仅次于长江和黄

河。珠江三角洲(delta)是中国最发达的地区之一，面积约11，000平方公里。它

在面积和人口方面也是世界上最大的城市聚集区。珠江三角洲九个最大城市共有

5700多万人口。上世纪70年代末中国改革开放以来，珠江三角洲已成为中国和世

界主要经济区域和制造中心之一。

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

快速对答案

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翻译第一套答案：

珠江是华南第一大河系，流经广州市，是中国第三长的河流，仅次于长江和黄

河。

》

ThePearlRiver,thelargestriversystemofsouthernChinathatflows

throughGuangzhou,isthethirdlongestriverinChina,onlycondtothe

YangtzeRiverandtheYellowRiver.

珠江三角洲是中国最发达的地区之一，面积约为11000平方公里。

ThePearlRiverDeltaisoneofthemostdevelopedregionsinChina

withanareaofabout11,000squarekilometers.

它在面积和人口方面也是世界上最大的城市聚集区。

Itisalsothegreatesturbanareasinbothsizeandpopulationall

overtheworld.

珠江三角洲九个最大城市共有5,700多万人口。上世纪70年代末中国改革开

放以来，珠江三角洲已成为中国和世界主要经济区域和制造中心之一。

TheninelargestcitiesofthePearlRiverDeltatotallyhavea

heChinereformandopening

upinthelate1970s,thePearlRiverDeltahasbecomeoneofthemajor

economicregionsandmanufacturingcentersinChinaandtheworld.

2017年6月大学英语四级真题及答案

,

(第二套)

PartIWriting

(25minutes)

(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritean

advertimentonyourcampuswebsitetollabicycleyouudatcollege.

Youradvertimentmayincludeitsbrand,features,conditionandprice,

uldwriteatleast120wordsbutno

morethan180words.

PartIIListeningComprehension

(30minutes)

【

SectionA

Directions:Inthisction,

theendofeachnewsreport,

ouhear

questions,youmustchoothebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarked

A),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1

withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Questions1to2arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

1.A)Themajorityofdriversprefertodriveandparkthemlves.

B)Humandriversbecomeeasilydistractedortiredwhiledriving.

C)Mostdriversfeeluncertainaboutthesafetyoflf-drivingcars.

D)Mostdrivershavetestdrivencarswithautomaticbrakingfeatures.

2.A)Theirdriverswouldfeelsafeaftergettingudtotheautomatic

devices.

B)Theywouldbeunpopularwithdriverswhoonlytrusttheirown

skills.

C)Theirincreadcomfortlevelshaveboostedtheirsales.

D)Theyarenotactuallyassafeasautomakersadverti.

Questions3to4arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

3.A)TheftsofsnowmobiledogsinAlaska.

;

B)Ariesofinjuriestosnowmobiledrivers.

C)AttacksonsomeIditarodRacecompetitors.

D)AriousaccidentintheAlaskasportvent.

4.A)Hestayedbehindtolookafterhisinjureddogs.

B)HehaswontheAlaskaIditarodRacefourtimes.

C)HereceivedaminorinjuryintheIditarodRace.

D)HehasquitthecompetitioninAlaskaforgood.

！

Questions5to7arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

5.A)Itsankintotheaduetooverloading.

B)ItranintoNicaragua’sBigCornIsland.

C)Itdisappearedbetweentwolargeislands.

D)Itturnedoverbecauofstrongwinds.

6.A)13.B)25.

C)30.D)32.

[

7.A)Hehashelpedwiththerescueeffort.

B)Heisbeinginvestigatedbythepolice.

C)Hewasdrownedwiththepasngers.

D)Heisamongthopeoplemissing.

SectionB

Directions:Inthisction,youwillheartwolongconversations.

Attheendofeachconversation,e

ouhear

aquestion,youmustchoothebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarked

A),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1

withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

：

Questions8to11arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

8.A)Atashoppingcentre.B)Atacommunitycollege.

C)Atanaccountancyfirm.D)AtanITcompany.

9.A)Helpingoutwithdatainput.B)Arranging

interviews.

C)Sortingapplicationforms.D)Makingphonecalls.

)

10.A)Heenjoysusingcomputers.

B)Heneedsthemoneybadly.

C)Hewantstoworkinthecitycentre.

D)Hehasrelevantworkingexperience.

11.A)Purchasomebusinesssuits.

B)Learnsomecomputerlanguage.

C)Improvehisprogrammingskills.

D)Reviewsomeaccountancyterms.

）

Questions12to15arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

12.A)Theyarekeenonhightechnology.

B)Theyarepoorattechnologyskills.

C)TheyoftenlistentoNationalPublicRadio.

D)Theyfeelsuperiorinscienceandtechnology.

13.A)Japane.B)Germans.

;

C)Poles.D)Americans.

14.A)Emailing.B)Texting.

C)Science.D)Literacy.

15.A)Itisundergoingadrasticreform.

B)Itlaymphasisoncreativethinking.

C)Ithasmuchroomforimprovement.

~

D)Itprioritizestrainingofpracticalskills.

SectionC

Directions:Inthisction,youwillhearthreepassagesoflectures

ordingswillbe

ouhearaquestion,youmustchoothebest

answerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Thenmarkthe

correspondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthe

centre.

Questions16to18arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

16.A)Theyhavesmallroots.B)Theygrowwhiteflowers.

C)Theytastelikeapples.D)TheycomefromCentralAfrica.

;

17.A)Theyturnedfromwhitetopurpleincolor.

B)Theybecamepopularontheworldmarket.

C)Theybecameanimportantfoodforhumans.

D)Theybegantolooklikemodern-daycarrots.

18.A)Theywerefoundquitenutritious.

B)Therewereriousfoodshortages.

C)Peoplediscoveredtheirmedicinalvalue.

D)Farmmachineshelpedlowertheirprices.

，

Questions19to21arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

19.A)Shecouldupdateherfamilyanytimesheliked.

B)Shecouldcallupherfamilywheneversheliked

C)Shecouldlocateherfriendswherevertheywere.

D)Shecoulddownloadasmanypicturesassheliked.

20.A)Shelikedtoinformherfriendsabouthersuccess.

!

B)Sheenjoyedreadingherfriends’statusupdates.

C)Shefeltquitepopularamongthem.

D)Shefeltshewasateenageragain.

21.A)Shecouldbarelyrespondtoallher500Facebookfriends.

B)Shespentmoretimeupdatingherfriendsthanherfamily.

C)ShecouldbarelybalanceFacebookupdatesandherwork.

D)Shedidn’temtobedoingaswellasherFacebookfriends.

/

Questions22to25arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

22.A)Theyhavestrongmuscles.

B)Theylivealongerlifethanhors.

C)Theyeatmuchlessinwinter.

D)Theycanworklongerthandonkeys.

]

23.A)ItwasapetofaSpanishking.

B)ItwasboughtbyGeorgeWashington.

C)ItwasbroughtoverfromSpain.

D)ador.

24.A)Theymetandexchangedideasonanimalbreeding.

B)Theyparticipatedinamule-drivingcompetition.

C)Theyshowedandtradedanimalsinthemarket.

￥

D)Theyfedmuleswiththebestfoodtheycouldfind.

25.A)Thewideruofhors.B)Thearrivaloftractors.

C)Ashrinkinganimaltrade.D)Agrowingdonkeypopulation.

PartⅢReadingComprehension(40

minutes)

~

SectionA

Directions:Inthisction,

arerequiredtolectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoices

epassagethrough

carefullybeforemakingyourchoices,Eachchoiceinthebankis

markthecorrespondingletterforeach

not

uanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Questions26to35arebadonthefollowingpassage.

America’sInternetisfesterthaneverbefore,butpeoplestill

complainabouttheirInternetbeingtooslow.

NewYork’sAttorneyGeneral’soffice(26)_______aninvestigation

inthefallintowhetherornotVerizon,CablevisionandTimeWarnerare

deliveringbroadbandthat’sasfastastheproviders(27)_______itis.

Earlierthismonth,theofficeaskedforthepublic’shelptomeasure

theirspeedresults,sayingconsumers(28)_______togetthespeedsthey

werepromid.“Toomanyofusmaybepayingforonething,andgetting

another，”theAttorneyGeneralsaid.

Iftheinvestigationuncoversanything,itwouldn’tbethefirst

timeatelecomprovidergotinto(29)_______overthebroadbandspeeds

June,theFederal

CommunicationsCommissionfinedAT&T$100millionover(30)_______that

thecarriercretlyreducedwirelessspeedsaftercustomersconsumeda

certainamountof(31)_______.

Evenwhentheystayontherightsideofthelaw,Internetproviders

aroucustomers’isweek,

aninvestigationfoundthatmediaandtelecomgiantComcastis

&

themost(32)_______10months,Comcastreceivednearly

12,000customercomplaints,many(33)_______toitsmonthlydatacapand

overage(超过额度的）charges.

SomeAmericansaregettingso(34)_______withInternetproviders

they’t

studyfoundthatthenumberofAmericanswithhigh-speedInternetathome

today(35)_______fellduringthelasttwoyears,and15%ofpeoplenow

considerthemlvestobe“cord-cutters.”

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

A)accusationsB)actually%

C)claim

D)

communicating

E)complainF)dataG)dervedH)frustrated

I)hatedJ)launched;

K)relating

L)times

M)troubleN)usuallyO)worried

SectionB

。

Directions:Inthisction,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithten

atementcontainsinformationgivenin

fytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformation

ragraphis

thequestionsbymarkingthecorresponding

letteronAnswerSheet2.

FromAccountanttoYogi:MakingaRadicalCareerChange

[A]Atsomepoint,almostallofuswillexperienceaperiodof

uswillekitout;forothersit

willfeellikeanunwelcomeintrusionintootherwistablecareers.

Eitherway,wehavechoicesabouthowwerespondtoitwhenitcomes.

[B]WerecentlycaughtupwithyogaentrepreneurLeahZaccaria,who

putherlfthroughthefireofchangetocompletelyreinventherlf.

Inherarchtolivealifeofpurpo,Leahleftherhigh-paying

accountingjob,herhusband,andherhome,hitheprocess,shebuilta

hen,shehasfoundedtwoyoga

studios,metanewlifepartner,andformedanewcommunityofpeople.

Evenifyourpersonalreinventionislessdrastic,wethinkthereare

lessonsfromherexperiencethatapply.

[C]WheredotheedsofchangecomefromtheNativeAmericanIndians

haveasaying:“Payattentiontothewhisperssoyouwon’thavetohear

thescreams.”Oftenthebestideasforbigchangescomefromunexpected

places—it’eadersrecognizethe

reflectsonatimeshelistenedtothewhispers:“Aboutthetimemy

edhavinganthat‘thisisn’t

right.”’Shethenrealizedthatherlifenolongermatchedhervision

forit.

[D]Upuntilthatpoint,Leahhadfollowedtraditionalmeasuresof

raduatingwithadegreeinbusinessandaccounting,she

joinedapublicaccountingfirm,married,boughtahou,putlotsof

stuffinit,andhadababy.“Ididwhateverybodyelthoughtlooked

successful,”silycouldhavefallenintoatrapof

feelingcontent;instead,herenergysparkedaperiodofexperimentation

andrenewal.

[E]Feelingtheneedtochange,Leahstartedplayingwithfuture

possibilitiesbyexploringherinterestsanddevelopingnewcapabilities.

Firsttryingphysicalexercianddieting,shelostsomeweightand

discoveredaninnerstrength.“1feltpowerfulbecau1brokethrough

myownlimitations,”sherecalls.

)

[F]However,itwasanotherinterestthatledLeahtoradically

reinventherlf.“Iremembersittingonabenchwithmyauntatayoga

studio,’’shesaid,havingamomentofclarityrightthenandthere:

wakingmeup.I’mnothappyandIwant

tochangeandI’mdonewiththis.”InthatmomentofclarityLeahmade

animportantleap,conqueringherinnerresistancetochangeandmakinga

firmcommitmenttotakebiggersteps.

[G]Creatingthefutureyouwantisaloteasierifyouarereadyto

ahmadethe

commitmenttochange,sheprimedherlftonewopportunitiesshemay

alls:

[H]OnedayamanIworkedwith,Ryan,whohadhisofficenextto

mine,said,“Leah,let’sgolookatthisspaceonQueenAnne.”Heknew

myloveforyogaandhadenaspaceclotowherehelivedthathe

asIsawthe

location,Iwasscared,yetIhadthis

strongnof“Ihavetodothis.”OnlyafewmonthslaterLeahopened

herfirstyogastudio,butsuccesswasnotinstant.

[I]’swhyleaderscontinueto

managetheprentwhilebuildingtowardthebigchangesofthefuture.

Whenit’stimetomaketheleap,theytakeactionandimmediatelydrop

what’llyLeahstayedwithher

accountingjobwhilestartinguptheyogastudiotomakeitallwork.

[J]Soonafter,sheknewshehadtomakeaboldmovetofullycommit

twoyears,Leahshedthesafetyofheraccounting

asticchangeisnoteasy.

[K]Steeringthroughchangeandfacingobstaclesbringsusfaceto

flectsononeincidentthattriggeredher

fears,whenherinvestorsthreatenedtoshutherdown:“Iwasprobably

upagainstthemostfearI’veeverhad，”shesays.“Ihadspenttwo

yearscultivatingthiscommunity,andithadbecomesuccessfulveryfast,

butwithinsixmonthsIwasfacingtheprospectoflosingitall.”

[L]Sheconnectedwithhernofpurpoanddugdeep,cultivating

atremendousnofstrength.“Iwasfeelingsointentionalandstrong

thatIwasn’inking,‘OK,

guys,ifyouwanttotrytoshutmedown,shutmedown.’AndIknewit

wasanegotiationscheme,soIwasabletosaytomylf,‘Thisisnot

real.’”Bynamingherfearsandfacingthemhead-on,Leahgained

tofus,lettinggoofthesafetyandcurityofthe

goutourfearxplicitly,asLeah

did,canhelpusactdecisively.

[M]’sgrowthspurredherto

openhercondstudio—anditwasn’tforthemoney.

；

[N]’snotabout

that;it’ly,Ididn’tneedtoopenacond

ow

ifyoudon’tgrow,youstandstill,andthatdoesn’tworkforme.

[O]Considerthecurrentmomentinyourownlife,yourteamoryour

reyouinthecycleofrenewal:Areyouactively

prervingtheprent,orlectivelyforgettingthepast,orboldly

creatingthefutureWhatadvicewouldLeahgiveyoutomoveyouaheadon

yourjourneyOncewe’reonthepathofgrowth,wecancontinuallymove

throughtheasonsoftransformationandrenewal.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

esstotakeadvantageofnewopportunitieswillmakeiteasier

tocreateone’sdesiredfuture.

entionalstandards,Leahwasatypicalsuccessfulwomanbefore

shechangedhercareer.

inedconfidencebylayingoutherfearsandconfrontingthem

directly.

chofameaningfullife,Leahgaveupwhatshehadandtup

herownyogastudios.

40Leah'sinterestinyogapromptedhertomakeafirmdecisiontoreshape

herlife.

；

ignsmayindicategreatchangestocomeandthereforemerit

attention.

’sfirstyogastudiowasbynomeansanimmediatesuccess.

opleregardprofessionalchangeasanunpleasantexperience

thatdisturbstheirstablecareers.

stfearLeaheverhadwastheprospectoflosingheryoga

business.

xplorednewinterestsanddevelopednewpotentials，Leahfelt

powerfulinternally.

SectionC

Directions:ssageis

hofthem

therearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthe

bestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2witha

singlelinethroughthecentre.

；

PassageOne

Questions46to50arebadonthefollowingpassage.

TheUrbanization—migrationawayfromthesuburbstothecitycenter

—willbethebiggestrealestatetrendin2015,accordingtoanew

report.

ThereportsaysAmerica’surbanizationwillcontinuetobethemost

significantissueaffectingtheindustry,ascitiesacrossthecountry

imitatethewalkabilityandtransit-orienteddevelopmentmakingcities

likeNewYorkandSanFranciscososuccessful.

Assmallercitiescopythemodelofthe“24-hourcities，’’

ort

referstothisasthecomingofthe“18-hourcity，”，andustheterm

torefertocitieslikeHouston,Austin,Charlotte,andNashville,which

are“positioningthemlvesashighlycompetitive,intermsoflivability,

employmentofferings,andrecreationalandculturalfacilities.”

Anothertrendthatlookssignificantin2015isthatAmerica’s

largestpopulationgroup,Millennials(千禧一代)，willcontinuetoput

entswillretaintheirappealforawhilefor

Millennials,hauntedbywhathappenedtohome-owningparents.

Thistrendwillcontinueintothe2020s,

that,surveyrespondentsdisagreeoverwhetherthisgenerationwillfollow

intheirparents，footsteps,movingtothesuburbstoraifamilies,or

willchootoremaininthecitycenter.

Anotherissueaffectingrealestateinthecomingyearwillbe

America’ads,bridges,transit,water

systems,theelectricgrid,andcommunicationsnetworkswereinstalled

50to100yearsago,andtheyarelargelytakenforgranteduntilthey

fail.

|

Thereport’swritersstatethatAmerica’sfailuretoinvestin

infrastructureimpactsnotonlythehealthofthereal-estatemarket,but

alsoourabilitytoremaingloballycompetitive.

Apartfromthespecifictrendshighlightedabove,whichcausome

investorstoworry,thereportportraysanoveralloptimismbornebythe

recenthealthyreal-estate“upcycle”y-

fourpercentoftherespondentssurveyedreporta“goodtoexcellent”

xcessive

optimismcanpromotebadinvestmentpatterns,resultinginareal-estate

“bubble,”thereport’swritersdownplaythatpotentialoutcomeinthat

ithasnotyetoccurred.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

ingtothenewreport,realestatedevelopmentin2015will

witness_______.

A)anacceleratingspeed

B)ashifttocitycenters

C)anewfocusonsmallcities

D)anever-increasingdemand

aracterizes“24-hourcities”likeNewYork

%

A)Peoplecanlivewithoutprivatecars.

B)Peoplearegenerallymorecompetitive.

C)Peoplecanenjoyrvicesaroundtheclock.

D)Peopleareinharmonywiththeenvironment.

Millennialsreluctanttobuyahou

A)Theycanonlyaffordsmallapartments.

B)Thehoupricesarecurrentlytoohigh.

》

C)Theirparents'badexperiencestillhauntsthem.

D)Theyfeelattachedtothesuburbanenvironment.

ghthinderrealestatedevelopmentinthe.

A)Thecontinuingeconomicrecessioninthecountry.

B)Thelackofconfidenceonthepartofinvestors.

C)Thefierceglobalcompetition.

D)Theworninginfrastructure.

-

estatemarketin2015

A)Pessimistic.B)Hopeful.

C)Cautious.D)Uncertain.

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebadonthefollowingpassage.

Thebrainisaeminglyendlesslibrary,whoshelveshouour

mostpreciousmemoriesaswellasourlifetime’here

apointwhereitreachescapacity

:

Theanswerisno,becaubrainsaremoresophisticatedthanthat.

Insteadofjustcrowdingin,oldinformationissometimespushedoutof

thebrainfornewmemoriestoform.

Previousbehaviouralstudieshaveshownthatlearningnewinformation

newstudy,rearchersdemonstratedfor

thefirsttimehowthiffectoccursinthebrain.

Indailylife,e,for

instance,cardyoureceivewill

comewithanewpersonalidentificatipnnumber(PIN).Eachtimeyou

rememberthenewPIN,ocess

improvesaccesstorelevantinformation,withoutoldmemoriesinterfering.

Andmostofusmaysometimesfeelthefrustrationofhavingold

memoriesinterferewithnew,ertryingto

rememberwhereyouparkedyourcarinthesamecarparkyouwereata

peofmemory(whereyouaretryingtoremembernew,

butsimilarinformation)isparticularlyvulnerabletointerference.

Whenweacquirenewinformation,thebrainautomaticallytriesto

incorporate(合并)itwithinexistinginformationbyformingassociations.

Andwhenweretrieve(检索)information,boththedesiredandassociated

butirrelevantinformationisrecalled.,

Themajorityofpreviousrearchhasfocudonhowwelearnand

rentstudiesarebeginningtoplace

greateremphasisontheconditionsunderwhichweforget,asits

importancebeginstobemoreappreciated.

Averysmallnumberofpeopleareabletorememberalmosteverydetail

tmaysoundlikeanadvantagetomany,peoplewith

thisrareconditionoftenfindtheirunusualabilityburdensome.

Inan,forgettingisourbrain’swayofsortingmemories,so

forgettingmay

evenbeasafetymechanismtoensureourbraindoesn’tbecometoofull.

》

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

vepastbehaviouralstudiesfoundaboutourbrain

A)Itscapacityactuallyknowsnolimits.

B)Itgrowssophisticatedwithpractice.

C)Itkeepsourmostpreciousmemoriesuntillife’nd.

D)Newinformationlearnedpushesoldinformationout.

thebenefitofforgetting

A)Itfreesusfrompainfulmemories.

B)Ithelpsslowdownouragingprocess.

C)Itfacilitatesouraccesstorelevantinformation.

D)Itpreventsoldinformationfromformingassociations.

theemphasisofcurrentstudiesofmemory

A)Whenpeopletendtoforget.

B)Whatcontributestoforgetting.

;

C)Hownewtechnologyhindersmemorycapacity.

D)Whylearningandforgettingarccomplementary.

peoplefindabouttheirrareabilitytoremembereverydetail

oftheirlife

A)Itaddstotheburdenoftheirmemory.

B)Itmakestheirlifemorecomplicated.

C)Itcontributestotheirsuccessinlife.

D)Itconstitutesarareobjectofenvy.

~

esthepassagesayaboutforgetting

A)Itcanenlargeourbraincapacity.

B)Ithelpsgetridofnegativememories.

C)Itisawayoforganisingourmemories.

D)Itshouldnotcauanyalarminanyway.

PartIVTranslation

(30minutes)

—

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslatea

uldwriteyouransweronAnswer

Sheet2.

长江是亚洲最长、世界上第三长的河流。长江流经多种不同的生态系统，是诸

多濒危物种的栖息地，灌溉了中国五分之一的土地。长江流域(riverbasin)居

住着三分之一的人口。长江在中国历史、文化和经济上起着很大的作用。长江三角

洲(delta)产出多达20%的中国国民生产总值。几千年来，长江一直被用于供水、运

输和工业生产。长江上还坐落着世界最大的水电站。

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

参考答案

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翻译第二套答案：

长江是亚洲最长、世界上第三长的河流。长江流经多种不同的生态系统，是诸多濒危物种

的栖息地，灌溉了中国五分之一的土地。长江流域居住着中国三分之一的人口。长江在中国历

史、文化和经济上起着很大的作用。长江三角洲产出多达20%的中国国民生产总值。几千年

来，长江一直被用于供水，运输和工业生产。长江上还坐落着世界最大的水电站。

TheYangtzeRiveristhelongestriverinAsiaandalsothethirdlongest

eRiverwhichflowsthroughavarietyof

differentecosystems,isthehabitatofmanyendangeredspecies,irrigatingone

gtzeRiverBasinishometoonethirdof

Chinepopulation,whichplaysasignificantroleonChinehistory,culture

gtzeRiverDeltaproducesuptotwentypercentofChina's

usandsofyears,theYangtzeRiverhasbeen

takenadvantagesofwatersupply,transportationandindustrialproduction.

Besides,theworld’slargesthydro-electricpowerstationstandsontheYangtze

River.

262728293031~

32

33343536373839?

40

447（

48

4950

JCGMA？

F

IKHBGDL。

B

FCHAKEB、

C

CDB

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55

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C】`

2017年6月大学英语四级真题及答案

(第三套)

-

PartIWriting

(30minutes)

(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritean

advertimentonyourcampuswebsitetollsomeofthecourbooksyou

vertimentmayincludeabriefdescriptionof

theircontent,theircondition,theirpriceandyourcontactinformation.

Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

PartIIListeningComprehension

(25minutes)

说明：2017年6月大学英语四级考试全国共考了两套听力.本套的听力

内容与第二套相同，因此本套听力部分不再重复给出。

~

PartⅢReadingComprehension(40

minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthisction,

arerequiredtolectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoices

epassagethrough

carefullybeforemakingyourchoices,Eachchoiceinthebankis

markthecorrespondingletterforeach

not

uanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Questions26to35arebadonthefollowingpassage.

Asifyouneededanotherreasontohatethegym,itnowturnsout

thatexercicanexhaustnotonlyyourmuscles,

not,however,(26)_______

exerci,ourmusclestireastheyrunoutoffuelandbuildupwaste

performancecanalsobeaffectedbya(27)_______called

"centralfatigue,”inwhichanimbalanceinthebody’schemical

mesngerspreventsthecentralnervoussystemfromdirectingmuscle

movements（28)_______.Itwasnotknown,however,whethercentralfatigue

mightalsoaffectmotorsystemsnotdirectly(29)_______inthe

exerciitlf,out,

rearchersgave11volunteercyclistsacarbohydrate(碳水化合物的）

(30)_______eitherwithamoderatedoofcaffeine(咖啡因)，whichis

knowntostimulatethecentralnervoussystem,orasaplacebo(安慰剂）

without,during3hoursof(31)_______.Afterexercising,thescientists

testedthecyclistswitheyetrackingcamerastoehowwelltheirbrains

couldstill(32)_______mfoundthatexerci

reducedthespeedofrapideyemovementsbyabout8%,(33)_______their

feine,theequivalent

oftwostrongcupsofcoffee,was(34)_______toreverthiffect,

withsomecyclistvendisplaying(35)_______

itmightbeagoodideatogetsomeoneeltodriveyouhomeafterthat

marathon.

`

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

A)cautiouslyB)commitC)controlD)cycling

E)effectivelyF)increadG)involved<

H)limited

I)phenomenonJ)preventingK)nsitiveL)slowing

M)solutionN)sufficientO)vigorous]

SectionB

Directions:Inthisction,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithten

atementcontainsinformationgivenin

fytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformation

ragraphis

thequestionsbymarkingthecorresponding

letteronAnswerSheet2.

Teamspirit

[A]Teamshavebecomethebasicbuildingblocksoforganizations.

Recruitmentadvertimentsroutinelycallfor“teamplayers”.Business

schoolsgradetheirstudentsinpartontheirperformanceingroup

managersknockdownwallstoencourageteambuilding.

Teamsareasoldascivilization,ofcour:evenJesushad12co-workers.

ButanewreportbyDeloitte,“GlobalHumanCapitalTrends”,badon

asurveyofmorethan7,000executivesinover130countries,suggests

halfof

thosurveyedsaidtheircompanieswereeitherinthemiddleof

restructuringorabouttoembarkon(开始）it;andforthemostpart,

restructuringmeantputtingmoreemphasisonteams.

[B]Companiesareabandoningconventionalfunctionaldepartmentsand

organisingemployeesintocross-disciplinaryteamsthatfocuson

particularproducts,eamsaregainingmore

ealsospendingmoretimeworking

tearguesthatanew

organisationalformisontheri:anetworkofteamsisreplacingthe

conventionalhierarchy(等级体制).

[C]Thefashionforteamsisdrivenbyanthattheoldwayof

organisingpeopleistoorigidforboththemodemmarketplaceandthe

logicalinnovationplacesgreatervalue

onagility(灵活性).JohnChambers,chairmanofCiscoSystemsInc.,a

worldwideleaderinelectronicsproducts,saysthat“wecompeteagainst

markettransitions(过渡)，ttransitionsudto

takefiveorvenyears;nowtheytakeoneortwo.”Digitaltechnology

alsomakesiteasierforpeopletoco-ordinatetheiractivitieswithout

“millennials”(千禧一代)whowillsoonmake

uphalftheworkforceinrichcountrieswereraidfromnurryschool

onwardstoworkingroups.

!

[D]Thefashionforteamsisalsospreadingfromtheusualcorporate

suspects(suchasGEandIBM)veland

Clinic,ahospitaloperator,hasreorganiditsmedicalstaffintoteams

tofocusonparticulartreatmentareas;consultants,nursandothers

collaborateclolyinsteadofbeingparatedbyspeciality(专业)and

ook,“TeamofTeams'

GeneralStanleyMcChrystaldescribeshowthearmy’shierarchical

structurehindereditsoperationsduringtheearlystagesoftheIraq

utionwastolearnsomethingfromtheinsurgentsitwas

fighting:decentraliauthoritytolf-organisingteams.

[E]Agoodruleofthumbisthatassoonasgeneralsandhospital

administratorsjumponamanagementbandwagon,itistimetoaskquestions.

LeighThompsonofKelloggSchoolofManagementinIllinoiswarnsthat,

‘Teamsarenotalwaystheanswer—teamsmayprovideinsight,creativity

andknowledgeinawaythatapersonworkingindependentlycannot;but

teamworkmayalsoleadtoconfusion,delayandpoordecision-making.”

ThelateRichardHackmanofHarvardUniversityonceargued,“Ihaveno

questionthatwhenyouhaveateam,thepossibilityexiststhatitwill

generatemagic,producingsomethingextraordinary...Butdon’tcounton

it.”

[F]Hackman(whodiedin2013)notedthatteamsarehamperedby

problemsofco-ordinationandmotivationthatchipawayatthebenefits

-flyersforcedtoworkinteamsmaybeundervalued

dyof

120teamsofniorexecutives,hediscoveredthatlessthan10%oftheir

hard

enoughtodefineateam’smembership,agreeingonitspurpoisharder

still.

[G]Profoundchangesintheworkforcearemakingteamstrickierto

orkbestiftheirmembershaveastrongcommonculture.

Thisishardtoachievewhen,asisnowthecainmanybigfirms,a

rkimproves

withtime:America’sNationalTransportationSafetyBoardfoundthat73%

oftheincidentsinitscivil-aviationdatabaoccurredonacrew’s

r,asAmyEdmondsonofHarvardpoints

out,organisationsincreasinglyu“team”asaverbratherthananoun:

theyformteamsforspecificpurposandthenquicklydisbandthem.

[H]Theleastthatcanbeconcludedfromthisrearchisthat

edtorid

theirmindsofntimentalism(感情用事)：themostsuccessfulteamshave

leaderswhoareabletotanoveralldirectionandtakeimmediateaction.

Theyneedtokeepteamssmallandfocud:givingintopressuretobe

more“inclusive”zos,Amazon’s

boss,saysthat“IfIemorethantwopizzasforlunch,theteamis

toobig.”Theyneedtoimmunizeteamsagainstgroup-think:Hackmanargued

thatthebestonescontain“deviants”(离经叛道者）whoarewillingto

dosomethingthatmaybeupttingtoothers.

[I]Anewstudyof12,000workersin17countriesbySteelca,a

furniture-makerwhichalsodoesconsulting,findsthatthebestwayto

ensureemployeesare“engaged”istogivethemmorecontroloverwhere

andhowtheydotheirwork―whichmaymeanliberatingthemfromhaving

todoeverythingincollaborationwithothers.

[J]However,organisationsneedtolearnsomethingbiggerthanhow

tomanageteamsbetter:theyneedtobeinthehabitofaskingthemlves

ildingskillsarein

shortsupply:Deloittereportsthatonly12%oftheexecutivesthey

contactedfeeltheyunderstandthewaypeopleworktogetherinnetworks

andonly21%feelconfidentintheirabilitytobuildcross-functional

ymanagedteamscanbecomehotbedsofdistraction―employees

routinelycomplainthattheycan’tgettheirworkdonebecautheyare

forcedtospendtoomuchtimeinmeetingsorcompelledtoworkinnoisy

theageofopen-planofficesandsocialnetworkssome

workisbestlefttotheindividual.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

36.…

sfulteamleadersknowexactlywheretheteamshouldgoandare

abletotakepromptaction.

ralisationofauthoritywasalsofoundtobemoreeffectivein

militaryoperations.

companies,theconventionalformoforganisationisgivingway

toanetworkofteams.

sofpoorlymanagedteamsareeasilydistractedfromtheirwork.

rkismosteffectivewhenteammemberssharethesameculture.

ingtoareportbyDeloitte,teamworkisbecomingincreasingly

popularamongcompanies.

ammembersfindithardtoagreeonquestionslikemembership

andtheteam’spurpo.

holarsthinkteamworkmaynotalwaysbereliable,despiteits

potentialtoworkwonders.

45.！

reemployees’commitment,itisadvisabletogivethem

moreflexibilityastowhereandhowtheywork.

ttransitionstakemuchlesstimenowthaninthepast.

SectionC

Directions:ssageis

hofthem

therearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthe

bestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2witha

singlelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions46to50arebadonthefollowingpassage.

TheShoppersintheUKarespendinglessmoneyontoiletpaperto

savemoney,rearchhasshown.

Penny-pinchingUKconsumerschoocheaperproductsfromdiscounters

suchasAldiandLidlratherthanluxuryalternatives.

《

Thishaswiped6%offthevalueofthesofttissuepapermarketin

hrunkfrom£billionin2011to£billionin2015,according

rmore,the

futureofthemarketlooksfarfromrosy,withsalexpectedtofall

furtherto£billionin2016.

Inthelastyearalone,despiteanincreaintheUKpopulationand

asubquentriinthenumberofhouholds,salesoftoiletpaperfell

by2%,withtheaveragehouholdreducingtheirtoiletrollspending

from£43in2014to£41in2015.

Overall,almostthreeinfivepeoplesaytheytrytolimittheir

usageofpaper—includingfacialtissueandkitchenroll―tosavemoney.

“Strength，softnessandthicknessremaintheleadingindicatorsof

toiletpaperquality,withjustasmallproportionofconsumerspreferring

moreluxuriousalternatives,suchasthowithflowerpatternsof

perfume,saidMintelanalystJackDuckett.''Theextrafeaturesare

deemedunnecessarybythemajorityofshoppers,whichprobablyreflects

howthetypesofproductsaretypicallymoreexpensivethanregular

toiletpaper,evenwhenonspecialoffer.”

Whileconsumersarespendinglessontoiletpaper,theyremain

fussy―intheoryatleast—ritons’

toiletpaperwishlistissoftness(57%)followedbystrength(45%)and

thickness(36%).

Onein10buyersrandtoiletrollsmadefromrecycledpaperamong

theirtopconsiderations,highlightinghowoveralltheenvironmentis

challengeformanufacturers,81%ofpaperproducturssaidtheywould

considerbuyingrecycledtoilettissueifitwerecomparableinquality

tostandardpaper.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

ketsalesoftoiletpaperhavedecreadbecau.

A)

B)Britonshavecuttheirspendingonit

C)itspriceshavegoneupovertheyears

D)itsqualityhasenmarkedimprovement

E)Britonshavedevelopedthehabitofsaving

estheauthorthinkofthefutureofthetissuepapermarket

intheUK

A)Itwillexpendintime.

B)Itwillremaingloomy.

C)~

D)Itwillexperienceupsanddowns.

E)Itwillrecoveraspopulationgrows.

esJackDuckettsayabouttoiletpaper

A)Specialofferswouldpromoteitssales.

B)Consumersareloyaltocertainbrands.

C)Luxuriousfeaturesaddmuchtotheprice.

D)Consumershaveavarietytochoofrom.

.

welearnaboutBritonsconcerningtoiletpaper

A)Theyareparticularaboutthequalityoftoiletpaper.

B)Theyemphasizethestrengthoftoiletpaperthemost.

C)Theyprefercheaptoiletpapertorecycledtoiletpaper.

D)Theyrejectusingtoiletpaperwithunnecessaryfeatures.

nweinferfromthelastparagraph

…

A)MoreandmoreBritonsbuyrecycledtoilerpapertoprotectthe

environment.

B)Toiletpapermanufacturersarefacingagreatchallengein

promotingitssales.

C)Toiletpapermanufacturerscompetewithoneanothertoimprove

productquality.

D)EnvironmentalprotectionisnotmuchofaconcernwhenBritons

buytoiletpaper.

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebadonthefollowingpassage.

“OneofthereasonsIfindthistopicveryinterestingisbecau

mymomwasasmokerwhenIwasyounger，”saysLindson-Hawley,who

studiestobaccoandhealthattheUniversityofOxford.

《

Bystudyingabout700adultsmokers,shefoundoutthathermomquit

therightway—bystoppingabruptlyandcompletely.

Inherstudy,participantswererandomly(随机地）assignedtotwo

toquitabruptlyonagivenday,goingfromaboutapack

ercutdowngraduallyoverthecouroftwoweeks.

Peopleinbothgroupsudnicotine(尼古丁）patchesbeforetheyquit,in

additiontoacondformofnicotinereplacement,likegumorspray.

Theyalsohadtalktherapywithanurbeforeandafterquitday.

Sixmonthsout,morepeoplewhohadquitabruptlyhadstuckwithit—

morethanone-fifthofthem,comparedtoaboutone-venthintheother

ghthenumbersappearlow,itismuchhigherthanifpeople

trywithoutsupport.

Andthequitrateswereparticularlyconvincinggiventhatbeforethe

studystarted,mostofthepeoplehadsaidthey’drathercutdown

graduallybeforequitting.“Ifyou’retrainingforamarathon,you

wouldn’inkpeople

ink,‘Well，ifIgraduallyreduce,

it’slikepractice，’”twasn’ttheca.

Insteadofgivingpeoplepractice,thegradualreductionlikelygavethem

cravings(瘾）andwithdrawalsymptomsbeforetheyevenreachedquitday,

whichcouldbewhyfewerpeopleinthatgroupactuallymadeittothat

point.“Regardlessofyourstatedpreference,ifyou’rereadytoquit,

quittingabruptlyismoreeffective,”laFerreira.“When

youcanquoteaspecificnumberlikeafifthofthepatientswereable

toquit,that’sthemtheencouragement,Ithink,

toreallygoforit，’’Ferreirasays.

east,

shesays,theycanmaximizetheoddsofsuccess.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

esLindson-Hawleysayabouthermother

》

A)Shequitsmokingwithherdaughter’shelp.

B)Shesucceededinquittingsmokingabruptly.

C)Shewasalsoarearcheroftobaccoandhealth.

D)Shestudiedthesmokingpatternsofadultsmokers.

kindofsupportdidsmokersreceivetoquitsmokinginLindson-Hawley’s

study

A)Theyweregivenphysicaltraining.

B)Theywerelookedafterbyphysicians.

>

C)Theywereencouragedbypsychologists.

D)Theywereofferednicotinereplacements.

laFerreiraviewtheresultofLindson-Hawley’s

experiment

A)Itisidealized.

B)Itisunexpected.

C)Itincouraging.

D)Itismisleading.

<

aof“amarathon”（Line2,Para.5)illustratesthepopular

beliefthatquittingsmoking

A)issomethingfewcanaccomplish

B)needssomepracticefirst

C)requiresalotofpatience

D)isachallengeatthebeginning

ppenswhenpeopletrytoquitsmokinggradually

（

A)Theyfinditevenmoredifficult.

B)Theyaresimplyunabletomakeit.

C)Theyshowfewerwithdrawalsymptoms.

D)Theyfeelmuchlesspainintheprocess.

PartIVTranslation

(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslatea

uldwriteyouransweronAnswer

Sheet2.

,

黄河是亚洲第三、世界第六长的河流。“黄”这个字描述的是其河水浑浊的颜色。

黄河发源于青海，流经九个省份，最后注入渤海。黄河是中国赖以生存的几条河流

之一。黄河流域(riverbasin)是中国古代文明的诞生地，也是中国早期历史上最繁

荣的地区。然而，由于极具破坏力的洪水频发，黄河曾造成多次灾害。在过去几十

年里，政府采取了各种措施防止灾害发生。

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

参考答案

翻译第三套答案：

黄河是亚洲第三、世界第六长的河流。“黄”这个字描述的是其河水浑浊的颜色。黄河发源于

青海，流经九个省份，最后注入渤海。黄河是中国赖以生存的几条河流之一。黄河流域

（riverbasin）是中国古代文明的诞生地，也是中国早期历史上最繁荣的地区。然而，由于

极具破坏力的洪水频发，黄河曾造成多次灾害。在过去几十年里，政府采取了各种措施防止灾

害发生。

TheYellowRiveristhethirdlongestinAsiaandthesixthlongestintheworld.

Theword“yellow”ating

inQinghaiprovince,theYellowRiverflowsthroughnineprovincesand

eofveralriversforChinatolive

basinwasthebirthplaceofancientChinecivilizationandthemostprosperous

r,becauoffrequentdevastatingfloods,

astfewdecades,thegovernmenthas

takenvariousmeasurestopreventdisasters.

2627【

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2017年6月英语四级考试真题及答案整理

作文一

】

题目

Directions：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritean

advertimentmayincludeitsbrand,specifications/features,conditionandprice,

uldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan

180words.

参考范文

ComputerforSale

AsIamabouttograduateandleavethecampus,Iamgoingtollmypersonal

laptopatalowprice.

ItisaLenovoThinkPadthatIboughtinJune,tbig,butvery

four-coreCPU,anindependentdisplaycardof2G,aharddisk

of500Gandascreenofinches.

Forthelasttwoyears,thelaptophasrvedasmyfaithfulaidandhelpedme

asappearednofaultinthe

yworkplacehasalreadyofferedmeamore

advancedworkinglaptop,

knowthattheremustbesomeofmyschoolmateswhoaremoreinneedofthe

ore,Ideterminedtollit.

llllitat1500yuan

interestedcancontactmeviaemail,andmymailboxis.

、

作文二：

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritean

advertimentmayincludeitsbrand,specifications/features,conditionandprice,

uldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan

180words.

参考范文

Aswetravelbybike,wewillebeautifulsceneriestypicaloftheregion,

meetandmakefriendswithdifferentpeopleandgettoknowthecustomofthe

localworkedhardthroughouttheweekdays,peoplewillfindaweekendtriptothe

nearbymountainsorbeachesarealrelaxation,ridingonthebikeisbestmy

opinion,thebiggestadvantageoftravelingiswecanlearnmuchduringourtravel

bybikeaboutthegeography,biology,andhistoryoftheplaceswevisit.

Therefore,you’dbetterizethechancetobuythisbikesoastogain

somethingmeaningful.

作文三

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritean

advertimentmayincludeitsbrand,specifications/features,conditionandprice,

uldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan

180words.

参考范文：

Buyingthebooks,

thing,youcansaveagreatamountofmoneyandthiswillallowyoutospendthe

savedmoneyonothermoresignificantthingsinthatthebooksIsoldherewith

ther,thecontentofthebook

includetranslation,writing,readingaswellaslisteningwhichwillbeadaptto

tnotthe

least,throughthepurchaoftheEnglishcourbookswithnineintonew

withoutanynotesonthem,youwillimproveyourstudyskilltoagreatextent.

！

听力真题与原文答案（缺16-25题干）

1.

inthecarwasabnt-minded

tdrivermadeawrongjudgement

f-drivingsystemwasfaulty

wasmovingatafastspeed

2.

A.；

vedonebetterthanconventional

vecaudveralverecrashes

vepodathreattootherdrivers

vegenerallydonequitewell

3.

satanationalpark

ueenbeespecialist

vedtheBeyoncefromtheboot

D.~

ethebeesawayfromhiscar

4.

relookingafterthequeen

remakingalotofnoi

relookingforanewboxtolivein

redancinginauniqueway

5.

coveryofanewspeciesofsnake

B.—

ondtriptoasmallremoteisland.

dingof2newspeciesoffrog

esttestonarareanimalapecies

6.

noussnakeattackedhimonthisfieldtrip.

overedararefogonadertedisland

crawledontohisheadinhissleep.

fromatallpalmtreebyaccident

|

7.

sgenes

slength

sorigin

scolour

8.

A./

uritychecktakestime.

ocheckalotofluggage

ghtisleavinginlessthan2hours

portisalongwayfromthehotel

9.

itcard

raveler’scheck

D./

ssmartphone

10.

mareceipt

mhisflight

terhisluggage

orterforhim

11.

gupformembershipofSHotel

B./

ginthesamehotelnexttimehecomes

gherluggageontotheairportshuttle

gacommentonthehotel’swebpage

12.

eonlyboyinhisfamily

mestearfulinwind

toppedmakingterriblefaces

steacher’sfavoritestudent

…

13.

mtoplayinherbackyard

unnytoamuhim

msomecherrystonestoplaywith

mofdangerbymakingupastory

14

uldbreakpp’slegs

B.,

uldsometimesterrifyadults

uldflyagainstastrongwind

uldknockppunconscious

15.

ldgetaspotontheirtonguesiftheytoldaliedeliberately

ldhavetoshavetheirheadtoremoveabatintheirhair.

ldgotoprisoniftheyputastamponuosidedown

ldhavecurlyhairiftheyatetoomuchstalebread

~

16

一.新闻听力

【NewsReport1】

OneofGoogle'slf-drivingcarscrashedintoabusinCalifornialastmonth.

Therewerenoinjuries.

ItisnotthefirsttimeoneofGoogle'sfamedlf-drivingcarshasbeen

involvedinacrash,butitmaybethefirsttimeithascaudone.

OnFebruary14ththelf-drivingcar,travellingat2mph(3km/h),pulledout

infrontofapublicbusgoing15mph(24km/h).

ThemanintheGooglevehiclereportedthatheassumedthebuswouldslowdown

toletthecarout,andsohedidnotswitchtothemanualmode.

】

Inastatement,Googlesaid:"Weclearlybearsomeresponsibility,becauif

ourcarhadn'tmoved,therewouldn'thavebeenacrash."

Thatsaid,ourtestdriverbelievedthebuswasgoingtosloworstoptoallow

ustomergeintothetraffic,andthattherewouldbesufficientspacetodo

that."

Thecompany'slf-drivingcarshavedonewelloveramillionmilesacross

variousstatesintheUS,anduntilnowhaveonlyreportedminoraccidents.

Q1:AccordingtoGoogle,whatwasthecauoftheaccident

BThetestdrivermadeawrongjudgement

解析：根据新闻第一句话，这篇新闻主要报道的是谷歌无人自动驾驶汽车与一辆公交车发生

碰撞这一事故。根据原文“ThemanintheGooglevehiclereportedthatheassumed

thebuswouldslowdowntoletthecarout,andsohedidnotswitchtothemanual

mode.”选项B是正确选项，是对原文的同义替换，题目较难。

Q2:HowhaveGoogle’slf-drivingcarsperformedsofar

DTheyhavegenerallydonequitewell.

；

解析：根据原文“Thecompany'slf-drivingcarshavedonewell

overamillionmilesacrossvariousstatesintheUS,anduntilnow

haveonlyreportedminoraccidents.”选项D是对原文的同义替换。题目相

对较难。

【NewsReport2】

Thousandsofbeesleftatownafterlandingonthebackofacarwhentheir

eswhoworksatanearbynationalpark,

noticeda“brownpatch”onthebackofthecaraftertheownerparkedittodo

lookedclorherealizeditwasahugegroupofbees.

Mossaid:“ery

reveryclotogetherandtherewasalotofnoiandmovements,

rewerealotofpeople

aroundandIwasabitworriedaboutthebeesandthepeoplestoppingtolook.I

thoughtthatsomeonemightdosomethingstupid.

Moscalledtwolocalbeesspecialistswhohelpedremovedthebeesby

attractingthemintoabox.

Mosspentthreehourslookingafterthebeesandwasstungfivetimes,he

saidmystingsareabitpainfulbutIampleadthatallworkedoutandIcould

help,peopleneedtorealizethatbeesarevaluableandtheyshouldbelooked

after.

welearnaboutTomMos

AHeworksatanationalpark.

@

weknowaboutthebeesonthebackofthecar

BTheyweremakingalotofnoi.

【Newsreport3】

AnewspeciesofsnakehasbeendiscoveredonaremoteislandintheBahamas.

Scientistsidentified20oftheonemeter-longsnakesduringtwotripstothe

ondtripwasmadeinOctoberlastyear.

Oneofthecreaturesmadeadramaticappearancebymovingontotheheadof

theteamleaderasheslept.

Thesnakehasbeennamedsilverboabecauitismetalliccoloredandthe

firstspecimenfoundwasclimbingasilverpalmtree.

Reynolds,fromHarvardUniversity,the

scientistconfirmedthesnakewasapreviouslyunknownspeciesafterconductinga

geneticanalysisoftissuesamples.

]

Commentingonthefind,snakeexpertRobertHendersonfromtheMuumof

NaturalHistory,said:“Worldwidenewspeciesoffrogsarebeingdiscoveredand

ciesofsnakes,however,aremuchrarer.

thenewsreportmainlyabout

AThediscoveryofanewspeciesofsnake.

welearnaboutthescientificteamleader

CAsnakecrawledontohisheadinhissleep.

thenewlydiscoveredcreaturegetitsname

DFromitscolour.

二.对话听力

`

【Conversation1】

W:Didyouenjoyyourstaywithus,

M:Yes,'mgoingtotheairport.

,couldyoutellme,what'sthequickest

waytogetthere

W:Well,haveafreeairportshuttle

rvice.

M:Thatsoundsgreat,butwilltheshuttlegetmetotheairportintime

W:Yes,akessome25

minutestogettotheairport.

M:Fantastic!I'uplealetmeknowwhen

it'sleaving

W:Ofcour,sir.

，

M:histhat

W:Let'sto$.Howwouldyouliketopayforit

M:I''llneedareceipt,soIcan

chargeittomycompany.

W:Absolutely!Hereyouare,ike,Icanleaveyourbagswiththe

anloadthemontotheshuttleforyouwhenitarrives.

M:ou.

W:Wouldyouliketoleaveacommentonourwebpagewhenyouhavetime

M:eallygoodstayhere,andI'dliketorecommendyourhotel

tomyfriendsandcolleagues.

W:That’ouagainforstayingatSheratonHotel.

~

sthemanaskaboutthequickestwaytotheairport

AThecuritychecktakestime.

hemangoingtopayhisbill

BBycreditcard.

dthemanaskthewomantodo

AGivehimareceipt.

vordoesthewomanaskoftheman

DPostingacommentonthehotel’swebpage.

！

【Conversation2】

M:Youknow,Ben’

otherday,chersaidifhewent

onlikethat,hisfacewouldgetstuckwhenthewindschanged.

W:Andhebelievedher

M:Yeah,he’’tyourememberallthothingsweud

tobelievewhenwewerelittleIremembermyauntMaryudtosayifyouswallow

acherrystone,’mstillterrified

today,w,ifIswallowonebymistake…

W:Yeah,Isuppoyou'thatudtogetmewasthatswans

couldbreakyourlegwhentheyblowofthewing.

M:Theycan,can’ttheyIalwaysthoughttheycould.

W:No,re’sanotheroneevenmore

,ifyouputapoststamponupsidedown,youwillgoto

prison.

M:No,randmotherwasaterrorforthatkindof

mple,shewouldsay,youwillgetaspotonyourtongueifyoutell

atstalebread,e’

onacampaigntriponceinItaly,andmywifespentthewholetimeworryingabout

dhergrandmotherreckonedyouhadtoshave

wasreallyterrified.

(

W:Silly,isn’titButthat’showsomeparentstrytokeeptheirkidsfrom

doingthewrongthingorgettingintotrouble.

Q12:WhatdoesthemansayaboutBen

CHehasstoppedmakingterriblefaces.

Q13:WhatdidauntMarryudtodowhenthemanwasachild

DWarnhimofdangerbymakingupastory.

Q14:Whatdoesthewomanbelieveswanscoulddo

Theycouldbreakpp’slegs.

Q15:Whatdidthegrandmotheroftheman’swifesay

…

BOnewouldhavetoshavetheirheadtoremoveabatintheirhair.

三.短文听力

【Passage1】

IfIcouldgobackinhistoryandlivewhenIliked,Iwouldn'tgobackvery

,I'dliketoreliveaperiodI'vealreadylived–the1960s.

Iwasinmytwenties,wouldcomein

outofaformalandalmostVictorianattitude,andyoureallyfeltanythingwas

gpeoplewasthething,andyouwenttocoffeebarswhereyoumet

ema,thetheater,allthatwavery

,weemedtobeout,allthetime!I

don'treallyrememberworking–ofcour,Iwasastudent–orsittingaround

stwasn'twherethescenewas,eveneating!Itwasthe

firsttime,beginningtobe

adventurousaboutfood,butweweremoreinterestedinmeetingpeoplethanin

ss,yes,,girlswent

aroundinreallyshortskirts,werein

jeans,ike

livinginanageyoucouldneverhaveimagined,

didn'thavemuchmoney,butitdidn'rewasplentyofopportunity

todowhateveryoufeltlikedoing.

Question16–18arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard:

sthespeakersayhewouldliketorelivethe1960s

CEverythingemedtobechanging.

*

esthespeakersaywasthemostpopularthingtodoatthattime

AMeetingpeople.

welearnaboutthespeaker

DHewasayoungstudentinthe1960s.

【Passage2】

Dogs,man'sbestfriends,haveaclearstrategyfordealingwithangry

owners—theylookaway.

haviormay

haveevolvedasdogsgraduallylearnedtheycouldbenefitfromavoidingconflicts

withhumans.

Toconductthetests,theUniversityofHelsinkirearcherstrained31dogs

photosofdogsandhumanswere

owedthreatening,pleasantand

camerastrackedthedogs'eyemovements.

。

Dogsinthestudylookedmostattheeyesofhumansandotherdogston

gslookedatexpressionsofangrydogs,theireyesrested

moreonthemouth,n

lookingatangryhumans,theytendedtoturnawaytheirgaze.

Dogsmayhavelearnedtodetectthreatsignsfromhumansandrespondbytrying

tomakepeace,ngconflictsmayhave

helpeddogsdevelopbetterbondswithhumans.

Therearchersalsonotethatdogsscanfacesasawholetonhowpeople

arefeeling,ggestthisindicates

thatdogsaren'tnsingemotionsfromasinglefeature,butpiecingtogether

informationfromallfacialfeaturesjustashumansdo.

dogsdowhentheyarefacedwithangryhumans

BTheyavoidlookingatthem.

esadogdowhenitestheexpressionsofangrydogs

CItfocusityesontheirmouths.

sadognpeople'sfeelings

—

BBytakingintheirfacialexpressionsasawhole.

【Passage3】

slotsofsnowaround,andthe

groundfreezes,incoldplaces

animalsdoTherearethree

mainwaysthatanimalssurvivethecoldinwinter:sleep,adaptormigrate.

Someanimals,suchasbears,frogsandsnakes,eep

leeping,theirbodytemperature

drops,areforthisbeforewinter,the

animalatextrafoodtobecomefat,whichgivesthemtheenergytheyneedwhile

theysleep.

mple,ten

animals,suchasmice,collectextrafood

beforewinter,ntercomes,theyreturntotheirhidingplaces

imalsgrowthickerfur,orliveintreeholesor

undergroundtostaywarm.

Somebirdsmigratebyflyingtoawarmerplaceforthewinter,wheretheycan

yverylongdistances,includingonekindofbirdthat

fliesfromtheremotenorthoftheworld,

birdsflyingroupsforsafety,whileothersflyalone.

Questions22-25arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

esthespeakersayaboutanimalsinwinter

（

DTheyresorttodifferentmeanstosurvivethebittercold.

welearnaboutanimalsthatsleepthroughwinter

CTheyconsumetheenergystoredbeforethelongsleep.

nimalslikemiceadapttotheverewinter

ABystoringenoughfoodbeforehand

omebirdsflyingroupswhenmigrating,accordingtothespeaker

CTostaysafe

选词填空

.

,forexample,which

givemanyamodernbeeritsbitterflavor,area_____(26)recentadditiontothe

,

rearchershavefounda_____(27)ingredientinresidue(残留物)from5000-year-old

xcavatingtwopitsatasiteinthecentralplains

ofChina,scientistsdiscoveredfragmentsfrompots,funnels,amphorae,andstoves

(stovefragmentpictured).Thedifferentshapesofthecontainers_____(28)they

wereudtobrew,filter,andstoremaybeancient“beer-makingtoolkits,”and

theearliest_____(29)evidenceofbeerbrewinginChina,therearchersreport

_____(30)thathypothesis,theteamexaminedtheyellowish,dried_____(31)inside

orityofthegrains,about80%,werefromcerealcropslike

milletandbarley(大麦),andabout10%werebitsofroots,_____(32)likely,would

havemadethebeersweeter,wasanunexpectedfind:The

cropwasdomesticatedinwesternEurasiaanddidn’tbecomea_____(33)foodin

centralChinauntilabout2000yearsago,n

thattiming,theysuggestbarleymayhave_____(34)intheregionnotasfood,but

as_____(35)materialforbeerbrewingbeer.

d

ing

ively

ing

H.!

d

vely

s

ces

sing

t

/

参考答案：

26I，由空格前的a和空格后的recent，可以判定空格处缺副词，所以在D和I

里面选择，根据语义，应该选I，relatively。

27N，由空格后的ingredient，可以判定空格前缺形容词，根据语义，选N，

surprising。

28M，由空着前的container和空格后的they，可以判定空格处缺谓语动

词，根据语义，选M，suggest。

29C，由空格前的earliest和空格后的evidence，可以判定空格处缺形容

词，根据语义，选C，direct。

30O，由空格前的to和空格后的that，可以判定空格处缺动词原形，根据空

格后的的hypnosis，选O，test，意为“为了验证这个假设”

31J，由空格前的dried可以判定空格处缺名词，根据语义，选J，

remains(剩余物/沉淀物)

32E，由空格前的about10%werebitsofroots,以及空格后的lily，可以

判定选E，including

33L，由空格前的a和空格后的food，可以判定空格处缺形容词，根据语义，

选L，staple

34A，由空格前的mayhave和空格后的intheregion可以判定空格处缺

Ved，根据语义，选A，arrived

35G，由空格前的butas和空格后的material可以判定选项词为形容词，根

据意义，选G，raw。

翻译

啤酒配方随着时间而改变。例如给许多现代啤酒带来苦味和柑橘味的啤酒

花，是相对较晚被添加到啤酒中的成分，在九世纪与酿酒相关的史料中首次被提

及。现在，研究人员在5000年前的酿酒制品残留物中发现了惊人的成分。在中国

中原地区两个考古坑进行挖掘的期间，科学家们发现了来自陶罐、漏斗、双耳陶

罐和火炉的陶制碎片(火炉碎片如图)。研究人员今天在《国家科学院院刊》网络

版中报告称，容器的不同形状表示它们曾被用来酿造、过滤和储存啤酒，它们可

能是古代的“啤酒制作工具包”，也是最早的有关中国啤酒酿造的直接证据。为

了检验这一假设，研究小组检测了容器内暗黄干燥的残留物。其中发现的淀粉颗

粒中约有三分之一或凹或胀，或折叠或扭曲，这些变形会在酿造啤酒所需的麦芽

处理和麦芽浆制作的过程中发生。科学家们表示，这些谷粒中的大多数，约80%，

来自小米和大麦这样的谷类作物，同时10%左右来自块茎植物，包括山药和百合，

它们给这些啤酒增添了甜味。研究人员表示，大麦是一个意外的发现：这种农作

物在欧亚大陆西部种植，直到大约2000年前才成为中国中部地区的主食。根据这

一时间点，研究人员表示大麦当时可能是作为酿造啤酒的原料，而不是一种食物

被引入中国中原地区的。

段落匹配

somepoint,almostallofuswillexperienceaperiodofradicalprofessionalchange

someofuswillekitout:forotheritwillfeellikeanunwelcomeintrusioninto

otherwistablecareerEitherway,wehavechoicesabouthowwerespondtoitwhen

itcomes.

recentlycaughtupwithyogaentrepreneurLcahZeccaria,whoputherlfthrough

t

leftherhigh-payingaccountingjob,herhusband,andherthebuiltaradicallynew

liftandthenshehasfoundedtwoyoganewlifepartner,andformedanewcommunity

ofifyourpersonalreinventionislessdrastic,wethinktherearelessonsfrom

herexpericencethatapply

dotheedsofchangecomefromTheNativeAmericanIndianshaveasaying:”Pay

attentiontothewhisperssoyouwon’thavetohearthescreams”Oftenthebest

ideasforbigchangescomefromunexpectedplaces-----it’sjustmatterofturning

leadersrecognizetheweaksignalsorslightsignsthatpointtobigchangesto

reflectonatimeshelistenedtothewhispers:”Aboutthetimedaughterwasfive

yearsstartedhavinganthat‘thisisn’tright’”Shethenrealizedthat

lifenolongermatchedhervisionforit

untilthatpoint,Lechhadfollowedtraditionalmeasuresofgraduatingwitha

degreeinbusinessandjoinedapublicaccountingfirm,married,boughtlooked

successful,”shesays,Leaheasilycouldhavefallenintoatrapoffeeling

content,instead,herenergysparkedaperiodofexperimentationandrenewal.

theneedtostartplayingwithfuturepossibilitiesbyexploringherinterestand

developingnewtryingphysicalexerciandlostsomeweightanddiscoveredan

innerstrength.”IfeltpowerfulbecauIbrokethroughmyownlimitations.”she

recalls

,itwasanotherinterestthatledLeahtoradicallyreinventherlf,”Iremember

sittingonabenchwithmyauntatayogastudio,”shesaid,”andhavingamoment

savingmyiswakingme‘mnothappyand

IwanttochangeandI’mdonewiththis,”InthatmomentofclarityLeahmadean

importantleap,conqueringherinnerresistancetochangeandmakingafirm

commitmenttotakebiggersteps

thefutureyouwantisalotcasierifyouarereadytoexploittheopportunities

thatcomeyourLeahmadethecommitmenttochange,sheprimedherlftonew

apporiunitiesshemayotherwihaverecalls

dayamanIworkedwith,Ryan,whohadhisofficenexttomine,said,”’sgolookat

thisspaceonQueenAnne.”Heknewmyloveforyogaandhadenaspacechoto

wherehelivedthathethoughtmightbegoodtorveasayogaandhadenaspace

clotowherehelivedthathethoughtmightbegoodtorveasayogasoonas

Isawthelocation,Iwasscared,yetIhadthisstrong

nof“Ihavetodothis.”OnlyafewmonthslaterLeahopenedherfirstyoga

studio,butsuccesswasnotinstant.

’swhyleaderscontinuetomanagetheprentwhile

buildingtowardthebignonlincarchangesoftheit’stimetomaketheLeahstayed

withheraccountingjodwhilestartinguptheyogastudiotomakeitallwork.”I

wasworking60hoursaweekandrunningaIwasn’

itwasgoodforme,”sheafter,sheknewshehadtomakeaboldmovetofullycommit

tohernewtwoyears,Leahshedthesafetyofheraccountingjobandmadetheswitch

drasticchangeisnotcasy.

J.“Beyourlf”Leahsays.”Quitbeingthepersonpeoplethinkyou’resuppoto

awaytodigdeepintoyourintoyourcouragcouslftobewhoyouthatmeansas

faraxploringyouremotions,youridentity,youroneversionofyouthatyouare

alwaysandeverywhere.”ItwasthisnofpurpothatwouldcarryLeahthrough

thestormsofchange

throughchangeandfacingobstaclesbringsusfacetofacewithourfearsLeah

reflectsononeincidentthattriggeredherfears,whenherinvestorsthreatenedto

shutherdown:”IwasprobablyupagainstthemostfearsI’veeverhad”shesay.”I

hadspenttwoyearscultivatingthiscommunity,andithadbecomesuccessfulvery

withinsixmonthsIwasfacingtheprospectoflosingitall”

connectedwithhernofpurpoanddugdeep,cultivatingatremendousnof

strength.”IwasfeelingsointentionalandstrongthatIwasn’tgoingtoletfear

inking,OK,guys,ifyouwanttowanttotrytoshutme

down,shutmeIknewitwasanegotiationscheme,soIwasabletosayto

mylf.””Thisisnotreal”Bynamingherfears

esstotakeadvantageofnewapportunitieswillmakeiteasiertocreate

one’sdesiredfuture.

entionalstandards,Leahwasatypicalsuccessfulwomanbeforeshechanged

hercareer

inedconfidencebylayingoutherfearsandcontrontingthendirectly

chofameaningfullife,Leahgaveupwhatshehadandtupherownyoga

studios.

’sinterestinyogapromptedhertomakeafirmdecisiontoshapeher

life.

ignsmayindicategreatchangestocomeandthereforementattention

’sfirstyogastudiowasbynoweansanimmediatesuccess

opleregardprofessionalchangeasanunpleasantexperiencethatdisturbs

theircareer

stfearthatLeaheverhadwastheprospectoflosingheryogabusiness

xplorenewinterestsanddevelopednewpotential,Leahfeltpowerful

internally

参考答案

36.G

37.D

38.L

39.B

40.F

41.C

42.H

43.A

44.K

45.E

仔细阅读：

PassageOne

Questions47to51arebadonthefollowingpassage.

ShoppersintheUKarespendinglessmoneyontoiletpapertosavemoney,

rearchhasshown.

PennypinchingUKconsumerschoocheaperproductsfromdiscounterssuchas

AldiandLidiratherthanluxuryalternatives.

Thishaswiped6%

hasshrunkfrom£billionin2011to£1.12billionin2015,accordingtoanew

rmore,thefutureofthemarket

looksfarfromrosy,withsalexpectedtofallfutureofthemarketlooksfar

fromrosy,withsalexpectedtofallfurtherto£in2016.

Inthelastyearalone,despiteanincreaintheUKpopulationanda

subquentriinthenumberofhouholds,salesoftoiletpaperfellby2%,

withtheaveragehouholdreducingtheirtoiletrollspendingfrom£43in2014to

£41in2015.

Overall,almostthreeinfivepeoplesaytheytrytolimittheirusageof

paper-includingfacialtissueandkitchenroll–tosavemoney."Strength,

softnessandthicknessremaintheleadingindicatorsODMtoiletpaperquality,

withjustasmallproportionofconsumerspreferringmoreluxuriousalternatives,

suchasthowithflowerpatternsorperfume,"saidMintelanalystJackDuckett.

"Theextrafeaturesaredeemedunnecessarybythemajorityofshoppers,which

probablyreflectshowthetypesofproductsaretypicallymoreexpensivethan

regulartoiletpaper,evenwhenonspecialoffer."

Whileconsunmersarespendinglessontoiletpaper,theyremainfussy-in

ritons'toiletpaperwish

listissoftness(57%)followedbystrength(45%)andthickness(36%).

Onein10buyersranktoiletrollsmadefromrecycledpaperamongtheirtop

considerations,highlightinghowoveralltheenvironmentismuchlessofa

llengeformanufactures,

81%ofpaperproducturssaidtheywouldconsiderbuyingrecycledtoilettissue

ifitwerecomparableinqualitytostandardpaper.

46.【题干】Themarketsalesoftoiletpaperhavedecreadbecau_____.

【选项】

havecuttheirspendingonit

priceshavegoneupovertheyear

qualityhasenmarkedimprovement

havedevelopedthehabitofsaving

【答案解析】根据题干关键词marketsales和toiletpaper可以定位到首段Shoppers

intheUKarespendinglessmoneyontoiletpapertosavemoney“英国的购物者减少

卫生纸开支以省钱”和第三段首句Thishaswiped6%offthevalueofthesofttissue

papermarket“这使得软棉纸市场的价值下降了6%”。haswipedoff正好对应题干have

incread。This指代的是第二段的内容Penny-pinchingUKconsumerschoocheaper

productsfromdiscounters“吝啬的英国消费者从折扣商店选择更为便宜的商品”。综上所

述，选A“卫生纸市场销售额下降是因为英国人缩减这方面的开支”。

【答案】A

47.【题干】Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthefutureofthetissuepapermarket

intheUK

【选项】

willexpandintime.

willremaingloomy.

willexperienceupsanddowns.

willrecoveraspopulationgrows.

【答案】B

【答案解析】根据题干关键词tissuepaper可以定位到第三段首句Thishaswiped6%

offthevalueofthesofttissuepapermarketintheUK.根据第三句thefutureof

themarketlooksfarfromrosy“市场的未来看起来远远不够乐观”。因此，本题选B“作

者认为绵纸市场的未来仍然是惨淡的”。

48.【题干】WhatdoesJackDuckettsayabouttoiletpaper

【选项】

offerswouldpromoteitssales.

areloyaltocertainbrands.

featuresaddmuchtotheprice.

haveavarietytochoofrom.

【答案】C

【答案解析】根据题干关键词JackDuckett可以定位到第五段的引用部分。A“特价可以促

进销售额”，原文引用处最后部分提到了specialoffer。which指代的是theextra

features，也就是thowithflowerpatternsorperfume。“这些额外的特点反映了这些

商品通常比普通的卫生纸要贵，即使是在特价销售的时候。”所以A是利用原文细节信息设置

的干扰选项，可以排除。B“消费者忠于某些品牌”和D“消费者有多样化的选择”，引用处

均未提及，直接排除。C“奢侈品的特点大幅度提升了价位”，正好对应原文引用处which引

导的非限定性定语从句的内容。

49.【题干】WhatdowelearnaboutBritonsconcerningtoiletpaper

【选项】

areparticularaboutthequalityoftoiletpaper.

emphasizethestrengthoftoiletpaperthemost.

prefercheaptoiletpapertorecycledtoiletpaper.

rejectusingtoiletpaperwithunnecessaryfeatures.

【答案】A

【答案解析】根据题干关键词Britons和toiletpaper可以定位到第六段。根据原文

theyremainfussy...whenitcomestopaperquality可知，A选项正好是同义替换。如

果不认识fussy“爱挑剔的”和beparticularabout“对...挑剔”，可以用排除法。依据自

然段界定原则，48题定位到第五段，50题定位到最后一段，所以本题定位到第六段。CD均不

在定位范围，可以直接排除。B“他们最强调的是卫生纸的强度”，由原文可知，最关注的应

该是softness，所以B选项排除。采取这种方法也可以选出A。

50.【题干】Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph

【选项】

andmoreBritonsbuyrecycledtoiletpapertoprotecttheenvironment.

papermanufacturersarefacingagreatchallengeinpromotingitssales.

papermanufacturerscompetewithoneanothertoimprove.

protectionisnotmuchofaconcernwhenBritonsbuytoiletpaper.

【答案】D

【答案解析】根据题干thelastparagraph可知答案要在最后一段寻找。由原文“1/10

的购买者把利用可循环纸制造的卫生卷纸列为首选，这突出表明，相比环境，购买者更加关注

商品质量的现象是多么普遍。”因此，我们可以选出D“英国人购买卫生纸的时候，环境保护

不是人们十分关心的。”

PassageTwo

Questions52to56arebadonthefollowingpassage.

"OneofthereasonIfindthistopicveryinterestingisbecaumymomwasa

smokerwhenIwasyounger,"sayLindson-Hawly,whostudiestobaccoandhealthat

theUniversityofOxford.

Bystudyingabout700adultsmoker,shefoundoutthathermomquittheright

way-bystoppingabruptlyandcompletely.

Inherstudy,participantswererandomly(随机地)

hadtoquitabruptlyonagivenday,

inbothgroupsud

nicotine(尼古丁)patchesbeforetheyquit,inadditiontoacondformofnicotine

replacement,sohadtalktherapywithanurbeforeand

afterquitday.

Sixmonthsout,morepeoplewhohadquitabruptlyhadstuckwithit-morethan

one-fifthofthem,gh

thenumbersappearlow,itismuchhigherthanifpeopletrywithoutsupport.

Andthequitrateswereparticularlyconvincinggiventhatbeforethestudy

started,mostofthepeoplehadsaidthey'drathercutdowngraduallybefore

quitting."Ifyou'retrainingforamarathon,youwouldn'texpecttoturnupand

think,'Well,ifIgraduallyreduce,it'slikepractice.'"saysLindsons-Hawley.

Butthatwasn'dofgivingpeoplepractice,thegradualreduction

likelygavethemcravings(瘾)andwithdrawalsymptomsbeforetheyevenreachedquit

day,whichcouldbewhyfewerpeopleinthatgroupactuallymadeittothatpoint.

"Regardlessofyourstatedpreference,ifyou'rereadytoquit,quittingabruptly

ismoreeffective,”iaFerreira,"Whenyoucanquoteaspecific

numberlikeafifithofthepatientswereabletoquit,that'

givesthemtheencouragement,Ithink,toreallygoforit,”Ferreirasays.

east,shesays,

theycanmaximizetheoddsofsuccess.

51.【题干】WhatdoesLindson-Hawleysayabouthermother

【选项】

quitsmokingwithherdaughter'shelp.

succeededinquittingsmokingabruptly.

wasalsoarearcheroftobaccoandhealth.

studiedthesmokingpattemsofadultsmokers.

【答案】B

【参考解析】根据题干中专有名词Lindson-Hawley回文快速定位到文章中的第一段，根

据第一段的信息可得出Lindson-Hawley的母亲曾经是一位吸烟者，第二段中她发现她的母亲

有效地戒烟了，而且戒地很突然、很彻底。根据第二段中的信息点，可以得出本题的正确选项

应为BShesucceededinquittingsmokingabruptly.(她突然成功戒掉了烟瘾。)A、C、D

选项在文中都没有提及，属于无中生有选项。

52.【题干】Whatkindofsupportdidsmokersreceivetoquitsmokingin

Lindson-Hawley'sstudy

【选项】

weregivenphysicaltraining.

werelookedafterbyphysicians.

wereencouragedbypshchologists.

wereofferednicotinereplacements.

【答案】D

【参考解析】本题问的是“在Lindson-Hawley的研究中，吸烟者在戒烟的过程中得到了

哪些帮助”，本题解题根据题文一致原则，可顺序定位至第三段第四、五句话，提到两组志愿

者在戒烟前除了使用nicotinereplacement(尼古丁替代疗法)之外，还使用nicotine

patches尼古丁贴片(一种戒烟贴)。他们还在戒烟前后接受护士的talktherapy(谈话治疗)。

结合定位信息及四个选项的意思，可以确定选项DTheywereofferednicotine

replacements.为本题的正确答案。

53.【题干】HowdoesFerreiraviewtheresultofLindson-Hawley'xperiment

【选项】

isidealized.

isunexpected.

incouraging.

ismisleading.

【答案】C

【参考解析】根据题干中专有名词laFerreira回文定位该题至文中第五段后半部

分laFerreira的引语部分，其中她提到“Itgivesthemtheencouragement,I

think,toreallygoforit.”根据这句话结合四个选项的意思，可以确定选项CItis

encouraging.为原文的同义替换。

54.【题干】Theideaof"amarathon"(Line2,illustratesthepopularbelief

thatquittingsmoking_____.

【选项】

somethingfewcanaccomplish

somepracticefirst

alotofpatience

achallengeatthebeginning

【答案】B

【参考解析】根据题干定位至第五段第2行，根据上下文，可确定本题在文中的定位信息处为

“ink,‘well,ifI

graduallyreduce,it’slikepractice’.”由此可以得知这些人的观点是逐步戒烟首先需

要一些练习，该题四个选项中Bneedssomepracticefirst.为文中信息的同义替换。A、

C、D选项在文中都没有提及，属于无中生有选项。

55.【题干】Whathappenswhenpeopletrytoquitsmokinggradually

【选项】

finditevenmoredifficult.

aresimplyunabletomakeit.

showfewerwithdrawalsymptoms

feelmuchlesspainintheprocess.

【答案】A

【参考解析】根据题干信息“quitsmokinggradually”，定位至文中第五段“Butthat

wasn’dofgivingpeoplepractice,thegradualreductionlikely

gavethemcravingsandwithdrawalsymptomsbeforetheyevenreachedquitday.”根

据原文的定位信息可得知逐步戒烟有可能会更能使人上瘾甚至出现戒断症状。结合四个选项可

以确定ATheyfinditevenmoredifficult.为正确选项。

翻译一：

四级翻译题目一：

黄河是亚洲第三、世界第六长的河流。“黄”这个字描述的是其河水浑浊的颜色。黄河发

源于青海，流经九个省份，最后注入渤海。黄河是中国赖以生存的几条河流之一。黄河流域

(riverbasin)是中国古代文明的诞生地，也是中国早期历史上最繁荣的地区。然而，由于极

具破坏力的洪水频发，黄河曾造成多次灾害。在过去几十年里，政府采取了各种措施防止灾害

发生。

TheYellowRiverranksthethirdlongestinAsiaandthesixthlongestinthe

d“yellow”low

River，oneofveralriversforChinatoliveon，originatesfromQinghai，flows

throughnineprovinces,erbasinis

notonlythebirthplaceofancientChinecivilization，butalsothemost

r,duetothefrequent

devastatingfloods,astfewdecades,the

governmenthastakenvariousmeasurestopreventdisasters.

翻译二

珠江是华南一大河系，流经广州市，是中国第三长的河流，仅次于长江和黄河。珠江三角

洲(delta)是中国最发达的地区之一，面积约11,000平方公里。它在面积和人口方面也是世界

上最大的城市聚集区。珠江三角洲九个最大城市共有5,700多万人口。上世纪70年代末中国

改革开放以来，珠江三角洲已成为中国和世界主要经济区域和制造中心之一。

ThePearlRiver,anextensiveriversysteminsouthernChina,flowsthrough

ina’sthird-longestriver,onlyaftertheYangtzeRiverand

rlRiverDelta(PRD)isoneofthemostdevelopedregions

inChinawithanareaofabout11,elargesturban

areaintheworldinbothsizeandninelargestcitiesofPRDhaveacombined

populationofover57thereformandopeningup(economicliberalization)was

adoptedbytheChinegovernmentinthelate1970s,theDeltahasbecomeoneof

theleadingeconomicregionsandamajormanufacturingcenterofChinaandthe

world.

翻译三：

长江是亚洲最长、世界上第三长的河流。长江流经多种不同的生态系统，是诸多濒危物种的

栖息地，灌溉了中国五分之一的土地。长江流域(riverbasin)居住着中国三分之一的人口。

长江在中国历史、文化和经济上起着很大的作用。长江三角洲(delta)产出多大20%的中国国

民生产总值。几千年来，长江一直被用于供水、运输和工业生产。长江上还坐落着世界最大的

水电站。

参考译文：

TheYangtzeRiveristhelongestriverinAsiaandthethird-longestinthe

sthroughawidearrayofecosystemsandishabitattoveral

gtzeRiverdrainsone-fifthoftheland

areaofthePeople’sRepublicofChina(PRC).Itsriverbasinishometoone-

thirdofthecountry’gtzeplaysalargeroleinthehistory,

gtzeRiverDeltageneratesasmuchas20%of

thePRC’usandsofyears,theriverhasbeenudforwater,

gesthydro-electricpowerstationin

theworldislocatedintheRiver.