大学六级

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CET6阅读(一.1)

Passage1

Automationreferstotheintroductionofelectroniccontrolandautomatic

cesthehumanfactors,mentaland

physical,inproduction,andisdesignedtomakepossiblethemanufactureof

elopmentofautomationinAmericanindustry

hasbeencalledthe"SecondIndustrialRevolution."

Labour'sconcernoverautomationarisfromuncertaintyabouttheeffects

onemployment,ain,labourhastaken

ally,the

resultofautomationmaywellbeanincreainemployment,sinceitixpected

thatvastindustrieswillgrowuparoundmanufacturing,maintaining,and

erestoflabourliesinbringingabout

thetransitionwithaminimumofinconvenienceanddistresstotheworkers

,unionspokesmenemphasizethatthebenefitoftheincread

productionandlowercostsmadepossiblebyautomationshouldbesharedby

workersintheformofhigherwages,moreleisure,andimprovedlivingstandards.

Toprotecttheinterestsoftheirmembersintheeraofautomation,unions

heisthepromotionof

phasizedthatsincethe

employerinvolvedinsuchaplanhasadirectfinancialinterestinpreventing

unemployment,hewillhaveastrongdriveforplanningnewinstallationssoas

ions

areworkingfordismissalpayagreements,requiringthatpermanentlydismisd

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rapproach

istheidesofthe"improvementfactor",whichcallsforwageincreasbad

ssible,however,thatlabourwillrely

mainlyonreductioninworkinghoursinordertogainafullshareinthefruit

ofautomation.

labourworriesabouttheeffectsofautomation,itneverdoubts

that_______

A)automationwilleventuallypreventunemployment

B)automationwillhelpworkersacquirenewskills

C)automationwilleventuallybenefittheworkersnolessthantheemployers

D)automationisstrendwhichcannotbestopped

aofthe"improvementfactor"(Para.3,Line8)impliesroughly_______

A)wagesshouldbepaidonthebasisoflengthrvice

B)thebenefitoftheincreadproductionandlowercostsshouldbesharedby

workers

C)supplementaryunemploymentbenefitplansshouldbepromoted

D)thetransitiontoautomationshouldbebroughtaboutwiththeminimumof

inconvenienceanddistresstoworkers

rtogetthefullbenefitsofautomation,labourwilldependmostly

on_______

A)additionalpaymenttothepermanentlydismisdworkers

B)theincreaofwagesinproportiontotheincreainproductivity

C)shorterworkinghoursandmoreleisuretime

D)strongdriveforplanningnewinstallations

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fthefollowingcanbestsumupthepassage?

A)Advantagesanddisadvantagesofautomation.

B)Labourandtheeffectsofautomation.

C)Unemploymentbenefitplansandautomation.

D)Socialbenefitsofautomation.

Passage2

Materialculturereferstothetouchable,material"things"-physical

objectsthatcanbeen,held,felt,ing

aculture`stoolsandtechnologycantellusaboutthegroup`shistoryandway

rly,rearchintothematerialcultureofmusiccanhelpusto

tvividbodyof"things"init,ofcour,

othearforourlvestheactualsoundofany

musicalperformancebeforethe1870swhenthephonograph(留声机)wasinvented,

sowerelyoninstrumentsforimportantinformationaboutmusic-culturesinthe

havetwokindsofevidence:

instrumentswellprervedandinstrumentspicturedinart.

Sheetmusicorprintedmusic,too,rsoncedefined

folkmusic-culturesasthoinwhichpeoplelearnandsingmusicbyearrather

thanfromprint,butrearchshowsmutualinfluenceamongoralandwritten

sourcesduringthepastfewcenturiesinEurope,Britain,andAmerica,printed

versionslimitvarietybecautheytendtostandardizeanysong,yetthey

s,theabilitytoread

musicnotation(乐谱)hasafar-reachingeffectonmusiciansand,whenitbecomes

widespread,onthemusic-cultureasawhole.

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Onemoreimportantpartofmusic'smaterialcultureshouldbesingledout:

theinfluenceoftheelectronicmedia-radio,recordplayer,taperecorder,

television,andvideocastte,withthefuturepromisingtalkingandsinging

allpartofthe"information

revolution,"atwentieth-centuryphenomenonasimportantastheindustrial

lectronicmediaarenotjustlimited

tomodernnations;theyhaveaffectedmusic-culturesallovertheglobe.

chontothematerialcultureofanationisofgreatimportance

becau_______.

A)ithelpsproducenewculturaltoolsandtechnology

B)itcanreflectthedevelopmentofthenation

C)ithelpsunderstandthenation`spastandprent

D)itcandemonstratethenation`scivilization

elearnedfromthispassagethat_________.

A)theexistenceofthesymphonywasattributedtothespreadofNearEastern

andChinemusic

B)NearEasternmusichadaninfluenceonthedevelopmentoftheinstruments

inthesymphonyorchestra

C)Thedevelopmentofthesymphonyshowsthemutualinfluenc3eofEasternand

Westernmusic

D)Themusicalinstrumentsinthesymphonyorchestraweredevelopedonthebasis

ofNearEasternmusic

ingtotheauthor,musicnotationisimportantbecau______.

A)ithasagreateffectonthemusic-cultureasmoreandmorepeopleareable

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toreadit

B)ittendstostandardizefolksongswhenitisudbyfolkmusicians

C)itistheprintedversionofstandardizedfolkmusic

D)itencouragespeopletopopularizeprintedversionsofsongs

econcludedfromthepassagethattheintroductionofelectronicmedia

intotheworldofmusic______.

A)hasbroughtaboutaninformationrevolution

B)hasspeededupthearrivalofanewgenerationofcomputers

C)hasgivenritonewformsofmusicculture

D)hasledtothetransformationoftraditionalmusicalinstruments

fthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainideaofthepassage?

A)Musicalinstrumentsdevelopedthroughtheyearswillsoonerorlaterbe

replacedbycomputers.

B)Musiccannotbepasdontofuturegenerationsunlessitisrecorded.

C)Folksongscannotbespreadfarunlesstheyareprintedonmusicsheets.

D)Thedevelopmentofmusiccultureishighlydependentonitsmaterialaspect.

CET6阅读(二.1)

Passage1

Itishardtopredicthowscienceisgoingtoturnout,andifitisreally

hingstobefoundareactually

new,notmakechoiceinthis

herhavescienceoryoudon't,andifyouhaveityouareobliged

toacceptthesurprisinganddisturbingpiecesofinformation,alongwiththe

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neatandpromptlyufulbits.

TheonlysolidpieceofscientifictruthaboutwhichIfeeltotallyconfident

,Iregardthisasthe

,initsway,an

dhaveamazedthebrightestmindsofthe18th

centuryEnlightenment(启蒙运动)tobetoldbyanyofushowlittleweknowand

issuddenconfrontationwiththe

depthandscopeofignorancethatreprentsthemostsignificantcontribution

iertimes,weeither

pretendedtounderstandhowthingsworkedorignoredtheproblem,orsimplymade

twehavebegunexploringinearnest,weare

gettingglimpsofhowhugethequestionsare,andhowfarfrombeinganswered.

Becauofthis,tsobadbeingignorantifyouare

totallyignorant;thehardthingisknowinginsomedetailtherealityof

ignorance,theworstspotsandhereandtherethenot-so-badspots,butnotrue

lightattheendofthetunnelnorevenanytunnelsthatcanyetbetrusted.

Butwearemakingabeginning,

areprobablynoquestionswecanthinkupthatcan'tbeanswered,soonerorlater,

re,theremaywellbe

questionswecan'tthinkup,ever,andthereforelimitstothereachofhuman

intellect,ourlimitsweshouldbeableto

workourwaythroughtoallouranswers,ifwekeepatitlongenough,andpay

attention.

ingtotheauthor,reallygoodscience___

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(A)wouldsurprithebrightestmindsofthe18thcenturyEnlightenment

(B)willhelppeopletomaketherightchoiceinadvance

(C)willproduceresultswhichcannotbeforeen

(D)willbringaboutdisturbingresults

einferredfromthepassagethatscientistsofthe18thcentury_____

(A)knewthattheywereignorantantwantedtoknowmoreaboutnature

(B)wereafraidoffacinguptotherealitiesofscientificrearch

(C)thoughtthatknewagreatdealandcouldsolvemostproblemsofscience

(D)didmoreharmthangoodinpromotingman'sunderstandingofnature

33Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedaboutscientistsinearliertimes?

(A)Theyinventedfaltheoriestoexplainthingstheydidn'tunderstand

(B)Theyfallyclaimedtoknowallaboutnature

(C)Theydidnotbelieveinresultsfromscientificobrvation

(D)Theypaidlittleattentiontotheproblemstheydidn'tunderstand

34Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsscience?

(A)Heisconfidentthoughheisawareoftheenormousdifficultiesinscientific

rearch

(B)Heisdoubtfulbecauofenormousdifficultiesinscientificrearch

(C)Heisdepresdbecauoftheignoranceofscientists

(D)Heisdelightedbecauoftheilluminatingscientificfindings

35Theauthorbelievesthat____

(A)mancannotsolvealltheproblemshecanthinkupbecauofthelimits

ofhumanintellect

(B)mancanfindsolutionssoonerorlatertowhateverquestionsconcerning

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naturehecanthinkup

(C)soonerorlatermancanthinkupallthequestionsconcerningnatureand

answerthem

(D)questionsconcerningconsciousnessareoutsidethescopeofscientific

rearch

Passage2

Greenspacefacilitiesarecontributingtoanimportantextenttothequality

atelyitisnolongernecessarythatevery

lectureoreverybookaboutthissubjecthastostartwiththeproofofthis

entitisgenerallyaccepted,althoughmoreasalf-evident

recognitionoftheimportantofgreenspacesintheurbanenvironmentisafirst

stepontherightway,thisdoesnotmean,however,hatsufficientdetailsare

knownaboutthefunctionsofgreenspaceintownsandaboutthewayinwhichthe

israthercomplexsubjectIshall,

withinthescopeofthislecture,enterintooneaspectonly,namelythe

recreativefunctionofgreenspacefacilities.

Thetheoreticalparationofliving,working,trafficandrecreationwhich

formanyyearshasbeenudintown-and-countryplanning,hasinmyopinion

resultedindisproportionateattentionforformsofrecreationfarfromhome,

whereastherewasrelativelylittleattentionforimprovementofrecreative

possibilitiesinthedirectneighborhoodofthehome..Wehavecometothe

conclusionthatthisisnotright,becauanimportantpartofthetimewhich

wedonotpassinsleepingorworking,isudforactivitiesatandaroundhome.

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Soitisobviousthatrecreationintheopenairhastobeginatthestreet-door

anenvironmenthastoofferasmanyrecreationactivities

aspossible,andthedesignofthehastobesuchthatmoreobligatory

activitiescanalsohavearecreativeaspect.

Theverybeststandardoflivingisnothingifitisnotpossibletotake

apleasantwalkinthedistrict,ifthechildrencannotbeallowedtoplayin

thestreets,becautherisksoftrafficaretoogreat,ifduringshoppingyou

cannowherefindaspotforenjoyingforamomenttheniceweather,inshort,if

youonlyfeelyourlfathomeafterthestreet-doorofyourhouisclod

afteryou.

ingtotheauthor,theimportanceofgreenspacesintheenvironment

_______

(A)isstillunknown(B)hasbeenfullyrecognized

(C)isbeingclolystudied(D)isusuallyneglected

oreticalparationofliving,working,trafficandrecreationhas

ledto________

(A)thedisproportionofrecreationfacilitiesintheneighborhood

(B)theimprovementofrecreativepossibilitiesintheneighborhood

(C)relativelylittleattentionforrecreativepossibilities

(D)thelocationofrecreativefacilitiesfarfromhome

horsuggeststhattherecreativepossibilitiesofgreenspaceshould

beprovided______(A)intheneighborhoodofthehou

(B)inthesuburbs(C)inspecialareas(D)ingardensparks

ingtotheauthor,thegreenspacefacilitiesshouldbedesignedinsuch

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awaythat______

(A)anincreasingnumberofrecreativeactivitiesmightbedeveloped

(B)moreandmorepeoplemighthaveaccesstothem

(C)moreobligatoryactivitiesmighttakeonarecreativeaspect

(D)recreativeactivitiesmightbebroughtintoourhomes

nideaofthispassageisthat______

(A)attentionmustbedirectedtotheimprovementofrecreativepossibilities

(B)betteruofgreenspacefacilitiesshouldbemadesoastoimprovethe

qualityofourlife

(C)theurbanenvironmentisprovidingmorerecreationactivitiesthanitdid

manyyearsago

(D)prioritymustbegiventothedevelopmentofobligatoryactivities

PartⅡReadingComprehension(35minutes)

Directions:ssageisfollowedbysomequestions

hofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).

YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet

withasinglelingthroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions21to25arebadonthefollowingpassage.

Arectalstudy,publishedinlastweek’sJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation,

offersapictureofhowriskyitistogetaliftfromateenagedriver,Indeed,a16-year-old

driverwiththreeormorepasngersisthreetimesaslikelytohaveafatalaccidentas

ateenagerdrivingalone,Bycontrast,theriskofdeathfordriversbetween30and59decreas

witheachadditionalpasnger.

Theautboesalsofoundthatthedeathratesforteenagedriversincreaddramatically

after10p.m.,andespeciallyaftermidnight,Withpasngersinthecar,thedriverwaven

morelikelytodieinalate-nightaccident.

RobertFoss,ascientistattheUniversityofNorthCarolinaHighwaySafetyRearch

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Center,saysthehigherdeathratesforteenagedrivershavelesstodowith“reallystupid

behavior”thanwithjustalackofdrivingexperience.“Thebasicissue.”Besays,“is

thatadultswhoareresponsibleforissuinglicensfailtorecognizehowcomplexandskilled

ataskdrivingis.”

Bothheandtheauthorofthestudybelievethatthewaytomitigate(使……缓解)the

problemistohavestatesinstituteso-calledgraduatedlicensingsystems,inwhichgetting

atedlicenrequiresthataleenagerfirstprove

himlfcapableofdrivingintheprenceofanadult,followedbyaperiodofdrivingwith

nightofpasscagerrestrictions,beforegraduatingtofulldrivingprivileges.