2013年专四答案

2021年英语专四真题及答案解

析汇总

Lt

D

2021年英语专四真题及答案解析--汇总

【2021年英语专四真题及答案解析--听写局部参考答案】

Whatisadreamfor?

Onetheoryisthatwedreamtoreleathedeep,

donotexpressthedesiresinreallifebecauoftherulesofpolite

rtheoryisthatdreamsallowustosolveproblemsthatwe

can'sleepwithaproblemandwakeupwith

ybeawaytouourdreamsratherthanapurpo

elievethatyourdreamsareimportant,then

analyzingthemmayhelpyoutofocusontheproblemandhelpyouto

ernimageisthatdreamsarethebrain'swayof

cleaningupthecomputer’organizetheeventsofthe

llknowthatvery

littleofwhatwedreamisconcernedwithwhathappenedtousthatday.

【2021年英语专四真题及答案解析--语法局部】

theboardofdirectors,hedidn’tdeny__________breaki

ngtheagreement.

解析：此题考查动名词的逻辑主语。动名词可以有自己的逻辑〔意义〕主语，

一般可以用名词所有格Tom's，代词宾格如him〔口语〕，书面语情况下一般用

物主代词his，their。此题选C，但我还是要吐槽，因为根本就不需要多此一举

添加his,hedidn'tdenybreakingtheagreement完全正确，比原题要精简地

道许多，从写作角度来看，his根本是多余的，当然纯粹考察语法的话选C。

licizedpar

tfunctionsasa(n)_______.

tive(同位语)ment.

解析：此题恐怕是最受争议的题目了，有人认为选A，有人认为选D。根据English

Grammar:AUniversityCour一书，“TheSubjectComplement(主语补足

语)istheobligatoryconstituentwhichfollowsacopularverb(系动词)and

whichcannotbemadesubjectinapassiveclau:比方Who’sthere?It’s

me/It’eeto

askquestions!〞一般语法书也是这么说的，有的书上把这种情况下接的名词

叫做predicatenoun/nominative,接的形容词叫做predicateadjective。该书

接着说“Aswellasbeandem,awiderangeofverbscanbeudtolink

thesubjecttoitsComplement;theaddmeaningsoftransition

(become,get,go,grow,turn)andofperception(sound,smell,look)

amongothers,〞比方uationbecomes

evenwor.这些一般语法书也会提到，但是题目里的都不是这种现象，很多

语法书对主语补语的介绍也就到此为止。好在这本书多介绍了一点，但情况很

微妙。此书又说Moreproblematicistheconstituentfollowingotherverbs

thatcouldbeudintransitivelywiththesamemeaning,asin:

SaintEthelbertwasbornaSaxonprincess.(shewasborn)

Hereturnedabrokenman.(hereturned)

Hediedyoung.(hedied)

WeshallconsidersuchconstituentsasComplementsonthestrengthof

thepossibleparaphracontainingbe(Whenhereturnedhewasa

brokenman;Whenhediedhewasyoung).

这局部恰好就是此题所代表的类型，但是从该书作者表述来看，他们也成认这

样的句子很不一般，不太容易轻易判定是否为主语补语，在本书里，作者认为

可以看作是主语补语，因为大概可以改写成含有系动词be的句子，但作者的措

辞显然没有那么肯定，有待商榷的意思。据此，此题可以选D，是主语补足语。

fthefollowingisacompoundword(复合词)?

解析：首先要知道什么是复合词。Acompoundisawordthatconsistsof

morethanonefreemorpheme。所谓morpheme词素是最小的音义结合体，

其最大的特点是不能再被分割为更小的音义结合体。而freemorpheme是指能

独立存在使用的词素，boundmorpheme那么是必须依附于其他单位的词素，

比方前缀后缀属于boundmorpheme，如pre-，-ment，在单词shipment里，

ship就是freemorpheme，-ment那么是bound。因此四个选项里只有

deadline是由两个freemorpheme构成〔dead+line〕，其他三个都有Bound

morpheme比方non,ness,mis-等。

fthefollowingntencescontainssubjunctivemood?

sistedthathersongethomebefore5o'clock.

dtodrivetowork,butnowshetakesthecitymetr

o.

raightahead,anddon'tturntillthecondtrafficligh

ts.

llcancelhisflightifhecannotgethisvisabyFrida

y.

解析:subjunctivemood是指虚拟语气，四个选项里只有A的insist属于虚拟

语气用法，其中that从句里省略了should。

lowingdeterminers(限定词)canbeudwithbothplural

anduncountablenounsEXCEPT__________.

解析：限定词的用法是近几年专四的热门考点，诸如some，many，both，all，

each等用法究竟如何还是希望大家多翻阅语法书和词典。这道题看似有点难度，

也许你从来不知道哪个限定词可以接名词复数和不可数名词，但好在备选项里

每个单词你都可以去接名词试试就知道了，比方moremoney,moretrees;

enoughmoney,enoughtrees;manymoney?,manytrees;suchbigtrees,

suchbehavior.所以选C。

56.解析：首先要明白and不一定表示并列。A，C里的and表示先后；D里

的and表示递进；只有B里的and表示比照。

ftheitalicizedpartsindicatesCONTRAST?

nedthedoorandquietlywentin.

ialikesmusicandSamisfondofsports.

toveragainandyou'llgetananswer.

mewhatarrogant,andIdon'tlikethis.

fthefollowingCANNOTbeudasanominalsubstitut

e(名词替代词)?

r

解析：估计不少学生看到名词替代词这个术语，一开始都吓着了，因为压根没

听说过，不过对做这道题目倒无大碍，所谓名词替代词顾名思义就是指能代替

名词或名词短语，防止重复的词，英语里one,ones,(the)same等都是常见的。

比方Therearegoodfilmsaswellasbadones.除此以外还有thekind,the

sort，比方Slangdisappearsquickly,especiallythejuvenilesort.还有一些

不定代词等比方all,both,some,anyenough,veral,none,many,much,

(a)few,(a)little,theother,others,another,either,neither等，比方Canyou

getmesomenails?’twantanymorefood.I’vehad

enough.此题选D,quarter不是名词替代词。

followingntencesdefinitelyindicatefuturetimeEXCEP

T__.

istohaveteawithAuntBettyatfour.

sidentiscomingtotheUNnextweek,

oolpupilswillbehomebynow.

ingtoemailmethenecessaryinformation.

解析：这道题目有点意思，既考查时态，又考查will的用法，A/B/D都是将来

时的各种表达，唯独C的will，看似是将来时标志，其实不然，因为和bynow

矛盾，这里will的用法是指youthinksomethingistrue，表说话人自己的看

法，比方ThatwillbeTimcominghomenow;Askanyoneandtheywilltell

youthesamething.此题选C。

fthefollowingntencesisgrammaticallyINCORRECT?

csaretheartorscienceofgovernment.

esemslikealongwalktome.

sakindofinfectiousdia.

furniturehasarrivedundamaged.

解析：此题考查主谓一致〔agreement/concord〕。tenmiles看作整体单数，

mumps腮腺炎这个单词就是以s结尾的，不可数名词；furniture在英语里是

不可数名词；A里的politics并不是指政治，而是指政治学(politicalscience)，

是不可数名词，但这个用法主要是英式英语。此外，politics表示政治可以看作

不可数名词，也可以看作复数，比方Politicshavealwaysinterestedme.此

题选A。

finthefollowingphrasindicatesasubject-predicater

elationship?

ofNewton

ysofOscarW

ilde

解析：章振邦的书拿到手后果然发现了他的讲解，根本就是原句。第五版的55

页，名词属格和of-词组一节说：名词属格和of-词组在意义和用法上有许多相

同之处，比方thetrunkofanelephant=anelephant'strunk，表示主谓关系

有thearrivaloftheprimeminister;表示动宾关系theoccupationofthe

Island;表来源thelawofNewton。因此据此此题选A。但我要吐槽的是先不

说我手上其他参考书根本没有讲到，就这种主谓关系，动宾关系的说法我就不

太同意，因为所谓词组的主谓关系和动宾关系是汉语语法里的说法，英语里说

主谓自然指的是句子，一个名词短语何来主谓之说？

fthefollowingitalicizedpartsrvesasanappositive?

tthemantodrawback.

tbacktheurgetotellalie.

asalargefamilytosupport.

sreallynothingtofear.

解析：又是同位语？！四个选项的用法在大局部语法书里并没有做进一步区分，

都成为不定式的定语用法，修饰名词。不过章振邦的书里又出现了这个，又是

原句作为选项出现，章指出不定式作为名词的后置修饰语时，不定式和名词之

间的搭配关系是主谓A中的themandrawback，也可以是C和D的动宾to

fearnothing,tosupportfamily；有时候也是同为关系,比方urge(冲动)的内容

就是指totellalie撒谎，故为同位语。我不得不吐槽，章很喜欢分析任何语法

单位的结构，他在教师用书的第一局部也说本书语法体系是要贯彻层次分析法。

fthefollowingisNOTanimperativentence?

riveyouhome,shallI?

lmindyourownbusiness.

dhavedinnerwithus.

oucouldstaybehind.

解析：花了点时间翻遍手头各类语法和用法图书，除了直接用动词打头，

Do/Don't，You/其他唤名+动词,let类型外，均没有见到D的wish类型。说明：

似乎只有章振邦的书上在情态动词will一节提到B的属于加强祈使句。我个人

对此表示质疑。更常见的应该是Youmindyourownbusiness。如果说You

willmindyourownbusiness是祈使句，那么Youwillehimnow岂不是

也是祈使句？这显然说不通。其实Youwillmindyourownbusiness要有祈

使句功能，还跟语气语调有很大关系，应该念成YouWILLmindyourown

business!而不是YOUwillmindyourownbusiness.出题人不严谨，死扣

语法书，可见一斑。

_______tomorrow,thematchwouldbeputoff.

ned

解析：最经典的If条件虚拟句，说的是将来，应该选A.

fthefollowingntencexpressafact?

dhersonmustbehomebynow.

ssreadingmustgivepoorresults.

’sgettinglate,andImustleavenow.

beworkinglateattheoffice.

解析：目前来看又要有争议。很多人认为是B，而我之前说C，尽管C里的mu

st是表示主观必须〔C只有前半句是fact，后半句谈不上什么事实〕。问题在于

如何理解B的must。在EnglishGrammar:AUniversityCour一书里有

一节谈到must的logicalnecessity用法问题，作者说在英式英语里有用mu

st表示逻辑上的必定如此，尽管美国人更喜欢用haveto。比方IfJaneisP

at'ssisterandJillisJane'sdaughter,PatmustbeJill'saunt.此时Pa

tmustbeJill'saunt就相当于不用情态动词的陈述句PatisJill'saunt.如

此极端的例子才能说明这是逻辑上的必然，但我实在看不出选项B里一个没有

语境的句子是如何有逻辑上的必然，我个人觉得Carelessreadingmustgiv

epoorresults.和Carelessreadinggivespoorresults.还是不一样的。B

句是章振邦那本书里的原句，章自己也说“用must表示必然，也是一种推测或

推断，其口气最为肯定，一般用于肯定陈述句〞由此来看，再如何肯定那也是

一种推断，不是fact。

lowingarealldynamicverbs(动态动词)EXCEPT_________

_.

解析：看到专四考这个题目，我只能呵呵。动态动词是指能够延续持续动作的，

比方hit，run等，相反的那么是StativeVerb静态动词，比方know.现在进行

时是常见检验手段。你不能说Iamknowingtheanswer，只能说Iknowthe

answer，因此know是静态动词。同理，题目的A选项remain也是静态动词，

其他都是动态动词。

【2021年英语专四真题及答案解析--词汇局部】

66.__________toschoollifewaslessdifficultthanthepupilhad

expected.

ingD.

Acquainting

解析：这题没啥好说的，适应学校生活adjusttoschoollife，选C。

dupwiththesameolddrearyroutine,andwantstoquithis

erlinedpartmeans__________.

解析：dreary指dull，选A。但有词典指出boring也是近义词，外教也表示

AB均可。所以B也是对的，我估计出题人是选A。

night’spartyLarrysaidsomethingthatIthoughwasbeyond

erlinedpartmeans__________.

n’tunderstand

n’ttolerate

解析：bebeyondsomebody指tobetoodifficultforsomeoneto

understand.应选B。

ple__________theiroldhouandsolditforavastprofit.

解析：选D。doup这里指torepairanoldbuildingorcar,ortoimproveits

appearance。此外doup还可以指fastensomething，比方Doyourlacesup

beforeyoutripover.

ontributedalottotheproject,butsheneveronceacceptedall

the__________forherlf.

解析：选A。这里的credit指approvalorpraithatyougivetosomeonefor

somethingtheyhavedone.常见搭配有givecredit;take/claim/derve

credit。

ldnodded,apparentlycontentwithhismother’

underlinedpartmeans__________.

soneisconcerned

soneistold

解析：首先ABCD的释义都是指apparently的意思，具体语境有具体不同的释

义，在我们这个句子里，指accordingtothewaysomeonelooksora

situationappears,althoughyoucannotbesure.因此选C。换一个句子比

方Iwasn’tthere,butapparentlythethiefgotaway.这里的apparently就指

A或D。

__________thatsportbuildscharacteriswellacceptedby

peoplenowadays.

ce

解析：选B。这里的argument指atofreasonsthatshowsomethingis

trueoruntrue,rightorwrong。相当于汉语说的主张论点。很多人选C，point

确实有这个意思，也可以接同位语从句，搭配上习惯是说takethe/sb’spoint.

不过，我询问过外教，他是觉得argument更好，只是point也没什么不对。

neintheofficeknowsthatMelindatakesinfinitecareoverher

erlinedpartmeans__________.

解析：infinite是finite的反义词，这里指verygreat/hugeinamountor

degree，因此选D。

measurewillreducethechanceofriousinjuryintheevent

erlinedpartmeans__________.

cidentcanbeprevented

anaccident

解析：选A。intheeventofsomethingisudtotellpeoplewhatthey

shoulddoifsomethinghappens.

ionally,localmidwiveswould__________allthebabiesinthe

area.

解析：midwife是指产婆，接生员。所以选C，deliver可以指接生(孩子)，或

者生孩子。

erlinedpart

means__________.

ngD.

string

解析：选C。以复数形式出现的premis指thebuildingsandlandthata

shop,restaurant,companyetcus.

rtwouldnotaccepthisappealunless__________evidenceis

provided.

alD.

concluding

解析：选A。首先appeal是指上诉。Conclusive指showingsomethingis

definitelytrue，比方conclusiveproof/evidence/findings。旁证是

circumstantialevidence.

asheopenedthedoor,a__________ofcoldairswept

throughthehou.

解析：个人认为选D。又见量化问题，一阵/股冷风袭来该如何用英语说。首先

句子里动词用了sweep，指tomovesuddenlyand/orwithforceoveran

areaorinaparticulardirection.而blast指asuddenstrongmovementof

air。但问题在于C。词典里rush其实可以指asuddenfastmovementofair,

外教的答复是blastisbetterhereandiswhatnativespeakerswouldprefer.

而Flow往往接的是水流电流等，而且指asmoothandsteadymovement.

llywantedtosaysomethingatthemeeting,buteventually

__________fromit.

cted

解析：refrainfromsth/doingsth指tonotdosomethingyouwanttodo，

主要用于书面语。

pletoldthedecoratorthattheywantedtheirbedroomgaily

erlinedpartmeans__________.

ullyD.

lightly

解析：先聊聊gaily这个单词的来源吧。这个单词虽然是ly结尾却是形容词，

是有gay+ly变来的。而gay在很早的时候是指人happy,merry,cheerful，

或者颜色bright,attractive，这个用法现代英语已经抛弃，请大家不要乱用。

所谓gailypainted/colored/decorated指havingbrightcheerfulcolors.所以

选A。

【2021年英语专四真题及答案解析--完形填空原文〔真题暂

缺，加粗局部为原空〕】

Everyoneknowsthattaxationisnecessaryinamodernstate:

Withoutit,itwouldnotbepossibletopaythesoldiersandpolicemen

whoprotectus；northeworkersingovernmentofficeswholookafterour

health,ourfood,ourwater,andalltheotherthingsthatwecannotdofor

ourlves；northeministersandmembersofparliament(国会)who

softaxation,wepayforthingsthat

weneedjustasmuchasweneedsomewheretoliveandsomethingto

eat.

Buteveryoneknowsthattaxationisnecessary,differentpeople

each

personhavetopayacertainamountofmoneytothegovernmenteach

year?Orshouldtherebetaxonthingsthatpeoplebuyandll?Ifthe

firstkindoftaxationisud,shouldeveryonepaythesametax,whether

heisrichorpoor?Ifthecondkindoftaxispreferred,should

everythingbetaxedequally?

Inmostcountries,adirecttaxonpersons,whichiscalled

incometax,rangedinsuchawaythatthepoorestpeople

paynothing,andthepercentageoftaxgrowsgreaterasthetaxpayer’s

and,forexample,thetaxontherichestpeople

goesupashighasninety-fivepercent!

Butcountrieswithdirecttaxationnearlyalwayshaveindirect

ingsimportedintothecountryhavetopaytaxesor

"duties".Ofcour,itisthemenandwomenwhobuytheimported

thingsintheshopswhoreallyhavetopaytheduties,intheformof

countries,too,thereisataxonthingssoldinthe

ostnecessarythingsaretaxed,alotofmoneyiscollected,

cessarythingslikejewelsandfur

coatsaretaxed,lessmoneyisgotbutthetaxisfairer,astherichpayit.

Probablythislastkindofindirecttax,togetherwithadirecttax

onincomeswhichislowforthepoorandhighfortherich,isthebest

arrangement.

【2021年英语专四真题及答案解析--写作局部】

SECTIONACOMPOSITION

Mostofus,asstudents,arecarefulwithourmoneyindailylife:we

collectallkindsofcoupons(优惠券);welookforgroup-buydealsifwe

eatoutortravel;wedon'r,some

youropinion?

WriteonANSWERSHEETTHREEacompositionofabout200words.

Youaretowriteinthreeparts.

Inthefirstpart,statespecificallywhatyourviewis.

Inthecondpart,provideoneortworeasonsoryourexperience(s)

tosupportyouropinion.

Inthelastpart,bringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusion

orasummary.

Youshouldsupplyanappropriatetittleforyourcomposition.

Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarand

etofollowtheinstructionsmayresultinalossof

marks.

SECTIONBNOTE-WRITING

WriteonANSWERSHEETTHREEanoteofabout50—60words

badonthefollowingsituation:

Yourformerhigh-schoolclassmate(MatheworGrace)iscomingto

,youhavegotsomethingurgenttodoandthus

cannotwaitforhim/noteonthedoor,expressingyour

apologyandtellinghim/tmakeclearwhere

youareinthenote.

Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarand

appropriateness.

【参考范文】

SECTIONA

Theadvantagesofbeingcarefulwithmoneyindailylife

Nowadays,thereisahotdebateonwhetherpeople,including

studentsshouldbecarefulwiththeirmoneyintheirdailylifesincethey

oplethinkitisnotgoodtodoso

yeyes,the

advantagesofbeingcarefulwithmoneyindailylifeoutweighthe

disadvantages.

First,beingcarefulwithmoneyisavirtuethatcanalwaysbenefit

hriftyisofgreathelp,especiallywhentheeconomic

statusaroundtheworldisnotverygoodanditbecomeshardertoearn

abitofbeingcarefulwithmoneywillhelp

manypeoplegothroughthisdifficultperiodoranyotherdifficult

withthisawarenesswillthink

dents,thisawareness

isalsoofgreathelpsincetheymainlydependontheirparentsfor

eykeepthisawarenessintheirmind,they

willdefinitelyavoidwastingmoney.

Secondly,beingcarefulwithmoneyis,infact,agoodwayof

practicinghowtomanageone'entsociety,itisnecessary

oriesareusuallyhardtolearn.

Incontrast,areful

withmoneymeansanefficientuofmoney,which,inesnce,equals

arefulwithmoneycan

teachpeopletomakebestuoftheirmoney.

Itistruethatbeingtoocarefulwithmoneymayhavesome

disadvantages;forexample,itmaycaupeopletoignoreotheraspects

rallthisbehaviorisgoodandhasitsreality

-consciousnessisalwaysneededinthemarket-oriented

economy.

SECTIONB

April20,2021

DearMathew,

I'mwritingtoshowmyapologyforbeingunabletowaitforyouinmy

dorm.I'come

toRoom1003,ontheback

ofthenotewillhelpyou.I'llwaitforyouthere.

Yours,

Tom