六级试题

2016年12月英语六级考试试题第一套

PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,sayshouldinclude

trequiredtowriteatleast150

wordsbutnomorethan200words.

PartⅡListeningComprehension(30minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthisction,ndofeachconversation,youwillhear

ouheara

question,youmustchoothebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Thenmark

thecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions1to4arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

1.A)Ittriestopredictthepossibletrendsofglobalclimatechange.

B)Itstudiestheimpactsofglobalclimatechangeonpeople’slives.

C)Itlinksthescienceofclimatechangetoeconomicandpolicyissues.

D)Itfocusontheeffortscountriescanmaketodealwithglobalwarming.

2.A)Itwilltakealongtimebeforeaconnsusisreachedonitsimpact.

B)Itwouldbemorecostlytodealwithitsconquencesthantoavoidit.

C)Itisthemostpressingissueconfrontingallcountries.

D)Itisboundtocauendlessdisputesamongnations.

3.A)Thetransitiontolow-carbonenergysystems.

B)Thecooperationamongworldmajorpowers.

C)Thesigningofaglobalagreement.

D)Theraisingofpeople’sawareness.

4.A)Carryoutmorerearchonit.B)Cutdownenergyconsumption.

C)Planwellinadvance.D)Adoptnewtechnology.

Questions5to8arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

5.A)Whenluckplaysarole.B)Whatdeterminessuccess.

C)Whetherpracticemakesperfect.D)Howimportantnaturaltalentis.

6.A)Itknocksatyourdooronlyonceinawhile.

B)Itissomethingthatnoonecanpossiblycreate.

C)Itcomesnaturallyoutofone’slf-confidence.

D)Itmeansbeinggoodatizingopportunities.

7.A)Luckrarelycontributestoaperson’ssuccess.

B)Onemusthavenaturaltalenttobesuccessful.

C)Oneshouldalwaysbereadytoizeopportunities.

D)Practiceisntialtobecominggoodatsomething.

8.A)Puttingtimeandeffortintofunthingsisprofitable.

B)Peoplewholovewhattheydocarelittleaboutmoney.

C)Beingpassionateaboutworkcanmakeonewealthy.

D)Peopleinneedofmoneyworkhardautomatically.

SectionB

Directions:Inthisction,ndofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfour

ouhearaquestion,you

mustchoothebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Thenmarkthe

correspondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions9to12arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

9.A)Thestumpofagianttree.B)Ahugepieceofrock.

C)Thepeakofamountain.D)Atallchimney.

10.A)Humanactivity.B)Windandwater.

C)Chemicalprocess.D)Fireandfury.

11.A)Itisahistoricalmonument.B)Itwasbuiltinancienttimes.

C)ItisIndians’sacredplaceforworship.D)Itwascreatedbysupernaturalpowers.

12.A)Byshelteringtheminacave.B)Bykillingtheattackingbears.

C)Byliftingthemwellabovetheground.D)Bytakingthemtothetopofamountain.

Questions13to15arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

13.A)Theywillbuysomethingfromtheconveniencestores.

B)Theywilltakeadvantageofthetimetorestawhile.

C)Theywillhavetheirvehicleswashedorrviced.

D)Theywillpickupsomesouvenirsorgiftitems.

14.A)Theycanbringonlytemporarypleasures.

B)Theyaremeantfortheextremelywealthy.

C)Theyshouldbedoneawaywithaltogether.

D)Theymayeventuallydriveonetobankruptcy.

15.A)Agoodwaytosocializeistohavedailylunchwithone’scolleagues.

B)Retirementsavingsshouldcomefirstinone’sfamilybudgeting.

C)Avacationwillbeaffordableifonesaves20dollarsaweek.

D)Smalldailysavingscanmakeabigdifferenceinone’slife.

SectionC

Directions:Inthisction,youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.

ouhearaquestion,youmustchoothebestanswer

fromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet

1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions16to18arebadontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

16.A)Theyshouldbedoneawaywith.B)Theyarenecessaryinourlives.

C)Theyenrichourexperience.D)Theyareharmfultohealth.

17.A)Theyfeelstresdoutevenwithoutanychallengesinlife.

B)Theyfeeltoooverwhelmedtodealwithlife’sproblems.

C)Theyareanxioustofreethemlvesfromlife’stroubles.

D)Theyareexhaustedevenwithoutdoinganyheavywork.

18.A)Theyexpandourmind.B)Theyprolongourlives.

C)Theynarrowourfocus.D)Theylesnourburdens.

Questions19to22arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

19.A)Itisnoteasilybreakable.B)Itcamefroma3Dprinter.

C)Itreprentsthelateststyle.D)Itwasmadebyafashiondesigner.

20.A)Whenshehadjustgraduatedfromhercollege.

B)WhensheattendedaconferenceinNewYork

C)Whenshewasstudyingatafashiondesignschool.

D)Whensheattendedafashionshowninemonthsago.

21.A)Itwasdifficulttoprint.B)Itwashardtocomeby.

C)Itwashardandbreakable.D)Itwaxtremelyexpensive.

22.A)Itisthelatestmodelofa3Dprinter.

B)Itisaplasticwidelyudin3Dprinting.

C)Itgivesfashiondesignersroomforimagination.

D)Itmarksabreakthroughinprintingmaterial.

Questions23to25arebadontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

23.A)Theyarifromtheadvancesintechnology.

B)Theyhavenotbeenexaminedindetailsofar.

C)Theyareeasytosolvewithmoderntechnology.

D)Theycan’tbesolvedwithoutgovernmentsupport.

24.A)Itisattractivetoentrepreneurs.B)Itdemandshugeinvestment.

C)Itfocusonnewproducts.D)Itisintenlycompetitive.

25.A)Cooperationwithbigcompanies.B)Recruitingmorequalifiedstaff.

C)In-rvicetrainingofITpersonnel.D)Sharingofcostswitheachother.

PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthisction,requiredtolectonewordforeachblank

epassagethroughcarefullybefore

markthecorrespondingletterfor

notuanyofthewordsinthebank

morethanonce.

Questions26to35arebadonthefollowingpassage.

Itisimportantthatsci,sound

sciencedependson26,iresawillingnesstoasknew

dsciencealso

requires27understanding,clearexplanationandconciprentation.

Ourcountryneedsmorescientistswhoarewillingtostepoutinthepublic28andoffertheiropinions

morescientistswhocanexplainwhattheyaredoinginlanguagethatis29and

fuswhoarenotscientistsshouldalsobepreparedtosupportpublic

engagementbyscientists,andto30scientificknowledgeintoourpubliccommunications.

Toomanypeopleinthiscountry,includingsomeamongourelectedleadership,stilldonotunderstandhow

scienceworksorwhyrobust,1960s,theUnitedStates31

nearly17%ofdiscretionary(可酌情支配的)spendingtorearchanddevelopment,32decadesofeconomic

2008,thefigurehadfallenintothesingle33Thisoccursatatimewhenothernationshave

madesignificantgainsintheirownrearchcapabilities.

AttheUniversityofCalifornia(UC),we34ourlvesnotonlyonthequalityofourrearch,butalsoon

35thedevelopmentofsciencefromthelabbenchtothemarket

place,UCisinvestingourownmoneyinourowngoodideas.

A)arenaF)hastenK)indulge

B)contextualG)hypothesL)inertia

C)convincingH)impairingM)pride

D)devotedI)incorporateN)reaping

E)digitsJ)indefiniteO)warrant

SectionB

Directions:Inthisction,atement

fytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.

thequestionsby

markingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.

AreWeinanInnovationLull?

[A]Scanthehighlightsofthisyear’sConsumerElectronicsShow(CES),andyoumaygetaslightfeelingof

thecoolestgadgetsthisyeararethesameasthecoolestgadgetslastyear-orthe

yearbefore,thsarestillexciting,illeasytobedazzledby

thedisplayofdrones(无人机),3Dprinters,virtualrealitygoggles(眼镜)andmore―smart‖devicesthanyoucould

flection,however,s

hardnottothink:Areweinaninnovationlull(间歇期)?

[B]Insomeways,rs,smartphones,televisions,tablets,laptopsanddesktopshavemade

thegmentsarelookingatslowergrowthcurves-

orshrinkingmarkile,

emergingtechnologies--thedrones,3Dprintersandsmart-homedevicesoftheworld-nowemabittoooldtobe

called―thenextbigthing.‖

[C]Basicallythetechindustryemstobeinanawkwardperiodnow.―Thereisnotanyone-hitwonder,andthere

willnotbeoneforyearstocome,‖saidGaryShapiro,presidentandchiefexecutiveoftheConsumerTechnology

Association(CTA).Inhiyes,however,thatdoesn’ust

grownupalittle.―Manyindustriesaregoingoutofinfancyandbecomingadolescents,‖Shapirosaid.

[D]Forinstance,newtechnologiesthatarebuildinguponexistingtechnologyhavenotfoundtheirfootingwell

enoughtoappealtoamassaudience,becau,inmanycas,theyneedtoworkeffectivelywithotherdevicesto

eevolutionofthesmarthome,iesarepushingithardbut

makeitalmostoverwhelmingeventodipatoeinthewaterfortheaverageconsumer,becautherearesomany

agepersonwantstofigureoutwhethertheirfavoritecalendarsoftware

wotoinstalladifferentappfor

eachsmartapplianceinyourhomeisannoying;

whileyoumayforgiveyoursmartphoneanoccasionalfault,youprobablyhavelesspatienceforerrormessages

fromyourdoorlock.

[E]Companiesarepromotingtheirownstandards,andthemarkethasnothadtimetochooawinneryetasthisis

iesthathavelongfocudonhardwarenowhavetothinkofecosystemsinsteadtogive

consumerspracticalsolutionstotheireverydayproblems.―Thedialogueischangingfromwhatistechnologically

possibletowhatistechnologicallymeaningful,‖acworksforCTA-

whichputsontheshoweachyear-andsaidthatthisshifttoaarchforsolutionshasbeennoticeableashe

rearchedhispredictionsfor2016.

[F]―outtheflashinessandthegadgets,‖saidJohnCurran,

managingdirectorofrearchatAccenture.―Butoverthelastcoupleofyears,andinthisoneinparticular,weare

startingtoecompaniesshiftfromwhatisthelargestscreensize,thesmallestformfactorortheshiniestobject

andmoreintowhatallofthedevicesdothatispracticalinaconsumer’slife.―Eventhetechnologypress

conferences,whichhavebeenhigh-profileinthepastandreachedalevelofdramaandtheatricsfittingforaLas

Vegasstage,thanjustdazzlingwithahighcoolfactor,thereisafocusonthe

,forexample,releaditsfirstsmartwatchMonday,llingwithaclearpurpo-toimproveyour

fitness--andpromotingitasa―tool,notatoy.―Notonlythat,itsupportsanumberofplatforms:Apple’siOS,

Google’sAndroidandMicrosoft’sWindowsphone.

[G]Thatemstobewhatconsumersaredemanding,ersarebecomingincreasinglyboredwith

whatcompanieshavetooffer:Asurveyof28,000consumersin28countriesreleadbyAccenturefound

mple,whenaskedwhethertheywould

buyanewsmartphonethisyear,only48percentsaidyes-asix-pointdropfrom2015.

[H]Andwhenitcomestothehyper-connectedsuper-smartworldthattechnologyfirmsarepaintingforus,items

thatconsumersaregrowingmoreuneasyabouthandingoverthemassiveamountsofconsumerdataneededto

providethepersonalized,uldbe

anotherexplanationforwhycompaniesemtobestrengtheningtheirtalkofthepracticalityoftheirdevices.

[I]Companieshavealreadywonpartofthebattle,havingdriventechintoeverypartofourlives,trackingoursteps

persistentquestionof―WhydoIneedthat?‖-or,perhapsmoretellingly,―Whydo

youneedtoknowthat?‖-13percentofrespondentssaidthatthey

wereinterestedinbuyingasmartwatchin2016,forexample--anincreaofjustonepercentfromthepreviousyear

badnewsforanyfirmthatmayhopethatsmartwatchescanmakeup

surveyfoundflatdemandforfitnessmonitors,smart

thermostats(恒温器)andconnectedhomecameras,aswell.

[J]Accordingtothesurvey,t

amongpeoplewhohaveboughtconnecteddevicesofsomekind,37percentsaidthattheyaregoingtobemore

18percenthaveevenreturneddevicesuntil

theyfeeltheycangetsaferguaranteesagainsthavingtheirnsitiveinformationhacked.

[K]That,too,explainstheheavyWashingtonprenceatthisyear’sshow,asthenewtechnologiesintrudeupon

tiontomanyniorofficialsfromtheFederalTradeandFederalCommunications

commissions,thisyear’slistofpolicymakersalsoincludesappearancesfromTransportationSecretaryAnthony

Foxx,totalkaboutsmartcities,andFederalAviationAdministrationAdministratorMichaelHuerta,totalkabout

drones.

[L]Curran,theAccentureanalyst,saidthatincreadgovernmentinterestintheshowmakesnastechnology

becomesalargerpartofourlives.―Thereisanincompatibilityintherateatwhichtheareadvancingrelativeto

thewaywe’redigestingit,‖hesaid.―Technologyisbecomingbiggerandmoreaspirational,andpenetratingalmost

tounderstandandthinkabouttheimplications,andbalancethegreat

innovationswiththepotentialdownsidestheynaturallycarrywiththem.‖

ersareoftenhesitanttotrysmart-homedevicesbecautheyareworriedaboutcompatibilityproblems.

ar’lectronicsshowfeaturedtheprenceofmanyofficialsfromthefederalgovernment.

ketdemandforelectronicdevicesisnoweitherdecliningornotgrowingasfastasbefore.

lystsuggestsitisnecessarytoacceptboththepositiveandnegativeaspectsofinnovativeproducts.

sumerElectronicsShowinrecentyearshasbeguntofocusmoreonthepracticalvaluethanthe

showinessofelectronicdevices.

nnovativeproductswerefoundatthisyear’lectronicproductsshow.

ersarebecomingmoreworriedaboutgivingpersonalinformationtotechcompaniestogetcustomized

productsandrvices.

sumerTechnologyAssociationisthesponsoroftheannualConsumerElectronicsShow.

nsumerswonderaboutthenecessityofhavingtheirfitnessmonitored.

ctronicindustryismaturingeventhoughnowonderproductshitthemarket.

SectionC

Directions:ssageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinished

hofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,ulddecideonthebestchoice

andmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions46to50arebadonthefollowingpassage.

TheParisclimateagre

firsttime,theworld’snationsagreedtokeepglobalwarmingwellbelow2℃.

han4%ofcountriesareresponsibleformorethanhalfof

theworld’dypublishedinNatureScientificReports,werevealjusthowdeep

thisinjusticeruns.

DevelopednationssuchasAustralia,theUnitedStates,Canada,andEuropeancountriesareesntiallyclimate

―free-riders‖:causingthemajorityoftheproblemsthroughhighgreenhougamissions,whileincurringfewof

thecostssuchasclimatechange’rwords,afewcountriesarebenefiting

enormouslyfromtheconsumptionoffossilfuels,whileatthesametimecontributingdisproportionatelytothe

globalburdenofclimatechange.

Ontheflipside,therearemany―forcedriders‖,whoaresufferingfromtheclimatechangeimpactsdespite

theworld’smostclimate-vulnerablecountries,themajorityof

whichareAfricanorsmallislandstates,muchlikea

non-smokergettingcancerfromcond-handsmoke,whiletheheavysmokerisfortunateenoughtosmokeingood

health.

TheParisagreementhasbeenwidelyhailedasapositivestepforwardinaddressingclimatechangeforall,

althoughthedetailsonaddressing―climatejustice‖canbebestdescribedassketchy.

Thegoalofkeepingglobaltemperatureri―wellbelow‖2℃iscommendablebuttheemissions-reduction

pledgessubmittedbycountriesleadinguptotheParistalksareveryunlikelytodeliveronthis.

Morethan$100billioninfundinghasbeenputonthetableforsupportingdevelopingnationstoreduce

r,theagreementspecifiesthatthereisnoformaldistinctionbetweendevelopedanddeveloping

nationsintheirresponsibilitytocutemissions,salsoverylittle

detailonwhowillprovidethefundsor,importantly,ngthefunds,

andestablishingwhoisresponsibleforraisingthemwillalsobevitalforthefutureofclimate-vulnerablecountries.

Themostclimate-vulnerablecountriesintheworldhavecontributedverylittletocreatingtheglobaldia

usturgentlybeameaningfulmobilizationofthepoliciesoutlinedin

theagreementifwearetoachievenationalemissionsreductionswhilehelpingthemostvulnerablecountriesadapt

toclimatechange.

Anditisclearlyuptothecurrentgenerationofleadersfromhigh-emittingnationstodecidewhetherthey

wanttoberememberedasclimatechangetyrantsorpioneers.

horiscriticaloftheParisclimateagreementbecau____________.

A)itisunfairtothoclimate-vulnerablenations

B)itaimstokeeptemperatureribelow2℃only

C)itisbeneficialtoonlyfewerthan4%ofcountries

D)itburdensdevelopedcountrieswiththesoleresponsibility

stheauthorcallsomedevelopedcountriesclimate―free-riders‖?

A)Theyneedn’tworryaboutthefoodandwatertheyconsume.

B)Theyarebetterabletocopewiththeglobalclimatechange.

C)Theyhardlypayanythingfortheproblemstheyhavecaud.

D)Theyarefreefromthegreenhoueffectsaffecting―forcedriders‖.

stheauthorcomparethe―forcedriders‖tocond-handsmokers?

A)Theyhavelittleresponsibilityforpublichealthproblems.

B)Theyarevulnerabletounhealthyenvironmentalconditions.

C)Theyhavetobearconquencestheyarenotresponsiblefor.

D)Theyareunawareofthepotentialriskstheyareconfronting.

estheauthorsayaboutthe$100billionfunding?

A)Itwillmotivateallnationstoreducecarbonemissions.

B)Thereisnofinalagreementonwhereitwillcomefrom.

C)Thereisnoclarificationofhowthemoneywillbespent.

D)Itwilleffectivelyreducegreenhouemissionsworldwide.

gentactionmustbetakentorealizetheParisclimateagreement?

A)Encouraginghigh-emittingnationstotaketheinitiative.

B)Callingonallthenationsconcernedtomakejointefforts.

C)Pushingthecurrentworldleaderstocometoaconnsus.

D)Puttingineffectthepoliciesintheagreementatonce.

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebadonthefollowingpassage.

Teenagersatriskofdepression,anxietyandsuicideoftenweartheirtroubleslikeaneon(霓虹灯)

riskybehaviors-drinkingtoomuchalcohol,usingillegaldrugs,smokingcigarettesandskippingschool-canalert

parentsandteachersthatriousproblemsarebrewing.

Butanewstudyfindsthatthere’sanothergroupofadolescentswhoareinnearlyasmuchdangerof

experiencingthesamepsychiatricsymptoms:teenswhoutonsofmedia,don’tgetenoughsleepandhavea

dentary(不爱活动的)lifestyle.

Ofcour,studywarnsthatitis

teenagerswhoenetheir

behaviorsarenotusuallyenasaredflag,theyoungpeoplehavebeendubbedthe―invisiblerisk‖groupbythe

study’sauthors.

―Insomewaysthey’reatgreaterriskoffallingthroughthecracks,‖saysrearcherVladimirCarli.―While

mostparents,teachersandclinicianswouldreacttoanadolescentusingdrugsorgettingdrunk,theymayeasily

overlookteenagerswhoareengagingininconspicuousbehaviors.‖

Thestudy’sauthorssurveyed12,395studentsandanalyzednineriskbehaviors,includingexcessivealcohol

u,illegaldrugu,heavysmoking,highmediauandtruancy(逃学).Theiraimwastodeterminethe

relationshipbetweentheriskbehaviorsandmentalhealthissuesinteenagers.

About58%13%scoredhighonallnine

29%,the―invisiblerisk‖group,scoredhighonthreeinparticular:Theyspentfivehours

yneglected―otherhealthy

activities.‖

Thegroupthatscoredhighonallnineoftheriskbehaviorswasmostlikelytoshowsymptomsofdepression;

inall,nearly15%ofthisgroupreportedbeingdepresd,comparedwithjust4%

invisiblegroupwasn’tfarbehindthehigh-riskt,withmorethan13%ofthemexhibitingdepression.

ThefindingscaughtCarlioffguard.―Wewereverysurprid,‖hesays.―Thehigh-riskgroupandlow-risk

sthirdgroupwasnotonlyunexpected,itwassodistinctandsolarge--nearlyonethirdof

oursample--thatitbecameakeyfindingofthestudy.―

Carlisaysthatoneofthemostsignificantthingsabouthisstudyisthatitprovidesnewearly-warningsignsfor

parents,lyidentification,supportandtreatmentformentalhealth

issues,hesays,arethebestwaystokeepthemfromturningintofull-blowndisorders.

estheauthormeanbysaying―Teenagersatriskofdepression,anxietyandsuicideoftenweartheir

troubleslikeaneonsign‖(Lines1-2,Para.1)?

A)Mentalproblemscannowbefoundinlargenumbersofteenagers.

B)Teenagers’mentalproblemsaregettingmoreandmoreattention.

C)Teenagers’mentalproblemsareoftentooconspicuousnottobeobrved.

D)Depressionandanxietyarethemostcommonsymptomsofmentalproblems.

thefindingofthenewstudy?

A)Teenagers’lifestyleshavechangedgreatlyinrecentyears.

B)Manyteenagersresorttodrugsoralcoholformentalrelief.

C)Teenagerxperiencingpsychologicalproblemstendtoualotofmedia.

D)Manyhithertounobrvedyoungstersmayhavepsychologicalproblems.

herearchersrefertoteenswhoutonsofmedia,don’tgetenoughsleepandhaveadentary

lifestyleasthe―invisiblerisk‖group?

A)Theirbehaviorscanbeaninvisiblethreattosociety.

B)Theirbehaviorsdonotconstituteawarningsignal.

C)Theirbehaviorsdonottendtowardsmentalproblems.

D)Theirbehaviorscanbefoundinalmostallteenagersonearth.

esthenewstudyfindabouttheinvisiblegroup?

A)Theyarealmostasliabletodepressionasthehigh-riskgroup.

B)Theysufferfromdepressionwithoutshowinganysymptoms.

C)Theydonotoftendemonstrateriskybehaviorsastheirpeers.

D)Theydonotattractthemediaattentionthehigh-riskgroupdoes.

thesignificanceofVladimirCarli’sstudy?

A)Itoffersanewtreatmentforpsychologicalproblemsamongteenagers.

B)Itprovidesnewearly-warningsignalsforidentifyingteensintrouble.

C)Itmayhavefoundanidealwaytohandleteenagerswithbehavioralproblems.

D)Itshedsnewlightonhowunhealthybehaviorstriggermentalhealthproblems.

PartⅣTranslation(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,uld

writeyouransweronAnswerSheet2.

随着生活水平的提高，度假在中国人生活中的作用越来越重要。过去，中国人的时间主要花在谋生上，很

少有机会外出旅行。然而，近年来中国旅游业发展迅速。经济的繁荣和富裕中产阶级的出现，引发了一个

前所未有的旅游热潮。中国人不仅在国内旅游，出国旅游也越来越普遍。2016年国庆节假日期间，旅游消

费总计超过4000亿元。据世界贸易组织估计，2020年中国将成为世界上最大的旅游国，在未来几年里将成

为出境旅游支出增长最快的国家。

2016年12月大学英语六级考试真题(第2套)

PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,sayshould

includetherequiredtowrite

atleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.

PartⅡListeningComprehension(30minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthisction,ndofeachconversation,youwillhear

ouhearaquestion,you

mustchoothebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Thenmarkthecorrespondingletter

onAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions1to4arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

1.A)Theywereallgoodatcooking.B)Theywereparticularaboutfood.

C)Theywereproudoftheircuisine.D)Theywerefondofbaconandeggs.

2.A)Hisparents.B)Hisfriends.

C)Hisschoolmates.D)Hisparents’friends.

3.A)Noteawasrvedwiththemeal.B)ItwastherealEnglishbreakfast.

C)Nooneofthegroupateit.D)Itwasalittleovercooked.

4.A)Itwasfullofexcitement.B)Itwasreallyextraordinary.

C)Itwasariskyexperience.D)Itwasratherdisappointing.

Questions5to8arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

5.A)Thewoman’srelationshipwithothershops.

B)Thebusinesssuccessofthewoman’sshop.

C)Thekeytorunningashopatalowcost.

D)Thewoman’arningsovertheyears.

6.A)Improveitscustomerrvice.B)Expanditsbusinessscale.

C)Keepdownitxpens.D)Upgradethegoodsitlls.

7.A)Theyaresoldatlowerpricesthaninothershops.

B)Theyarevery-popularwiththelocalresidents.

C)Theyaredeliveredfreeofcharge.

D)Theyareingreatdemand.

8.A)Tofollowthecustomofthelocalshopkeepers.

B)Toattractmorecustomersintheneighborhood.

C)Toavoidbeingputoutofbusinessincompetition.

D)Tomaintainfriendlyrelationshipswithothershops.

SectionB

Directions:Inthisction,ndofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfour

ouhearaquestion,youmustchoo

thebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswer

Sheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions9to12arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

9.A)Theycanbeudtodelivermessagesintimesofemergency.

B)Theydeliverpollutantsfromtheoceantotheirnestingsites.

C)Theycarryplantedsandspreadthemtofarawayplaces.

D)Theyareonthevergeofextinctionbecauofpollution.

10.A)TheymigratetotheArcticCircleduringthesummer.

B)TheyoriginatefromDevonIslandintheArcticarea.

C)Theytravelasfaras400kilometersinarchoffood.

D)Theyhavetheabilitytosurviveinextremeweathers.

11.A)Theywerecarriedbythewind.B)Theyhadbecomemorepoisonous.

C)Theywerelessthanonthecontinent.D)Theypoisonedsomeofthefulmars.

12.A)ThethreatshumanspotoArcticabirds,

B)ThediminishingcoloniesforArcticabirds.

C)TheharmArcticabirdsmaycautohumans.

D)TheeffectsofthechangingclimateonArcticabirds.

Questions13to15arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

13.A)Ithasdecread.B)Ithasbeenexaggerated.

C)Ithasbecomebetterunderstood.D)Ithasremainedbasicallythesame.

14.A)Itdevelopsmoreeasilyincentenariansnotactivelyengaged.

B)Itisnowthecondleadingcauofdeathforcentenarians.

C)Ithashadnoeffectivecuresofar.

D)Itcallsformoreintensiverearch.

15.A)Theycaremoreabouttheirphysicalhealth.

B)Theirqualityoflifedeterioratesrapidly.

C)Theirmindsfallbeforetheirbodiesdo.

D)Theycherishtheirlifemorethanever.

SectionC

Directions:Inthisction,youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.

ouhearaquestion,youmustchoothebestanswerfromthefour

choicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethrough

thecentre.

Questions16to18arebadontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

16.A)Theyarefocudmoreonattractionthanlove.

B)TheyweredonebyhisformercolleagueatYale.

C)Theywerecarriedoutoveraperiodofsomethirtyyears.

D)Theyformthebasisonwhichhebuildshistheoryoflove.

17.A)Therelationshipcannotlastlongifnopassionisinvolved.

B)Intimacyisntialbutnotabsolutelyindispensabletolove.

C)Itisnotloveifyoudon’twishtomaintaintherelationship.

D)Romanceisjustimpossiblewithoutmutualunderstanding.

18.A)Whichofthemisconsideredmostimportant.

B)Whetheritistruelovewithoutcommitment.

C)Whentheabnceofanyonedoesn’taffecttherelationship.

D)Howtherelationshipistobedefinedifanyoneismissing.

Questions19to22arebadontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

19.A)Socialworkasaprofession.

B)Thehistoryofsocialwork.

C)Academicdegreesrequiredofsocialworkapplicants.

D)TheaimoftheNationalAssociationofSocialWorkers.

20.A)Theytrytochangepeople’ssocialbehavior.

B)Theyhelpenhancethewell-beingoftheunderprivileged.

C)Theyraipeople’sawarenessoftheenvironment.

D)Theycreatealotofopportunitiesfortheunemployed.

21.A)Theyhaveallreceivedstrictclinicaltraining.

B)Theyallhaveanacademicdegreeinsocialwork.

C)TheyareallmembersoftheNationalAssociation.

D)Theyhaveallmadeadifferencethroughtheirwork.

22.A)Thepromotionofsocialworkers’socialstatus.

B)Theimportanceoftrainingforsocialworkers.

C)Waysforsocialworkerstomeetpeople’sneeds.

D)Socialworkers’joboptionsandresponsibilities.

Questions23to25arebadontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

23.A)Tofightchildhoodobesity.B)Tohelpdisadvantagedkids.

C)Toencouragekidstoplaymoresports.D)Tourgekidstofollowtheirrolemodels.

24.A)Theybestboostproductsaleswhenputonline.

B)TheyaremosteffectivewhenappearingonTV.

C)Theyarebecomingmoreandmoreprevalent.

D)Theyimpresskidsmorethantheydoadults.

25.A)Alwaysplacekids’interestfirst.

B)Dowhattheyadvocateinpublic.

C)Messagepositivebehaviorsatalltimes.

D)Payattentiontotheirimagebeforechildren.

PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthisction,requiredtolectonewordforeachblank

epassagethroughcarefullybefore

markthecorrespondingletterfor

notuanyofthewordsinthebank

morethanonce.

Questions26to35arebadonthefollowingpassage.

realtrees,it’sharderto

ethey’reliterallyrootedintotheground,theyareunabletoleaveandgo26.

Whenatreefirststartsgrowinginacertainarea,it’slikelythatthe27envelope-thetemperature,

humidity,i,t

28,theconditionsmaychangeandtheareaarounditmaynolongerbesuitableforits29.

Whenthathappens,manytreeslikewalnuts,oaks,andpines,rely30onso-called―scatterhoarders,‖such

asbirds,rdsliketostorefoodforthewinter,whichthey31

retrieve.

Whenthebirdsforgett

birdClark’snutcracker,forexample,hidesupto100,000edsperyear,upto30kilometersawayfromtheed

source,andhasaveryclosymbiotic(共生的)relationshipwithveralpinespecies,most32thewhitepine.

Astreesoutgrowtheirideal33inthefaceofclimatechange,theflyingecosystemngineerscouldbea

’sasolutionforus-gettingbirdstodotheworkischeapandeffective-anditcould

give35oaksandpinestheoptiontotruly―makelikeatreeandleave.‖

A)agesF)foreverK)offspring

B)breathingG)fruitfulL)replanting

C)climaticH)habitatsM)subquently

D)elwhereI)legacyN)vulnerable

E)exclusivelyJ)notablyO)withdraws

SectionB

Directions:Inthisction,atement

fytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.

thequestionsby

markingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.

’sHowWeCanStartFixingIt.

[A]Americansareworkinglongerandharderhoursthaneverbefore.83%ofworkerssay

they’restresdabouttheirjobs,nearly50%saywork-relatedstressisinterferingwiththeirsleep,and60%u

eronly13%ofemployees

worldwidefeelengagedintheiroccupation.

[B]Glimmers(少许)ofhope,however,arebeginningtoemergeinthisbruisingenvironment:Americansare

becomingawareofthetolltheirjobstakeonthem,andemployersareexploringwaystoalleviatetheharmful

stressanepidemicisn’t

83%ofAmericanemployeeswhoarestresdabouttheirjobs-upfrom73%justayearbefore-

saythatpoorcompensou

suspectedthattheworkplacehadgottenmorestressfulthanitwasjustafewdecadesago,you’levels

incread18%forwomenand24%isalsostartingearlierinlife,withsomedata

suggestingthattoday’steensareevenmorestresdthanadults.

[C]Stressistakingasignificanttollonourhealth,andthecollectivepublichealthcostmaybeenormous.

Occupationalstressincreastheriskofheartattackanddiabetes,acceleratestheagingprocess,decreas

longevity,andcontributestodepressionandanxiety,l,

stress-relatedhealthproblemsaccountforupto90%ofhospitalvisits,bis

―literallykillingyou,‖’gparentssaythey

feelstresd,tired,rushedandshortonqualitytimewiththeirchildren,friendsandpartners.

[D]nology(andwithit,workemails)

eps(渗入)intoeveryaspectofourlives,

rapidlychangingeconomyandanuncertainfuturetothis24/7connectivity,andyou’vegotarecipeforoverwork,

accordingtoPhyllisMoen.―There’srisingworkdemandcoupledwiththeincurityofmergers,takeovers,

downsizingandotherfactors,‖Moensaid.―Partofthework-lifeissuehastotalkaboutuncertaintyaboutthe

future.‖

[E]Thefactorshaveconvergedtocreateanincreasinglyimpossiblesituationwithmanyemployeesoverworking

’snotonlyunsustainableforworkers,butalsoforthecompaniesthatemploythem.

Sciencehasshownaclearcorrelationbetweenhighstresslevelsinworkersandabnteeism(旷工),reduced

productivity,yworkplacepolicieffectivelyprohibitemployeesfrom

developingahealthywork-lifebalancebybarringthemfromtakingtimeoff,evenwhentheyneeditmost.

[F]farbehindeverywealthynationandmanydevelopingonesthathavefamily-friendlywork

policiesincludingpaidparentalleave,paidsickdaysandbreast-feedingsupport,.

theonlyadvancedeconomythatdoesnotguaranteeworkerspaidvacationtime,andit’soneofonlytwo

nwhenemployeesaregivenpaid

timeoff,workplacenormsandexpectationsthatpressurethemtooverworkoftenpreventthemfromtakingit.

Fulltimeemployeeswhodohavepaidvacationdaysonlyuhalfofthemonaverage.

[G]cticeofclockinginforan

eight-hourworkdayisaleftoverfromthedaysoftheIndustrialRevolution,asreflectedinthethen-popularsaying,

―Eighthourslabor,eighthoursrecreation,eighthoursrest.‖

[H]We’veheldontothisworkdaystructure-butthankstoourdigitaldevices,manyemployeesneverreallyclock

,theaverageAmericanspends8.8hoursatworkdaily,andthemajorityofworkingprofessionalsspend

additionalhourscheckinginwithworkduringevenings,blemisn’tthe

technologyitlf,butthatthetechnologyisbeingudtocreatemoreflexibilityfortheemployerratherthanthe

petitiveworkenvironment,employersareabletoutechnologytodemandmorefromtheir

employeesratherthanmotivatingworkerswithflexibilitythatbenefitsthem.

[I]Inastudypublishedlastyear,psychologistscoinedtheterm―workplacetelepressure‖todescribeanemployee’s

urgetoimmediatelyrespondtoemailsandengageinobssivethoughtsaboutreturninganemailtoone’sboss,

earchersfoundthattelepressureisamajorcauofstressatwork,whichovertime

300employeesparticipatinginthestudy,thowhoexperienced

highlevelsoftelepressureweremorelikelytoagreewithstatementsasssingburnout,like―I’venoenergyfor

goingtoworkinthemorning,‖essurewasalsocorrelatedwith

sleepingpoorlyandmissingwork.

[J]HarvardBusinessSchoolprofessorLesliePerlowexplainsthatwhenpeoplefeelthepressuretobealways―on,‖

theyfmdwaystoaccommodatethatpressure,includingalteringtheirschedules,workhabitsandinteractionswith

callsthisviciouscyclethe―cycleofresponsiveness‖:Oncebossandcolleagues

experienceanemployee’sincreadresponsiveness,theyincreatheirdemandsontheemployee’

becauafailuretoaccepttheincreaddemandsindicatesalackofcommitmenttoone’swork,theemployee

complies.

[K]Toaddressskyrocketingemployeestresslevels,manycompanieshaveimplementedworkplacewellness

programs,partneringwithhealthcareprovidersthathavecreatedprogramstopromoteemployeehealthand

ofemployeesathealth

insuranceproviderAetnarevealedthatroughlyonequarterofthotakingin-officeyogaandmindfulnessclass

reporteda28%reductionintheirstresslevelsanda20%ess-stresdworkers

ogaandmeditation(静思)arescientifically

proventoreducestresslevels,thes

conditionscreatingthestressarelonghours,unrealisticdemandsanddeadlines,andwork-lifeconflict.

[L]2011study,sheinvestigatedtheeffectsof

implementingaResultsOnlyWorkEnvironment(ROWE)ontheproductivityandwell-beingofemployeesatBest

Buy’scorporateheadquarters.

[M]Forthestudy,325employeesspentsixmonthstakingpartinROWE,whileacontrolgroupof334employees

Eparticipantswereallowedtofreelydeterminewhen,whereand

ix

months,theemployeeswhoparticipatedinROWEreportedreducedwork-familyconflictandabetternof

controloftheirtime,loyeeswerelesslikelyto

leavetheirjobs,’simportanttonotethattheincreadflexibilitydidn’tencourage

themtoworkaroundtheclock.―Theydidn’tworkanywhereandallthetime-theywerebetterabletomanagetheir

work,‖Moensaid.―Flexibilityandcontroliskey,‖shecontinued.

acenormspressureemployeestooverwork,deterringthemfromtakingpaidtimeoff.

rwhelmingmajorityofemployeesattributetheirstressmainlytolowpayandanexcessiveworkload.

ingtoMoen,flexibilitygivemployeesbettercontrolovertheirworkandtime.

ilityresultingfromtheuofdigitaldevicesbenefitmployersinsteadofemployees.

chfindsthatifemployeessufferfromhighstress,theywillbelessmotivated,lessproductiveandmore

likelytoquit.

-officewellnessprogramsmayhelpreducestresslevels,buttheyarehardlyanultimatesolutiontothe

problem.

problemscaudbystressintheworkplaceresultinhugepublichealthexpens.

oyeesrespondquicklytotheirjobassignments,theemployerislikelytodemandmorefromthem.

chnologyeverywhereinourlife,ithasbecomevirtuallyimpossibleformostworkerstokeepabalance

betweenworkandlife.

icatoday,eventeenagerssufferfromstress,andtheirproblemivenmoreriousthangrown-ups’.

SectionC

Directions:ssageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinished

hofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice

andmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions46to50arebadonthefollowingpassage.

SadowayatMITstartedhisownbatterycompanywiththehopeofchangingtheworld’nergy

’sadramaticendormentforatechnologymostpeoplethinkaboutonlywhentheirsmartphonegoesdark.

ButSadowayisn’taloneintrumpetingenergystorageasamissinglinktoacleaner,moreefficient,andmore

equitableenergyfuture.

Scientistsandeedbatteries

aremovingoutofspecializedmarketsandcreepingintothemainstream,signalingatippingpointfor

forward-lookingtechnologiessuchalectriccarsandrooftopsolarpropels.

Theubiquitous(无所不在的)batteryhasalreadycomealongway,terorwor,batteries

makepossibleourmobile-firstlifestyles,ourscreenculture,,asimpressive

asallthisis,alreadyenabledacommunications

revolution,thebatteryisnowpoidtotransformjustabouteverythingel.

Thewirelessageixpandingtoincludenotjustourphones,tablets,andlaptops,butalsoourcars,homes,

gingeconomies,ruralcommunitiesarebypassingthewiresandwooden

d,someinAfricaandAsiaareeingtheirfirstlightbulbsilluminatedbythepower

ofsunlightstoredinbatteries.

Today,energystorageisa$33billionglobalindustrythatgeneratesnearly100gigawatt-hoursofelectricity

ndofthedecade,it’xpectedtobeworthover$50billionandgenerate160gigawatt-hours,

enoughtoattracttheattentionofmajorcompaniesthatmightnototherwibeinterestedinadecidedlypedestrian

ilitycompanies,whichhavelongViewedbatteriesandalternativeformsofenergyasathreat,

arelearningtoembracethetechnologiesanablingratherthandisrupting.

Today’ookstoexpandmodernenergyaccesstothebillionorso

peoplewithoutit,imultaneouschallengesappearless

overwhelmingwithincreasinglybetteranswerstoacenturies-oldquestion:howtomakepowerportable.

Tobesure,thebatterystillhasalongwaytogobeforethenightlyrechargecompletelyreplacestheweekly

ry-poweredworldcomeswithitsownrisks,ppenstothecentralized

electricgrid,whichtookdecadesandbillionsofdollarstobuild,asmoreandmorepeoplebecome―prosumers,‖

whoproduceandconsumetheirownenergyonsite?

Nooneknowswhich-ifany-batterytechnologywillultimatelydominate,

futureofenergyisinhowwestoreit.

ythinkofenergystorage?

A)Itinvolvestheapplicationofsophisticatedtechnology.

B)Itisthedirectionenergydevelopmentshouldfollow.

C)Itwillprovetobeaprofitablebusiness.

D)Itisatechnologybenefitingeveryone.

mostlikelytohappenwhenadvancedbatteriesbecomewidelyud?

A)Mobile-firstlifestyleswillbecomepopular.

B)Theglobalizationprocesswillbeaccelerated.

C)Communicationswilltakemorediverforms.

D)Theworldwillundergorevolutionarychanges.

ruralcommunitiesofemergingeconomies,peoplehavebegunto___________.

A)finddigitaldevicessimplyindispensable

B)communicateprimarilybymobilephone

C)lighttheirhomeswithstoredsolarenergy

D)distributepowerwithwiresandwoodenpoles

ycompanieshavebeguntorealizethatbatterytechnologies___________.

A)benefittheirbusinessB)transmitpowerfaster

C)promoteinnovationD)encouragecompetition

estheauthorimplyaboutthecentralizedelectricgrid?

A)Itmightbecomeathingofthepast.

B)Itmightturnouttobea―prosumer‖.

C)Itwillbeeasiertooperateandmaintain.

D)Itwillhavetobecompletelytransformed.

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebadonthefollowingpassage.

Morethan100yearsago,wasconcernedthatracewasbeingudasa

biologicalexplanationforwhatheunderstoodtobesocialandculturaldifferencesbetweendifferentpopulationsof

eoutagainsttheideaof―white‖and―black‖asdistinctgroups,claimingthatthedistinctions

ignoredthescopeofhumandiversity.

,themainstreambeliefamongscientistsisthatraceisasocialconstruct

ticlepublishedinthejournalScience,fourscholarssayracialcategoriesneed

tobephadout.

―Esntially,Icouldnotagreemorewiththeauthors,‖saidSvantePaabo,abiologistanddirectoroftheMax

xamplethatdemonstratedgeneticdifferences

werenotfixedalongraciallines,thefullgenomes(基因组)ofJamesWatsonandCraigVenter,twofamous

AmericanscientistsofEuropeanancestry,werecomparedtothatofaKoreanscientist,ed

outthatWatsonandVentersharedfewervariationsintheirgeneticquencesthantheyeachsharedwithKim.

MichaelYudell,aprofessorofpublichealthatDrexelUniversityinPhiladelphia,saidthatmodemgenetics

rearchisoperatinginaparadox:ontheonehand,raceisunderstoodtobeaufultooltoilluminatehuman

geneticdiversity,butontheotherhand,raceisalsounderstoodtobeapoorlydefinedmarkerofthatdiversity.

Assumptionsaboutgeneticdifferencesbetweenpeopleofdifferentracescouldbeparticularlydangerousina

medicaltting.―Ifyoumakeclinicalpredictionsbadonsomebody’srace,you’regoingtobewrongagood

chunkofthetime,‖aper,heandhiscolleaguesudtheexampleofcysticfibrosis,

whichisunderdiagnodinpeopleofAfricanancestrybecauitisthoughtofasa―white‖dia.

Sowhatothervariablescouldbeudiftheracialconceptisthrownout?Yudellsaidscientistsneedtoget

morespecificwiththeirlanguage,perhapsusingtermslike―ancestry‖or―population‖thatmightmoreprecily

reflecttherelationshipbetweenhumansandtheirgenes,

rearchersalsoacknowledgedthatthereareafewareaswhereraceasaconstructmightstillbeufulinscientific

rearch:asapoliticalandsocial,butnotbiological,variable.

―Whilewearguephasingoutracialterminology(术语)inthebiologicalsciences,wealsoacknowledgethat

usingraceasapoliticalorsocialcategorytostudyracism,althoughfilledwithlotsofchallenges,remains

necessarygivenourneedtounderstandhowstructuralinequitiesanddiscriminationproducehealthdisparities(差

异)betweengroups.‖Yudellsaid.

wasoppodtotheuofraceas________.

A)abasisforexplaininghumangeneticdiversity

B)anaidtounderstandingdifferentpopulations

C)anexplanationforsocialandculturaldifferences

D)atermtodescribeindividualhumancharacteristics

dybySvantePaaborvedasanexampletoshow________.

A)moderngeneticsrearchislikelytofuelracialconflicts

B)raceisapoorlydefinedmarkerofhumangeneticdiversity

C)raceasabiologicaltermcanexplainhumangeneticdiversity

D)geneticsrearchshouldconsidersocialandculturalvariables

mpleofthediacysticfibrosisunderdiagnodinpeopleofAfricanancestrydemonstratesthat

________.

A)itisabsolutelynecessarytoputraceasideinmakingdiagnosis

B)itisimportanttoincludesocialvariablesingeneticsrearch

C)racialcategoriesforgeneticdiversitycouldleadtowrongclinicalpredictions

D)discriminationagainstblackpeoplemaycaunegligenceinclinicaltreatment

Yudell’ssuggestiontoscientists?

A)Theybemorepreciwiththelanguagetheyu.

B)Theyrefrainfromusingpoliticallynsitiveterms.

C)Theythrowoutirrelevantconceptsintheirrearch.

D)Theyexamineallpossiblevariablesintheirrearch.

nbeinferredfromYudell’sremarkinthelastparagraph?

A)Clingingtoracismprolongsinequityanddiscrimination.

B)Physiologicaldisparitiesarequitestrikingamongraces.

C)Doingawaywithracialdiscriminationischallenging.

D)Racialtermsarestillufulincertainfieldsofstudy.

PartⅣTranslation(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,uld

writeyouransweronAnswerSheet2.

随着中国经济的蓬勃发展，学汉语的人数迅速增加，使汉语成了世界上人们最爱学的语言之一。近年

来，中国大学在国际上的排名也有了明显的提高。由于中国教育的巨大进步，中国成为最受海外学生欢迎

的留学目的地之一就不足为奇了。2015年，近四十万国际学生蜂拥来到中国学习。他们学习的科目已不再

限于中国语言和文化，而包括科学与工程。在全球教育市场上，美国和英国仍占主导地位，但中国正在迅

速赶上。

2016年12月大学英语六级考试真题(第3套)

PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,sayshouldinclude

therequiredtowriteatleast

150wordsbutnomorethan200words.

听力同第二套

PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthisction,requiredtolectoutonewordforeach

epassagethroughcarefullybefore

markthecorrespondingletterfor

notuanyofthewordsinthebank

morethanonce.

Smallcommunities,withtheirdistinctivecharacter—wherelifeisstableandintenlyhuman—are

ve__26____fromthefaceoftheearth,othersaredyingslowly,butallhave___27___

changesastheyhavecomeintocontactwithan___28___gingofdiverpeoples

intoacommonmasshasproducedtensionamongmembersoftheminoritiesandthemajorityalike.

TheOldOrderAmish,whoarrivedonAmericanshoresincolonialtimes,have___29___inthemodernworld

indistinctive,veresistedthehomogenization___30___moresuccessfullythanothers.

Inplantingandharvesttimesonecanetheirbeardedmenworkingthefieldswithhorsandtheirwomen

ericanpeoplehaveenAmishfamilieswiththemen

wearingbroad-brimmedblackhatsandthewomeninlongdressinrailwayorbus___31___.AlthoughtheAmish

havelivedwith___32___Americaforovertwoandahalfcenturies,theyhavemoderateditsinfluenceontheir

personallives,theirfamilies,communities,andtheirvalues.

TheAmishareoften___33___byotherAmericanstoberelicsofthepastwholiveasimple,inflexiblelife

eenasabandoningbothmodem___34___andthe

Americandreamofsuccessandprogress,butmostpeoplehavenoquarrelwiththeAmishfordoingthingsthe

erall,Theyaregoodfarmers

who___35___thevirtuesofworkandthrift.

A)accessingF)perceivedK)survived

B)conveniencesG)practiceL)terminals

C)destinedH)processM)undergone

D)expandingI)progressN)universal

E)industrializedJ)respectiveO)vanished

SectionB

Directions:Inthisction,atement

fytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.

thequestionsby

markingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.

CountriesRushforUpperHandinAntarctica

[A]Onaglacier-filledislandwithfjords(峡湾)andelephantals,RussiahasbuiltAntarctica’sfirstOrthodox

ananhourawaybysnowmobile,Chinelaborershave

updatedtheGreatWallStation,avitalpartofChina’splantooperatefivebassonAntarctica,completewithan

eoutdone,India’sfuturisticnewBharathi

ba,builtonstills(桩子)using134interlockingshippingcontainers,andIranhave

announcedplanstobuildbas,too.

[B]Morethanacenturyhaspasdsinceexplorersracedtoplanttheirflagsatthebottomoftheworld,andfor

decadestocomethiscontinentissuppodtobeprotectedasascientificprerve,shieldedfromintrusionslike

rrayofcountriesarerushingtoasrtgreaterinfluencehere,withaneyenot

justtowardsthedaythoprotectivetreatiexpire,butalsoforthestrategicandcommercialthatalreadyexist.

[C]Thenewtheventures

focusontheAntarcticresourcesthatarealreadyupforgrabs,orea,whichoperates

state-of–the-artbashere,isincreasingitsfishingofkrill(磷虾)，foundinabundanceintheSouthernOcean,

whileRussiarecentlyfrustratedeffortstocreateoneoftheworld’slargestoceansanctuarieshere.

[D]SomescientistsareexaminingthepotentialforharvestingicebergsformAntarctica,whichistimatedtohave

sarealsopressingaheadwithspacerearchandsatellite

projectstoexpandtheirglobalnavigationabilities.

[E]BuildingonaSoviet-erafoothold,RussiaixpandingitsmonitoringstationsforGlonass,itsversionofthe

GlobalPositioningSystem(GPS).AtleastthreeRussianstationsarealreadyoperatinginAntarctica,partofits

efforttochallengethedominanceoftheAmericanGPS,andnewstationsareplannedforsitesliketheRussianba,

intheshadowoftheOrthodoxChurchoftheHolyTrinity.

[F]ElwhereinAntarctica,Russianrearchersboastoftheirrecentdiscoveryofafreshwaterrervethesizeof

LakeOntarioafterdrillingthroughmilesofsolidice.―Youcanethatwe’reheretostay,‖saidVladimir

Cheberdak,57,chiefoftheBellingshaunStation,ashesippedteaunderaportraitofFabianGottliebvon

Bellingshaun,ahigh-rankingofficerintheImperialRussianNavywhoexploredtheAntarcticcoastin1820.

[G]Antarctica’smineral,atybanningmininghere,shielding

coveted(令人垂诞的)rervesofironore,coalandchromium,chersrecently

foundkimberlite(金伯利岩)leasssmentsvarywidely,

geologiststimatethatAntarcticaholdsatleast36billionbarrelsofoilandnaturalgas.

[H]BeyondtheAntarctictreaties,hugeobstaclespersisttotappingtheresources,likedriftingicebergsthatcould

ereisAntarctic’sremoteness,withsomemineraldepositsfoundin

windsweptlocationsonacontinentthatislargertheEuropeandwherewintertemperatureshoveraroundminus55

degreesCelsius.

[I]Butadvancesintecn

beforethen,scholarswarn,thedemandforresourcesinanenergy-hungryworldcouldraipressuretorenegotiate

Antarctica’streaties,possiblyallowingmorecommercialendeavorsherewellbeforetheprohibitionsagainstthem

earchstationsonKingGeorgeIslandofferaglimpintothelonggameonthisice-blanketed

continentasnationsasrtthemlves,erodingtheswaylongheldbycountriesliketheUnitedStates,Britain,

AustraliaandNewZealand.

[J]BeingstationedinAntarcticainvolvesadaptingtolifeontheplanet’sdriest,windiestandcoldestcontinent,yet

dRussianpriestsofferregularrvicesattheOrthodoxchurch

forthe16orsoRussianspeakerswhospendthewinterattheba,largelypolarscientistsinfieldslikeglaciology

asarguablythefastest

editsfourthstationlastyearandispressingaheadwithplanstobuilda

ildingitscondice-breakingshipandttinguprearchdrillingoperationsonanicedome13,422

feetabovealevelthatisonetheplanet’eofficialssaytheexpansioninAntarctica

yalsoacknowledgethatconcernsabout―resourcecurity‖influencetheir

moves.

[K]China’snewlyrenovatedGreatWallStationonKingGeorgeIslandmakestheRussianandChileanbashere

emoutdated.‖Wedoweathermonitoringhereandotherrearch.‖NingXu,53,thechiefoftheChineba,

saidoverteaduringafierceblizzard(暴风雪)gebaheleadsremblesasnowed-in

collegecampusonholidaybreak,withthecapacitytosleepmorethan10timesthe13peoplewhowerestayingon

,aChinemicrobiologist,showedoffthespaciousbuilding,withempty

desksunderanillustratedtimelinedetailingtherapidgrowthofChina’sAntarcticoperationssincethe1980s―We

nowfeelequippedtogrow,‖hesaid.

[L]AssomecountriexpandoperationsinAntarctica,theUnitedStatesmaintainsthreeyear-roundstationsonthe

continentwithmorethan1,000peopleduringthesouthernhemisphere’ssummer,includingthoattheAmundn

Scottstation,builtin1956atanelevationof9,earchersquietly

complainaboutbudgetrestraintsandhavingfarfewericebreakerstheRussia,limitingthereachoftheUnited

StatesinAntarctica.

[M]ScholarswarnthatAntarctica’spoliticaldriftcouldblurthedistinctionbetweenmilitaryandcivilianactivities

longbeforethecontinent’streatiescomeupforrenegotiation,especiallyinpartsofAntarcticathatareidealfor

intercepting(拦截)signalsfromsatellitesorretaskingsatellitesystems,potentiallyenhancingglobalelectronic

intelligenceoperations.

[N]Somecountrieshavehadahardtimehere,Brazilopenedarearchstationin1984,butitwaslargely

destroyedbyafirethatkilledtwomembersofthenavyin2012,thesameyearthatadiel-ladenBrazilianbarge

atwerenotenough,aBrazilianC-130Herculesmilitarytransportplanehasremained

strandedneartherunwayofChile’sairbaheresinceitcrash-landedin2014.

[O]However,Brazil’sstretchofmisfortunehascreatedopportunitiesforChina,withaChinecompanywinning

the$100millioncontractin2015torebuildtheBrazilianstation.

[P]Amidallthechanges,oreaopeneditscondAntarcticrearchbain

2014,describingitasawayto

Russia’shelp,iasaidthisyearthatitplannedtojoin

otherSouthAmericannationswithbasinAntarctica.

[Q]―TheolddaysoftheAntarcticbeingdominatedbytheinterestsandwishesofwhitemenfromEuropean,

AustralasianandNorthAmericanstatesareover.‖SaidKlausDodds,apoliticsscholarattheUniversityofLondon

whospecializesinAntarctica.―TherealityisthatAntarcticaisgeopoliticallycontested.‖

ingtoChineofficials,theiractivitiesinAntarcticalaygreateremphasisonscientificrearch.

stocreateoneoftheworld’slargestoceansanctuariesfailedbecauofRussia’sobstruction.

veralmonitoringstationsoperatinginAntarctica,RussiaistryinghardtocounterAmerica’sdominance

inthefieldofworldwidenavigationalfacilities.

ingtogeologists’ticahanormousrervesofoilandnaturalgas.

timatedthatAntarcticaboastsoftherichestrervesoffreshwateronearth.

andforenergyresourcesmaycompelrenegotiationofAntarctica’streatiesbeforetheirexpiration.

untriesareracingagainsteachothertoincreatheirbusinessandstrategicinfluenceonAntarctica.

tica’sharshnaturalconditionsconstitutehugeobstaclestotheexploitationofitsresources.

mpetitionfrommanycountries,Antarcticaisnolongerdominatedbythetraditionalwhitenations.

anscientistscomplainaboutlackofsufficientmoneyandequipmentfortheirexpansioninAntarctica.

SectionC

Directions:ssageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinished

hofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice

andmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions46to50arebadonthefollowingpassage.

Anyveterannicotineaddictwil,

itisargued,strippingcartonsoftheirbrandingwilltriggernomassmovementtoquit.

Butthatisn’twhythegovernment—underpressurefromcancercharities,healthworkersandtheLabour

party—oryisthatsmokingshouldbestrippedofany

ackagingwouldbeanotherstepinthe

reclassificationofcigarettesfrominvitingconsumerproductstonarcotics(麻醉剂).

Naturally,nesslikestoadmitthatitllsaddictivepoisonas

whygovernmenthashistoricallyintervened,banningadvertising,imposinghealth

warningsandpunitive(惩罚性的)proachhasledovertimetoafallinsmokingwithnumbershaving

cefromAustraliasuggestsplainpackagingpushessocietyfurtheralongthat

obaccoasoneofthebiggestcausofprematuredeathintheUK,ameasurethattamesthehabiteven

byafractionisworthtrying.

Sowhyhasittakensolong?TheDepartmentofHealthdeclareditsintentiontoconsiderthemovein

otescapenoticethat

alobbyingfirmtupbyLyntonCrosby,DavidCameron’lectioncampaigndirector,hadpreviouslyactedfor

PhilipMorrisInternational.(Theprimeministerdeniedtherewasaconnectionbetweenhisnewsadvir’soutside

interestsandthechangeinlegislativeprogram.)InNovember2013,afteranunnecessaryroundofadditional

consultation,healtretold

MembersofParliament(MPs)willhaveafreevoicebeforeparliamentisdissolvedinMarch.

Parliamed

overwhelminglyinfavorofLaboramendmentstothechildrenandfamiliesbilllastFebruarythatincludedthe

fficientwillinDowningStreetthiswouldhavebeendonealready.

itudeto

stateinterventionhaslookedconfudeversincehisbizarre2006lament(叹息)thatchocolateorangesplaced

ductivelyatsupermarketcheck-outsfueledobesity.

Thegovernmenthasmovedreluctantlyintoansiblepublichealthpolicy,butwithsuchobvious

otsustainedexternalpressureit

nwouldstillbehookedontheinterestsofbigtobaccocompanies.

chainsmokersthinkofcigarettepackaging?

A)Fancypackagingcanhelptoengagenewsmokers.

B)Ithaslittletodowiththequalityortasteofcigarettes.

C)Plainpackagingdiscouragesnon-smokersfromtakingupsmoking.

D)Ithaslittleimpactontheirdecisionwhetherornottoquitsmoking.

stheUKgovernmentagreedtodoconcerningtobaccopackaging?

A)Passalawtostandardizecigarettepackaging.

B)Ridcigarettecartonsofalladvertiments.

C)Subsidiescompaniestoadoptplainpackaging.

D)Reclassifycigarettesaccordingtopackaging.

shappenedinAustraliawhereplainpackagingisimplemented?

A)Prematuredeathratesresultingfromsmokinghavedeclined.

B)ThenumberofsmokershasdroppedmoresharplythanintheUK.

C)Thesalesoftobaccosubstituteshaveincreadconsiderably.

D)CigarettesaleshavebeenfallingfarmorequicklythanintheUK.

akensolongfortheUKgovernmenttoconsiderplainpackaging?

A)PrimeMinisterCameronhasbeenreluctanttotakeaction.

B)Thereisstrongoppositionfromveterannicotineaddicts.

C)ManyMembersofParliamentareaddictedtosmoking.

D)Pressurefromtobaccomanufacturersremainsstrong.

dCameronsayaboutchocolateorangesatsupermarketcheckouts?

A)Theyfueledalotofcontroversy.B)TheymademoreBritishpeopleobe.

C)Theyattractedalotofsmokers.D)Theyhadcertainingredientsmissing.

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebadonthefollowingpassage.

Whatawasteofmoney!Inreturnforanaverageof£44,000ofdebt,studentsgetanaverageofonly14hoursof

feeshaverinfrom£1,000to$9,

duatingdoesn’tevenprovideanyguaranteeofadecentjob:

sixintengraduatestodayareinnon-graduatejobs.

Nowonderithasbecomefashionabletodenouncemanyuniversitiesaslittlemorethatelaboratecom-tricks

(骗术).There’salotforstudentstocomplainabouttherepaymentthresholdforpayingbackloanswillbefrozen

forfiveyears,meaningthatlower-paidgradualshavetostartrepayingtheirloans,andmaintenancegrantshave

beenreplacedbyloansmeaningthatstudentsfrompoorerbackgroundsfacehigherdebtthanthowithwealthier

parents.

gtouniversitydoesn’tworkout,studentspayverylittle—ifany—of

theirtuitionfeesback,youonlystartrepayingwhenyouareearning£21,halfof

graduates—thowhogoontoearnless—’snotjustthelecturesand

ionisthesumofwhatstudentsteacheachotherinbetweenlecturesand

tsdonotmerelybenefitwhileatuniversity,studiesshowtheygoontobehealthierandhappier

thannon-graduates,andalsofarmorelikelytovote.

Whateveryourtalents,itixtraordinarilydifficulttogetaleadingjobinmostfieldswithouthavingbeento

terscircleeliteuniversitieslikevultures(兀鹰).Manytopfirmswillnotevenlookatapplications

fromthowholacka2.1,i.e.,anupper-condclassdegree,tsatuniversityalso

meettholikelytobeinleadingjobsinthefuture,ghtnotberight,but

school-leaverswhofailtoacknowledgeasmuchriskmakingthewrongdecisionaboutgoingtouniversity.

Perhapsthereasonwhysomanyuniversitiesoffertheirstudentssolittleistheyknowstudyingatatop

universityremainsabrilliantinvestmentevenifyoudon’ngatuniversitywillonlybecome

lessattractiveifemployersshifttheirfocusawayfromwheresomeonewenttouniversity—andthereisnosignof

-leaversmaymoan,buttheyhavelittlechoicebuttoembraceuniversityand

thestudentdebtthatcomeswithit.

theauthor’sopinionofgoingtouniversity?

A)Itisworthwhileafterall.

B)Itissimplyawasteoftime.

C)Itishardtosaywhetheritisgoodorbad.

D)Itistooexpensiveformostyoungpeople.

estheauthorsayabouttheemploymentsituationofBritishuniversitygraduates?

A)Fewofthemaresatisfiedwiththejobstheyareoffered.

B)Itusuallytakesalongtimeforthemtofindadecentjob.

C)Graduatesfromeliteuniversitiesusuallycangetdecentjobs.

D)Mostofthemtakejobswhichdon’trequireacollegedegree.

estheauthorsayisimportantforuniversitystudentsbesidesclassroominstruction?

A)Makingsuretoobtainanupper-condclassdegree.

B)Practicalskillstheywillneedintheirfuturecareers.

C)Interactionsamongthemlvesoutsidetheclassroom.

D)Developingindependentandcreativethinkingabilities.

saidtobeanadvantageofgoingtouniversity?

A)Learninghowtotakerisksinanever-changingworld.

B)Meetingpeoplewhowillbehelpfultoyouinthefuture.

C)Havingopportunitiesofplayingaleadingroleinsociety.

D)Gainingup-to-dateknowledgeinscienceandtechnology.

nweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A)Itisnaturalforstudentstomakecomplaintsaboutuniversityeducation.

B)Fewstudentsarewillingtobeartheburdenofdebtincurredatuniversity.

C)Universityeducationisbecomingattractivetostudentswhocanaffordit.

D)Theprestigeoftheuniversityinfluencemployers’recruitmentdecisions.

PartIVTranslation(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,uld

writeyouransweronAnswerSheet2.

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虽然中国的农业用地仅占世界的百分之十，但为世界百分之二十的人提供了粮食。中国7700年开始种植

水稻。早在使用机械和化肥之前，勤劳和富有创造性的中国农民就已经采用各种各样的方法来增加农作物

产量。中国农业最近的发展是推进有机农业。有机农业可以同时服务于多种目的，包括食品安全，大众健

康和可持续发展。