科技英语

1/18

第八章科技

SECTIONI:英译中

2D(Twodimensionalgraphicsimagesandanimatedimages)平面

3D(Threedimensionalgraphicsimagesandanimatedimages)三维

3DRendering三维渲染

A

aerialtopdressing[]空中施肥

advancedtechnology先进技术

analogelectronictechnology[]模拟电子技术

animation[]n.动画片

AOL(AmericaOnline)美国在线

AppleCorporation苹果公司

artificialintelligence(AI)n.人工智能

[详析]Afieldofsciencethathasattemptedtoimprovecomputersbytryingto

incorporatecharacteristicsofhumanintelligence,suchastheabilityto

understandnaturallanguageandtoperformreasoningundercertainconditionsof

uncertainty.

artificiallife(ALorAlife)n.人工生命

[详析]Newdisciplinethatstudies"natural"lifebyattemptingtorecreate

biologicalphenomenafromscratchwithincomputersandother"artificial"media.

Alifecomplementsthetraditionalanalyticapproachoftraditionalbiologywith

asyntheticapproachinwhich,ratherthanstudyingbiologicalphenomenabytaking

apartlivingorganismstoehowtheywork,oneattemptstoputtogethersystems

(AmericanStandardCodeforInformation

Interchangecomputercharactert)美国信息交换标准码

2/18

ATM(AutomaticTellerMachines)自动柜员机

audiocardn.声卡

audioconferencen.音频会议;会议

B

Biotechnologyn.生物工程

ApplicationwhichinvolvesthedeliberatemanipulationoftheDNAmolecules,the

substancewithincellsthatcarriesthe"recipe"fortheorganismandisinherited

byoffspringfromparents.

B2BandB2C企业对企业〔商家对商家〕，及企业对消费者的电子商务

bandwidth[]带宽

barcodesn.条形码

[详析]Alternatestandardsformarkingproductsorotheritemsforreadingbylar

beams

BBS(BulletinBoardSystems)公告板系统，论坛

bookmarkn.电子书签

browrn.浏览器

bullettrainn.子弹头列车

C

cachememory[]n.高速缓冲存储器

callerIDdisplay来电显示

camcorder[]n.便携式摄像机

3/18

CDBurning光盘刻录

CDMA/TDMA码分多址(一种扩频多址数字式通信技术)

[详析]CodeDivisionMultipleAccessandTimeDivisionMultipleAccessdual-mode

cellulartelephonesthataidinthereceivingoffaxandcomputernetworkdataon

computersandPDAs.

CD-RWorCD-Rewritable可重刻

chatlinesorchatroomsn.聊天室

CPU(CentralProcessingUnit)n.中央处理器

cyberspace[]n.电脑空间

conductorn.导体

convectionn.对流

cortex[]n.大脑皮层

cryonics[]n.人体冷冻法

[详析]abranchofsciencethataimstodevelopreversiblesuspendedanimation.

cutting-edgen.优势；前沿，极其重要的状态或位置

D

databan.数据库

desktopvideoconferencing[]n.〔桌面〕视频会议

dial-upconnectionn.拨号连接

DigitalVideo(DV)/Camcordern.数码摄像机

distanceeducation(DE)n.远程教育

4/18

E,F

E–Learning(orWeb-badtraining)n.电子学习

encryption[]n.加密

firewalln.防火墙

Flash由macromedia公司推出的交互式矢量图和Web动画的标准

frontierscienceandtechnology科技开展前沿

FTP(FileTransferProtocoludfordownloadingfilesontheInternet)文件传

输协议

geneticengineeringn.遗传工程

[详析]theprocessoftransferringDNAfromoneorganismintoanotherthat

resultsinageneticmodification;theproductionofatransgenicorganism

H,I

hacker(phreaker)n.黑客，骇客

harddriven.硬盘驱动器

hemisphere[]n.大脑半球

highscientificandtechnologicalcontent科技含量高

homepagen.主页

insulator[]n.绝缘体

interactivetelevision(ITV)n.互动电视

IBM=InternationalBusinessMachinesCorporation美国国际商用机器公司

internetsurfing[]n.网上冲浪

internetn.互联网

5/18

intranet[]n.企业部互联网〔局域网〕

ISO(InternationalOrganizationforStandardization)国际标准化组织

J,K,L

joystick[](电脑游戏等)操纵杆

[详析]Aremotecontroldevicethatcanbeudinplaceofakeyboardoramou

cksarecommonly

udforcomputergamesandusuallyconnectthrougharialport.

jukebox[]n.自动点唱机

Kiosk[]n.多功能信息商亭

[详析]Amultimediadisplaysystemsuchasthoudinmarketingdisplaysat

conferencesandinstores

LCD(LiquidCrystalDisplay)液晶显示器

M

Mac(Macintosh)[]n.苹果机

maglevtrain(magneticlevitationtrain)[]n.磁悬浮

mannedspaceflightn.载人航天飞行

MD(minidisk)n.小型磁盘

MIDI(MusicalInstrumentDigitalInterface)n.迷笛，数码音乐

microcircuit[]n.微电路

modem[]n.‘猫’，调制解调器

multimedian.多媒体

[详析]Theabilitytocombineaudio,visual,andpossiblyothertypesofhardware

6/18

intoaprentation

molecularsciencen.分子科学

N

naturalsciencesn.自然科学

nerd[]n.不善社交、专心致志搞科研或精于科研的人；书呆子

[详析]Apersonwithnosocialskills,usuallyobsdwithscienceor

technology(geekismorecomputerspecific).Nerdsareknownfortheirpocket

protectors,tapedglass,rdsarealsogeeks,usingthe

netasasafescreentohidebehindwhilepracticingtheirsocialskills.

neuron[]n.神经元

newandhightechnologyindustriesn.高新技术产业

notebookcomputern.笔记本电脑

O,P

Omegapoint[]n.欧米伽点

[详析]apossiblefuturestatewhenintelligencecontrolstheunivertotally,

andtheamountofinformationprocesdandstoredgoesasymptoticallytowards

infinity.

P2P(PeertoPeerNetworking)n.对等网络

PC(PersonalComputer)n.个人电脑

PDA(PersonalDigitalAssistant)n.个人数字助理，掌上电脑

Pentium[]奔腾,Intel公司生产的CPU芯片

Plugandplay即插即用

Plug-inn.插件

7/18

PPP(PowerPointprentation)PowerPoint幻灯片讲座

plasticbeautyn.人造美女

plasticsurgeryn.整形手术

posthumann.后人类

[详析]lf-programming,lf-constituting,potentiallyimmortal,unlimited

individualsofunprecedentedphysical,intellectual,andpsychologicalpowers.

pudo-science[]n.伪科学

R,S

RAM(RandomAccessMemory)n.随机存贮器，存

remotecontrolv./n.遥控

robotics[]n.机器人技术

[详析]theengineeringfieldthatbuildsmachinewiththecognitiveabilities

necessarytointeractwiththereal,physicalworld.

rearchachievementsn.科技成果

rearchinstitutionsn.科研院所

mi-conductor[]n.半导体

soilandpasturemanagementn.土壤和草场管理

streamingmedian.流媒体

synchronous[]adj.同步

scannern.扫描仪

screencapturingn.截屏

archenginen.搜索引擎

8/18

T

technologicalinnovationn.科技创新

telecommunicationn.电迅

teleconference[]远程电信会议

[详析]Atelephonecommunicationinwhichmorethantwopeoplearesimultaneously

connectedsotheycanexchangeverbalcommentsasiftheywereinthesameroom

havingaface-to-faceconference.

touchscreenn.触摸屏

tabletcomputern.平板电脑

tissuen.(生物)组织

U

URL(UniformResourceLocator)互联网上的信息资源定位系统

ubiquitouscomputer[]n.无处不在的网络

[详析]alsoknownas"embodiedvirtuality".Computersthatareanintegral,

invisiblepartofpeople'waystheoppositeofvirtualreality,

inwhichtheurisabsorbedintothecomputationalworld.

virtualcommunity[]n.虚拟社区

[详析]acommunityofpersonsnotlocatedinclophysicalproximitybutforming

aculturalcommunityacrosscomputernetworks.

VR--virtualreality〔artificialreality〕n.虚拟现实

[详析],everything

youperceiveisgeneratedbyacomputerthatrespondstoyourmovementswithsights

andsoundsdesignedtomakeyouthinkyouareinanotherworld.

9/18

W

waterconrvancy[]水利

webcastingn.网络播送

[扩展]livewebcastingn.网络直播

WorldWideWeb万维网

SECTIONII:中译英

中国热门科技词汇

科学开展观conceptofscientificdevelopment

全民科学文化素质scientificandculturalqualitiesoftheentirepeople

开展科技scientificandtechnologicaladvancement

科教兴国revitalizeChinathroughscienceandeducation

农业技术agriculturaltechnology

[扩展]

白色农业whiteagriculture(microbiologicalagricultureandbiologicalcell

agriculture)

超级杂交水稻super-hybridrice

技术下乡spreadingtheapplicationofscienceandtechnologyinruralareas

节水农业water-savingagriculture

立体农业3-Dagriculture

10/18

农产品加工及转化theprocessingandcommercializationofagro-products

农业科技agro-science

农作物良种edsofhigh-qualitycrop

农作物新品种选育thelectionandbreedingofnewcrops

生态农业environmental-friendlyagriculture

无土栽培soil-lesscultivation

BP机,传呼beeper,pager

背投屏幕rearprojectionscreen

不明飞行物unidentifiedflyingobject(UFO)

操作系统operatingsystem

产品科技含量technologicalelementofaproduct

创新innovation

会议teleconference

留言机answeringmachine

对讲机talkieandwalkie

多媒体multimedia

二期thecondpha

防抱死系统ABS(anti-lockbrakingsystem)

孵化器incubator

高产优质highyieldandhighquality

高技术产业化applyhightechnologytoproduction

高科技板块high-techctor

11/18

高科技园high-techpark

个人数字助理PDA(personaldigitalassistant)

工业园区industrialpark

国家质量技术监视局theStateBureauofQualityandTechnicalSupervision

国家重点实验室nationalkeylaboratories

火炬计划TorchProgram(aplantodevelopnewandhightechnology)

计算机中央处理器centralprocessingunit(CPU)

技术产权technologypropertyright

技术交底confideatechnologicalcrettosomeone.

技术密集产品technology-intensiveproduct

穿插学科interdisciplinarybranchofscience

科技成果转化为生产力transferofscientificandtechnologicalachievementsinto

productiveforces

科技含量technologycontent

科技根底设施scienceandtechnologyinfrastructure

科技是第一生产力Scienceandtechnologyconstituteaprimaryproductiveforce

科技体制改革reformofthescienceandtechnologymanagementsystem

科技与经济脱节scienceandtechnologyareoutoflinefromtheeconomy

科教兴国rejuvenatethecountrythroughscienceandeducation

可持续开展战略strategyofsustainabledevelopment

纳米nanometer

三峡水利枢纽工程thekeywatercontrolprojectattheThreeGorgesontheYangtze

River

12/18

物种起源originofspecies

新兴学科newbranchofscience

研究成果rearchresults

在孵企业incubatedenterpris

自动取款机automatictellermachine(ATM)

自然科学与社会科学的穿插融合integrationofnaturalandsocialsciences

IT信息技术

[扩展]

信息港infoport

信息高地informationhighland

信息高速公路informationsuperhighway

信息革命informationrevolution

信息含量informationcontent

信息化informationization

信息技术处理ITA–InformationTechnologyAgreement

信息检索informationretri

办公自动化OA(OfficeAutomation)

笔记本电脑laptop/notebook/portablecomputer

电脑病毒computervirus

电脑犯罪computercrime

电子管理e-management

电子货币e-currency

13/18

电子商务e-business;e-commerce

电子商务认证e-businesscertification

电子E-mail

非对称数字用户环路ADSL(AsymmetricalDigitalSubscriberLoop)

高速宽带互联网high-speedbroadbandnetworks

公告板BBS(bulletinboardsystem)

光盘杂志CD-ROMmagazine

广域网WAN(wideareanetword)

汉字处理软件Chinecharacterprocessingsoftware

黑客hacker

计算机2000年问题Y2Kproblem

计算机辅助教育CAI–computerassistedinstruction

计算机辅助设计CAD-computerassisteddesign

计算机合成制造CAM-computerassistedmanufacturing

计算机中央处理器CPU–centralprocessingunit

超文本传送协议hypertexttransferprotocol(HTTP)

界面interface

金融电子化computerizedfinancialrvices

局域网LAN–localareanetwork

互联网效劳提供商ISP(InternetServiceProvider)

全球移动通信系统(全球通)globalsystemformobilecommunications(GSM)

刻录机CDburner

14/18

宽带接入broadbandaccess

宽带网broadbandnetworks

联网、局域网(计算机)Intranet

垃圾junkmail

千年问题、千年虫millenniumbug;Y2Kbug

人工智能AI–artificialintelligence

人机交互human-computerinteraction

人机交互human-computerinteraction

虚拟人visualhuman

虚拟网virtualnet

虚拟网virtualnet

虚拟现实virtualreality

虚拟银行virtualbank

因特网效劳提供商ISP-internetrviceprovider

万维网WorldWideWeb(WWW)

应用软件internetapplications

域名domain

在线online

掌上电脑palmcomputer

政府上网工程GovernmentOnlineProject

只读存储器read-only-memory(ROM)

智能感知技术perceptivetechnology

15/18

智能终端intelligentterminal

中文信息处理系统Chineinformationprocessingsystem

数码科技digitaltechnology

高保真Hi-Fi(HighFidelity)

高清晰度电视highdefinitionTV(HDTV)

光谷opticalvalley

光通讯opticalcommunication

蓝光光盘Blue-rayDisc

数码港cyberport

数字地球digitalglobe

数字蜂窝移动通信digitalcellularmobiletelecommunications

三维电影three-dimensionalmovie

三维动画three-dimensionalanimation

[详析]“蓝光光盘〞利用蓝色的激光束来刻录数据。目前的光盘均使用红色的激光束来

进展刻录工作。

液晶显示屏LCD–liquidcrystaldisplay

逐行扫描progressivescan(high-frequencymode)

视频点播VOD-videoondemand

搜索引擎(计算机)archengine

统一资源定位器URL-uniformResourceLocator

下载download

英特网internet

万维网WWW–WorldWideWeb

16/18

网吧internetcafé,internetbar

网恋cyberromance;virtualromance

网络出版onlinepublishing

网络管理员networkadministrator

网络空间cyberspace

网络恐惧主义Cyberterrorism

网络摄像机webcam

网络世界cyberworld

网络文化cyberculture

网民netizen

网上冲浪web-surfing

网上犯罪cybercrime

网上购物on-lineshopping

网上交易平台onlinetradingplatform

网上书店onlinebookstore

网页webpage

website

cellular/mobilephone移动；手机

[扩展]

第三代移动通信系统3-G(GenerationThreemobilecommunicationsystem)

多媒体短信效劳MMS(MultimediaMessagingService)

文本短信效劳SMS(ShortMessagingService)

17/18

文本短信语言texting(8=great)

无绳cordlesstelephone

无线保真Wi-Fi(wirelessFidelity)

无线应用协议WAP–wirelessapplicationprotocol

移动双向收费two-waychargesforcellphones

能上网的手机WAPphone

增强型短信效劳EMS(EnhancedMessageService)

程控program-controlledtelephone

生物技术bio-technology

[扩展]

克隆cloning

生物芯片biochip

基因工程geneticengineering

基因突变geneticmutation

基因图谱genome

转基因动植物geneticallymodifiedanimalsandplants

转基因生物geneticallymodifiedorganisms(GMOs)

转基因食品GMfood(geneticallymodifiedfood)

B超type-Bultrasonic

试管婴儿test-tubebaby

试管受精in-vitrofertilization(IVF)

干细胞stemcell

18/18

空间科学SpaceScience

[扩展]

长征2号F运载火箭LongMarchIIFcarrierrocket

多任务小卫星smallmulti-missionsatellite(SMMS)

登月舱lunarmodule

发射成功successfullaunch

风云二号气象卫星FengyunIImeteorologicalsatellite

神舟五号载人飞船mannedspacecraftShenzhouV

同步卫星geostationarysatellite

全球定位系统GPS(globalpositioningsystem)

首航maidenvoyage(ofanaircraftorship)

外层空间outerspace

外星人extraterrestrialbeing(ET)

卫星导航satellitenavigation