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专题三动词时态、语态、词组2013

一、时态：

1.一般现在时：

(1)makesure/etoitthat+宾语从句中，从句用一般时

---Makesureyoulockthedoorwhenyougoout.

---Seetoitthateverychildhasaparatebedinthenewhome.

(2)themore…themore句型中，主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时

----Theearlieryouprepareyourwork,thebetteryouwillbe.

例：

1.–DoyouknowifTerrywillgocampingthisweekend?D

-Terry?Never!She______tentsandfreshair!

belongstomyauntbutshe_____hereanymore.D

‘‘tlive

‘‘tlive

regardstoyourwifewhenyou_____home.D

2.现在进行时：

（1）有些动词无进行时,这是表示―感觉、感情、存在、从属‖等的动词

如：e,hear,feel,taste,look,smell

hate,love,like,want,wish,prefer,refu

exist,remain,stay

have,posss,own,contain,belongto

（2）与always,constantly,continually,forever,allthetime等表示时间的副词连用，

表示说话人对主语的行为表示赞叹，赞许，表扬，抱怨等情绪

---Thegirlisalwaysaskingthesamequestion.

----Thekindladyisalwaysthinkingofothers.

例：

1.–What‘sthatnoi?C

-Oh,machine_______.

tested

ntested

ghthecausofcancer_____,wedon‘tyethaveanypracticalwaytopreventit.

A

enuncovering

covered

3.-Idon‘tsuppothepoliceknowwhodidit.

-Well,sbeenarrestedand_____now.B

gquestioned

stioned

3.现在完成时：

用于―Thisisthe+序数词+timethat+…‖句型中

---ThisismyfirsttimethatIhavevisitedtheGreatWall.

例:

Thoughwedon‘tknowwhatwasdiscusd,yetwecanfeelthetopic________.D

ange

nchanged

4.现在完成进行时:have/hasbeendoing

表示过去某一时刻开始的动作且状态一直延续到现在，并有可能一直延续下去。

---Ihavebeenlookingformylostbookforthreedays,butIstillhaven‘tfound

it.

例：

1.-I‘msureAndrewwillwinthefirstprizeinthefinal.

-_____foritformonths.D

paring

npreparing

‘ttellthestudentstheanswertothemathproblemuntilhe____onitformore

thananhour.A

veworked

ked

5.一般过去时：

例：

I____inLondonformanyyears,butI‘veneverregrettedmyfinaldecisiontomoveback

toChina.A

ed

6.过去进行时：

表示过去反复的习惯的动作，常与always,continually,constantly等动词连用。

----WheneverIvisitedher,shewasalwayswritingatthedesk.

例：

dHannahmanytimesyesterdayevening,butIcouldn‘ther

_____onthephoneallthetime!A

ememberverythingexactlyasifit___yesterday.A

ed

3.-Excume,oudomeafavour?

-it?

-I____ifyoucouldtellmehowtofilloutthisform.B

dering

der

7.过去完成时

(1)用于hardly/scarcely…when;nosooner…than句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用

一般过去时。

---Ihadhardlycleanedtheclassroomwhentheteacherentered.

---Ihadnosoonercomebackhomethanitbegantorain.

(2)动词hope,expect,think,intend,mean,want,suppo,plan用过去完成时，表示未实

现的愿望，打算和意图

---IhadhopedthatIcouldpassthetest,butIfailedagain.

例题：

elwasn‘tparticularlygood,butI___inmanyworhotels.D

yed

,whogotmarriedonlylastweek,spent$3.000morethanhe____forthewedding.

D

nned

__before.C

‘‘‘‘tflying

8.过去将来时

---Shesaidshewasgoingtotoutatonce.

----Theyneverknewthatpopulationwouldbecomeabigproblem.

例题：

1.-Alice,whydidn‘tyoucomeyesterday?

-I______,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.C

2.-WhatwereyoudoingwhenTonyphonedyou?D

-Ihadjustfinishedmyworkand_____totakeashower.

rting

9.一般将来时

（1）祈使句,+and/or+句子

and后面的句子谓语用一般将来时

---Uyoumind,andyouwillhaveawayout.

（2）begoingto+动词原形，表示打算要做某事

beaboutto+动词原形，表示按照预定、计划或打算准备着手进行的动作

beto+动词原形，表示必须、必然或计划要做的事

---Heisabouttogo.

---iday.

例题：

sion____aboutanyfutureappointmentuntilallthecandidateshavebeen

interviewed.A

nmade

2.-Yourjob_______openforyourreturn.

-Thanks.A

nkept

itisnecessaryformy19-year-oldsontohavehisownmobilephone,forI

sometimeswanttomakesureifhe______homefordinner.D

me

10.将来进行时：willbedoing

表示将来某个时间正在发生的动作，或按计划一定会发生的事情。

---ThePresidentwillbemeetingtheforeigndelegationattheairportatten

tomorrow.

例题：

Atthistimetomorrow______overtheAtlantic.B

‘‘llbeflying

‘‘retofly

11.将来完成时:willhavedone

by+将来的时间

---Bythetimeyoureachtherailwaystation,thetrainwillhaveleftalready.

例题：

Byhisnextbirthday,he_______marriedfortenyears.C

vegot

二、语态：

1.不能用于被动语态的动词和短语:

cometrue,consistof,takeplace,happen,become，ri,occur,belong,breakout,

appear,arrive,die,fall,exist,fail,succeed---

例题：

Canyousaysomethingabouttheaccident____outsidethetheaterlastweek?B

pened

2.下列动词的主动语态表示被动意义，而且常与well,quite,easily,badly等副词连

用。如：lock,wash,ll,wear,write,u

---ThiskindofTVllswell.

---Thepenyouboughtlastweekwriteswell.

3.一些常用的被动句型：

Itissaidthat…/Itisreportedthat…/Itiswidelybelievedthat…/Itisthoughtthat…

---Itissaidthatthebookwrittenbytheyoungwriterhasbeentranslatedinto

verallanguages.

4.动词短语转换成被动语态时，要被看成一个整体，后面的介词或副词不能省略。

例题：

Thehou________byapoet.A

vedin

slivingin

+-ed分词构成的被动语态，强调动作的结果。

例题：

Jack_____ofcollegeforfailinghixams.B

ownout

throwingout

6.使役动词make,let,have或感官动词hear,e,listento,lookat,notice,watch,feel

等的被动语态

三、动词词组搭配

1.―动词+介词‖,介词与动词不能分开，宾语放后面

accountfor（说明）,aimat,appealto（呼吁）,arriveat,askafter（探问）,askfor,

attachto,beginwith,breakinto,breakoff（中断）,breakthrough（突破）,breakup（分

裂）,bringabout（致使）,bringout（生产）,buildup（树立）,callfor,callon/upon,

callup（召唤）,carefor,carryon,carryout,cometo,counton（依靠）,dealwith,fill

in/out,goafter,gointo,gothrough（经历）,keepto（遵循）,liein,liveon/by,lookafter,

lookinto,lookover,lookthrough（看穿）,occurto,referto,runinto,eto（注意）,nd

for,rveas,taside（留出）,standfor,stickto,takein,touchon（涉及）,turnto

2.―动词+副词‖，宾语是代词放中间

breakdown(出故障）,breakin（打断）,breakout,comeon,comeout,calloff(取

消),carryout(执行),dieout,dressup,dropout（退出）,findout,getdown（使沮丧）,

getoff,giveaway（分发）,givein,giveoff,giveout,giveup,goby,goon,goout,hand

down（传递下来）,handin,handout,handover（移交）,hangup,holdback（忍住）,

holdon,hurryup,keepback,keepoff（挡住）,letdown,lookback,lookout,lookon（在

一旁观看）,lookup,makeout,makeup,passaway,payback,payoff,pickout,pickup,

pulldown,putaway,puton,putup,rundown（撞沉）,toff,tout,tup,showoff,

takeaway,takedown,takeon（呈现）,takeover（接管）,thinkover,throwaway,turn

down,turnin（上交）,turnoff,turnon,turnout,turnover,turnup,uup,wearout（穿

破）,wipeout（擦干净）,workout,workon.

3.―动词+副词+介词‖构成的短语动词

breakawayfrom(脱离，改掉),catchupwith,keepupwith,comedownwith(患病),

getalongwith,getoutof(摆脱),lookdownupon,makeupfor(补偿)

4.―动词+名词+介词‖构成的短语动词

catchsightof,getholdof,makefunof,makeuof，payattentionto,takeadvantage

of(利用),takenoticeof,takepridein

5.―动词（+宾语）+介词+名词‖构成的短语动词

comeintoexistence,comeintoeffect,takesthintoaccount(consideration)考虑

某事

6.―be+形容词+介词‖构成的短语动词

befondof,befamiliarwith,belatefor,beafraidof，besuitablefor

7.―动词+名词‖构成的短语动词

changehands(易手),loheart,makefriends,maken(有意义),takeaction

8.后接名词或动名词（及物）

aimat,accu...of...（因某事控告某人）,dependon,devoteto（致力于）,engage

in（从事于，忙于）,feellike,goon,cannot/couldn‗thelp,insiston（坚持）,keepfrom,

keepon,lookforwardto,persistin（坚持）,preventfrom,putoff,tabout（开始做某

事）,succeedin,thankfor,thinkof,breakaway(from),catchupwith,comeupto（达到）,

comeupwith,concernwith（与—有关）,doawaywith（废除）,havesomethingtodo

with,havenothingtodowith,befedupwith（厌烦）,getalong/onwith,getthrough（穿

过）,getdownto（开始认真处理）,getoutof,givewayto（让路）,goinfor,holdon

to（坚持）,keepupwith,letalone（不管）,liveupto（达到高标准）,lookdownon,be

madeupof,makeupfor,nevermind,putupwith（容忍）,referto...as,runoutof,t

outto（着手做--）,thinkof...as,throw(a)lighton（阐明）

例题解析：

tudyinginamedicalcollegeforfiveyears,Jane______herjobasadoctorin

thecountryside.C

tout:开始，着手;takeover接管；tup:建立；takeup:开始从事--

2.—I'mstillworkingonmyproject.

—Oh,you'_______A

out

runout:用完，到期；goout:熄灭；giveout:分发；loout:不成功，受损失

anIndians________tion.C

fillup:填满；bringup:抚养大；makeup:组成，编造，化妆

cherstresdagainthatthestudentsshouldnot_________anyimportantdetails

whileretellingthestory.C

t

bringout:阐明，出版；leaveout:遗漏，不提及

'stheprentsituationinpoorareasthat_________muchhigherspendingon

educationandtraining.C

or

answerfor:对—负责；callfor:需要，要求；

allweuforpowerwhenalltheoilintheworldhas_________?A

leavingforLondontomorrowandIwill______him____attheairport.C

；;;;around

rifyoucan____________myfather.

B

ut

odyinthevillagelikesJackbecauheisgoodattellingand_________jokes.

C

gup

buildingahou,youwillhaveto_____thegovernment'spermission.D

askforpermission:请求某人的许可

aofhavingweeklyfamilymealstogether,whichemeddifficultatfirst,

has_________manygoodchangesintheirlives.D

tabout

bringabout:造成，导致

oupleatellmewhereyouboughttheshoesyou______yesterday?C

on

pullon:穿，戴（袜子，手套等）

haveon:穿着，表示状态