英语六级真题答案

2017年大学英语六级真题试卷及

答案(总36页)

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2017年大学英语六级真题试卷及答案（二）

PartIWriting(30minutes)

(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)

Directions:Suppoyouareaskedtogiveadviceonwhethertomajorinscienceorhumanities

atcollege，requiredtowriteatleast150wordsbut

nomorethan200words.

PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthisction,ndofeachconversation,

econversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.

Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoothebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)

andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthe

centre.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Questions1to4arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

1.

A)Doingenjoyablework.

B)Earningacompetitivesalary.

C)Havingfriendlycolleagues.

D)Workingforsupportiveboss.

2.A)20%.

B)25%.

C)31%.

D)73%.

3.A)Thofullofskilledworkers.B)Thothatarewellmanaged.

33

C)Thorunbywomen.

D)Thoofasmallsize.

44

4.A)Theycanwinrecognitionoftheirwork.

B)Theycanbetterbalanceworkandlife.

C)Theycanhopfromjobtojobeasily.

D)Theycantakeonmorethanonejob.

Questions5to8arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

5.A)Itisacollectionofphotos.B)Itisanintroduction

tomusic.

C)ItisaboutthecityofBruges.D)ItisabookofEuropean

history.

6.A)WhenwritingaboutBelgium’scoastalregions.

B)Whentakingpicturesforaconcertcatalogue.

C)WhenvacationinginanItaliancoastalcity.

D)WhenpaintingtheconcerthallofBruges.

TherichheritageofEuropewillbelostcompletely.

B)TheawaterofEuropewillberiouslypolluted.

C)TheentireEuropeancoastlinewillbesubmerged.

D)ThemajorEuropeanscenicspotswilldisappear.

Touristsuwoodenpathstoreachtheirhotelsinthemorning.

B)Itattractslargenumbersoftouristsfromhomeandabroad.

C)Peoplecannotgetaroundwithoutusingboats.

D)Itswaterwaysarebeingincreasinglypolluted.

SectionB

55

Directions:Inthisction,

endofeachpassage,e

ouheara

question，youmustchoothebestanswerfromthefourchoices

markedA),B),C)andD).Thenmarkthecorrespondingletteron

AnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions9to12arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

Theytryhardtoavoidgettingoffonthewrongfoot.

B)Theyspendtoomuchtimeanticipatingtheirdefeat.

C)Theytaketoomanyirrelevantfactorsintoaccount.

D)Theymakecarefulpreparationsbeforehand.

Mentalimagesofteninterferewithathletes’performance.

B)Golfersusuallyhavepositivementalimagesofthemlves.

C)Thinkinghasthesameeffectonthenervoussystemas

doing.

D)Aperson’snervoussystemismorecomplicatedthan

imagined.

11.A)Anticipatepossibleproblems.

B)Makealistofdo’sanddon’ts.

C)Trytoappearmoreprofessional.

D)Picturethemlvessucceeding.

Shewonherfirstjurytrial.B)Sheworeadesigner

dress.

66

C)Sheprentedmovingpictures.D)Shedidnotspeakloud

enough.

Questions13to15arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

Itenablespatientswithdiabetestorecoversooner.

B)Itshealthbenefitshavebeenoverestimated.

C)Itslong-termeffectsareyettobeproved.

D)Ithelpspeopletoavoiddevelopingbreastcancer.

Ittrackedtheireatinghabitssincetheiradolescence.

B)Itfocudontheirdifferencefrommeninfiberintake.

C)Ittrackedtheirchangeinfoodpreferencesfor20years.

D)Itfocudontheirwaysoflifeduringyoungadulthood.

Fibermaybringmorebenefitstowomenthanmen.

B)Fibermayimprovethefunctionofheartmuscles.

C)Fibermaymakebloodcirculationmoresmooth.

D)Fibermayhelptoreducehormonesinthebody.

SectionC

Directions:Inthisction,youwillhearthreerecordingsof

ordings

ouhearaquestion,youmustchoo

thebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B)，C)andD).Then

markthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasingleline

throughthecentre.

Questions16to18arebadontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

Investigatingtheimpactofmediaongovernment.

77

B)Studyingthehazardsofyoungpeopledrinking.

C)Conductingrearchonconsumerbehaviour.

D)Obrvingthechangesinmarketing.

Itisachiefconcernofparents.B)Itisanactof

socialising.

C)Itisthecauofmanystreetriots.D)Itisgetting

woryearbyyear.

Theyrearchedtheimpactofmobilephonesonyoungpeople.

B)Theyspentaweekstudyingtheirownpurchasingbehaviour.

C)Theyconductedathoroughrearchonadvertising.

D)Theyanalydtheirfamilybudgetsovertheyears.

Questions19to22arebadontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

19.A)Itislikelytogiveuppapermoneyinthenearfuture.

B)Itisthefirstcountrytoucreditcardsintheworld.

C)Itistryinghardtodoawaywithdirtymoney.

D)Itishelpingitsbankstoimproveefficiency.

20.A)Whetheritispossibletotravelwithoutcarryinganyphysical

currency.

B)Whetheritispossibletopredicthowmuchmoneyoneisgoingto

spend.

C)Whethertheabnceofphysicalcurrencyisgoingtoaffect

everydaylife.

D)Whethertheabnceofphysicalcurrencycausapersonto

spendmore.

88

Thecashinherhandbagwasmissing.B)Therviceonthetrain

wasnotgood.

C)Therestaurantcaracceptedcashonly.D)Therewasno

foodrviceonthetrain.

Bydrawingmoneyweekbyweek.B)Byputtingmoneyinto

envelopes.

C)Bylimitingtheirday-to-dayspending.D)Byrefusingtobuy

anythingoncredit.

Questions23to25arebadontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

23.A)Populationexplosion.B)Extinctionofrare

species.

C)Chronichunger.D)Environmentaldeterioration.

24.A)Abouthalfofthemareunintended.B)They

contributetooverpopulation.

C)Theyhavebeenbroughtundercontrol.D)Themajorityof

themtendtoendhalfway.

25.A)Itisbeginningtoattractpostgraduates’attention.

B)Itisneglectedinmanyofthedevelopingcountries.

C)Itisbecomingasubjectofinterdisciplinaryrearch.

D)Itisntialtothewellbeingofallspeciesonearth.

PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthisction,youwillheartwolongconversations.

Attheendofeachconversation,

youhearaquestion,youmustchoothebestanswerfromthefour

99

choicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Thenmarkthecorrespondingletter

onAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions1to4arebadontheconversationyouhavejust

heard.

1.A)Doingenjoyablework.B)Havingfriendlycolleagues.

C)Earningacompetitivesalary.D)Workingforsupportiveboss.

【答案】B

【解析】对话中关于第一个调查，男士说有十大因素影响着人们在工作中

的幸福感。并提及对接受调查的大多数人来说，最重要的因素就是拥有友好、

给予支持的同事。事实上，接受调查的人中有73%的人把与同事的关系作为促

成工作幸福感的关键因素，这是一个很高的比例。由此可知，友好的同事是让

员工感到幸福的第一因素。故选B。

2.A)31%.B)20%.

C)25%.D)73%.

【答案】B

【解析】对话中女士问男士调查中还有没有发现其他的信息。男士在回答

中提及“However,20%ofemployeesdescribedthemlvesasbeing

unhappy”，故选B。

3.A)Thoofasmallsize.B)Thorunbywomen.

C)Thothatarewellmanaged.D)Thofullofskilledworkers.

【答案】A

【解析】对话中男士说从调查中还得出了一些更有趣的结论：首先小公司

很好，人们更明确地倾向于在不超过100人的较小的机构或公司中工作。由此

可知，小规模的公司在员工中更受欢迎。故选A。

4.A)Theycanhopfromjobtojobeasily.

B)Theycanwinrecognitionoftheirwork.

C)Theycanbetterbalanceworkandlife.

D)Theycantakeonmorethanonejob.

【答案】C

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【解析】对话中男士说一天只工作4、5个小时的兼职合同工比那些全职的

人更快乐。随后提及，从调查中得出的结论是，这一现象可能是由于兼职合同

工能更好地平衡工作和生活。故选C。

Questions5to8arebadontheconversationyouhavejust

heard.

5.A)ItisabookofEuropeanhistory.B)Itisanintroduction

tomusic.

C)ItisaboutthecityofBruges.D)Itisacollectionofphotos.

【答案】D

【解析】对话开篇女士问男士一开始是怎么对这一主题感兴趣的。男士在

回答时提到，对逼近的危险的恐惧成为了这一大型拍摄项目的主题。由此可推

断出，《洪水将至》是一本摄影集。故选D。

6.A)WhenpaintingtheconcerthallofBruges.

B)WhenvacationinginanItaliancoastalcity.

C)Whentakingpicturesforaconcertcatalogue.

D)WhenwritingaboutBelgium’scoastalregions.

【答案】C

【解析】男士在回答女士的问题（一开始是怎么对这一主题感兴趣的）时

提及，“2006年，布鲁日城的音乐厅让我为一个新的音乐节的目录拍一些关于

水的主题的照片”。由此可知，男士是在为音乐节目录拍照时想出了这一作品

的主题。故选C。

7.A)TheentireEuropeancoastlinewillbesubmerged.

B)TherichheritageofEuropewillbelostcompletely.

C)TheawaterofEuropewillberiouslypolluted.

D)ThemajorEuropeanscenicspotswilldisappear.

【答案】A

【解析】男士在对话中提及，传媒报导中有大量警惕性文章是关于即将发

生的气候突变。并且对话中女士问男士，关于书中的原话“我不想拍摄灾难，

我想拍摄即将发生的灾难”能否说些什么。男士在回答，整个欧洲的海岸线被

淹没只是时间问题，这一点现在非常清楚。由此可知，气候突变发生时，整个

欧洲的海岸线将被淹没。故选A。

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8.A)Itswaterwaysarebeingincreasinglypolluted.

B)Peoplecannotgetaroundwithoutusingboats.

C)Itattractslargenumbersoftouristsfromhomeandabroad.

D)Touristsuwoodenpathstoreachtheirhotelsinthemorning.

【答案】D

【解析】对话中男士在回答女士的问题（关于历史在这个项目中的作用）

时提及，威尼斯是一座一直受到海水威胁的城市，在那里每天早上会建起接木

桥让游客通往旅馆。故选D。

SectionB

Directions:Inthisction,

endofeachpassage,e

ouheara

question,youmustchoothebestanswerfromthefourchoices

markedA),B),C)andD).Thenmarkthecorrespondingletteron

AnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions9to12arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

9.A)Theymakecarefulpreparationbeforehand.

B)Theytaketoomanyirrelevantfactorsintoaccount.

C)Theyspendtoomuchtimeanticipatingtheirdefeat.

D)Theytryhardtoavoidgettingoffonthewrongfoot.

【答案】C

9.【解析】题目是问一些人在面临新情况时是如何表现的。听力材料开头

提到，一些人面对新情况时，常常花费太多的时间预期最坏的结果来预演他们

的失败。其中C选项中的theirdefeat即听力材料中的theworst。故选C。

10.A)Aperson’snervoussystemismorecomplicatedthan

imagined.

B)Golfersusuallyhavepositivementalimagesofthemlves.

C)Mentalimagesofteninterferewithathletes’performance.

D)Thinkinghasthesameeffectonthenervoussystemasdoing.

【答案】D

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【解析】听力材料中提到，在斯坦福大学做的研究表明，心理影像对神经

系统的刺激方式和行动对神经系统的刺激方式是一样的。并且在后文给出了一

个高尔夫球手的例子来说明这一点。故选D。

11.A)Anticipatepossibleproblems.

B)Makealistofdo’sanddon’ts.

C)Picturethemlvessucceeding.

D)Trytoappearmoreprofessional.

【答案】C

【解析】听力材料中提到了一位女律师，她在开始她的第一个陪审团审案

之前非常紧张。说话人给她的建议是：让她创造一个画面想象自己自信是什么

样子的。对她而言这意味着，在法庭上自信地走动，用有说服力的肢体语言和

突出自己的声音以便让临近后门的法官席上的人能够听见。她同样也想象了一

个巧妙的结辩陈词和一个胜利的审判。由此可以推断出，说话人给处于压力情

况下的人的建议是想象自己成功的样子。故选C。

12.A)Sheworeadesignerdress.B)Shewonherfirstjurytrial.

C)Shedidnotspeakloudenough.D)Sheprentedmovingpictures.

【答案】B

【解析】题目问及女律师在法庭上的表现。听力材料结尾提到，年轻的女

律师在自信的预演几周之后，确实赢了第一个陪审团审案。故选B。

Questions13to15arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

13.A)Itslong-termeffectsareyettobeproved.

B)Itshealthbenefitshavebeenoverestimated.

C)Ithelpspeopletoavoiddevelopingbreastcancer.

D)Itenablespatientswithdiabetestorecoversooner.

【答案】C

【解析】听力材料中提到，研究现在表明，把纤维添加到青少年的饮食中

能帮助降低患乳腺癌的风险。并且在后文中也提到，饮食专家克里斯蒂•金发现

很难使青少年病人关注健康的饮食，他告诉青少年病人多吃高纤维食物可以降

低在中年之前患乳腺癌的风险。由此可知，把纤维放到青少年饮食中能够帮助

人们避免患乳腺癌。故选C。

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14.A)Itfocudontheirwaysoflifeduringyoungadulthood.

B)Ittrackedtheirchangeinfoodpreferencesfor20years.

C)Itfocudontheirdifferencefrommeninfiberintake.

D)Ittrackedtheireatinghabitssincetheiradolescence.

【答案】D

【解析】听力材料中提到，有一项基于对44000名女性研究的新发现。该

研究调查了她们高中时期的饮食，还追踪了她们20年来的饮食习惯。由此可

知，这项对44000名女性的研究追踪了她们自青春期以来的饮食习惯。故选

D。

15.A)Fibermayhelptoreducehormonesinthebody.

B)Fibermaybringmorebenefitstowomenthanmen.

C)Fibermayimprovethefunctionofheartmuscles.

D)Fibermaymakebloodcirculationmoresmooth.

【答案】A

【解析】文章中提到，对44000名女性的研究表明了长期以来的证据，即

纤维能够降低雌性激素的循环水平，这一点能够解释纤维为什么能够降低患乳

腺癌的风险。其本质内容就是你吃的纤维越多，你身体中的激素水平可能越

低，因此，患乳腺癌的风险也就越低。故选A。

SectionC

Directions:Inthisction,youwillhearthreerecordingsof

ordings

ouhearaquestion,youmustchoo

thebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Then

markthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasingleline

throughthecentre.

Questions16to18arebadontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

16.A)Obrvingthechangesinmarketing.

B)Conductingrearchonconsumerbehavior.

C)Studyingthehazardsofyoungpeopledrinking.

D)Investigatingtheimpactofmediaongovernment.

1414

【答案】B

【解析】听力材料开头就提到，说话者目前的研究实际上是关于消费者行

为。其中，文章中提到的市场变化、年轻人喝酒都是在用案例论证要从消费者

的角度看问题。媒体对政府的影响并未提及。故选B。

17.A)Itisthecauofmanystreetriots.

B)Itisgettingworyearbyyear.

C)Itisachiefconcernofparents.

D)Itisanactofsocialising.

【答案】D

【解析】听力材料中提到，在年轻人喝酒的案例中，能够确定的其中一件

事情是对于18-24岁的年轻人来说，喝酒与参与社会活动有关。文章中还提到

年轻人喝酒目前备受政府而不是父母的关切。故选D。

18.A)Theyspentaweekstudyingtheirownpurchasingbehavior.

B)Theyrearchedtheimpactofmobilephonesonyoungpeople.

C)Theyanalydtheirfamilybudgetsovertheyears.

D)Theyconductedathoroughrearchonadvertising.

【答案】A

【解析】听力材料中提到，说话者的学生去年花了一周的时间研究他们自

己的购买行为，并且对从商店到他们与零售银行和手机提供商之间的关系做了

详细的分析。故选A。

Questions19to22arebadontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

19.A)Itishelpingitsbankstoimproveefficiency.

B)Itistryinghardtodoawaywithdirtymoney.

C)Itisthefirstcountrytoucreditcardsintheworld.

D)Itislikelytogiveuppapermoneyinthenearfuture.

【答案】D

【解析】题目是问从听力中我们对瑞典有何了解。听力材料开头提到，瑞

典是第一个印刷和使用纸币的欧洲国家，但是它可能很快将不再使用纸币。D

选项符合题意。故选D。

1515

20.A)Whetheritispossibletotravelwithoutcarryingany

physicalcurrency.

B)Whetheritispossibletopredicthowmuchmoneyoneisgoing

tospend.

C)Whethertheabnceofphysicalcurrencycausapersonto

spendmore.

D)Whethertheabnceofphysicalcurrencyisgoingtoaffect

everydaylife.

【答案】C

【解析】听力材料中提到，克莱尔•贝瑞塔想查明没有纸币是否确实会导致

一个人花更多的钱，因此她几个月前决定做一项实验。故选C。

21.A)Therewasnofoodrviceonthetrain.

B)Therviceonthetrainwasnotgood.

C)Therestaurantcaracceptedcashonly.

D)Thecashinherhandbagwasmissing.

【答案】C

【解析】听力材料中提到，克莱尔•贝瑞塔在实验期间坐了一次火车。在途

中，有一项通告告诉人们餐车目前不接受信用卡支付。因为很多乘客旅行中没

有带现金，所以火车上有很多抱怨。由此可知，火车上的餐车只接受现金支

付。故选C。

22.A)Byputtingmoneyintoenvelopes.

B)Bydrawingmoneyweekbyweek.

C)Bylimitingtheirday-to-dayspending.

D)Byrefusingtobuyanythingoncredit.

【答案】A

【解析】听力材料中提到，贝瑞塔说她的父母年轻的时候常把钱放进信封

里来做预算。当他们拿到工资后，他们便立马把现金分为几份放进信封，这样

他们就能知道每周有多少钱。故选A。

Questions23to25arebadontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

23.A)Populationexplosion.

1616

B)Chronichunger.

C)Extinctionofrarespecies.

D)Environmentaldeterioration.

【答案】B

【解析】听力材料中提到，说话者想要告诉我们人类人口的过去、现在和

将来，并且用几个问题作为开场。第一个问题就是：现在有十亿人长期处于饥

饿状态，这意味着他们醒来后感觉俄，一整天都感觉饿，睡觉的时候也感觉

饿。故选B。

24.A)Theycontributetooverpopulation.

B)Abouthalfofthemareunintended.

C)Theyhavebeenbroughtundercontrol.

D)Themajorityofthemtendtoendhalfway.

【答案】B

【解析】听力材料中提到，有2000—2500万不识字的女人在生育上没有得

到她们想要的控制。这一问题不只在发展中国家有，全球有近五成的怀孕是出

于意外。故选B。

25.A)Itisntialtothewellbeingofallspeciesonearth.

B)Itisbecomingasubjectofinterdisciplinaryrearch.

C)Itisneglectedinmanyofthedevelopingcountries.

D)Itisbeginningtoattractpostgraduates’attention.

【答案】A

【解析】听力材料中提到，人口统计学不仅关乎人类的种群，也关乎于非

人类种群，还包括无生命的对象。它是一种干预真实世界更明智、更有效的方

法。它不仅能够提高你自己的福祉，同样重要的是，它还能够提高你自己和周

围的人以及与我们共享地球的其他物种的福祉。由此可知，人口统计学对地球

上所有物种来说都是必要的。故选A。

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PartⅢReadingComprehension(40

minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthisction,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.

Youarerequiredtolectonewordforeachblankfromalistof

epassage

throughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices,Eachchoiceinthebank

markthecorrespondingletterfor

eachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Youmaynotuanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Questions26to35arebadonthefollowingpassage.

Let’

rearchsaysthatthowhocan’temto

keeptheirinnermonologues(独白）inareactuallymorelikelyto

stayontask,remain(26)_______betterandshowimprovedperception

,really,forsomeextramuttering.

AccordingtoariesofexperimentspublishedintheQuarterly

JournalofExperimentalPsychology

byprofessorsGaryLupyanandDanielSwignley,theactofusing

verbalcluesto(27)_______mentalpictureshelpspeoplefunction

quicker.

Inoneexperiment,theyshowedpicturesofvariousobjectsto

twenty(28)_______;andaskedthem

tofindjustoneoftho,re(29)_______torepeat

outloudwhattheywerelookingforandtheotherhalfkepttheirlips

(30)_______Thowhotalkedtothemlvesfoundthebanana

1818

slightlyfasterthanthowhodidn’t,r

experiments,LupyanandSwignleyfoundthat(31)_______thenameofa

commonproductwhenonthehuntforithelpedquickensomeone’s

pace，buttalkingaboutuncommonitemsshowednoadvantageandslowed

youdown.

Commonrearchhaslongheldthattalkingthemlvesthrougha

taskhelpschildrenlearn,although

doingsowhenyou’ve(32)_______maturedisnotagreatsignof

(33)_______.Thetwoprofessorshope

torefutethatidea,(34)_______thatjustaswhenkidswalk

themlvesthroughaprocess,adultscanbenefitfromusinglanguage

notjusttocommunicate,butalsotohelp“augmentthinking”.

Ofcour,youarestillencouragedtokeepthetalkingat

librarytonesand,whateveryoudo,keeptheinformationyoushare

simple,(35)_______，there’sstillsuch

athingastoo

muchinformation.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

A)B)arroganceC)brillianceD)claimingE)

F)focudG)incurH)instructedI)obscurelyJ)aled

K)

spectators

L)triggerM)utteringN)volume0)

volunteers

26.【解析】L。空格前是形容词no,空格后是名词gains，所以此空应该填

入一个形容词。根据句意，选项中只有significant符合句意。havemadeno

significantgains意为“未能取得显著提升”。故选L。

27.【解析】F。空格前是不定式to，空格后是名词词组thehighcost,所

以此空应该填入一个动词原形。根据句意，动词原形中只有justify符合句

意。故选F。

1919

28.【解析】E。空格前是hasfallen，空格后是时间状语inthelast5-

6years，本句是现在完成时且不缺句子成分，所以此空应该填入一个副词。根

据句意，选项中只有drastically符合句意。故选E。

29.【解析】D。空格前是动词remain，空格后是that引导的表语从句，

所以此空应该填入一个形容词。根据句意，选项中只有doubtful符合句意。故

选D。

30.【解析】H。双引号前是不定冠词a，所以此空应填入一个名词。根据

句意，选项中只有outcome符合句意。故选H。

31.【解析】O。空格前是动词u，空格后是名词metrics，所以此空应该

填入一个形容词或名词。根据句意，选项中只有standardized符合句意。故选

O。

32.【解析】B。空格前是副词mostly，空格后是名词词组earlier

studies，由空格所在小分句开头的and以及本句主语theactualresults可

知，此空应该填入一个动词原形。根据句意，选项中只有confirm符合句意。

故选B。

33.【解析】K。空格前是形容词global，空格后是介词调组for

excellenceinteaching，所以此空应该填入一个名词。根据句意，选项中只

有reputation符合句意。故选K。

34.【解析】C。空格前是系动词are,空格后是名词词组advanced

thinkingskills,所以此空应该填入一个动词，构成现在进行时。根据句意，

“基于知识的学位仍然很重要，但雇主要求大学毕业生具备较强的思维能

力。”选项中只有demanding(要求；查问）符合句意。demandfrom为固定

搭配，意为“向要求”。故选C。

35.【解析】A。空格前是系动词be，空格后是动词的被动语态measured，

所以此空应该填入一个副词，以修饰measured。根据句意，选项中只有

accurately符合句意。故选A。

SectionB

2020

Directions:Inthisction,youaregoingtoreadapassagewith

atementcontainsinformation

fytheparagraphfromwhichthe

chooaparagraphmorethanonce.

thequestionsby

markingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.

RichChildrenandPoorOnesAreRaidVeryDifferently

[A]ThelivesofchildrenfromrichandpoorAmericanfamilies

lookmoredifferentthaneverbefore.

[B]Well-offfamiliesareruledbycalendars,withchildren

enrolledinballet,soccerandafter-schoolprograms,accordingtoa

reusuallytwoparents,who

spendalotoftimereadingtochildrenandworryingabouttheir

anxietylevelsandhecticschedules.

[C]Inpoorfamilies,meanwhile,childrentendtospendtheirtime

emorelikelytogrowupin

neighborhoodsthattheirparentssayaren’tgreatforraising

children,andtheirparentsworryaboutthemgettingshot,beatenup

orintroublewiththelaw.

[D]Theclassdifferencesinchildrearingaregrowing—a

symptomofwideninginequalitywithfar-reachingconquences.

Differentupbringingstchildrenondifferentpathsandcandeepen

socioeconomicdivisions,especiallybecaueducationisstrongly

engrowuplearningtheskillstosucceed

intheirsocioeconomicstratum(阶层)，butnotnecessarilyothers.

[E]“Earlychildhoodexperiencescanbeveryconquentialfor

children’slong-termsocial,emotionalandcognitive

2121

development,’’saidSeanReardon,professorofpovertyand

inequalityineducationatStanfordUniversity.“Andbecautho

influenceeducationalsuccessandlaterearnings,earlychildhood

experiencescastalifelongshadow.”Thecyclecontinues:Poor

parentshavelesstimeandfewerresourcestoinvestintheir

children,whichcanleavechildrenlesspreparedforschoolandwork,

whichleadstolowerearnings.

[F]Americanparentswantsimilarthingsfortheirchildren,the

Pewreportandpastrearchhavefound:forthemtobehealthyand

happy,honestandethical,snobest

parentingstyleorphilosophy,rearcherssay,andacrossincome

groups,92%ofparentssaytheyaredoingagoodjobatraisingtheir

-classand

higher-incomeparentsetheirchildrenasprojectsinneedof

carefulcultivation,saysAnnetteLareau,whogroundbreaking

rearchonthetopicwaspublishedinherbookUnequalChildhoods:

Class,ytodeveloptheirskillsthrough

closupervisionandorganizedactivities,andteachchildrento

questionauthorityfiguresandnavigateeliteinstitutions.

[G]Working-classparents,meanwhile,believetheirchildrenwill

naturallythrive,andgivethemfargreaterindependenceandtimefor

etaughttobecompliantandrespectfultoadults.

g-classchildrenare

happier,moreindependent,complainlessandareclortofamily

members,-incomechildrenaremorelikelyto

lateron,themoreaffluentchildrenendupincollegeandontheway

tothemiddleclass,whileworking-classchildrentendtostruggle.

Childrenfromhigher-incomefamiliesarelikelytohavetheskillsto

2222

navigatebureaucraciesandsucceedinschoolsandworkplaces,Ms.

Lareausaid.

[H]“Doallparentswantthemostsuccessfortheirchildren

Absolutely,”shesaid.“Dosomestrategiesgivechildrenmore

rents

bedamagingchildreniftheyhaveonefewerorganizedactivityNo,I

reallydoubtit.”

[I]Socialscientistssaythedifferencesariinpartbecau

low-incomeparentshavelessmoneytospendonmusicclassor

preschool,andlessflexibleschedulestotakechildrentomuumsor

urricularactivitiesreflectthe

differencesinchildrearinginthePewsurvey,whichwasofa

nationallyreprentativesampleof1,lies

earningmorethat$75,000ayear,84%saytheirchildrenhave

participatedinorganizedsportsoverthepastyear,64%havedone

volunteerworkand62%havetakenlessonsinmusic,

familiearninglessthan$30,000,59%ofchildrenhavedonesports,

37%havevolunteeredand41%havetakenartsclass.

[J]Especiallyinaffluentfamilies,

halfofhigh-earning,college-graduateparentnrolledtheir

childreninartsclassbeforetheywere5,comparedwithoflow-

income,eless,20%ofwell-offparents

saytheirchildren’sschedulesaretoohectic,comparedwith8%of

poorerparents.

[K]Anotherexampleisreadingaloud,whichstudieshaveshown

giveschildrenbiggervocabulariesandbetterreadingcomprehension

inschool.71%ofparentswithacollegedegreesaytheydoitevery

day,comparedwith33%ofthowithahighschooldiplomaorless.

Whiteparentsaremorelikelythanothertoreadtotheirchildren

2323

daily,fluentparentnrolltheir

childreninpreschoolordaycare,whilelow-incomeparentsaremore

linetechniquesvaryby

educationlevel:8%ofthowithapostgraduatedegreesaythey

oftenbeattheirchildren,comparedwith22%ofthowithahigh

schooldegreeorless.

[L]stingly,

parents’attitudestowardeducationdonotemtoreflecttheirown

educationalbackgroundasmuchasabeliefintheimportanceof

ericanparentssaytheyarenot

concernedabouttheirchildren’sgradesaslongastheyworkhard.

But50%ofpoorparentssayitixtremelyimportanttothemthat

theirchildrenearnacollegedegree,comparedwith39%ofwealthier

parents.f

[M]Less-educatedparents,andpoorerandblackandLatinoparents

aremorelikelytobelievethatthereisnosuchthingastoomuch

involvementinachild’swhoarewhite,wealthy

al

-earningparentsaremuch

morelikelytosaytheyliveinagoodneighborhoodforraising

ullyingisparents’greatestconcernoverall,

nearlyhalfoflow-incomeparentsworrytheirchildwillgetshot,

emoreworried

abouttheirchildrenbeingdepresdoranxious.

[N]InthePewsurvey,middle-classfamiliearningbetween

$30,000and$75,000ayearfellrightbetweenworking-classandhigh-

earningparentsonissueslikethequalityoftheirneighborhoodfor

raisingchildren,participationinextracurricularactivitiesand

involvementintheirchildren’ducation.

2424

[O]

achievementgapbetweenchildrenfromhigh-andlow-incomefamilies

is30-40%largeramongchildrenbornin2001thanthoborn25years

earlier,n’udtolive

nearpeopleofdifferentincomelevels;neighborhoodsarenowmore

anaquarterofchildrenliveinsingle-

parenthouholds—ahistorichigh,accordingtoPew—andthe

childrenarethreetimesaslikelytoliveinpovertyasthowho

ile,growingincomeinequalityhas

coincidedwiththeincreasingimportanceofacollegedegreefor

earningamiddle-classwage.

[P]Yettherearerecentsignsthatthegapcouldbestartingto

astdecade,evenasincomeinequalityhasgrown,some

ofthesocioeconomicdifferencesinparenting,likereadingto

childrenandgoingtolibraries,havenarrowed.

[Q]Publicpoliciesaimedatyoungchildrenhavehelped,

includingpublicpreschoolprogramsandreadinginitiatives.

Addressingdifferencesintheearliestyears,items,couldreduce

inequalityinthenext,generation.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

parentsteachtheirchildrentobeobedientandshowrespectto

adults.

parents,whetherrichorpoor,havesimilarexpectationsoftheir

childrendespitedifferentwaysofparenting.

richparentsaremoreconcernedwiththeirchildren’spsychological

well-being,poorparentsaremoreworriedabouttheirchildren’

ssafety.

increasingdifferencesinchildrearingbetweenrichandpoor

familiesreflectgrowingsocialinequality.

2525

approachesofworking-classandaffluentfamiliesbothhave

advantages.

familiesandworking-classfamiliesnowtendtoliveindifferent

neighborhoods.

punishmentisudmuchlessbywell-educatedparents.

.Lareaudoesn’tbelieveparticipatinginfewerafter-class

activitieswillnegativelyaffectchildren’sdevelopment.

parentsareconcernedabouttheirchildren’smentalhealthandbusy

schedules.

socioeconomicdifferencesinchildrearinghaveshrunkinthepast

tenyears.

36.【解析】[D]。根据题干中的关键词Anumberoffactors和driving

downtheglobaloilprices可定位至[D]段第三、四句。

37.【解析】[L]。根据题干中的关键词Pricingcarbon和themost

economicalway可定位至[L]段第二句。

38.【解析】[J]。根据题干中的关键词Africanchildren可定位至[J]段第二

句。

39.【解析】[E]。根据题干中的关键词over-supplyanddecreasingdemand

可定位至[E]段最后一句。

40.【解析】[H]。根据题干中的关键词higherfossilfuelprices以及

innovationandapplicationofcleanertechnology可定位至[H]段第二

句。

41.【解析】[A]。根据题干中的关键词remainlowforalongtime和

higheremissionsofgreenhougas可定位至[A]段第一、三句。

42.【解析】[G]。根据题干中的关键词primaryenergyconsumption可定位至

[G]段第二句。

43.【解析】[F]。根据题干中的关键词majorfossilexportingcountries

和developrenewableenergies可定位至[F]段第二句。

2626

44.【解析】[O]。根据题干中的关鍵词notproperlydealtwith和po

endlessrisks可定位至[O]段最后一句。

45.【解析】[B]。细节题。根据题干中的关键词urgentforgovernments,

increathecost和lesnthecatastrophiceffects可定位至[B]段第

二句。

SectionC

Directions:ssageis

hofthem

therearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideon

thebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet

2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions46to50arebadonthefollowingpassage.

Tennese’stechnicalandcommunitycollegeswillnotoutsource

(夕卜包）managementoftheirfacilitiestoaprivatecompany,a

decisiononeleadersaidwasbolsteredbyananalysisofspendingat

eachcampus.

InanemailntMondaytocollegepresidentsintheTennese

BoardofRegentssystem,outgoingChancellorJohnMorgansaidan

internalanalysisshowedthateachcampus’spendingonfacilities

managementfellwellbelowtheindustrystandardsidentifiedbythe

saidthofindings—whichincludeddatafromthe

system’s13communitycolleges,27technicalcollegesandsix

universities一werepartofthedecisionnottomoveforwardwith

GovernorBillHaslam’sproposaltoprivatizemanagementofstate

buildingsinanefforttosavemoney.

“Whilethenumbersarestillbeingvalidatedbythestate,we

feelanyadjustmentstheymightsuggestwillbeimmaterial,”Morgan

2727

wrotetothepresidents.“Systeminstitutionsareoperatingvery

efficientlybadonthisanalysis,raisingthequestionofthevalue

ofpursuingabroadscaleoutsourcinginitiative.”

Workers，advocateshavecriticizedHaslam’splan,sayingit

wouldmeansomecampusworkerswouldlotheirjobsorbenefits.

Haslamhassaidcollegeswouldbefreetooptinoroutofthe

outsourcingplan,whichhasnotbeenfinalized.

MorgannotifiedtheHaslamadministrationofhisdecisiontoopt

tter,whichincludesveral

concernsMorganhaswiththeplan,wasoriginallyobtainedbyThe

CommercialAppealinMemphis.

Inanemailstatementfromthestate’sOfficeofCustomer

FocudGovernment,whichixaminingthepossibilityofoutsourcing,

saidofficialswerestillworkingto

management

expensatthecollegesystemandinotherstatedepartmentswillbe

partofa“businessjustification”thestatewilluasofficials

deliberatethespecificsofanoutsourcingplan.

“Thestate’sfacilitiesmanagementprojectteamisstillinthe

processofdevelopingitsbusinessjustificationandexpectstohave

thatcompletedandavailabletothepublicattheendof

February,Martinsaid.“Atthistimethereisnothingtotakeaction

onsincetheanalysishasyettobecompleted.”

Morgan’scommentsonoutsourcingmarkthecondtimethismonth

thathehascomeoutagainstoneofHaslam’splansforhigher

saidlastweekthathewouldretireat

theendofJanuarybecauofthegovernor’sproposaltosplitoff

sixuniversitiesoftheBoardofRegentssystemandcreateparate

2828

esignationletter,Morgan

calledthereorganization“unworkable.”

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

dowelearnaboutthedecisionoftechnicalandcommunity

collegesinTennese?

A)Itisbackedbyacampusspendinganalysis.B)Ithasbeen

flatlyrejectedbythegovernor.

C)Ithasneglectedtheirfaculty’sdemands.D)Itwill

improvetheirfinancialsituation.

doesthecampusspendinganalysisreveal?

A)Privatecompaniesplayabigroleincampusmanagement.

B)Facilitiesmanagementbycollegesismorecost-effective.

C)Facilitiesmanagementhasgreatlyimprovedinrecentyears.

D)Collegexercifullcontrolovertheirownfinancial

affairs.

’supportersarguethatBillHaslam’sproposalwould_______.

A)deprivecollegesoftherighttomanagetheirfacilities

B)makeworkerslessmotivatedinperformingduties

C)renderanumberofcampusworkersjobless

D)leadtotheprivatizationofcampusfacilities

dowelearnfromthestatespokeswoman’srespontoJohn

Morgan’sdecision?

A)Theoutsourcingplanisnotyetfinalized.

B)Theoutsourcingplanwillbeimplemented.

C)Thestateofficialsareconfidentabouttheoutsourcingplan.

D)Thecollegespendinganalysisjustifiestheoutsourcingplan.

2929

didJohnMorgandecidetoresign?

A)HehadlostconfidenceintheTennesestategovernment.

B)Hedisagreedwiththegovernoronhighereducationpolicies.

C)Hethoughtthestate’soutsourcingproposalwassimply

unworkable.

D)Heoppodthegovernor’splantoreconstructthecollege

boardsystem.

manyrearchersgenerallyaccept?

A)Itisimperativetoprotectscientists’patents.

B)Repositoriesareesntialtoscientificrearch.

C)Opendatasharingismostimportanttomedicalscience.

D)Opendatasharingisconducivetoscientificadvancement.

【答案】D

【解析】由题干中的关键词manyrearchers,generallyaccept可定位

至原文的第一段。D项中的isconducivetoscientificadvancement对应原

文的acceleratescience。因此选D。

theattitudeofmostrearcherstowardsmakingtheir

owndatapublic?

A)Oppod.B)Ambiguous.C)Liberal.D)Neutral.

【答案】A

【解析】本题定位至原文第一段的最后：但是大部分研究人员仍不愿意将

自己的劳动成果放在网上。此外，第二段的第二句说到，科学家曾经给出许多

反对共享的原因……。这充分说明大部分研究人员反对公开他们的数据。因此

选A。

ingtothepassage,whatmighthinderopendatasharing?

A)Thefearofmassivecopying.

B)Thelackofarearchculture.

C)Thebeliefthatrearchdataisprivateintellectualproperty.

D)Theconcernthatcertainagenciesmaymakeaprofitoutofit.

3030

【答案】C

【解析】本题定位至原文的第三段。其中原文中的“将数据视为私人所有

的研究文化”也就是“认为研究数据是privateintellectualproperty的观

点”，因此选C。

lpsliftsomeofthebarrierstoopendatasharing?

A)Theever-growingdemandforbigdata.

B)Theadvancementofdigitaltechnology.

C)Thechangingattitudeofjournalsandfunders.

D)Thetrendofsocialandeconomicdevelopment.

【答案】C

【解析】由题干中的关键词barriers可定位至原文的第三段。该段指出，

障碍正在消失，部分原因是全世界的杂志和资金资助机构正在鼓励科学家们将

数据公开。……资金资助机构表明使用公共资金赞助的数据应该成为公共信

息。这表明杂志和资助方的态度已经开始接受共享数据的观念，其态度发生了

改变，因此选C。

ervesasanexampletoshowhowopendatasharing

________.

A)isbecomingincreasinglypopular

B)benefitssharersandursalike

C)makesrearcherssuccessful

D)savesbothmoneyandlabor

【答案】B

【解析】由题干中的关键词Dryad可定位至倒数第二段。原文意思是使用

者对公开的数据有疑问的，还可对这些数据提出问题，这样可以使分享者进一

步完善数据。这说明，公开数据分享无论对于数据的分享者还是使用者，他们

都能从中受益。因此选B。

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebadonthefollowingpassage.

3131

Beginninginthelatesixteenthcentury,itbecamefashionable

foryoungaristocratstovisitParis,Venice,Florence,andaboveall,

Rome,astheculmination(终极）

wasborntheideaoftheGrandTour,apracticewhichintroduced

Englishmen,Germans,Scandinavians,andalsoAmericanstotheartand

was

arduousandcostlythroughouttheperiod,possibleonlyfora

privilegedclass—thesamethatproducedgentlemenscientists,

authors,antiqueexperts,andpatronsofthearts.

TheGrandTouristwastypicallyayoungmanwithathorough

groundinginGreekandLatinliteratureaswellassomeleisuretime,

somemeans,mantravelerJohann

Winckelmannpioneeredthefieldofarthistorywithhiscomprehensive

studyofGreekandRomansculpture;hewasportrayedbyhisfriend

AntonRaphaelMengsatthebeginningofhislongresidenceinRome.

MostGrandTourists,however,stayedforbrieferperiodsandtout

withlessscholarlyintentions,accompaniedbyateacherorguardian,

andexpectedtoreturnhomewithsouvenirsoftheirtravelsaswell

asanunderstandingofartandarchitectureformedbyexposureto

greatmasterpieces.

LondonwasafrequentstaringpointforGrandTourists,andParis

acompulsorydestination;manytraveledtotheNetherlands,someto

SwitzerlandandGermany,andaveryfewadventurerstoSpain,Greece,

entialplacetovisit,however,

BritishtravelerCharlesThompsonspokeformanyGrandTouristswhen

in1744hedescribedhimlfas“beingimpatientlydesirousof

viewingacountrysofamousinhistory,acountrywhichoncegave

lawstotheworld,andwhichisatprentthegreatestschoolof

musicandpainting,containsthenoblestproductionsofsculptureand

3232

architecture,andisfilledwithcabinetsofrarities,and

collectionsofallkindsofhistoricalrelics.”WithinItaly,the

greatfocuswasRome,whoancientruinsandmorerecent

’sAncient

RomeandModemRomereprentthesightsmostprized,including

celebratedGreco-Romanstatuesandviewsoffamousruins,fountains,

herewerefewmuumsanywhereinEuropebefore

theclooftheeighteenthcentury,GrandTouristsoftensaw

paintingsandsculpturesbygainingadmissiontoprivatecollections,

andmanywereeagertoacquireexamplesofGreco-RomanandItalian

and,wherearchitecturewas

increasinglyenasanaristocraticpursuit,noblemenoftenapplied

whattheylearnedfromthevillasofPalladiointheVenetoandthe

evocative(唤起回忆的）ruinsofRometotheirowncountryhousand

gardens.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

saidabouttheGrandTour?

A)Itwasfashionableamongyoungpeopleofthetime.

B)Itwasunaffordableforordinarypeople.

C)ItproducedsomefamousEuropeanartists.

D)Itmadeacompulsorypartofcollegeeducation.

didGrandTouristshaveincommon?

A)Theyhadmuchgeographicknowledge.

B)Theywerecourageousandventuresome.

C)Theywereverdinliteratureandinterestedinart.

D)Theyhadenoughtravelandoutdoor-lifeexperience.

3333

didGrandTouristsbenefitfromtheirtravel?

A)Theyfoundinspirationintheworld’sgreatestmasterpieces.

B)Theygotabetterunderstandingofearlyhumancivilization.

C)Theydevelopedaninterestintheoriginofmodemartforms.

D)Theygainedsomeknowledgeofclassicalartandarchitecture.

didmanyGrandTouristsvisittheprivatecollections?

A)Theycouldbuyuniquesouvenirstheretotakebackhome.

B)Europehardlyhadanymuumsbeforethe19thcentury.

C)Theyfoundtheantiquestheremorevaluable.

D)Privatecollectionswereofgreatervariety.

didtheGrandTourinfluencethearchitectureinEngland?

A)ThereappearedmoreandmoreRoman-stylebuildings.

B)ManyaristocratsbegantomoveintoRoman-stylevillas.

C)Aristocrats’countryhousallhadRoman-stylegardens.

D)Italianarchitectswerehiredtodesignhousandgardens.

estheauthorsayabouttheshrinkingspendingof

internationaltouristsinthe.

A).

B)Itisadirectresultoftheglobaleconomicrecession.

C)Itreflectsashiftoftheirinterestinconsumergoods.

D)Itposapotentialthreattotheretailbusinessinthe.

【答案】A

【解析】根据题干中的关键调shrinking,spending,international

tourists可定位至第一段的第二句，因此选A。

esMacy’sbelieveaboutitsproblems?

A)Theycanbesolvedwithbettermanagement.

B)Theycannotbeattributedtoweatheronly.

3434

C)Theyarenotasriousinitsonlinestores.

D)Theycallforincreadinvestments.

【答案】B

52.【解析】本题定位于第二段的第一句，因此选B。

rtocutcosts,Macy’sdecidedto________.

A)cutthesalaryofniorexecutives

B)relocatesomeofitschainstores

C)adjustitspromotionstrategies

D)reducethesizeofitsstaff

【答案】D

【解析】根据题干中的关键词cutcosts可定位于第三段的第二句至该段的最

后一句，因此选D。

sMacy’splantoexpandBluemercuryin2016?

A)Toexperimentonitsnewbusinessconcept.B)Tofocusmoreon

beautyproductsthanclothing.

C)Topromotesalesofitsproductsbyloweringprices.D)Tobemore

competitiveinsalesofbeautyproducts.

【答案】D

【解析】根据题干中的关键词expand，Bluemercury,in2016可定位至第五段

的第三、四句，因此选D。

nwelearnaboutMacy’sduringtheholidayason?

A)Salesdroppedsharplyinitsphysicalstores.

B).

C)IthelpedBluemercuryestablishitspositionworldwide.

D)Itfilleditsstoreswithabundantsupplyofmerchandi.

【答案】D

【解析】根据题干中的关键词holidayason可定位至最后一段。因此选D。

3535

PartIVTranslation(30

minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutesto

uldwriteyour

answeronAnswerSheet2.

宋朝始于960年，一直延续到1279年。这一时期，中国经济大幅增长，成

为世界上最先进的经济体，科学、技术、哲学和数学蓬勃发展。宋代中国是世

界历史上首先发行纸币的国家。宋朝还最早使用火药并发明了适室（movable-

type)印刷。人口增长迅速，越来越多的人住进城市，那里有热闹的娱乐场

所。社会生活多种多样。人们聚集在一起观看和交易珍贵艺术品。宋朝的政府

体制在当时也是先进的。政府官员均通过竞争性考试选拔作用。

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

【答案】TheSongDynastystartedfrom960andlasteduntil1279.

Duringthatperiod,Chinahadwitnesdadramaticeconomicgrowth,

eantime,

science,technology,philosophyandmathematicsalsoexperienced

ackthenwasthefirstcountrytoissue

thepapermoneyandalsotheearliesttougunpowderandinvent

rgeoningpopulation,

anincreasingnumberofpeopleflockedtocitieswheretherewere

atthattimeenjoyedrich

sociallife,gatheringtogethertoappreciateandtradeprecious

ernmentsysteminSongDynastywasalsoadvanced,

withallgovernmentofficialslectedandappointedthrough

competitiveexamination.