2017年6月英语六级

2017年6月英语六级听力原文

(卷一)

2017年6月英语六级听力原文(卷一)

W:oday’s

program,we’relookingattheresultsof

tworecentlypublishedsurveys,whichboth

dealwiththesametopic-happinessatwork.

John,tellusaboutthefirstsurvey.

M:Well,thiswasdonebyahumanresources

consultancy,whointerviewedmorethan

1,000workers,andestablishedatoptenof

thefactors,whichmakepeoplehappyatwork.

Themostimportantfactorforthemajority

ofthepeopleinterviewedwashaving

friendly,,

73%ofpeopleinterviewedputtheir

relationshipwithcolleaguesasthekey

factorcontributingtohappinessatwork,

ond

mostimportantfactorwashavingworkthat

leastimportant

factorswerehavingone'sachievements

recognized,andrathersurprisingly,

earningacompetitivesalary.

W:So,wearenotmainlymotivatedbymoney?

M:Apparentlynot.

W:Anyotherinterestinginformationinthe

survey?

M:mple,25%oftheworking

peopleintervieweddescribedthemlvesas

'veryhappy'r,20%of

employeesdescribedthemlvesasbeing

unhappy.

W:That’squitealotofunhappypeopleat

workeveryday.

M:Itis,isn’tit?Andtherewereveral

moreinterestingconclusionsrevealedby

fall,smallisbeautiful:

peopledefinitelypreferworkingfor

smallerorganizationsorcompanieswith

findoutthat,

generallyspeaking,womenwerehappierin

theirworkthanmen.

W:Yes,weare,aren’twe?

M:Andworkersonpart-timecontracts,who

onlywork4or5hoursaday,arehappierthan

earchers

concludedthatthisisprobablyduetoa

betterwork-lifebalance.

W:Arebosshappierthantheiremployees?

M:Yes,perhapsnotsurprisingly,thehigher

peoplegoinacompany,thehappiertheyare.

Soniormanagernjoytheirjobsmore

thanpeopleworkingunderthem.

Questions1to4arebadonthe

conversationyouhavejustheard.

Q1:WhatistheNo.1factorthatmade

employeeshappyaccordingtothesurvey?

Q2:Whatisthepercentageofthepeople

surveyedwhofeltunhappyatwork?

Q3:Whatkindofcompaniesarepopularwith

employees?

Q4:Whatisthepossiblereasonforpeople

onpart-timecontractstobehappier?

W:er,I'magreatloverofyour

tell

ushowyoufirstbecameinterestedinthis

subjectmatter?

M:In2006,whentheconcerthallofthecity

ofBrugesaskedmetotakesomepicturesfor

acatalogueforanewconcertasonaround

thethemeofwater,Ifoundmylfworking

ehad

beennumerousalarmingarticlesinthepress

aboutaclimatecatastrophewaitingto

happen,Istartedlookingattheaandthe

beachverydifferently,aplacewhereI

fearofaloomingdangerbecamethesubject

ofalarge-scalephotoproject.

W:Youwroteinthebook:"Idon’twantto

photographthedisaster,Iwantto

photographthedisasterwaitingtohappen.”

Canyoutalkabitaboutthat?

M:Itisclearnowthatitisamatteroftime

beforetheentireEuropeancoastline

egoesfor

ideawastophotographthisbeautifuland

veryuniquecoastline,richinhistory,

beforeit’stoolate—asalastwitness.

W:Canyoutalkabitabouthowhistoryplays

aroleinthisproject?

M:jectisalsoaboutthe

historyofEuropelookingattheaand

wonderingwhenthenextenemywouldappear.

Intheimages,youeallkindsofpossible

defenconstructionstoholdbackthe

Romans,Germans,Vikings,andnownatureas

mple,thereisthe

imageofthebridgeintotheatakenatthe

,Venice,

thecityeternallythreatenedbythea,

whereeverymorningwoodenpathwayshaveto

betuptoallowtouriststoreachtheir

hotels.

W:Thankyou,

pleasuretohaveyouwithustoday.

Questions5to8arebadonthe

conversationyouhavejustheard.

esthemansayaboutthebook

MomentsBeforetheFlood?

dthemangethisideaforthe

work?

llhappenwhentheclimate

catastropheoccurs?

esthemansayaboutVenice?

SectionB

Passage1

Whenfacinganewsituation,somepeople

tendtoreheartheirdefeatbyspending

toomuchtimeanticipatingtheworst.I

remembertalkingwithayounglawyerwhowas

whatimpressionshe

lied:”

Idon’twanttolooktooinexperienced,I

don’twantthemtosuspectthisismyfirst

trial.”Thislawyerhadfallenvictimsto

thedon’tssyndrome—aformofnegative

’tscanbe

lf-fulfillingbecauyourmindrespon

topictures.

RearchconductedatStanfordUniversity

showsamentalimagefiresthenervesystem

thesamewayasactuallydoingsomething.

Thatmeanswhenagolfertellshimlf:”

Don’thittheballintothewater.”Hismind

estheimageoftheballflyingintothe

swheretheballwillgo?

Conquently,beforegoingintoany

stressfulsituation,focusonlyonwhatyou

thelawyeragain

howshewantedtoappearatherfirsttrial.

Andthistimeshesaid:”Iwanttolook

professionalandlf-assured.”Itoldher

tocreateapictureofwhatlf-assured

,itmeantmoving

confidentlyaroundthecourtroom,using

convincingbodylanguageandprojectingher

voice,soitcouldbeheardfromthejudge’s

oimagineda

skillfulclosingargumentandawinning

eksafterthispositive

stress(不确定)rehearsal,theyounglawyer

didwin.

Questions9to12arebadonthepassage

youhavejustheard.

Q9:whatdosomepeopledowhentheyface

anewsituation?

Q10:whatdoestherearchconductedat

StanfordUniversityshow?

Q11:whatadvicedoesthespeakergiveto

peopleinastressfulsituation?

Q12:whatdowelearnaboutthelawyerin

thecourt?

Passage2

MostAmericansdon’teatenoughfruits,

vegetablesorwholegrains,rearchersnow

saysaddingfibertoteendietmayhelplower

theriskofbreastcancer.

Conversationsaboutthebenefitsoffiber

areprobablymorecommoninnursinghomes

ngcomesanew

King，

adietspecialistatTexasChildren's

Hospitalfindsit'shardtogetteenager

patients’attentionabouthealthyeating

buttellingthemthateatinglotsof

high-fiberfoodscouldreducetheriskof

'sa

powerfulmessage.

Thenewfindingisbadonastudyof

44,resurveyedabouttheir

dietsduringhighschool,andtheireating

turnsoutthatthowhoconsumedthe

highestlevelsoffiberduringadolescence

hadalowerriskofdevelopingbreastcancer,

comparedtothewomenwhoatetheleastfiber.

Thisimportantstudydemonstratesthatthe

morefiberyoueatduringyourhighschool

years,theloweryourriskisindeveloping

breastcancerinlaterlife.

Thefindingpointstolong-standing

evidencethatfibermayreducecirculating

femalehormonelevels,whichcouldexplain

tomlinehereisthe

morefiberyoueat,perhaps,alowerlevel

ofhormoneinyourbody,andtherefore,a

lowerlifetimeriskofdevelopingbreast

-fiberdietsarealsolinkedto

areducedriskofheartdiaanddiabetes.

That'swhywomenaretoldtoeat25gramsa

fiberaday-menevenmore.

Questions13to15arebadonthepassage

youhavejustheard.

esthenewstudytellabout

addingfibertotheteendiet?

welearnaboutthesurveyof

the44,000women?

planationdoesthespeaker

offerfortherearchfinding?

Passage1

Wellmycurrentrearchisreallyabout

ntlyI'velooked

atyoungpeople'sdrinkingandit's

obviouslyamajorconcerntoGovernmentat

themoment.

I'vealsolookedathowolderpeopleare

reprentedinthemedia;again,it'sof

majorcurrentinterestwitholderpeople

becomingamuchlargerproportionofUKand

indeedworldsociety.

I'malsointerestedinhowconsumers

operateonline,andhowthatonlinebehavior

mightbedifferentfromhowtheyoperate

offlinewhentheygototheshops.

Well,Ithinkthattheimportantthing

hereistoactuallyunderstandwhat's

happeningfromtheconsumer'sperspective.

Oneofthethingsthatbusinessandindeed

Governmentorganizationsoftenfailtodois

toreallyewhatishappeningfromthe

consumer'sperspective.

Forexample,inthecaofyoungpeople's

drinking,oneofthethingsthatI've

identifiedisthatdrinkingforpeoplesay

betweentheagesof18and24isallabout

thesocialactivity.

AlotoftheGovernmentadvertisinghas

beenaboutindividualresponsibility,but

actuallyunderstandingthatdrinkingis

verymuchaboutthesocialactivityand

findingwaystohelpyoungpeoplegethome

safelyandnotendupinhospitalisoneof

thethingsthatwe'vetriedtoprent

there.

Thekeythingaboutconsumerbehavioris

thatit'sverymuchabouthowconsumers

salwayschangefasterthan

marketing;sowehavetolookatwhat

consumersaredoing.

CurrentlyIteachconsumerbehaviorto

undergraduatesintheircondyearandwe

lookatallkindsofthingsinconsumer

behaviorandparticularlyhowconsumersare

prentedinadvertising.

Sotheygetinvolvedbylookingat

advertisingandreallycriticallyasssing

theconsumerbehavioraspectsofitand

gettinginvolvedsometimesdoingprimary

rearch.

Forexample,lastyearmystudentsspent

aweeklookingattheirownpurchasingand

analyzeditindetailfromshoppingtothe

relationshipthattheyhavewiththeir

retailbanksandtheirmobilephone

theyfounditveryuful

anditalsohelpedthemidentifyjustwhat

tofthe

matteristhatthere'sawholerangeof

interestingrearchoutthereandIthink

astheyearsgoon,there'sgoingtobemuch

moreforustoconsiderandcertainlymuch

moreforstudentstobecomeinvolvedin.

thespeakercurrentlydoing?

sthespeakerfoundaboutyoung

people'sdrinking?

esthespeakersaythathis

studentsdidlastyear?

Passage2

SwedenwasthefirstEuropeancountryto

printandupapermoney,butitmaysoon

doawaywithphysicalcurrencies.

Bankscansavealotofmoneyandavoid

regulatoryheadachesbymovingtoa

cash-freesystem,andtheycanalsoavoid

bankrobberies,theft,anddirtymoney.

ClaerBarrett,theeditorofFinancial

TimesMoney,saystheWesternworldis

headedtowardaworldwithoutphysical

currency.

"AndyHolder—thechiefeco|nomistat

TheBankofEngland—suggestedthattheUK

movetowardsagovernment-backeddigital

sacashlesssocietyreally

makegoodeconomicn?

"Thefactthatcashisbeingdrawnoutof

society,islessafeatureofoureveryday

lives,andtheeaofelectronicpayments

—isthisactuallymakingusspendmore

moneywithoutrealizingit?"

Barrettwantedtofindoutiftheabnce

ofphysicalcurrencydoesindeedcaua

persontospendmore,soshedecidedto

conductanexperimentafewmonthsago.

Shedecidedthatshewasgoingtotryto

justucashfortwoweekstomakeallof

heresntialpurchasandewhatthat

ndshedid

spendalotlessmoneybecauitis

incrediblyhardtopredicthowmuchcashone

isgoingtoneed—shewasforeverdrawing

later,she

wasstillfindingcashstuffedinher

trourpocketsandthepocketsofher

handbags.

Duringtheexperiment,Barretttooka

ay,therewasan

announcementthattherestaurantcarwasnot

in

carswerefilledwithgroansbecaumanyof

thepasngersweretravelingwithoutcash.

"Itunderlinesjusthowmuchthingshave

changedinthelastgeneration,"Barrett

says."Myparents,whentheywereyounger,

udtobudgetbyputtingmoneyinto

envelopes—they'dgetpaidandthey'd

immediatelyparatethecashintopilesand

puttheminenvelopes,sotheyknewwhatthey

very

effectivewayforthemtokeeptrackoftheir

ys,we'realloncredit

cards,we'redoingonlinepurchas,and

moneyiskindofbecomingalessphysicaland

moreimaginarytypeofthingthatwecan't

getourhandsaround."

welearnaboutSweden?

dClaerBarrettwanttofind

outwithherexperiment?

dClaerBarrettfindonher

trainride?

peopleofthelastgeneration

budgettheirspending?

Passage3

Whyshouldyouconsidertakingacourin

demographyincollege?You’llbegrowingup

inagenerationwherethebabyboomersare

l

facetheproblemsintheagingofthe

populationthathaveneverbeenfacedbefore.

Youwillhearmoreandmoreaboutmigration

betweencountriesandbetweenruralareas

dtounderstandasa

citizenandasataxpayerandasavoter

what’sreallybehindthearguments.

Iwanttotellyouaboutthepast,prent

’

ow,a

meanstheywakeuphungry,theyarehungry

allday,andtheygotosleephungry.A

billionpeoplearelivinginslums,notthe

samebillionpeople,butthereissome

inslumsmeanstheydon’t

haveinfrastructuretotakethegarbageaway,

theydon’thavecurewatersuppliesto

drink.

Nearlyabillionpeopleareilliterate.

Trytoimagineyourlifebeingilliterate.

Youcan’treadthelabelsonthebottlesin

thesupermarket,ifyoucangettoa

-thirdsofthopeoplewho

areilliteratearewomenandabout200to215

millionwomendon’thaveaccesstobirth

controltheywant,sothattheycancontrol

notonlya

alf

ofallpregnanciesgloballyareunintended.

Sothoareexamplesofpopulation

problems.

Demographygivesyouthetoolsto

understandandtoaddresstheproblems.

It’snotonlythestudyofhumanpopulation,

butthepopulationsofnon-humanspecies,

includingviruslikeinfluenza,the

bacteriainyourgut,plantsthatyoueat,

animalsthatyouenjoyorthatprovideyou

aphyalsoincludesthe

studyofnon-livingobjectslikelightbulbs

andtaxicabs,andbuildingsbecauthe

iesthe

populations,inthepast,prentandfuture,

usingquantitativedataandmathematical

modelsastoolsofanalysis.

Iedemographyasacentralsubject

emeansto

intervenemorewily,andmoreeffectively

intherealworld,toimprovethewellbeing,

notonlyofyourlfimportantasthatmay

bebutofpeoplearoundyouandofother

specieswithwhomwesharetheplanet.

Questions23-25arebadontherecording

youhavejustheard.

oneoftheproblemsthespeaker

mentionsinhistalk?

esthespeakersayabout

pregnancies?

sthespeakerviewthestudyof

populations?