六级真题答案

2019年6月大学英语六级考试真题及参考答

案（第1套）

PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritean

shouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.

【参考范文】

Asanoldsayinggoes,knowledgecanchangeone’rto

acquireknowledge,r,itcannotbeignored

thateffectivelearningneedsbothmotivationandscientificmethods.

It’snotdifficultforustocomeupwithveralpossiblereasons

irstplace,learningisa

ore,noteveryoneisabletokeep

s,scientific

ofusbelievethatthelongeryoustudy,thebettergradesyouwill

tofexperiencesofourclassmatesprovethatthisview

ils,studyingforalongtimeis

exhaustinganditisverylikelytodecreastudyefficiency,which

iscriticaltoacademicperformance.

Fromwhathasbeenmentionedabove,wecaneasilydrawaconclusion

thattheimportanceofmotivationandmethodsinlearningislf-

snecessaryforustodevelopgoodlearningmethods.

【参考范文译文】

俗话说，知识能改变命运。因此，为了获得知识，我们必须努力学习。然而，不

可忽略的是，有效的学习既离不开学习动力的存在，也离不开科学的学习方法。

不难列举上述观点的原因。首先，学习是一件严肃且困难的事。因此，不是每个

人都能在没有某种内在动机的情况下一直继续。此外，科学的方法在提高学习效

率方面发挥着重要的作用。我们当中有不少人都认为，学习的时间越长，成绩就

会越好。但是我们周边同学的很多经历证明这个观点并不完全正确。具体来说，

长时间的学习是累人的，因此它很可能会降低学习效率，而学习效率对于学业成

绩来说却是至关重要的。

综上所述，我们可以很容易就得出如下结论：学习动机和方法的重要性是不言而

喻的，因此我们非常有必要形成良好的学习方法。

PartⅡListeningComprehension(30minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthisction,

theendofeachconversation,e

ou

hearaquestion,youmustchoothebestanswerfromthefourchoices

markedA），B），C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswer

Sheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions1to4arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

1.A)whyRomanHolidaywasmorefamousthanBreakfastatTiffany’s.

B)whyAudreyHepburnhadmorefemalefansthanmaleones.

C)WhythewomanwantedtobelikeAudreyHepburn.

D)whysomanygirlsadoredAudreyHepburn.

2.A)Heruniquepersonality.

B)Herphysicalcondition.

C)Hershiftofinteresttoperformingarts.

D)Herfamily’ssuspensionoffinancialaid.

3.A)Shewasnotanoutgoingperson.

B)Shewasmodestandhardworking

C)Shewaasy-goingonthewhole.

D)Shewasusuallynotveryoptimistic.

4.A)Shewasinfluencedbytherolessheplayedinthefilms.

B)Herparentstaughthertosymbolizewiththeneedy.

C)Shelearnedtovolunteerwhenshewasachild.

D)Herfamilybenifitedfromotherpeople’shelp.

Questions5to8arebadontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

5.A)Giveaprentation.

B)Risomequestions.

C)Startanewcompany.

D)Ateedaboardmeeting.

6.A)Itwillcutproductioncosts.

B)Itwillraiproductivities.

C)Nostaffwilllbedismisd.

D)Nonewstaffwillbehired.

7.

A)Thetimelineofrestructuring.

B)Thereasonsforrestructuring.

C)Thecommunicationchannels.

D)Thecompany’snewmissions.

8.

A)Byconsultingtheirowndepartmentmanagers.

B)Byemailingquestionstothemanorthewoman.

C)Byexploringvariouschannelsofcommunication.

D)Byvisitingthecompany’sowncomputernetwork.

SectionB

Directions:Inthisction,ndof

eachpassage,epassage

ouhearaquestion,

youmustchoothebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA)，B)，

C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1with

asinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions9to11arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

9.

A)Ithelpspasngerstotakecareoftheirpetanimals.

B)Ithasanimalstohelppasngerscarrytheirlanguage.

C)Itustherapyanimalstosoothenervouspasngers.

D)Itallowspasngerstohaveanimaltravelwiththem.

10.

A)Avoidingpossibledangers.

B)Findingtheirwayaround.

C)Identifyingdrugsmugglers.

D)Lookingaftersickpasngers.

11.

A)Scheduletheirflightsaroundtheanimalvisits.

B)Photographthetherapyanimalsattheairport.

C)Keepsomeanimalsfortherapeuticpurpos.

D)Bringtheiranimalsonboardtheirplane.

Questions12to15arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

12.

A)BesideabeautifullypaintedwallinArles.

B)BesidethegateofanancientRomancity.

C)AtthesiteofanancientRomanmansion.

D)AttheentrancetoareceptionhallinRome.

13.A)Anumberofdifferentimages.B)Anumberofmythologicalheroes.

C)Variousmusicalinstruments.D)PaintingsbyfamousFrenchartists.

14.A)Theoriginalityandexpertishown.B)Theworldly

sophisticationdisplayed.

C)Thestunningimagesvividlydepicted.D)Theimpressiveskillsand

costlydyes.

15.A)Hisartistictasteissuperb.B)Hisidentityremainsunclear.

C)Hewasacollectorofantiques.D)HewasarichItalianmerchant.

SectionC

Directions:Inthisction,youwillhearthreerecordingsof

ordings

ouhearaquestion,youmustchoo

thebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Then

markthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasingleline

throughthecentre.

Questions16to18arebadontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

16.A)Theyencourageinternationalcooperation.

B)Theylaystressonbasicscientificrearch.

C)Theyplacegreatemphasisonempiricalstudies.

D)Theyfavourscientistsfromitsmembercountries.

17.A)Manyofthemwishtowininternationalrecognition.

B)Theybelievethatmorehandswillmakelightwork.

C)Theywanttofollowclolytheinternationaltrend.

D)Manyoftheirprojectshavebecomecomplicated.

18.A)Itrequiresmathematicianstoworkindependently.

B)Itisfacedwithmanyunprecedentedchallenges.

C)Itlagsbehindotherdisciplinesincollaboration.

D)Itcallsformorerearchfundingtocatchup.

Questions19to21arebadontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

19.A)ScientiststriedtondaballoontoVenus.

B)ScientistsdiscoveredwateronVenus.

C)ScientistsfoundVenushadatmosphere.

D)ScientistsobrvedVenusfromaspacevehicle.

20.A)ItremblesEarthinmanyaspects.

B)Itisthesameasfictionhasportrayed.

C)Itisaparadiofromanceforalienlife.

D)ItundergoesgeologicalchangeslikeEarth.

21.A)Itmighthavebeenhotterthanitistoday.

B)Itmighthavebeenacozyhabitatforlife.

C)ItudtohavemorewaterthanEarth.

D)Itudtobecoveredwithrainforests.

Questions22to25arebadontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

22.A)Causofsleeplessness.

B)Cross-culturalcommunication.

C)Culturalpsychology.

D)Motivationandpositivefeelings.

23.A)Theyattachgreatimportancetosleep.

B)Theyoftenhavetroublefallingasleep.

C)Theypaymoreattentiontosleepefficiency.

D)TheygenerallysleeplongerthanEastAsians.

24.A)Byaskingpeopletoreporttheirsleephabits.

B)Byobrvingpeople’ssleeppatternsinlabs.

C)Byhavingpeoplewearmotion-detectingwatches.

D)Byvideotapingpeople’sdailysleepingprocess.

25.A)Ithasmaderemarkableprogressinthepastfewdecades.

B)Ithasnotyetexploredthecross-culturalaspectofsleep.

C)Ithasnotyetproducedanythingconclusive.

D)Ithasattachedattentionallovertheworld.

【参考答案】1-5DBADA6-10CBBCB11-15ACADD16-20ADCBA21-25CCDCB

PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthisction,

arerequiredtolectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoices

epassagethrough

oiceinthebankis

markthecorrespondingletterforeach

maynotuanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Questions26to35arebadonthefollowingpassage.

Pastaisnolongeroffthemenu,afteranewreviewofstudiessuggested

thatthecarbohydratecanformpartofahealthydiet,andevenhelp

rs,nutritionistshaverecommendedthat

pastabekepttoa26,tocutcalories,preventfatbuild-upandstop

bloodsugar27up.

Thelow-carbohydratefoodmovementgavebirthtosuchdietsasthe

Atkins,PaleoandKeto,whichadvidswappingfoodslikebread,pasta

andpotatoesforvegetables,centlythetrendof

swappingspaghettiforvegetableshasbeen28byclean-eatingexperts.

Butnowa29reviewandanalysisof30studiesbyCanadianrearchers

foundthatnotonlydoespastanotcauweightgain,butthreemeals

aweekcanhelppeopledropmorethanhalfakilogramoverfourmonths.

Thereviewersfoundthatpastahadbeenunfairlydemonized(妖魔化)

becauithadbeen30inwithother,moreft-promotingcarbohydrates.

“Thestudyfoundthatpastadidn’t3toweightgainorincreain

bodyfat,”saidleadauthorDrJohnSievenpiper.“In32theevidence,

wecannowsaywithsomeconfidencethatpastadoesnothavean33

effectonbodyweighoutcomeswhenitisconsumedaspartofahealthy

dietarypattern.”Infact,analysisactuallyshowedasmallweighloss

spastacanbepartofahealthydiet

Thoinvolvedinthe35trialsonaverageate3.3rvingsofpasta

aweekinsteadofothercarbohydrates,onervingequalingaroundhalf

staroundhalfakilogramoveranaveragefollow-upof

12weeks.

A)adver

B)championed

C)clinical

D)contrary

E)contribute

F)intimate

G)lumped

H)magnified

I)minimum

J)radiating

K)ration

L)shooting

M)subscribe

N)systematic

O)weighing

26-30KLBNG

31-35EOADC

SectionB

Directions:Inthisction,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithten

atementcontainsinformationgiven

fytheparagraphfromwhichthe

chooaparagraphmorethanonce.

thequestionsbymarking

thecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.

TheBestRetailersCombineBricksandClicks

A)re

gtheearnings

announcementsoflargeretailstoreslikeMacy’s,Nordstrom,and

nd

mortarstores(实体店)emtobegoingthewayoftheyellowpages.

Sureenough,theCensusBureaujustreleaddatashowingthatonline

retailsalessurged15.2percentbetweenthefirstquarterof2015and

thefirstquarterof2016.

B)Butbeforeyoudumpallofyourretailstocks,therearemorefacts

gonlyatthat15.2percent"surge"would

nincreathatwasonasmallbaof6.9

enatinynumbergrowsbyalargepercentageterms,it

isoftenstilltiny.

C)Morethan20yearsaftertheinternetwasopenedtocommerce,the

CensusBureautellsusthatbrickandmortarsalesaccountedfor92.3

atashow

thatonly0.8percentofretailsalesshiftedfromofflinetoonline

betweenthebeginningof2015and2016.

D)So,despiteallthetalkaboutdrone(无人机)deliveriestoyour

doorstep,alltheretailexecutivexpressinganxietyoverconsumers

goingonline,andevenaPresidentialcandidateexclaimingthatAmazon

hasa"hugeantitrustproblem,"theCensusdatasuggestthatphysical

,theclodstores,depresdexecutives,

'stherealstory?

E)

retailindustryisgettingreinvented,aswedescribeinournewbook

'sstandinginthePathofwhatSchumpetercalleda

gale(大风)ormhasbeenbrewingfor

sometime,andasithasreachedgaleforce,mostlargeretailersare

FOofMacy’sputitrecently,

“We’refranklyscratchingourheads.”

F)Butit’eakofthe

ble,brickandmortarretailwasoneofthoindustries

stdiscreditedmostpredictionsofthatsortandinthe

yearsthatfollowed,onventionalretailers’confidenceinthefuture

n

thegalehit.

G)Itisbecomingincreasinglyclearthatretailreinventionisn’ta

out

devisingretailmodelsthatworkforpeoplewhoaremakingincreasing

uofagrowingarrayofinternet-connectedtoolstochangehowthey

arch,shop,veretailersareusingthenew

technologiestoinnovatejustabouteverythingstoresdofrommanaging

inventory,tomarketing,togettingpaid.

H)Morethandronesdroppinganewsupplyofunderwearonyourdoorstep,

Apple’smassivelysuccessfulbrick-and-mortar-and-glassretailstores

andAmazon’ssmallstepsinthesamedirectionarewhatshouldkeep

entionthelargenumber

ofcreativenewretailers,likeBonobos,thatareblendingonlineand

offlineexperiencesincreativeways.

I)Retailreinventionisnotasimpleprocess,andit’salsonot

happeningonwhatudtobecalled"InternetTime."Someinternet-

drivenchangeshavehappenedquickly,listquickly

overtooknewspaperclassifiedadsandturnednewspapereconomicsupside

ywidelyanticipatedchangesweren’tquick,andsome

haven’ebenefitofhindsight(后见之明),it

looksliketheinteractwilltransformtheeconomyatsomethinglike

thepaceofothergreatinventionslikeelectricity.B2Bcommerce,for

example,didn’tmovemainlyonlineby2005asmanyhadpredictedin

2000,norevenby2016,butthatdoesn’tmeanitwon’tdosoover

thenextfewdecades.

J)dendeclineinfoottraffic

inrecentyears,eventhoughithasn’tbeenaccompaniedbyamassive

declineinphysicalsales,canshopmore

efficientlyonlineandthereforedon’tneedtogotoasmanystores

’sasurplusofphysicalshoppingspace

forthecrowds,whichisonereasonwhystoresaredownsizingand

closing.

K)Theriofthemobilephonehasrecentlyaddedanewlevelof

veyearsago

ourcomputer,probablyathomeor

attheoffice,archandbrow,outtothemall,or

MainStreet,lookandshop,,justabouteveryonehasa

smartphone,connectedtotheinternetalmosteverywherealmostallthe

enaretailergetsacustomertowalkinthestore,she

caneasilyeifthere’sabetterdealonlineoratanotherstore

nearby.

L)Sofar,themainthingmanylargeretailershavedoneinrespon

toallthisistoopenonlinestores,sopeoplewillcometothem

directlyratherthantoAmazonanditssmalleronlinerivals．Manyare

theygetonline

traffic,theystruggletomakeenoughmoneyonlinetocompensatefor

whattheyarelosingoffline.

M)Afewemtobemakingthiswork．Amonglargetraditionalretailers,

Walmartrecentlyreportedthebestresults,leadingitsstockpriceto

surge,whileMacy’s,Target,andNordstrom’mart’s

year-over-yearonlinesalesonlygrew7percent,leadingitsCEOto

lament(哀叹),“Growthhereistooslow．”Partoftheproblemisthat

almosttwodecadesafterAmazonfiledtheone．clickpatent,theonline

retailshoppingandbuyingexperienceisfilledwithfrictions．Arecent

studygradedmorethan600internetretailersonhoweasyitwasfor

consumerstoshop,buy,andpay．Almosthalfofthesitesdidn’tget

apassinggradeandonly18percentgotanAorB．

N)Theturmoilonthegroundinphysicalretailishardtosquarewith

theCensusdata．Unfortunately,partoftheexplanationisthatthe

Censusretaildataareunreliable．Ourdeep100kintothodataand

theirpreparationrevealedriousproblems．ItemslikelythatCensus

simplymisclassifiesalargechunkofonlinesales．Itiscertainthat

theCensusprocedures,whichlumptheonlinesalesofmajortraditional

retailerslikeWalmartwith“non-storeretailers"1ikefoodtrucks．can

maskmajorchangesinindividualretailcategories．Thebureaucould

easilyprenttheirdatainmoreufulways．buttheyhavechon

notto.

O)Despitetheturmoil,brickandmortarwon’tdisappearanytime

soon．Thebigquestionsarewhich,ifany,ofthelargetraditional

retailerswillstillbeonthesceneinadecadeortwobecauthey

havesuccessfullyreinventedthemlves,whichnewplayerswilloperate

busystoresonMainStreetsandmaybeeveninshoppingmalls,andhow

theshoppingandbuyingexperiencewillhavechangedineachretail

orsshouldn’rthey

shouldbetonthetraditionalplayerswhorunthostoresnowis

anothermatter

ghonlineretailinghaxistedforsometwentyyears,nearly

halfoftheinternetretailersstillfailtoreceivesatisfactory

feedbackfromconsumers,accordingtoarecentsurvey．

tiveretailersintegrateinternettechnologieswith

conventionalretailingtocreatenewretailmodels．

ewhattheCensusdatasuggest,thevalueofphysical

retail’sstockshasbeendropping．

tive—drivenchangesintheretailindustrydidn’ttakeplace

asquicklyaswidelyanticipated．

ticsindicatethatbrickandmortarsalesstillmadeupthe

lion’sshareoftheretailbusiness.

iesthatsuccessfullycombineonlineandofflinebusiness

modelsmayprovetobeabigconcernfortraditionalretailers.

ndmortarretailers’faithintheirbusinesswas

strengthenedwhenthedotcombubbleburst.

ethetremendouschallengesfromonlineretailing,

traditionalretailingwillbeheretostayforquitesometime.

eriofonlinecommerce,physicalretailstoresarelikely

tosufferthesamefateasitheyellowpages.

euofsmartphoneshasmadeitmorecomplexfortraditional

retailerstoreinventtheirbusiness.

36-40MGDIC

41-45HFOAK

SectionC

Directions:ssageis

hofthem

therearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideon

thebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet

2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions46to50arebadonthefollowingpassage.

ProfessorStephenHawkinghaswarnedthatthecreationofpowerful

artifcialintelligence(AI)willbe“eitherthebest,ortheworst

thing,evertohappentohumanity”,andpraidthecreationofan

academicinstitutededicatedtorearchingthefutureofintelligence

as“crucialtothefutureofourcivilisationandourspecies”.

HawkingwasspeakingattheopeningoftheLeverhulmeCentreforthe

FutureofIntelligence(LCFI)atCambridgeUniversity,amulti-

disciplinaryinstitutethatwillattempttotacklesomeoftheopen-

endedquestionsraidbytherapidpaceofdevelopmentinAIrearch.

“Wespendagreatdealoftimestudyinhistory,”Hawkingsaid,

“which,let’sfaceit,;s

awelcomechangethatpeoplearestudyinginsteadthefutureof

intelligence.”

Whiletheworld-renownedphysicisthasoftenbeencautiousaboutAI,

raisingconcernsthathumanitycouldbethearchitectofitsown

destructionifitcreatesasuper-intelligencewithawillofitsown,

hewasalsoquicktohighlightthepositivesthatAIrearchcanbring.

“Thepotentialbenefitsofcreatingintelligencearehuge,”hesaid.

“Wecannotpredictwhatwemightachievewhenourownmindsare

swiththetoolsofthisnewtechnological

revolution,wewillbeabletoundosomeofthedamagedonetothe

elywewill

ryaspectofour

t,successincreatingAIcouldbe

thebiggesteventinthehistoryofourcivilization.”

HuwPrice,thecentre’sacademicdirectorandtheBertrandRusll

professorofphilosophyatCambridgeUniversity,whereHawkingisalso

anacademic,saidthatthecentrecameaboutpartiallyasaresultof

theuniversity’stituteexamined

awiderrangeofpotentialproblemsforhumanity,whiletheLCFIhas

anarrowfocus.

AIpioneerMargaretBoden,professorofcognitivescienceatthe

UniversityofSusx,

recentlyas2009,shesaid,thetopicwasn’ttakenriously,even

amongAIrearchers.“AIishugelyexciting,”shesaid,“butit

haslimitations,whichprentgravedangersgivenuncriticalu.”

Theacademiccommunityisnotaloneinwarningaboutthepotential

rofpioneers

fromthetechnologyindustry,mostfamouslytheentrepreneurElonMusk,

havealsoexpresdtheirconcernsaboutthedamagethatasuper-

intelligentAIcoulddotohumanity.

dStephenHawkingthinkofartificialintelligence?

A)Itwouldbevitaltotheprogressofhumancivilisation.

B)Itmightbeablessingoradisasterinthemaking.

C)Itmightprentchallengesaswellasopportunities.

D)Itwouldbeasignificantexpansionofhumanintelligence.

dHawkingsayaboutthecreationoftheLCFI?

A)ItwouldacceleratetheprogressofAIrearch.

B)ItwouldmarkastepforwardintheAIindustry.

C)Itwaxtremelyimportanttothedestinyofhumankind.

D)Itwasanachievementofmulti-disciplinarycollaboration.

dHawkingsaywasawelcomechangeinAIrearch?

A)Theshiftofrearchfocusfromthepasttothefuture.

B)Theshiftofrearchfromtheorytoimplementation.

C)ThegreateremphasisonthenegativeimpactofAI.

D)Theincreasingawarenessofmankind’spaststupidity.

ncernsdidHawkingraiaboutAI?

A)Itmayexceedhumanintelligencesoonerorlater.

B)Itmayultimatelyover-amplifythehumanmind.

C)Super-intelligencemaycauitsowndestruction.

D)Super-intelligencemayeventuallyruinmankind.

welearnaboutsomeentrepreneursfromthetechnology

industry?

A)Theyaremuchinfluencedbytheacademiccommunity.

B)TheyaremostlikelytobenefitfromAIdevelopment.

C)TheysharethesameconcernsaboutAIasacademics.

D)TheybelievetheycankeepAIunderhumancontrol.

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebadonthefollowingpassage.

Themarketforproductsdesignedspecificallyforolderadultscould

reach$30billionbynextyear,andstartups(初创公司)wantinonthe

eysometimeslackisfeedbackfromthepeoplewhothey

kdale,thecountry’slargest

ownerofretirementcommunities,hasbeeninvitingafewlect

entrepreneursjusttomoveinforafewdays,showofftheirproducts

andhearwhattheresidentshavetosay.

That’swhatbroughtDayleRodriguez,28,allthewayfromEnglandto

thediningroomofBrookdaleSouthBayinTorrance,California.

Rodriguezisthecommunityandmarketingmanagerforacompanycalled

rtup’sproduct,SentabTV,enablesolderadultswhomay

notbecomfortablewithcomputerstoaccesmail,videochatand

socialmediausingjusttheirtelevisionsandaremotecontrol.

“It’snothingnew,it’snothingtoocomplicatedandit’snatural

becaulotsofpeoplehaveTVremotes,”saysRodriguez.

ButnoneofthatisthetopicofconversationintheBrookdaledining

d,Rodriguezsolicitsresidents’adviceonwhatheshould

g

cardswasontheagenda,aswellaslearningtoplaymahjong(麻将).

Rodriguezsaysit’simportantthatresidentsheredon’tfeellike

he’sllingthemsomething.“I’vehadmorefeedbackinapassive

approach,”hesays.“Playingpool,playingcards,havingdinner,

havinglunch,”allworkbetter“thangoingthroughasurveyof

eygettoknowmeandtotrustme,knowingforsure

I’mnotllingthemsomething—there’llbemorehonestfeedbackfrom

them.”

Rodriguezisjusttheventhentrepreneurtomoveintooneof

Brookdale’s1,ewproductsin

theprogramhaveincludedakindoffull-bodyblowdryerandspecially

designedclothingthatallowspeoplewithdisabilitiestodressand

undressthemlves.

MaryLouBusch,93,tells

Rodriguezthatitmightbegoodforsomeone,butnotforher.

“IhavethecomputerandFaceTime,whichItalkwithmyfamilyon,”she

ohasaniPadandasmartphone.“SoIdoprettymuch

everythingIneedtodo.”

Tobefair,ifRodriguezhadwantedfeedbackfromsomemore

technophobic(害怕技术的)niors,hemighthaveendedupinthewrong

eislocatedintheheartofSouthern

California’sidentshavebackgroundsin

engineering,businessandacademiccircles.

ButRodriguezsayshe'sstilllearningsomethingimportantbymoving

intothisBrookdalecommunity:“Peoplearemoretech-proficientthan

wethought.”

Andbesides,whereelwouldhelearntoplaymahjong?

esthepassagesayaboutthestartups?

A)Theyneverlotimeinupgradingproductsforniors.

B)Theywanttohaveashareoftheniors’goodsmarket.

C)Theyinviteniorstotheircompaniestotrytheirproducts.

D)Theytrytoprofitfrompromotingdigitalproductstoniors.

trepreneurshavebeeninvitedtoBrookdaleto

A)haveaninterviewwithpotentialcustomers

B)conductasurveyofretirementcommunities

C)collectresidents’feedbackontheirproducts

D)showniorresidentshowtouITproducts

weknowaboutSentabTV?

A)ItisaTVprogramcateringtotheinterestoftheelderly.

B)ItisadigitalTVwhichenjoyspopularityamongniors.

C)ItisaTVspeciallydesignedforniorstoviewprograms.

D)ItisacommunicationsystemviaTVinsteadofacomputer.

esRodriguezsayisimportantinpromotingproducts?

A)Winningtrustfromprospectivecustomers.

B)Knowingthelikesanddislikesofcustomers.

C)Demonstratingtheirsuperiorityonthespot.

D)Respondingpromptlytocustomerfeedback.

welearnabouttheniorsintheBrookdalecommunity?

A)MostofthemareinterestedinusingtheSentab.

B)Theyarequiteateawithhigh-techproducts.

C)Theyhavemuchincommonwithniorlwhere.

D)Mostofthemenjoyalongerlifethanaveragepeople.

46-50BCADC51-55BCDAB

PartⅣTranslation(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslatea

uldwriteyouranswer

onAnswerSheet2.

成语（Chineidioms）是汉语中的一种独特的表达方式，大多由四个汉字组成。

它们高度简练且形式固定，但通常能形象地表达深刻的含义。成语大多数来源于

中国古代的文学作品，通常与某些神话、传说或者历史事件有关。如果不知道某

个成语的出处，就很难理解其确切含义。因为，学习成语有助于人们更好地理解

中国传统文化。成语在日常会话和文学创作中广泛使用。恰当使用成语可以使一

个人的语言更具表现力，交流更有效。

【译文】

Chineidioms,mostlymadeupoffourChinecharacters,isa

etheirhighconcinessand

regularform,theycanusuallyvividlyexpressprofoundmeanings.

Chineidioms,mostlyoriginatingfromliteraryworksofancientChina,

areusuallyrelatedtosomemyths,

onehasnoideawhereChineidiomscomefrom,itwillbedifficult

ore,learning

ChineidiomshelpspeoplehaveabetterunderstandingofChine

eidiomsarewidelyudinthedaily

hemproperlycanenable

one’slanguagemoreexpressive,andthusmakethecommunicationmore

effective.

【逐句解析】

(1)成语(Chineidioms)是汉语中的一种独特的表达方式，大多由四个汉

字组成。

【解析】考查一主多动词的翻译：同一个主语“成语”有两个动词“是”和

“由…组成”，可以将“由组成”处理为非谓语动词。独特的：unique;表达方

式：expression;由…组成：bemadeupof;汉字：Chinecharacter

【译文】Chineidioms,mostlymadeupoffourChinecharacters,

isauniqueexpressioninChine.

(2)它们高度简练且形式固定，但通常能形象地表达深刻的含义。

【解析】考查逻辑关系：前后句有明显的让步转折关系。“高度简练”和“形

式固定”可以统一处理为名词词性：highconcinessandregularform;形象

地：vividly;深刻含义：profoundmeaning

【译文】Despitetheirhighconcinessandregularform,theycan

usuallyvividlyexpressprofoundmeanings.

(3)成语大多来源于中国古代的文学作品，通常与某些神话、传说或者历史

事件有关。

【解析】考查一主多动词的翻译：同一个主语“成语”有两个动词“来源于”

和“与…有关”，可以将“来源于”处理为非谓语动词;来源于：originatefrom;

文学作品：literature;中国古代：ancientChina;神话：myth;传说：legend;

历史事件：historicalevent;与…有关：berelatedto

【译文】Chineidioms,mostlyoriginatingfromliteraryworksof

ancientChina,areusuallyrelatedtosomemyths,legendsorhistorical

events.

(4)如果不知道某个成语的出处，就很难理解其确切含义。

【解析】考查缺主语的翻译，可补上“one”;“某个成语的出处”可译为“where

aChineidiomcomesfrom”;考查it作形式主语的句型：“很难理解”译为

itisdifficultforustounderstand;确切含义：precimeaning

【译文】IfonehasnoideawhereChineidiomscomefrom,itwill

bedifficultforhimtounderstandtheirprecimeaning.

(5)因此，学习成语有助于人们更好地理解中国传统文化。

【解析】考查动名词作主语的翻译;更好理解：haveabetterunderstanding

of;中国传统文化：Chinetraditionalculture

【参考答案】Therefore,learningChineidiomshelpspeoplehavea

betterunderstandingofChinetraditionalculture.

(6)成语在日常会话和文学创作中广泛使用。

【解析】考查被动结构：“广泛使用”译为：bewidelyud;日常会话：

dailyconversation;文学创作：literarycreation

【参考答案】Chineidiomsarewidelyudinthedailyconversation

andtheliterarycreation.

(7)恰当使用成语可以使一个人的语言更具有表现力，交流更有效。

【解析】考查动名词作主语的翻译：“恰当使用成语”译为usingthem

properly;有表现力的：expressive;交流：communication;有效的：effective

【参考答案】Usingthemproperlycanenableone’slanguagemore

expressive,andthusmakethecommunicationmoreeffective.

2019年6月大学英语六级考试真题及参考答

案（第2套）

PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritean

essayontheimportanceofmutualunderstandingandrespectin

uldwriteatleast150wordsbut

nomorethan200words.

【参考范文】

Whenitcomestointerpersonalrelationships,itisimportanttoshow

mutualunderstandingandrespect.

Itisapparentthatmutualunderstandingandrespectarecrucial.

areintheworkplace,mutualunderstandingandrespectalsoshouldbe

mple,youmayhaveadifferentperspectiveonhowa

taskwillproceedwithyourcollege,ifyouunderstandthatitis

naturalthatpeoplecouldhavedifferentperspectivesbecauof

diverupbringingandeducation,quarrelscouldbeavoidedanda

,ifyourespectoneanotheratwork,

of

thebiggestbenefitsofrespectingoneanotherinworkplaceisthat

youbegintoimproverelationshipsandafriendlyandproductive

workingenvironmentcanbecreated.

Onthebasisoftheanalysisabove,wemaydrawaconclusionthat

mutualunderstandingandrespectreallycountinthiscompetitive

,weshouldlearntorespectpeoplearoundus.

【参考范文译文】

相互理解与尊重在人际关系中起着非常重要的作用。

理解与尊重的好处是显而易见的，在当下的环境中没有人可以在工作和事业中取

得成功，如果缺少这种精神。比如，在工作中，对于一项工作你可能会和同事有

不同的看法，但是如果你能够理解每个人由于成长过程不同，接受的教育不同，

对待事物会有不同的看法，这是很自然的。如果能够相互理解和尊重，就可以避

免冲突快递找到解决之道。还有一点就是你理解尊重别人，也会让别人理解尊重

你。这样就能够有一个良好的工作环境。

PartⅡListeningComprehension(30minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthisction,

theendofeachconversation,e

ou

hearaquestion,youmustchoothebestanswerfromthefourchoices

markedA），B），C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswer

Sheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions1to4arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

1.A)Asix-month-longnegotiation.

B)Preparationsfortheparty.

C)Aprojectwithatroublesomeclient.

D)Giftwrappingforthecolleagues.

2.A)Takeweddingphotos.

B)Advertihercompany.

C)Startasmallbusiness.

D)Throwacelebrationparty.

3.A)Hesitant.

B)Nervous.

C)Flattered.

D)Surprid.

4.A)Startherownbakery.

B)Improveherbakingskill.

C)Sharehercookingexperience.

D)Prepareforthewedding.

Questions5to8arebadontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

5.A)Theyhavetospendmoretimestudying.

B)Theyhavetoparticipateinclubactivities.

C)Theyhavetobemoreresponsibleforwhattheydo.

D)Theyhavetochooaspecificacademicdiscipline.

6.A)Getreadyforacareer.

B)Makealotoffriends.

C)Setalong-termgoal.

D)Behavelikeadults.

7.A)Thowhoshareheracademicinterests.

B)Thowhorespectherstudentcommitments.

C)Thowhocanhelpherwhensheisinneed.

D)Thowhogotothesameclubsasshedoes.

8.A)Thohelpfulfortappingtheirpotential.

B)Thoconducivetoimprovingtheirsocialskills.

C)Thohelpfulforcultivatingindividualinterests.

D)Thoconducivetotheiracademicstudies.

SectionB

Directions:Inthisction,ndof

eachpassage,epassage

ouhearaquestion,

youmustchoothebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA)，B)，

C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1with

asinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions9to11arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

9.A)Theybreakawayfromtraditionalwaysofthinking.

B)Theyarepreparedtoworkharderthananyoneel.

C)Theyaregoodatrefiningoldformulas.

D)Theybringtheirpotentialintofullplay.

10.A)Theycontributedtothepopularityofskiingworldwide.

B)Theyresultedinabrandnewstyleofskiingtechniques.

C)Theypromotedthescientificuofskiingpoles.

D)Theymadeexplosivenewsinthesportsworld.

11.A)Hewasrecognizedasageniusintheworldofsports.

B)Hecompetedinallmajorskiingeventsintheworld.

C)HewonthreegoldmedalsinoneWinterOlympics.

D)Hebrokethreeworldskiingrecordsinthreeyears.

Questions12to15arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

12.A)Theyappearrestless.

B)Theyloconsciousness.

C)Theybecomeupt.

D)Theydiealmostinstantly.

13.A)Ithasaninstanteffectonyourbodychemistry.

B)Itkeepsreturningtoyoueverynowandthen.

C)Itleavesyouwithalonglastingimpression.

D)Itcontributestotheshapingofyoumind.

14.A)Tosucceedwhilefeelingirritated.

B)Tofeelhappywithoutgoodhealth.

C)Tobefreefromfrustrationandfailure.

D)Toenjoygoodhealthwhileindarkmoods.

15.A)Theyareclolyconnected.

B)Theyfunctioninasimilarway.

C)Theyaretoocomplextounderstand.

D)Theyreinforceeachotherconstantly.

SectionC

Directions:Inthisction,youwillhearthreerecordingsof

ordings

ouhearaquestion,youmustchoo

thebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Then

markthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasingleline

throughthecentre.

Questions16to18arebadontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

16.A)Theydifferintheirappreciationofmusic.

B)Theyfocustheirattentionondifferentthings.

C)Theyfingerthepianokeysindifferentways.

D)Theychoodifferentpiecesofmusictoplay.

17.A)Theymanagetocooperatewellwiththeirteammates.

B)Theyueffectivetacticstodefeattheircompetitors.

C)Theytryhardtomeetthespectators’expectations.

D)Theyattachgreatimportancetohighperformance.

18.A)Itmarksabreakthroughinbehavioralscience.

B)Itadoptsaconventionalapproachtorearch.

C)Itsupportsapieceofconventionalwisdom.

D)Itgivesritocontroversyamongexperts.

Questions19to21arebadontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

19.A)People’nvyofslimmodels.

B)People’scrazeforgoodhealth.

C)Theincreasingrangeoffancyproducts.

D)Thegreatvarietyofslimmingproducts.

20.A)Theyappearvigorous.

B)Theyappearstrange.

C)Theylookcharming.

D)Theylookunhealthy.

21.A)Cultureandupbringing.

B)Wealthandsocialstatus.

C)Peerpressure.

D)Mediainfluence.

Questions22to25arebadontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

22.A)Therelationbetweenhairandskin.

B)Thegrowinginterestinskinstudies.

C)Thecolorofhumanskin.

D)Theneedofskinprotection.

23.A)Thenecessitytosaveenergy.

B)Adaptationtothehotenvironment.

C)Theneedtobreathewithea.

D)Dramaticclimatechangesonearth.

24.A)Leavesandgrass.

B)Man-madeshelter.

C)Theirskincoloring.

D)Hairontheirskin.

25.A)Theirgeneticmakeupbegantochange.

B)Theircommunitiesbegantogrowsteadily.

C)Theirchildrenbegantomixwitheachother.

D)Theirpaceofevolutionbegantoquicken.

【参考答案】1-5CABAC6-10DBDAB11-15CDADA16-20BDCDB21-25AABCA

PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthisction,

arerequiredtolectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoices

epassagethrough

oiceinthebankis

markthecorrespondingletterforeach

maynotuanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Questions26to35arebadonthefollowingpassage.

Thedreamofpersonalidflightisstillvividinthemindsofmany

inventors,somedevelopingcycle-poweredcraft,others26moneyinto

jetpacks(喷气飞行背包).However,theflyingcarhasalwaysremained

the27symbolofpersonaltransportfreedom.

Severalcompaniesaroundtheworldhaveproduced28thatcandriveon

hasafuturisticmodular(组件式的)concept

involvingapasngercapsulethatcanbe

29fromtheroad-goingchassis(底盘)andpickedupbyahelicopter-

typemachine.

Butalltheconceptsaremassivelyexpensive,requiresafety

certificationstandardsforroadandair,need30controls,involve

complexfoldingwingsandpropellers,andhavetobeflownfromair-

arelikelytoremainrichpeople’splaythingsrather

thanpracticaltransportsolutionsforthemass.

“AcarthattakesofffromsomeLondonstreetandlandsinanother31

streetisunlikelytohappen,”,aleadingaeronautical

engineer.“Skytaxisaremuchmorelikely.”Butthatwon’tstop

inventorsfromdreamingupnewwaystoflyandtryingtopersuade

investorstobacktheirsometimes32schemes.

Civilianaviationisbeingdisrupted,notbytheage-olddesiresfor

speed,romanticismand

33,

electricenginescoupledwithartificialintelligenceand34systems

willcontributetoamoreefficient,integratedtransportsystemthat

ysoundsimple,butasProf.

Graysays,“WhenItravelsomewhereIlikethisnotionthatwhenI

’s

completelyat35withhowIfeeltoday.”Nowthatwouldbeprogress.

A)autonomousI)pouring

B)detachedj)prototypes

C)dualK)random

D)glamourL)repressing

E)imminentM)gmented

F)oddsN)spectrum

G)oppositesO)ultimate

H)outrageous

26-30IOJMC

31-35KHDAF

SectionB

Directions:Inthisction,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithten

atementcontainsinformationgiven

fytheparagraphfromwhichthe

chooaparagraphmorethanonce.

thequestionsbymarking

thecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.

CompaniesAreWorkingwithConsumerstoReduceWaste

A)Asconsumers,ly,theworldgenerates

expectedtogoupto2.2

elopedcountriesareresponsiblefor44%of

waste,,theaveragepersonthrowsawaytheir

bodyweightinrubbisheverymonth.

B)Conventionalwisdomwouldemtosuggestthatcompanieshaveno

incentivetolengthenthelifecycleoftheirproductsandreducethe

,moreandmore

alsopartlyduetobothconsumersandcompaniesbecomingmoreawareof

theneedtoprotectourenvironment.

C)Whenchoosingwhatproductstobuyandwhichbrandstobuyfrom,

oppodtojustpriceandperformancetheywereconcernedaboutinthe

veyof54oftheworld’sleadingbrands,almostallof

themreportedthatconsumersareshowingincreasingcareabout

ametime,surveysonconsumersinthe

attheyalsocareaboutminimizingenergyu

andreducingwaste.

D)Forthemostpart,

somecompaniesarerealizingthatplacingtheburdenofrecycling

entirelyontheconsumerisnotaneffectivestrategy,especiallywhen

tossingsomethingawayemsliketheeasiestandmostconvenient

option.

E)Someretailersandmanufacturersintheclothing,footwear,and

nt

tomaketheircustomersinterestedinprervingtheirproductsand

preventingthingsthatstillhavevaluefromgoingtothegarbagedump.

Byofferingrvicestohelpexpandthelongevityoftheirproducts,

they’repromisingqualityanddurabilitytoconsumers,andreceiving

thereputationalgainsforbeingenvironmentallyfriendly.

F)Forexample,theSwedishjeanscompanyNudieJeansoffersfree

dofdiscardingtheiroldworn-

outjeans,panyeven

providesmail-orderrepairkitsandonlinevideos,sothatcustomers

hilosophyisthat

extendingthelifeofapairofjeansisnotonlygreatforthe

environment,butallowstheconsumertogetmorevalueoutoftheir

stomersdowanttotosstheirpair,theycangivethem

backtothestore,r

clothingcompany,Patagonia,ahigh-endoutdoorclothingstore,follows

artneredwithDIYwebsiteiFixittoteach

consumershowtorepairtheirclothing,suchaswaterproofouterwear,

panyalsooffersarepairprogramfortheircustomers

tly,Patagoniarepairsabout40,000garments

ayearintheirReno,Nevada,ingtothe

company’sCEO,RoMarcario,thisisaboutbuildingacompanythat

ametime,offeringrepairsupports

theperceivedqualityofitsproducts.

G)InBrazil,themultinationalcorporationAdidashasbeenrunninga

shoe-recyclingprogramcalled“SustainableFootprint”since2012.

CustomerscanbringshoesofanybrandintoanAdidasstoretobe

shreddedandturnedintoalternativefuelsforenergycreationinstead

motivatevisitorstobringinmoreoldshoes,AdidasBrazilpromotes

theprograminstoresbyshowingvideostoeducatecustomers,andit

evenoffersadiscounteachtimeacustomerbringsinanoldpairof

oststhereputationandimageofAdidasbymakingpeople

moreawareofthecompany’svalues.

H)timatedthat

in2014theworldproducedsome42millionmetrictonsofe-waste

(discardedelectricalandelectronicequipmentanditsparts)with

NorthAmericaandEuropeaccountingfor8and12millionmetrictons

erialsfrome-wasteincludeiron,copper,gold,

silver,andaluminummaterialsthatcouldbereud,resold,salvaged,

er,thevalueofthemetalsistimatedtobe

about$onicsgiantslikeBestBuyandSamsunghave

providede-wastetake-backprogramsoverthepastfewyears,whichaim

torefurbish(翻新)oldelectroniccomponentsandpartsintonew

products.

I)Forothercompaniesinterestedinreducingwaste,helpingthe

environment,andprovidingthesustainablelifestylesthatconsumers

ek,herearesomefirststepsforbuildingarelationshipwith

customersthatfocusonrecyclingandrestoringvaluetoproducts:

J)reamanufacturerwhoreliesonoutside

distributors,thenretailersaretheidealpartnerforcollectingold

oolmakerDeWaltpartnerswithcompanies,suchas

LowesandNapaAutoParts,tocollectoldtoolsattheirstoresfor

tnershipbenefitsbothsidesbyallowing

unconventionalpartners(forexample,twocompaniesfromtwodifferent

industries)toworktogetheronaspecificaspectofthevaluechain,

like,inthixample,anenginefirmwithanaccessoryone.

K)nmentalconscientiousnessisn’talways

tance,DeWalt

discoveredthatmanycontractorswereholdingontotheiroldtools,

eveniftheynolongerworked,becautheywereexpensivepurchas

ring

instantdiscountsworthasmuchas$100,DeWaltlaunchedatrade-in

ult,DeWalt

nowreusthomaterialstocreatenewproducts.

L)Startwithatrialprogram,andexpecttochangethedetailsasyou

e-backprogramwilllikelychangeovertime,dependingon

ouelow

customerparticipationatfirst,orconverly,somuchsuccessthat

y,forinstance,has

beenbearingthelion’sshareofe-wastevolumesincetwoofits

largestcompetitors,AmazonandWal-mart,donothavetheirown

helaunchofitsprogram,BestBuychanged

itspolicytoadda$25feeforrecyclingoldtelevisionsinorderto

keeptheprogramgoing.

M)ger

relationshipbetweentheretailer/producerandtheconsumerisn’tjust

tingmoreawarenessaroundyour

effortstoreducewaste,andbydevelopingacultureofresponsibility,

repair,andreu,youcanbuildcustomerloyaltybadonshared

valuesandresponsibilities.

N)Theexamplesarejustthetipoftheiceberg,buttheydemonstrate

howhelpingcustomersgetmoreuoftheirmaterialscantransform

ngwastebyincorporatingud

materialsintoproductioncancutcostsanddecreathepriceof

procurement(采购):lesstobeprocuredfromtheoutsideandmoreto

bere-utilizedfromtheinside.

O)Companiesplayabigroleincreatingacirculareconomy,inwhich

valueisgeneratinglessfromextractingnewresourcesandmorefrom

gettingbetteruoutoftheresourceswealreadyhave--buttheymust

alsogetcustomerngagedintheprocess.

mpaniesbelievethatproducts’prolongedlifespanbenefits

boththeenvironmentandcustomers.

yshowsshopperstodayaregettingmoreconcernedabout

energyconrvationandenvironmentalprotectionwhendecidingwhatto

buy.

iescanbuildcustomerloyaltybycreatingapositiveculture

ofenvironmentalawareness.

mpanieslaunchenvironmentalprograms,theywillhavetheir

brandreputationenhanced.

tinationalcompanyoffersdiscountstocustomerswhobring

inoldfootweartobeudasfuel.

ingudproductscanhelpmanufacturersreduceproduction

costs.

onicproductscontainvaluablemetalsthatcouldberecovered.

scommonlybelievedthatcompaniesarenotmotivatedto

prolongtheirproducts’lifespan.

visableforcompaniestopartnerwitheachotherinproduct

recycling.

sinesshavebeguntorealizeitmaynotbeeffectiveto

letconsumerstakefullresponsibilityforrecycling.

36-40FCMGG

41-45NHBJD

SectionC

Directions:ssageis

hofthem

therearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideon

thebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet

2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions46to50arebadonthefollowingpassage.

EffectiveFriday,ScreenActorsGuild-AmericanFederationof

TelevisionandRadioArtists(SAG-AFTRA)hasdeclaredastrikeagainst

11videogamepublishersovergamesthatwentintoproductionafter

Feb.17,paniesincludesomeoftheheavyweightsofthe

industry,likeElectronicArtsProductions,InsomniacGames,

ActivisionandDisney.

Thestrikecomesinlightofanunsuccessful19monthsofnegotiations

aftertheexistinglaborcontractknownastheInteractiveMedia

l,thestrikeisaneffortto

providemorecondarycompensationalongwithotherconcerns,suchas

transparencyuponhiringtalentandon-t(制作中)safetyprecautions.

AngelesTimesreportsthattheindustryisinthemidstofaninten

2015,gamingproduced$23.5billionin

domesticrevenue.

ButSAG-AFTRAsaysvoiceactorsdon’treceiveresiduals(追加酬金)

d,theyreceiveafixedrate,whichis

typicallyabout$

voiceactorsarepushingfortheideaofcondarycompensation—a

performancebonuverytimeagamells2millioncopiesordownloads,

orreaches2millionsubscribers,withacapat8million.

“It’saverysmallnumberofgamesthatwouldtriggerthiscondary

compensationissue,”saidvoiceactorCrispinFreeman,who’samember

oftheunion’snegotiatingcommittee.“Thisisanimportantaspect

ofwhatitmeanstobeafreelance(从事自由职业的)performer,who

isn’tregularlyemployedeverysingledayworkingonprojects.”

Anothermajorcomplaintfromtheactorsisthecrecyoftheindustry.

“Ican’timagineifthere’sanyotheractingjobintheworldwhere

youdon’tknowwhatshowyou’rein,whenyou’rehired,”saysvoice

actorKeytheFarley,whochairstheSAG-AFTRAnegotiatingcommittee.

“Andyetthathappenverydayinthevideogameworld,”Farleytold

reportersduringapressconferenceFriday.“Iwasamaincharacter

inFallout4,acharacterbythenameofKellogg,andIneverknew

thatIwasdoingvocalrecordingforthatgamethroughouttheyearand

ahalf.”

ScottWitlin,thelawyerreprentingthevideogamecompanies,says

voiceactors“reprentlessthanonetenthof1percentofthework

thatgoesintomakingavideogame.”So“eventhoughthey’rethe

topcraftsmenintheirfield,”Witlinsays,“ifwepaythemundera

vastlydifferentsystemthanthepeoplewhodothe99.9percentofthe

work,that’sgoingtocreatefarmoreproblemsforthevideogame

companies.”

SAG-AFTRAdeclareastrikeagainstsomevideogame

publishers?

A)Thelaborcontractbetweenthemhadbeenviolated.

B)Itsappealtorenegotiatethecontracthadbeenrejected.

C)Ithadbeencheatedrepeatedlyinthe19monthsoftalks.

D)Thenegotiationsbetweenthemhadbrokendown.

welearnfromthepassageaboutthevideogamingindustry?

A)Ithasreapedhugeprofitsinrecentyears.

B)Ithasbecomemoreopenandtransparent.

C)Ithasattractedmanyfamousvoiceactors.

D)Ithasinvestedalotinitsdomesticmarket.

ethevoiceactorsdemanding?

A)Moreregularemployment.

B)Anon-discriminatorycontract.

C)Extrapaybadonsalesrevenues.

D)Alimitonthemaximumworkhours.

esKeytheFarleysayaboutvoiceactors?

A)Theyarekeptinthedarkaboutmanydetailsoftheirjob.

B)Theyarediscriminatedagainstinthegamingindustry.

C)Theyarenotpaidonaregularbasis.

D)Theyarenotemployedfull-time.

theargumentoflawyerScottWitlin?

A)Voiceactorsshouldhaveapayraiiftheyprovetobetop

craftsmen.

B)Changingthepaysystemwouldcautheindustrymoreproblems.

C)Voiceactorsaremerecraftsmen,notprofessionalperformers.

D)Payingvoiceactorsonanhourlybasisisinlinewiththelaw.

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebadonthefollowingpassage.

OfficialsattheWhiteHouannouncedanewspacepolicyfocudon

managingtheincreasingnumberofsatellitesthatcompaniesand

olicyDirective-3lays

outgeneralguidelinesfortheUnitedStatestomitigate(缓解)the

effectsofspacedebrisandtrackandmanagetrafficinspace.

ThispolicytsthestagefortheDepartmentofCommercetotakeover

artmentwillmakesurethat

newlylaunchedsatellitesdon’turadiofrequenciesthatwould

interferewithexistingsatellites,andschedulewhensuchnew

lyappliestoAmericanspace

activities,butthehopeisthatitwillhelpstandardizeatof

normsinthedawningcommercialspaceflightindustrythroughoutthe

world.

Space,especiallythespacedirectlyaroundourplanet,isgettingmore

impetusforthepolicyisthatcompaniesarealreadystartingtobuild

massiveconstellations(星座),comprisinghundredsorthousandsof

muchstuffin

space,andalimitedareaaroundourplanet,thegovernmentwantsto

oresatellitesslamming

intoeachothercouldcreatemanymoreout-of-controlbitsthatwould

poevenmorehazardstothegrowingcollectionofsatellitesinspace.

Andit’snotlikethishasn’2009anoldRussian

craftslammedintoacommunicationssatellite,creatingacloudof

hundredsofpiecesofdebrisandputtingotherhardwareatrisk.

JournalistSarahScolesreportsthatNASAcurrentlytracksabout24,000

objectsinspace,andin2016theAirForcehadtoissue3,995,874

warningstosatelliteownersalertingthemtoapotentialnearbythreat

fromanothersatelliteorbitofdebris.

That’swhythisnewpolicyalsoincludesdirectionstoupdatethe

mentOrbitalDebrisMitigationStandardPractices,

whichalreadyrequireanyentitythatlaunchesasatelliteor

spacecrafttovigorouslyanalyzethelikelihoodthatanyoftheir

actions,fromanunexpectedfailureornormaloperations,willcreate

udesaccountingforanypieceofdebristhey

plantoreleaover5mmthatmightstayinorbitfor25yearsormore.

Itmightemsurprisingtothinkaboutanitemstayinginspacefor

thatlong,buttheoldestsatellitestillinorbit-Vanguard1-turned

60in2018.

Agenciesandcompaniesthroughouttheworldareworkingondeveloping

technologythatwoulddispooforcapturespacedebrisbeforeit

now,mentismorefocud

onpreventingnewdebrisfromformingthantakingthetrashoutof

orbit.

olicy?

A)Tolayoutgeneralguidelinesforspaceexploration.

B)Toencouragecompaniestojoininspaceprograms.

C)Tomakethebestuofsatellitesinspace.

D)Toimprovetrafficconditionsinspace.

theDepartmentofCommerceexpectedtodounderthenew

policy？

A)Reducedebrisinspace.

B)Monitorsatelliteoperations.

C)Regulatethelaunchingofnewsatellites.

D)Updatesatellitecommunicationstechnology.

menthopetodowiththenewspacepolicy?

A)Setinternationalstandardsforthespaceflightindustry.

B)Monopolizespaceindustrybydevelopingatofnorms.

C)Facilitatecommercialspaceflightsthroughouttheworld.

D)Promoteinternationalcollaborationinspaceexploration.

aspacevehiclelaunchingentityrequiredtodoaccording

mentOrbitalDebrisMitigationStandard

Practices?

A)Giveanestimateofhowlongitsdebriswillstayinspace.

B)Accountforthedebrisithasreleadintospaceatanytime.

C)Provideadetailedplanformanagingthespacedebrisitcreates.

D)Makeathoroughanalysisofanypossibleadditiontospacedebris.

espaceagenciesandcompaniesaimingtodoatprent?

A)Recycleudspacevehiclesbeforetheyturnintodebris.

B)Developtechnologytoaddressthespacedebrisproblem.

C)Limittheamountofdebrinteringspace.

D)Cooperateclolytoretrievespacedebris.

【参考答案】46-50DACAB51-55DCADB

PartⅣTranslation(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslatea

uldwriteyouranswer

onAnswerSheet2.

汉语现在是世界上用作本族语人数最多的语言。汉语与西方语言的一个重要区别

在于它是以方块字（character）而不是以字母构成的。目前仍在使用的书写系

统中，汉语是最古老的。在中国，来自不同地区的人可能听不懂对方的方言，但

由于汉子有统一的书写形式，他们交流起来几乎没有任何困难。汉语历史上对团

结中华民族发挥了重要作用。今天，随着中国经济的快速增长和全球影响力的增

强，越来越多其他国家的人也开始学习汉语。

【参考译文】

ThenumberofpeoplewhotakeChineastheirnativelanguageis

ortantdifferencebetweenChineand

westernlanguageisthatitiscompodofcharacterratherthan

a,

peoplefromdifferentregionsmaynotunderstandeachother’sdialects,

butthecharactershaveastandardwritingstyle,theyhavealmostno

nelanguagehasplayedan

,with

China’srapideconomicgrowthandgrowingglobalinfluence,moreand

morepeoplefromothercountriesarelearningChine.

【逐句精析】

1.汉语现在是世界上用作本族语人数最多的语言。

【解析】

主干：汉语是语言。

修饰：时间副词;世界上;用作本族语人数最多的

要点：定语“用作本族语人数最多的”，根据理解，简化为“被最多的人看作本族语”，

用定从非谓翻译。“用作”可以看成“是”;“被认为”“被当成”。

【译文】

译1：Nowadays,Chineisakindoflanguagethatisregardedas

thenativelanguagebymostpeopleintheworld.

译2：Currently,Chineisthelanguagewiththelargestnumber

ofnativespeakersintheworld.

2.汉语与西方语言的一个重要区别在于它是以方块字(character)而不是

以字母构成的。

【解析】

要点1：先译主干，再译修饰

要点2：由……构成：becompodof;consistof;constitute

而不是：insteadof;ratherthan

【译文】AgreatdifferencebetweenChineandwesternlanguages

isthatChineiscompodofcharactersinsteadofletters.

3.目前仍在使用的书写系统中,汉语是最古老的。

【解析】

要点：定语、状语的翻译;三者及以上之间：among

【译文】

译1：Chineistheoldestamongthecurrentwritingsystemsthat

arestillinu.

译2：Chineistheoldestamongthewritingsystemswhichhave

stillbeenuduntiltoday.

译3：Chineistheoldestwritingsystemstillinu.

4.在中国,来自不同地区的人可能听不懂对方的方言,但由于汉字有统一的

书写形式,他们交流起来几乎没有任何困难。

【解析】

要点：词语的翻译：方言：dialects;统一的：unified;书写形式：writing

form

【译文】

译1：Peoplefromdifferentregionsmaynotunderstandeachother's

r,theyhavealmostnodifficultyin

communicating,becauChinecharactershaveaunifiedwritingstyle.

译2：Peoplefromdifferentregionsmaynotunderstandeachother's

r,theyhardlyhavedifficultyin

communicatingsinceChinecharactershaveaunifiedwritingform.

5.汉语历史上对团结中华民族发挥了重要作用。

【解析】

要点：发挥重要作用：beofvitalimportance/significancefor/be

vitallyimportantfor/becomeanesntialpartfor/playasignificant

rolein/occupyanimportantpositionin

要点：多多积累高频表达

【译文】

译1：ChinehasplayedanimportantroleinunitingtheChine

nation.

译2：Chinehasoccupiedanimportantpositioninunitingthe

Chinenationinhistory.

6.今天,随着中国经济的快速增长和全球影响力的增强,越来越多其他国家

的人也开始学汉语。

【解析】要点：with结构

要点：多多积累高频表达

【译文】

译1：Today,withtherapidgrowthofChina'conomyandglobal

influence,moreandmorepeoplefromothercountrieshavebegunto

learnChine.

译2：Currently,accompaniedbyChina'sboomingeconomyand

increasingglobalinfluence,agrowingnumberofpeoplefromother

countrieshavebeguntolearnChine.

【全文译文】

[普通版]

Nowadays,Chineisakindoflanguagethatisregardedasthe

differencebetween

ChineandwesternlanguagesisthatChineiscompodofcharacters

eistheoldestamongthecurrentwriting

fromdifferentregionsmaynot

understandeachother'r,theyhavealmost

nodifficultyincommunicating,becauChinecharactershavea

ehasanimportantpositioninuniting

,withtherapidgrowthofChina's

economyandglobalinfluence,moreandmorepeoplefromothercountries

havebeguntolearnChine.

[高分版]

Currently,Chineisthelanguagewiththelargestnumberof

differencebetweenChineand

westernlanguagesisthatChineiscompodofcharactersratherthan

fromdifferentregionsmaynotunderstandeachother'sdialectsin

r,theyhardlyhavedifficultyincommunicatingsince

ehasplayedan

tly,agrowing

numberofpeoplefromothercountrieshavebeguntolearnChine

accompaniedbyChina'sboomingeconomyandincreasingglobalinfluence.

2019年6月英语六级考试真题及参考答案

（第3套）

PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessay

shouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.

【参考范文】

TheImportanceofTeamSpiritandCommunicationintheWorkplace

Whenitcomestotheteamspiritandcommunication,allofusoughtto

ately,withthesocietycommercializing

andcompetitionbecomingfierce,asubstantialnumberofpeopleare

payingdueattentiontoit.

Itisapparentthatwearesuppodtobeawareoftheimportanceof

teamspiritandcommunication,can

anyoneachievesuccessinhiscareerwithouttheassistanceofhis

sincreasingly

fierce,

lamtheducksmartly

becauallhisteammatescontributemoreorlesstohisoutstanding

rkparately,wewillbeconfinedtofrailminds

andlimitedresources.

Onthebasisoftheanalysisabove,wemaydrawaconclusionthatteam

spiritandcommunicationreallycountinthiscompetitivesociety.

Therefore,weshouldassociateourlvesharmoniouslywithour

tion,itis

indispensabletotrainourkidsfrequentlytointeractsmoothlywith

requently-quotedproverbgoes,unityis

strength.

【参考译文】

当谈到团队精神和沟通，我们所有人都应该正确看待它。幸运的是，随着社会的

商业化和竞争的日益激烈，很多人对此给予了应有的重视。

很明显，我们应该意识到团队精神和沟通的重要性，尤其是在工作场所，更是如

此。没有同事的帮助和与合作伙伴的沟通，任何人都不可能在事业上取得成功。

随着竞争的日益激烈，我们必须通过强大的团队合作打败对手。以篮球明星姚明

为例，他能把球打得很漂亮，因为他所有的队友或多或少都对他出色的表现做出

了贡献。如果我们不与其他人合作及沟通的话，我们将被限制在脆弱的思想和有

限的资源中。

基于以上分析，我们可以得出结论，在这个竞争激烈的社会中，团队精神和沟通

真的很重要。因此，我们应该与我们的伙伴和谐相处，为我们的目标而努力。此

外，经常训练我们的孩子在团队中与他人顺畅互动是必不可少的。常言道，团结

就是力量。

PartⅡListeningComprehension(30minutes)

说明：由于2019年6月六级考试全国共考了2套听力，本套真题听力与前2套

内容完全一样，只是顺序不一样，因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。

PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthisction,

arerequiredtolectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoices

epassagethrough

oiceinthebankis

markthecorrespondingletterforeach

notuanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Questions26to35arebadonthefollowingpassage.

Steelisvaluedforitsreliability,

formsofsteel26becomebrittle(脆的)attemperaturesbelowabout-

25℃,though,anovel

typeofsteelhasbeendevelopedthatresists27atmuchlower

temperatures,whileretainingitsstrengthandtoughness-withoutthe

needforexpensive28.

Steel'sfragilityatlowtemperaturesfirstbecameamajorconcern

ermanU-boatstorpedoed(用鱼雷攻

击)numerousBritishships,a2700-strongfleetofcheap-and-

cheerful“Libertyships”wasintroducedtoreplacethelostvesls,

steelshellsof

hundredsoftheships30intheicynorthAtlantic,and12brokein

halfandsank.

Brittlenessremainsaproblemwhenbuildingsteelstructuresincold

conditions,ntistshave31to

findasolutionbymixingitwithexpensivemetalssuchasnickel.

YuujiKimuraandcolleaguesinJapantriedamorephysical32Rather

thanaddingothermetals,theydevelopedacomplexmechanicalprocess

involvingrepeatedheatingandveryveremechanicaldeformation,

knownastempforming.

Theresultingsteelappearstoachieveacombinationofstrengthand

toughnessthatis33tothatofmodemsteelsthatareveryrichin

alloycontentand,therefore,veryexpensive.

Kimura'steamintendstouitstempformedsteeltomakeultra-high

strengthparts,petoreduceboththenumberof

34neededinaconstructionjobandtheirweight-byreplacingsolid

supportswith35tubes,uldreducetheamountof

steelneededtomakeeverythingfromautomobilestobuildingsand

bridges.

A)abruptlyI)cracked

B)additivesJ)fractures

C)approachK)hollow

D)ardentlyL)relevant

E)besiegedM)reshuffled

F)channelN)strived

G)comparableO)violent

H)components

26-30AJBEI

31-35NCGHK

SectionB

Directions:Inthisction,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithten

atementcontainsinformationgiven

fytheparagraphfromwhichthe

chooaparagraphmorethanonce.

thequestionsbymarking

thecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.

Thefutureofpersonalsatellitetechnologyishere-arewereadyfor

it?

A)Satellitesudtobetheexclusiveplaythingsofrichgovernments

reasingly,asspacebecomesmore

democratized,

likedrones(无人机)beforethem,miniaturesatellitesarebeginning

tofundamentallytransformourconceptionsofwhogetstodowhatup

aboveourheads.

B)AsarecentreportfromtheNationalAcademyofScienceshighlights,

thesatellitesholdtremendouspotentialformakingsatellite-bad

r,asthecostof

gettingyourownsatelliteinorbitdropssharply,therisksof

stionhereisnolonger“Can

we?”but“Shouldwe?”Whatarethepotentialdownsidesofhavinga

sliceofspacedenlypopulatedbyequipmentbuiltbypeoplenot

traditionallylabeledas“professionals”?Andwhatwouldthe

responsibleandbeneficialdevelopmentanduofthistechnology

actuallylooklike?Someoftheanswersmaycomefromanonprofit

organizationthathasbeenbuildingandlaunchingamateursatellites

fornearly50years.

C)Havingyourpersonalsatellitelaunchedintoorbitmightsoundlike

rthepastfewdecades

auniqueclassofsatelliteshasbeencreatedthatfitsthebill:

“Cube”heresimplyreferstothesatellite'

mostcommonCubeSatisa10cmcube,sosmallthatasingleCubeSat

ini-

satellitescanfitinalaunchvehicle'sformerly“wasted

space.”Multiplescanbedeployedincombinationformorecomplex

missionsthancouldbeachievedbyoneCubeSatalone.

D)Withintheircompactbodiestheminutesatellitesareableto

hounsorsandcommunicationsreceivers/transmittersthatenable

operatorstostudyEarthfromspace,aswellasspacearoundEarth.

They'reprimarilydesignedforLowEarthOrbit(LEO)-aneasily

accessibleregionofspacefromaround200to800milesaboveEarth,

wherehuman-tendedmissionsliketheHubbleSpaceTelescopeandthe

InternationalSpaceStation(ISS)ycanattainmore

distantorbits;NASAplansformostofitsfutureEarth-escaping

payloads(tothemoonandMarspecially)tocarryCubeSats.

E)Becauthey'resosmallandlight,itcostsmuchlesstogeta

CubeSatintoEarth'sorbitthanatraditionalcommunicationsorGPS

tance,arearchgrouphereatArizonaState

UniversityrecentlyclaimedtheirdevelopmentalsmallCubeSatscould

costaslittleas$3,creaincosta11ows

rearchers,hobbyistsandevenelementaryschoolgroupstoputsimple

instrumentsintoLEOorevenhavingthemdeployedfromtheISS.

F)ThefirstCubeSatwascreatedintheearly2000s,asawayof

enablingStanfordgraduatestudentstodesign,build,testandoperate

aspacecraftwithsimilarcapabilitiestotheUSSR'sSputnik(前苏联

的人造卫星).Sincethen,NASA,theNationalReconnaissanceOfficeand

rcmore

AEducationalLaunchofNano

Satelliteprogram,whichoffersfreelaunchesforeducationalgroups

andsciencemissions,fitcorporationsas

y,satellitesarenotjustforrocketscientistsanymore.

G)TheNationalAcademyofSciencesreportemphasizesCubeSats'

importanceinscientificdiscoveryandthetrainingoffuturespace

lsoacknowledgesthatwidespread

deploymentofLEOCubeSatsisn'atestconcernthe

authorsraiisspacedebris-piecesof“junk”thatorbittheearth,

withthepotentialtocauriousdamageiftheycollidewith

operationalunits,includingtheISS.

H)Currently,therearen'tmanyCubeSatsandthey'retrackedcloly.

YetasLEOopensuptomoreamateursatellites,theymaypoan

eportauthorspointout,evennear-miss

mightleadtothe“creationofaburdensomeregulatoryframeworkand

affectthefuturedispositionofscienceCubeSats.”

I)CubeSatrearcherssuggestthatnow'sthetimetoponder

unexpectedandunintendedpossibleconquencesofmorepeoplethan

awhen

youcansimplybuyaCubeSatkitofftheshelf,howcanwetrustthe

satellitesoverourheadsweredevelopedwithgoodintentionsbypeople

whoknewwhattheyweredoing?Some“expertamateurs”inthesatellite

gamecouldprovidesomeinspirationforhowtoproceedresponsibly.

J)In1969,theRadioAmateurSatelliteCorporation(AMSAT)was

createdinordertofosterhamradioenthusiasts'(业余无线电爱好者)

inuedthe

efforts,begunin1961,byProjectOSCAR-aU.S.-badgroupthatbuilt

andlaunchedtheveryfirstnongovernmentalsatellitejustfouryears

ganizationofvolunteers,AMSATwas

putting“amateur”satellitesinorbitdecadesbeforethecurrent

rtime,itsmembershavelearnedathingortwo

,developmenthasbeenacentral

principle,Withintheorganization,AMSAThasaphilosophyofopen

sourcingeverythingmakingtechnicaldataonallaspectsoftheir

satellitesfullyavailabletoeveryoneintheorganization,andwhen

possible,ingtoamemberoftheteamresponsible

forFOX1-A,AMSAT'sfirstCubeSat,thismeansthattheresnowayto

sneaksomethinglikeexplosivesoranenergyemitterintoanamateur

satellitewheneveryonehasaccesstothedesignsandimplementation.

K)However,they'remorecautiousaboutsharinginformationwith

nonmembers,astheorganizationguardsagainstothersdevelopingthe

rm

of“lf-governance”ispossiblewithinlong-standingamateur

organizationsthat,overtime,areabletobuildanof

responsibilitytocommunitymembers,aswellassocietyingeneral.

Butwhathappenswhennewplayermerge,whodon'thavedeeproots

withintheexistingculture?

L)Hobbyistsandstudentsaregainingaccesstotechnologieswithout

'restill

constrainedbyfunders,launchprovidersandariesofregulations

-

there'sadangerthey'reill-equippedtothinkthroughpotential

eunintendedconquencesmightbe

nowinnovatorscanberemarkably

f

somethingaseminglybenignasthecellphone-wehavemicrofinance

andtext-badsocialnetworkingatoneendofthespectrum,and

improvid(临时制作的)explosivedevicesattheother.

M)ThisiswhereacultureofsocialresponsibilityaroundCubeSats

becomesimportant-notsimplytoensurethatphysicalrisksare

minimized,buttoengagewithamuchlargercommunityinanticipating

not

'evidencefromAMSATandotherareasoftechnology

developmentsuggeststhatresponsibleamateurcommunitiescananddo

llengehere,ofcour,is

ensuringthatwhatanamateurcommunitiesconsiderstoberesponsible,

'swherethereneedstobeamuchwiderpublic

conversationthatextendsbeyondgovernmentagenciesandscientific

communitiestoincludestudents,hobbyists,andanyonewhomay

potentiallystandtobeaffectedbytheuofCubeSattechnology.

heeasieraccessibilitytospace,itistimetothinkabout

howtopreventmisuofsatellites.

ofmini-satellitescanworktogethertoaccomplishmore

complextasks.

ateraccessibilityofmini-satellitesincreastherisks

oftheirirresponsibleu.

hoolpupilscanhavetheirCubeSatsputinorbitowingto

theloweredlaunchingcost.

scarefulaboutsharinginformationwithoutsidersto

preventhijackingoftheirsatellites.

ferstolaunchCubeSatsfreeofchargeforeducationaland

rearchpurpos.

thconstraints,itispossibleforsomecreativedevelopers

totaketheCubeSattechnologyindirectionsthatresultinharmful

outcomes.

akingsignificantcontributionstospacescience,CubeSats

maypohazardstootherspacevehicles.

-satellitenableoperatorstostudyEarthfromLEOandspace

aroundit.

peratesontheprincipleofhavingallitstechnicaldata

accessibletoitsmembers,preventingtheabuofamateursatellites.

36-40MCBEK

41-45FLGDJ

SectionC

Directions:ssageis

hofthem

therearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideon

thebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2

withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions46to50arebadonthefollowingpassage.

WhenIre-enteredthefull-timeworkforceafewyearsagoaftera

decadeofsolitarylf-employment,therewasonethingIwaslooking

forwardtothemost:theopportunitytohaveworkfriendsonceagain.

Itwasn’tuntilIenteredthecorporateworldthatIrealized,forme

atleast,beingfriendswithcolleaguesdidn’temergeasapriority

surprisingwhenyouconsidertheprevailingemphasis

byscholarsandtrainersandmanagersontheimportanceofcultivating

rearchhas

exploredthewayinwhichcollegial(同事的)tiescanhelpovercomea

rangeofworkplaceissuesaffectingproductivityandthequalityof

workoutputsuchasteam-badconflict,jealousy,undermining,anger,

andmore.

Perhapsmyexpectationsoflunches,water-coolergossipandcaring,

deep-and-meaningfulconversationswerealegacyofthelasttimeIwas

snow,asIneartheendof

myfourthdecade,Irealizeworkcanbefullyfunctionalandentirely

fulfillingwithoutneedingtobebestmateswiththepeoplesitting

nexttoyou.

Inanacademicanalysisjustpublishedintheprofoundly-respected

JournalofManagement,rearchershavelookedattheconceptof

“indifferentrelationships”.It’sasimpletermthatencapsulates

(概括)thefactthatrelationshipsatworkcanreasonablybenon-

intimate,inconquential,unimportantandeven,dareIsayit,

disposableorsubstitutable.

limitedrearchconductedthusfarindicatesthey’reespecially

dominantamongthowhovalueindependenceovercooperation,and

erenceisalsothepreferredoption

iningrelationshipsoverthe

eofus,toomucheffort.

Asnotedabove,indifferentrelationshipsmaynotalwaysbethemost

helpfulapproachinresolvingsomeoftheissuesthatpopupatwork.

mechattingandsocializingmeansmoretime

workingandchurning(产出).

nbeings,we’reprimedtocompare

ourlvestoeachotherinwhatisananxiety-inducingphenomenon.

Apparently,

theformerismostcommonamongthoinclinedtowardsindifferent

relationships,theirpredominancecanbolsterindividuals’nof

lf-worth.

Egoaside,athirdadvantageisthattheemotionalneutralityof

indifferentrelationshipshasbeenfoundtoenhancecriticalevaluation,

tostrengthenone’sfocusontaskresolution,andtogaingreater

thatmightbeasfunasafter-

worksocializingbut,hey,I’lltakeitanyway.

dtheauthorrealizewhenhere-enteredthecorporateworld?

A)Makingnewfriendswithhisworkmateswasnotaasyashehad

anticipated.

B)Cultivatingpositiveinterpersonalrelationshipshelpedhimexpel

solitaryfeelings.

C)Workinginthecorporateworldrequiresmoreinterpersonalskills

thanlf-employment.

D)Buildingclorelationshipswithhiscolleagueswasnotas

importantashehadexpected.

welearnfrommanystudiesaboutcollegialrelationships?

A)Inharmoniousrelationshipshaveanadvereffectonproductivity.

B)Harmoniousrelationshipsarewhatmanycompaniesaimtocultivate.

C)Clocollegialrelationshipscontributeverylittletoproduct

quality.

D)Conflictingrelationshipsintheworkplaceexistalmosteverywhere.

nbeinferredaboutrelationshipsatworkfromanacademic

analysis?

A)Theyshouldbecultivated.

B)Theyarevirtuallyirrelevant.

C)Theyarevitaltocorporateculture.

D)Theyshouldbereasonablyintimate.

estheauthorsayaboutpeoplewhoaresociallylazy?

A)TheyfeelUncomfortablewhenengaginginsocialinteractions.

B)Theyoftenfindthemlvesinconfrontationwiththeircolleagues.

C)TheyareunwillingtomakeeffortstomaintainWorkplace

relationships.

D)Theylackbasiccommunicationskillsindealingwithinterpersonal

issues.

oneofthebenefitsofindifferentrelationships?

A)TheyprovidefunatWork.

B)Theyhelpcontrolemotions.

C)Theyhelpresolvedifferences.

D)TheyimproveWorkefficiency.

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebadonthefollowingpassage.

Inafewdecades,artificialintelligence(AI)willsurpassmanyof

agrandchallenge

forourageanditmayrequirean“irrational”respon.

OneofthemostsignificantpiecesofnewsfromtheUSinearly2017

wastheeffortsofGoogletomakeautonomousdrivingareality.

Accordingtoareport,Google’slf-drivingcarsclocked1,023,330

krn,one

interventionaboutevery8,nmore

impressiveistheprogressinjustasingleyear:humaninterventions

fellfrom0.8timesperthousandmilesto0.2,a400%improvement.

Withsuchprogress,Google’scarswilleasilysurpassmyowndriving

abilitylaterthisyear.

aidthatabout

chess,omputerbeatthehumanworldchampion,repeatedly.

TheboardgameGo(围棋)tookoverfromchessasanewtestforhuman

thinkingin2016,whenacomputerbeatoneoftheworld’sleading

mputersconqueringwhatudtobe

deeplyhumantasks,whatwillitmeaninthefuturetobehuman?I

llhisplacebeinaworld

wheremachinesbeatusinoneareaafteranother?He’llnever

calculatefaster,neverdrivebetter,ly,

itallcomesdowntoafairlysimplequestion:What’ssospecialabout

us?Itcan’tbeskillslikearithmetic,whichmachinesalreadyexcel

,machineshaveaprettyhardtimeemulatingcreativity,

arbitraryenoughnottobepredictedbyacomputer,andyetmorethan

simplerandomness.

Perhaps,ifwecontinuetoimproveinformation-processingmachines,

we’staimto

complementtherationalityofthemachine,ratherthantocompetewith

'mright,weshouldfosteracreativespiritbecauadoof

illogicalcreativitywillcomplementtherationalityofthemachine.

Unfortunately,however,oureducationsystemhasnotcaughtuptothe

,ourschoolsanduniversitiesare

structuredtomouldpupilstobemostlyobedientrvantsof

rationality,andtodevelopoutdatedskillsininteractingwith

tohelpourchildrenlearnhowtobestwork

tofall

weneedtokeepthelong-termperspectiveinmind:thatevenif

computerswilloutsmartus,e

ifwearen’t,wewon’tbeprovidingmuchvalueinfutureecosystems,

andthatmayputinquestionthefoundationforourexistence.

theauthor’sgreatestconcernabouttheuofAI?

A)Computersareperforminglotsofcreativetasks.

B)Manyabilitieswillceatobeuniquetohumanbeings.

C)Computersmaybecomemorerationalthanhumans.

D)Manyhumanskillsarefastbecomingoutdated.

presstheauthormostinthefieldofAI?

A)Google’xperimentaldriverlesscarsrequirelittlehuman

intervention.

B)Google’scarshavesurpasdhisdrivingabilityinjustasingle

year.

C)Googlehasmadehugeprogressinautonomousdrivinginashorttime.

D)Googlehasbecomeaworldleaderinthefieldofautonomousdriving.

welearnfromthepassageaboutcreativity?

A)Itisrational.

B)Itispredictable.

C)Itishumanspecific.

D)ItisyettobeemulatedbyAI.

ouldschoolshelpchildrendointheeraofAI?

A)Cultivateoriginalthinking.

B)Learntoworkindependently.

C)Competewithsmartmachines.

D)UnderstandhowAIworks.

wehumansjustifyourfutureexistence?

A)ByconstantlyoutsmartingComputers.

B)Byadoptingalong-termperspective.

C)ByrationallyCOmpromisingwithAI.

D)Byprovidingvaluewithourcreativity.

【参考答案】46-50DABCD51-55BCDAD

PartⅣTranslation(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslatea

uldwriteyouransweron

AnswerSheet2.

中国幅员辽阔，人口众多，很多地方人们都说自己的方言。方言在发音上差别很

大，词汇和语法差别较小。有些方言，特别是北方和南方的方言，差异很大，以

致于说不同方言的人常常很难听懂彼此的讲话。方言被认为是当地文化的一个组

成部分，但近年来能说方言的人数不断减少。为了鼓励人们更多说本地语言，一

些地方政府已经采取措施，如在学校开设方言课，在广播和电视上播放方言节目，

以期保存本地的文化遗产。

【参考译文】

tshavegreater

differencesinpronunciationbutlessdifferencesinvocabularyand

alects,especiallythoofnorthandsouth,areso

differentthatpeoplewhospeakdifferentdialectscanhardly

tsareregardedasacomponentoflocal

culture,whilethenumberofpeoplewhocouldspeakdialectshasbeen

rtoencouragepeopletospeaklocal

dialectsmoreoften,somelocalgovernmentshavetakenmeasuresto

conrvelocalculturalheritagesuchasofferingdialectclassin

schoolsandbroadcastingdialectprogramsonradioandtelevision.

【逐句解析】

1.中国幅员辽阔，人口众多，很多地方人们都说自己的方言。

【解析】第一句含有两个简单句，幅员辽阔用vastterritory来描述，此

外人口众多所采用的形容词一般为large。此外，方言这一个单词要用“dialect”

这个单词来表达;

【译文】Chinaisacountrywithvastterritoryandlargepopulation.

Peoplespeaktheirowndialectsinmanyplaces.

2.方言在发音上差别最大，词汇和语法差别较小。

【解析】第二句是一个主谓宾结构，找出两个并列结构之间是较大和较小的

差别，然后就能够找出主干结构进行翻译;

【译文】Dialectshavegreaterdifferencesinpronunciationbutless

differencesinvocabularyandgrammar.

3.有些方言，特别是北方和南方的方言，差异很大，以至于说不同方言的

人常常很难听懂彼此的讲话。

【解析】第三句断句居多，但整体来看是一个复合句，由so….that可以把

两句话连起来，然后在中间放入一个表示地点的介词短语的插入语即可，that从

句中可以用hardly来表达否定意义;

【译文】Somedialects,especiallythoofnorthandsouth,areso

differentthatpeoplewhospeakdifferentdialectscanhardly

understandeachother.

4.方言被认为是当地文化的一个组成部分，但近年来能说方言的人数不断减

少。

【解析】第四句是一个并列句，前一句需要使用被动语态，而but后面一

句为表达出“不断”这个概念，可以使用现在完成进行时表示动作的延续性。另

外要注意“……的数量”谓语动词要用单数来表达;

【译文】Dialectsareregardedasacomponentoflocalculture,while

thenumberofpeoplewhocouldspeakdialectshasbeendecreasingin

recentyears.

5.为了鼓励人们更多说本地方言，一些地方政府已经采取措施，如在学校

开设方言课，在广播和电视上播放方言节目，以期保存本地的文化遗产。

【解析】第五句中所包含意思较多，需要先找出主干为“政府采取措施以期

保存本地的文化遗产，如……”，前面在添加一个目的状语。为了可以用todo,

inorderto或者forthepurpoof都可以，注意主干的时态要用现在完

成时;

【译文】Inordertoencouragepeopletospeaklocaldialectsmore

often,somelocalgovernmentshavetakenmeasurestoconrvelocal

culturalheritagesuchasofferingdialectclassinschoolsand

broadcastingdialectprogramsonradioandtelevision