名词性从句讲解

更新时间:2023-01-02 05:12:40 阅读: 评论:0


2023年1月2日发(作者:previous是什么意思)

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名词性从句用法

一、概念

名词性从句,即指____________________的从句,它包括__________、__________、

__________和__________。

从高考的考查的实际情况来看,名词性从句考得最多的是宾语从句,其次是主语从句,再

次是表语从句,而同位语从句则很少考查。

二、名词性从句的一般引导词

1.连接词______只起______作用,及____________,也不____________,在______中可______,

但引导其他名词性从句时通常______。如:

Ihope______youenjoyyourholiday.

______helikesyouisveryobvious.

2.连接词______也不充当句子成分,但有自己的意思,表示“是否”;引导____________时,可

换成______,但引导其他名词性从句时不能换成if。

Heasked____________Iwouldshowhimtheway.

______itwilldousharmremainstobeen.

3.连接代词who(m),who,which,what等,均有各自的意义,在从句中作主语、宾语、定语

等。如:

That’s______shewantedtoleave.

______wearrivedoesn'tmatter.

Tellme______oneyoulikebest.

4.连接副词when,where,why,how等,也各自有自己的意义,在从句中作状语。如:

Thequestionis______weshouldcarryouttheplan.

______she’llbebackdependsmuchontheweather.

______hediditwillremainapuzzleforever.

三、名词性从句的重要引导词

1.______可引导______从句、______从句和______从句,但不用于引导______从句。

它引导的名词性从句有两个意思是:一是表示“什么”,带有疑问意味;

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二是表示“…所…的”,相当于一个先行词后接一个关系代词。

Idon’tknow______youwant.

Idon’tknow______youwantisthis.

引导名词性从句时可用作限定词,其后修饰名词。

IgavehimwhatbooksIhad.

注:what后的名词可以是复数名词或不可数名词,但通常不能是单数可数名词,并且后接不

可数名词时,有时可有little修饰,两者的区别是:what+不可数名词=所有的都,whatlittle+

不可数名词=虽少但全部。如:

Whatfriendsshehasareoutofthecountry.

Wegavehimwhat(little)helpwecould.

What用法归纳

1.表示“……的东西或事情”:

They’vedonewhattheycantohelpher.

Hesaveswhatheearns.。

WhatMaryisisthecretary.

2.表示“……的人或的样子”:

Heisnolongerwhathewas.

Heiswhatisgenerallycalledatraitor.

WhoisitthathasmadeFredwhatheisnow?

3.表示“……的数量或数目”:

Ourincomeisnowdoublewhatitwastenyearsago.

Thenumberofthestudentsinourschoolistentimeswhatitwasbeforeliberation.

4.表示“……的时间”:

Afterwhatemedlikehourshecameoutwithabittersmile.

Theyounggirlwastoofrightenedtospeak,standingthereforwhatemedlikehours.

5.表示“……的地方”:

ThisiswhattheycallSaltLakeCity.

In1492,ColumbusreachedwhatisnowcalledAmerica.

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that与what引导名词性从句的区别

that引导名词性从句只起连接作用,在从句中不作任何成分,无意义,在宾语从句通常省略,

但在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中均不能省略;what除引导从句外,还在从句中作成

分,意为“所„„的(东西)”,在含义上等于“名词+that”。如:

1.______shelackxperienceisobvious.

icelearned______hewasn’tthereatthattime.

ized______shetoowaxhausted.

is______youshouldn’thaveleftthecountry.

themistakenidea______tomorrowisaholiday.

uiteplain______hedidn’twanttocome.

tural______theyshouldhavedifferentviews.

8.______(=Thethingthat)hesaidwastrue.

9.______hehadhopedatlastcametrue.

10.______hesaidisbeneathcontempt.

11.______hesaysistrue,possibly.

12.______shesawgaveherafright.

13.______Iwanttosayisthis.

14.I’msorryfor______Isaid.

’s______Iwanttoknow.

betterhear______Ihavetosay.

edtoget______Iwanted.

______hemeantratherthan______hesaid.

’ssomethingin______hesays.

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erestwasroudby______hesaid.

lwaysconsciousofthefact______shedidnotapproveof______hewas

doing.

注:that可引导同位语从句,what不能

whatever,whoever,whichever引导名词性从句

er引导的名词性从句

Whatever的意思是“所„的一切事或东西”,可视为what的强调说法,其含义大致相当于

anythingthat,whatever在从句中可用作主语、宾语、定语:

Whateverhedidwasright.

Givethemwhatevertheydesire.

Iwilljustsaywhatevercomesintomymind.

Goatatwhatever(food)theycanfind.

I’mgoingtolearnwhatevermytutorwishes.

Hedoeswhateversheaskshimtodo.

Talktomeaboutwhateveristroublingyou.

Oneshouldsticktowhateveronehasbegun.

Shewouldtellhimwhatevernewsshegot.

Youcanhavewhateverallowanceyoulike.

r引导的名词性从句

whoever的意思“任何„的人”,在意义上大致相当于anybodywho。whoever在从句中可用作

主语或宾语:

I’lltakewhoeverwantstogo.

Shecanmarrywhoevershechoos.

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Whoeverwantsthebookmayhaveit.

Whoevercomeswillbewelcome.

Whoeveryouinvitewillbewelcome.

Whoeverbreaksthislawdervesafine.

I’llgivethetickettowhoeverwantsit.

【注意】

(1)whoever既用作主格也用作宾语(作宾语时不宜用whomever,因为在现代英语中whomever

已几乎不用)。

(2)注意以下受汉语意思影响而弄错的句子:

误:Whowinscangetaprize./Anyonewinscangetaprize.

正:Whoeverwinscangetaprize./Anyonewhowinscanaprize.谁赢了都可以获奖。

whatever与nomatterwhat

Itisgenerallyconsideredunwitogiveachild__________herorshewants.

erwhen

nomatterwhat只能引导__________,而不引导__________。

而whatever既可引导__________(=anythingthat),

也可引导__________(=nomatterwhat):

1.引导名词性从句只用whatever:

无论他做什么都是对的。

:Whateverhedidwasright.

:Nomatterwhathedidwasright.

无论他说什么似乎都有道理。

:Whateverhesayssoundsreasonable.

:Nomatterwhathesayssoundsreasonable.

山羊找到什么就吃什么。

:Goatatwhatevertheyfind.

:Goatatnomatterwhattheyfind.

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2.引导状语从句两者可换用:

无论你说什么,我都不会相信你。

:Whateveryousay,Iwon’tbelieveyou.

:Nomatterwhatyousay,Iwon’tbelieveyou.

无论发生什么,都要保持镇定。

:Keepcalm,whateverhappens.

:Keepcalm,nomatterwhathappens.

whether和if引导名词性从句的区别

两者均可用于____________________,表示“是否”,常可互换。但在其他情况下表示“是否”

时,通常只用whether而不用if。如:引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、让步状语从

句、与or连用分别引导两个分句等,或用于不定式前、用于介词后、直接与ornot连用等

等。

Askhimwhether[if]hecancome.

Thequestioniswhetherhecandoit.

Answermyquestionwhetheryoucanhelphim.

Itdependsonwhethertheletterarrivesintime.

注:在某些动词后(如discuss等)通常只用whether。

Wediscusdwhetherweshouldholdameeting.

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