同位语从句
一.定义
在中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面,用以说明该名词表示的具
体内容。如:
Iheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.我听到了我们队获胜的消息。
Ihadnoideathatyouwerehere.我不知道你在这里。
二.常见的可以跟同位语从句的词(抽象名词)
news,idea,fact,promi,question,doubt,thought,hope,message,suggestion,word
(消息),possibility等。如:
I’vecomefromMrwangwithamessagethathewon’tbeabletoeyouthisafternoon.我从
王先生那里来,他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。
三.常见引导词
英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词that,whether,连接副词how,when,where等。(注:
if,which不能引导同位语从句。)如:
lhavenoideaWhenhewillbeback.我不知道他什么时候回来。
Hemustanswerthequestionwhetherheagreestoitornot.
他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。
MyquestionhowIshallgetintouchwithhimhasnotbeenanswered.
Igavethegirlabigdoll,exactlywhatshelongedtohave.
四、有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的后面,而被别的词隔开。如:
Severalyearslater,wordcamethatNapoleonhimlfwascomingtoinspectthem.
几年以后,有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视察他们。
Thethoughtcametohimthatmaybetheenemyhadfledthecity.
他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了。
五、同位语从句与的区别。
1、同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系,即说明它前面名词的内容;而定语从句与前面的
名词是修饰与被修饰关系,即限定它前面的名词范围,或补充一些情况。如:
Thenewsthatlhavepasdtheexamistrue.我通过了考试这一消息是真的。
(同位语从句,即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容。)
Thenewsthathetoldmejustnowistrue.他刚才告诉我的消息是真的。
(定语从句,从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用,即“他告诉我的”那个消息,而不是别的消息。)
2、引导同位语从句的that是连词,在从句中不充当任何成份,而引导定语从句的that是关
系代词,除起连接作用外,还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等。如:
Theideathatcomputerscanrecognizehumanvoicessurprismanypeople.
计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇。(that在从句中不充当任何成份。)
Theideathathegavesurprismanypeople.他提出的观点令许多人感到吃惊。
(that在从句中作gave的宾语。)
(名词性从句)
1.______hereferredtoinhisarticlewasunknowntothegeneralreader.(2007上海卷)
ditionalviewis______wesleepbecauourbrainis“programmed”tomakeusdo
so.(2007上海卷)
speakto---------isinchargeofInternationalSales,plea(2007山东卷)
A.anyoneB.someoneC.whoeverD.nomatter
who
mattersmostinlearningEnglishinoughpractice.(2007全国卷II)
onlybesureof_________youhaveatprent;youcannotbesureofsomething
_____youmightget
inthefuture.(2007安徽卷)
;;/;thatD./;that
6.—Where’sthatreport
—Ibroughtittoyou____youwerein’sofficeyesterday.(2007北京卷)
eyourlf.(2007
福建卷)
checkedthedoorswereclod,and_________allthelightswereoff,theboyopened
thedoortohisbedroom.(2007湖南卷)
ngtherightdictionarydependson______youwanttouitfor.(2007江苏卷)
r
ssayanddohasalife-longeffectontheirchildren.(2007陕西卷)
ovingreadingskills,youcanreadfasterandunderstandmoreofyouread.(2007
上海春)
A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whether
nshineandsoftsandsmake
________itis.(2007天津卷)
tryyourluckdowntown,BobThat’s______thebestjobsare.(2007浙江卷)
((08全国I卷)yerrarelywearsanythingotherthanjeansandaT-shirt______the
ason.
r
(08山东卷)23.______wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.
(08北京卷)paniesareworkingtogethertocreatetheyhopewillbethe
bestmeansoftransportinthe21stcentury.
(08天津卷)ttimewehadgreatfunwas_____wewerevisitingtheWaterPark.
(08重庆卷)inChongqingareproudof__theyhaveachieved,inthepasttenyears.
(08安徽卷)tsarealwaysinterestedinfindingout_______theycangowithanew
teacher.
g
(08福建卷)27._____isknowntousallisthatthe2008OlympicGameswilltakeplacein
Beijing.
(08湖南卷)ked_____theyneededmost,thekidssaidtheywantedtofeel
importantandloved.
(08江西卷)ssufferedatthehandsofMan___theyweredestroyedbypeopleto
makewayforagriculturaltoprovidefoodformorepeople.
ch
(08浙江卷)4.______wantstostayinahotelhastopaytheirownway.
(08浙江卷)ildrenwanttochallengethemlvesbylearningalanguagedifferent
from______theirparentsspeakathome.
(08重庆卷)ple,__theyareoldoryoung,richorpoor,richorpoor,havebeentrying
theirbesttohelpthoinneedsincethedisaster.
r
r
(08上海卷)estfriend,Icanmakeaccurateguessabout___hewilldoorthink.
(08上海卷)eenproved___eatingvegetablesinchildhoodhelpstoprotectyou
againstriousillnessinlaterlife.
09重庆)11Weshouldconsiderthestudents’request___theschoollibraryprovidemore
booksonpopularscience.
【答案】A
(09江苏)youngpeopleintheWestareexpectedtoleave__couldbelife’smost
importantdecision—marriage—almostentirelyuptoluck.
【答案】D
(09山东)tlegirlwhogotlostdecidedtoremain_________shewasandwaittor
hermother.
【答案】Aremain是系动词,后加表语从句,由句意可知,从句缺地点状语,所以选A。
(09安徽)indoubtamongthepeopleastothepracticalvalueofthe
project.
ve
emains
【答案】D
(09湖南)2.beenpreparedtodoittakestosave
herlife.
r
【答案】C名词性从句的引导词。句意为:她对我们来说是非常宝贵,我们已经准备
好做一切来拯救她的生命。
(09江西)thasworriedmanyscientists______theearthisbecomingwarmer
andwarmertheyears.
【答案】C间隔式同位语从句的用法。即先行词是thefact和that引导的同位语从句
中间隔了谓语部分。
(09海南)speaktoisinchargeofInternationalSalesplea
er
【答案】Cwhoever既作了to的宾语,又作isinchargeofInternationalSalesplea的主
语。“whoever”作代词,/anypersonwho/thepersonwho/“任何人”、“无论谁”、“……的人”。
(09陕西)tobookcanbeofhelptowantstodothejob.
r
【答案】D此处从做介词to的宾语,是名词性从句,引导词做从句的主语,指人,意
思是:无论是谁,选D
(09海南)hemostimportantquestionstheyhadtoconsiderwasof
publichealth
【答案】C句意为:他们必须考虑其中最重要的问题是公共卫生。考查that作代词,
that作代词,往往用于特指,相当于“that+名词”,它也只能代替事情不能代替人。
(09上海)diplomat,heoftenthinksofhecanreactmore
appropriatelyonsuchoccasions.
【答案】D
(09四川)mefromtheschooloffice________WangLinhadbeenadmittedto
BeijingUniversity.
【答案】C在该题中that引导了一个同位语从句来解释说明news的内容,由于该题把
同位语从句后置了,所以很多考生由于不能正确分析句子结构而错误选择了D项。
(09天津)vioustothestudents______theyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheir
future.
【答案】D
(09浙江)10.-Isthereanypossibility______youcouldpickmeupattheairport
-Noproblem.
【答案】B
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