分词作状语

分词作状语用法是所有分词用法中最重要的，也是最难掌握的。

分词在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。

一、现在分词作状语

一、现在分词作状语，表主动、进行，相当于一个状语从句，根据需要可以使用被动式或完

成式。

Studyingatthehometown,Ienjoyedthehappiesttimeduringmylife.

Beingill,shecan'tgotoworktoday.

Thechildrenranoutoftheroom,laughingandjumping.

meane-mail,________togetfurtherinformation.

ly,atallmandrivingagoldencarriage________thegirlandtookheraway,________

intothewoods.

g;;disappeared

g;;disappearing

二、现在分词的时态语态

1.现在分词的一般式由“动词+ing”构成，其被动式为“being+动词过去分词”。

例如：ThestudentsstandingtherearefromClassThree.

TheEnglishnovelbeingtranslatedbytheeditornowwillbecompletedinOctober.

2.现在分词的完成式由“having+动词过去分词”构成，其被动式为“having+been+动词过

去分词”。

例如：Havingfinishedallthework,theyhadagoodrest.

Havingbeengiventherightanswer,theteacheraskedmetositdown.

Givenmoretime,wewillfinishtheworkintime.

3.现在分词的否定式为“not+动词-ing”，被动式的否定式为“not+being+动词过去分词”，

其完成式的否定式为“not+having+动词过去分词”。

例如：Notknowingwhattodo,hesattherecrying.

Notbeingnoticedbythepublic,theyoungwriterfeltalittlepity.

1._______fromhearttroubleforyears,ProfessorWhitehastotakesomemedicinewithhim

whereverhegoes.

uffered

ghercarstolen,_______.

awasarchedthoroughly

riedtoapolicemanforhelp

二、过去分词作状语

过去分词只有一种形式，即done，表被动。

Themothercamein,followedbyherson.

Whenheated，waterwillbeturnedintosteam.

Deeplymovedbythefilm,weallcried.

Bornintoapoorfamily,hehadnomorethantwoyearsofschooling.

1．_____fromthetopoftheTVtower,andwecangetabeautifulsightofmostofthecity.

2._____in1613,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStated.

ng

三、过去分词与V-ing作状语的区别

1.分词在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。

2.V-ing表示主动、进行的动作；2.过去分词表示被动。

Seenfromadistance,themountainlookedlikeanelephant.

Seeingthemountain,healwaysthinksofhischildhood.

1._______inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletat

home.

waited

2.____aloneinthedarkroom,thelittleboywassofrightenedastocry.

left

3._____bythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthe

farms.

attracted

ldrenranoutoftheroom,______.

AlaughedandjumpedBTolaughandjumpClaughingandjumpingDlaughandjump

用所给词的适当形式填空

1.______(e)fromthetopofthehill,thecitylooksbeautifultous.

2.______(give)time,he’llmakeafirstclasstennisplayer.

3.______(look)outofthewindow,Ifoundmanychildrenplayingontheplayground.

3、连词+分词做状语：分词做状语常和某些连词连用，表示分词是做什么状语，常见的和

分词连用的连词有When，becau，if，though，once，unless等。

llyspeaking,______accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.

betaken

2．______,thisfilmcanneverbeenforgotten.

AOnceeingBoncehavingenCOnceenDOncetoe

四、分词作状语相当于状语从句

分词在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。

一、用作时间状语，分词(短语)用作时间状语通常可转换成由when,while,after,before等引

导时间状语从句。

典型例句

Seeingthecat,themouranoff.

=When[Assoonas]themousawthecat,itranoff.

高考实例

When______differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingthe

manysimilarities.

compared

二、用作原因状语，分词(短语)用作原因状语通常可转换成由as,becau,since,nowthat等

引导的原因状语从句。

Beingveryweak,shecouldn'tmove.

=Asshewasveryweak,shecouldn’tmove.

高考实例

(1)_____withsomuchtrouble,wefailedtocompletethetaskontime.

(2)____forthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork,Alicewasinlowspirits.

amed

三、用作条件状语，分词(短语)用作条件状语通常可转换成由从属连词if引导的条件状语从

句。

典型例句

Workinghard,youwillsucceed.

=Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.

Givenmoretime,wecouldhavedoneitbetter.

=Ifwehadbeengivenmoretime,wecouldhavedoneitbetter.

高考实例

______time,he’llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.

四、用作让步状语，分词(短语)用作让步状语通常可转换成由从属连词though,although,no

matter…等引导的让步状语从句。

Althoughlivingmilesaway,heattendedthecour.

=Althoughhelivedmilesaway,heattendedthecour.

Defeated,heremainedapopularboxer.

=Thoughthewasdefeated,heremainedapopularboxer.

高考实例

Nomatterhowfrequently_____,theworksofBeethovenstillattractpeopleallovertheworld.

ming

erformed

五、用作伴随状语，表示的动作伴随句子谓语动作同时发生，即句子谓语所表示的动作为主

要动作，分词短语所表示的动作伴随性的次要动作。

典型例句

Hesatinthechairreadinganewspaper.

Don'tyousittheredoingnothing.

Hecamein,followedbyhiswife.

高考实例

(1)Don’tsitthere______dhelpmewiththistable.

ng

(2)Mycousincametoemefromthecountry,______meafullbasketoffreshfruits.

ught

(3)Wheneverhewasaskedwhyhewaslateforclass,hewouldanswercarelessly,

always______thesamething.

said

(4)Weoftenprovideourchildrenwithtoys,footballsorbasketballs,_______thatallchildrenlike

thethings.

t

六、用作结果状语，分词(短语)用作结果状语时，通常可转换成并列句。

典型例句

Hedied,leavinghiswifewithfivechildren.

=Hediedandlefthiswifewithfivechildren.

高考实例

(1)Heglancedoverather,______thatthoughshewastiny,sheemedverywellputtogether.

noted

(2)Oilpriceshaverinby32percentsincethestartoftheyear,_____arecordUS$57.65a

barrelonApril4.

ng

aching

课后练习题

1.______aloneinthedarkroom,thelittleboywassofrightenedastocry.

left

2._____inthisway,thesituationdoesn’temsodisappointing.

okedat

3._______inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletat

home.

waited

4._____moreattention,thetreecouldhavegrownbetter.

given

5.______theprogramme,theyhavetostaythereforanothertwoweeks.

pleted

notcompleted

beenattackedbyterrorists,_______.

lbuildingcollapd

gsweregiventotourists

阅读1(2012陕西省高考卷)

【要点综述】众所周知，摄入过多脂肪，缺乏锻炼以及长期吸烟会增加患心脏病的风险，但

最新的研究表明，另外一项我们平时不注意的东西更使我们患心脏病的风险大大增加，那就

是我们所呼吸的空气。

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阅读2

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