新概念3

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§Lesson1Apumaatlarge逃遁的美洲狮

【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语

◆puman.美洲狮

◆spotv.看出，发现

◆evidencen.证据

◆accumulatev.积累，积聚

◆obligev.使…感到必须

◆huntn.追猎；寻找

◆blackberryn.黑莓

◆humanbeing人类

◆cornerv.使走投无路，使陷入困境

◆trailn.一串，一系列

◆printn.印痕

◆cling(clung,clung)v.粘

◆convincev.使…信服

◆somehowadv.不知怎么搞地，不知

什么原因

◆disturbv.令人不安

学习词汇时仅知道汉语语义是不够的，要把单词放在

语句中体会其应用

学习关键句型结构时则要把它放在段落结构或文章

里

★spotv.看出，发现

pickout/e/recognize/catchsightof

eg:Atallmaniasytospotinthecrowd.

Hehasgoodeyeforspottingmistakes.

他有敏锐的识别错误的能力。

spot(做动词时候)=e:强调结果、辨别出、看见、

识别、发现。

find强调发现的结果。

findout查出事实真相。

discover做出重大发现

notice注意到

obrve观察

watch观察活动中的人或画面

spotn.斑点

eg:Thereisawhitespotontheshirt.

onthespot

1,立刻，马上（atonce,immediately）

Anyonebreakingtheruleswillbeasked

toleaveonthespot.

2,attheplaceoftheaction在现场

Whereversheisneeded,sheisquickly

onthespot.

★evidence[u]n.证据

Whenthepolicearrived,hehadalready

destroyedtheevidence.

evidence=proof

inevidence:显而易见的.

Hewasinevidenceattheparty.

evidentlyadv.

evidentadj.

★accumulatevt,vi.积累，积聚

accumulate强调积累的过程

Astheevidenceaccumulates,expertsfrom

thezoofeltobligedtoinvestigate.

gathervt.聚集，把某人召集在某处

collect收集，采集

asmble集合，集会，vt.装配

hoard大量地贮存

Thesquirrelhoardsupnutsforthecold

winter.

hoardup=storeup

amass积聚（主要用于诗歌和文学作品）

★obligev.使…感到必须

feelobligedtodosth.感觉有必要做某事

beobligedtodosth被迫做某事

★huntn.追猎；寻找

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runafter强调追赶、追求.

ek追寻（梦想，理想）=pursue

cha追赶.

huntfor

arch搜寻某处为了寻找到某人或某物

★cornerv.使走投无路，使陷入困境

cornern.角落

atthecornerofthestreet

inthecorneroftheroom

onthecornerofthedesk

becornered………被逼得走投无路

常用于被动语态：

Thethiefwascorneredatlast.

Theproblemcorneredme.这个问题把我难例

了。

★trailn.一串，一系列

trail==followvt.跟踪

eg:Thepolicetrailedthecriminaltothe

placewherehewashiding.

★cling(clung,clung)v.粘

eg:Sheisalwaysclingingtohermother.

Heclungtothehopethathewould

succeed.(抱有，怀有)

stick粘住stickto坚持stickyadj.粘的

★convincevt.使…信服

使sb相信sth

和宾语从句that搭配使用

没有宾语的情况下要采用主系表结构：be

convinced

sbbeconvicnedsb相信

★somehowadv.不知怎么搞地，不知什么原因

bysomemeans,insomeway,forsome

reasonunknown

somewhat==alittle

★disturbv.令人不安

disturbingadj.令人不安的disturbed

感到不安的

surprising令人吃惊的surprid

感到吃惊的

exciting令人激动的excited

感到激动的

【Text】

§Lesson1Apumaatlarge逃遁的美洲狮

listentothetapethenanswerthequestion

below.听录音,然后回答以下问题.

Wheremustthepumahavecomefrom?

Pumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswhichare

portscameinto

LondonZoothatawildpumahadbeen

spottedforty-fivemilessouthofLondon,

r,as

theevidencebegantoaccumulate,experts

fromtheZoofeltobligedtoinvestigate,for

thedescriptionsgivenbypeoplewho

claimedtohaveenthepumawere

extraordinarilysimilar.

Thehuntforthepumabeganinasmall

villagewhereawomanpickingblackberries

saw'alargecat'onlyfiveyardsawayfrom

diatelyranawaywhenshesaw

it,andexpertsconfirmedthatapumawill

notattackahumanbeingunlessitis

rchproveddifficult,forthe

pumawasoftenobrvedatoneplaceinthe

morningandatanotherplacetwentymiles

eritwent,it

leftbehinditatrailofdeaddeerandsmall

ntswereenin

anumberofplacesandpumafurwasfound

lpeople

complainedof'cat-likenois'atnightanda

businessmanonafishingtripsawthepuma

ertswerenowfully

convincedthattheanimalwasapuma,but

wherehaditcomefrom?Asnopumashad

beenreportedmissingfromanyzoointhe

country,thisonemusthavebeeninthe

posssionofaprivatecollectorand

t

wentonforveralweeks,butthepuma

sturbingtothinkthat

adangerouswildanimalisstillatlargein

thequietcountryside.

【课文讲解】

atlarge

1：逃遁的，没有被控制的。

2：详细的(indetail)

3：总体来讲（asawhole）

在英文的表达方式中，首先呈现给读者的是结果。写

议论文的时候要注意把握观点

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eg:Pandasarelargecat-likeanimalswhich

arefoundinAsia.

life-like栩栩如生的

一般来讲定语从句和同位语从句紧随在被修饰名词

后面，但为了保持句子平衡，也可以把谓语动词放到

从句之前

定语从句只是对于被修饰词的补充说明、修饰。

同位语从句则是讲述被修饰名词的内容

定语从句的引导词：

指人：主语who;宾语who/whom;定语

who

表达事物：that(也可指人)/which

时间状语：when;地点状语：where;原因状语：

why

同位语从句：名词做主语、宾语时，关系词用that而

不是which

时间when;地点where

eg:Anideacametoherthatshemightdo

theexperimentinanotherway.

Ihavenoideawhathashappenedtohim.

定语从句中没有what这个关系词，但它可以引

导同位语从句

(Anidea)…cometosb.某人突然想到了……

sly==sly

认真（严肃）对待某事

y:草率对待某事

as随着

过去分词做定语

声称曾经作过某事：claimtohavedonesth

IstillremembertheschoolwhereIstudied

English.

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confirm:besure,becertain

arch=hunt

把某物留在后面：leavebehind

Whereverhewent,thewoundsoldierleft

behindhimatrailofblood.伤员所到之处，都留

下道道血迹。

英文的表达方式重点在于突出客观事实，而中文则善

于运用动作的执行者

complainof/about:抱怨

on+名词：强调动作正在进行

ontheri:在上升

ontheincrea:在增加

onthewatch:在观看

onthematch:在比赛中

onthefishingtrip:在钓鱼的途中

onholiday:在度假

fully:completely,entirely

intheposssionofsb==insb'sposssion

归某人所有

inposssionofsth.拥有某物

takeposssionof拥有

eg:Thebeautifulcarisinmyposssion/in

theposssionofme.

Iaminposssionofthebeautifulcar.

Thepersoninposssionofthebighou

ixcited.

Itisdisturbingtothinkthat一想到………就心

里不安

eg:ItisdisturbingtothinkthatIfeltmy

examination.

熟读并背诵第一自然段

总结：

atlarge

sly

clingto

leavebehind

complainof

intheposssionof/inposssionof

feelobligedtoinvestigate

awomanpickingblackberries

abusinessmanonafishingtrip

goonveralweeks

inthequietcountryside

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【Exercis】

tethentencesbyaddinga

suitablewordtotheendofeachone:

1Whatareyoulooking?

2Whereisyourmothergoing?

3Whomhastheletterbeennt?

4ThisisthehouIwasborn?

5Whatdoesyourdecisiondepend?

key:1at/for2to3to4in5on

hentencesagainchangingthe

possible,omitthewordswhomorwhich.

1Heisthemanaboutwhomwehave

heardsomuch.

2Theshelfonwhichyouputthobooks

hascollapd.

3Fromwhomdidyoureceivealetter?

4Thisistheroadbywhichwecame.

5Whereisthepencilwithwhichyouwere

playing?

key:

1Heisthemanwehaveheardsomuch.

2Theshelfyouputthobookshas

collapd.

3whomdidyoureceivealetterfrom?

4Thisistheroadwecameby.

5Whereisthepencilyouwereplaying?

注意：3whom不能省略

定语从句中which以及指代人的做宾语的whom,

在非正式用法当中可以省略。省略时，介词不能前置

到关系代词whom,which前，只能用于非固定的动

词短语后面。

以look为例

lookat:注视

lookfor:寻找介词不能前置

livein:居住介词可以前置

eg:Thisistheoldhouinwhichhelived./

Thisistheoldhouhelivedin

【Multiplechoicequestions】多项选择题

P17

ventuallydecidedto

investigate.

etheydidnotbelievethat

pumaxistedinEngland.

etheywantedapumaforthe

LondonZoo.

omansawapumainasmall

village.

epeople’sdescriptionsofthe

pumahadalotincommon.

要求陈述原因：

1．D

incommon-similar

rticularpieceofevidence

persuadedtheexpertsthatapumahadbeen

eninthevillage?

ahadnotattackedthewoman.

anhaddescribedtheanimal

shehadenas‘alargecat’.

adcomeveryclotoa

humanbeing.

ahadbehavedlikeacat.

A只是一个具体的特定的事例，阅读理解题的时候

要把握中心大意

Blargecat关键性用词

2.B

Pumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswhichare

foundinAmerica.

stheproblemtheexpertswere

unabletosolve?

pumahadmanagedtocover

suchgreatdistanceswithinaday.

pumahadescapedfromazoo.

epumahadbelongedto.

pumahadclimbedatree.

A文章中未提到

3．C

做理解题时要紧扣主题，紧扣中心大意

文章最后一句话总结了大意：

Itisdisturbingtothinkthatadangerous

wildanimalisstillatlargeinthequiet

countryside.

句型结构题和词汇题是关键

umulatingevidencemadethe

expertstheanimalwasapuma.(lines

4-6)

.

thought

,bemadetodo

主动语态中不定式to的符号应该省略

被动语态中不定式to的符号必须补充完整

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5Peoplesaidthepuma.(lines5-6)

w

den

把say改成claim---Peopleclaimedtohave

enthepuma.

5.D---清楚的道明了动作发生的先后关系

6,itimmediatelyranaway.(lines

8-9)

gobrvedc.

eing

obrved

与原句中的when意思要一致，when引导的时间状语

从句表示一

结构形式和assoonas相一致的

如果用主动：Onobrvingher,itimmediately

ranaway.

Oneingme,hewavedtome.

6．B

7Pumasneverattackahumanbeing

exceptcornered.(lines9)

eyared.

whentheyare

原句中unles----if…not/exceptonthe

conditionthat

when=if

except可以和名词/名词性从句进行搭配，也可以是

when/if引导的从句形式。

7．D

8Theexpertswerenowfullyconvinced

thattheanimalapuma.(lines13-14)

nlyhavebeen

mustbe只是对客观现实的推测，时态不一致

8．D

情态动词表达推测的语意概念时，对于过去事实推测

一定要用于情态动词have以及过去分词形式进行搭

配。

9Thewomansaw‘alargecat’five

yardsawayfromher.(lines7-8)

thand.

within

nomorethan=only

within=notmorethan

9.C

10Apumawillnotattackahumanbeing

unlessitfeelsitlftobe.(line9)

over

inacorner表示处于困境、尴尬的境地

inatrap表示落于陷阱中

atanangle表示弯曲的、不直的

10．B

11Abusinessmanonafishingtripis

probablysomeonewho.(line13)

forpleasurec.

islivingasa

fisherman

fishesforpleasure钓鱼为了游玩

12Aprivatecollectorisamanwho

collects.(lines15-16)

wnc.

ntothepublic

12．A

onhisown=alone

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§Lesson2

Thirteen

equalsone十三等于

一

【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语

◆equalv.等于

◆raiv.募集；筹（款）

◆vicarn.牧师

◆torchlightn.电筒光

★equalv.等于

AequalB

与…相匹敌Noneofuscanequalher,either

inbeautyorasadancer.

eg:MaryisquiteequaltoJohninbrains.

beequalto+n:1.与…相匹敌

2.有能力做某事to-介词

eg:Iamequaltorunningthecompany.

★raiv.募集；筹（款）

raimoney筹款

raiprice提高

raiahor饲养

raiafamily供养

raiwheet种植小麦

raianarmy招募

raiashout发出喊声

★vicarn.牧师

★torchlightn.电筒光

【Text】

§Lesson2Thirteenequalsone十三等于

一

Ourvicarisalwaysraisingmoneyforone

cauoranother,buthehasnevermanaged

togetenoughmoneytohavethechurch

clockwhichudto

strikethehoursdayandnightwasdamaged

manyyearsagoandhasbeensilentever

since.

Onenight,however,ourvicarwokeup

withastart:theclockwasstrikingthehours!

Lookingathiswatch,hesawthatitwasone

o'clock,butthebellstruckthirteentimes

ithatorch,the

vicarwentupintotheclocktowertoe

orchlight,he

caughtsightofafigurewhomhe

immediatelyrecognizedasBillWilkins,our

localgrocer.

'WhateverareyoudoinguphereBill?'

askedthevicarinsurpri.

'I'mtryingtorepairthebell,'answered

Bill.'I'vebeencomingupherenightafter

,Iwashoping

togiveyouasurpri.'

'Youcertainlydidgivemeasurpri!'said

thevicar.'You'veprobablywokenup

,I'mglad

thebellisworkingagain.'

'That'sthetrouble,vicar,'answeredBill.

'It'sworkingallright,butI'mafraidthatat

oneo'clockitwillstrikethirteentimesand

there'snothingIcandoaboutit.'

'We'llgetudtothat,Bill,'saidthevicar.

'Thirteenisnotasgoodasone,butit's

'sgodownstairs

andhaveacupoftea.'

【课文讲解】

现在进行时和always等频度副词的搭配——表示

说话人带有的情感色彩

Tomisalwaysdoinghomework.

Tomisalwaysdoeshishomework.

Heisalwaysmakingnois.

oneoranother表示某种、这样或那样

getenoughmoney筹集足够的资金来做某事

Ihavetogetenoughmoneytohavemy

hourepaired.

havethechurchclockrepaired-----havesth.

done找某人来做某事

havetheplanerepairedhavehaircut

某人所遭受到的意外某种情况-----主语必须是发出

动作的人

iswallet

stolen.

udto:过去常常做，而现在不再发生的事情了

Heudtosmokeeveryday.

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however用于口语，主要用于句首，作文中，最好

用在句中、句尾，要用逗号分隔开来

Hesaidthatitwasso,hewasmistake,

however.

or:Hesaidthatitwasso,however,hewas

mistake.

Iknowhisstory,however,Iwouldn’tliketo

tellyou.

Iknowhisstory,I,however,wouldn’tliketo

tellyou.

however可用neverthelessnonetheless替换

start:惊跳、惊奇

Eg:Thevoicemadehimstart.

Whatastartyougiveme.你真吓了我一跳

Hestoodupwithastart.

before…才

Nearlyaweekpastbeforehecouldexplain

whathadhappentohim.

Armedwithatorch…

现在分词和过去分词的用法looking

分词做状语/定语时，一定要注意它和逻辑主语要呼

应一致

Inthetorchlight

非正式用语中whom可以省略掉

recognizedsbas认出某人是

regardsbas,thinkofsbas,treatsbas(把

某人对待为),haveonsbas（把某人尊敬为）

whatever:ever用来加强语气

nightafternight一夜连着一夜

dayafterday/yearafteryear/weekafter

week/busafterbus

youcertainlydidgiveme…

did

肯定句中常用do,did,does加强语气和情感色彩，

一定要位于动词原形之前。

Eg:Youdolikebeautytoday.

aswell用在句尾相当于too,主要用在肯定句中，

但比too所表达的语意更优秀

still用于句首，用逗号分隔开来，表达一个转折的关

系。虽然如此，但是

getudto,beudtodo,beaccustomed

to,getaccustomedto都表示习惯于

get强调渐进的过程，be强调习惯了的状态

Eg:Weareudtothecoldweatherhere.

Youwillgetudtothecoldweather

here.你很快会适应这寒冷的天气的。

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【Specialdifficulties】P20

In

1．prep表达惊奇，恐惧，失望或生气等感情色

彩的名词搭配连用,在句中起状语的作用

insurpri;inastonishment;inalarm;in

embarrassment;inamazement;indespair;

indismay;inanger;indisappointment

2．prep表达以、用:用于语言，书写材料，色

彩或声音等方面

inEnglish;inpencil;inink;inafew

words;insuchahighvoice;inoil;inred;in

code

3,用于状态、情况或处境

introuble;indifficulty;inbed;inahurry;

indebt;inlovewithsb;intears;ingood

order;ingoodrepair;ingoodhealth;inpor

health;inthebadmood;inthegoodmood;

inhaste;inafavorofexcitement;inpoverty;

inluxury

【

Exerci

】

Uaphrawithininplaceofthewordsin

italics

1Ilefthomeveryquicklysoasnotto

missthetrain.

2IsuppoIshallfinishthis

eventually

.

3Intheearlymorningtherewasnota

persontobeen.

4ShallIwritewithapenorwithapencil?

5Theyhaven’tmanyinterestswhichthey

share.

6Whyisthatlittlegirlcrying?

key:1inahurry2intheend3in

sight4inink/inpencil5incommon

6intears

【Multiplechoicequestions】多项选择题

Comprehension理解

1Thechurchclockdidnotwork

becau.

aitwastooexpensivetorepair

bitdisturbedthevicar’ssleep

cBillWilkinsonlyworkedatnight

dthebellhadbeenoutoforderformany

years

1.D∽wasdamaged

2ThevicarwassurpridtoeBillWilkins

intheclocktowerbecau.

lkinshadbeenhopingtosurpri

him

nunusualtimeandplacetofind

him

xpectedtofindafigure

ckhadstruckthirteentimes

2.B

3ThevicarofferedBillWilkinsacupoftea

becau.

ghtthatBillWilkinswasthirsty

tohim,theclockwouldnowstrike

onceanhour

ratefulforthetroubleBillwilkins

hadtaken

leadtohavebeenwokenup

fornothing

为…表示感谢：begratefulfor/bethankfulfor

不辞辛劳地做某事：takethetroubletodosth.

3.C

Structure

4Inthepastthebigclockthehours.

(ll3-4)

struckc.

aysbeen

striking

Inthepast是过去时态的标志；always用在实

义动词之前

4.B

5Itwasnotuntilthethirteenthstroke

thebellstopped.(l.7)

Itwasnotuntil…that…一直到......才......

Eg:Itwasnotuntilmidnightthatsnow

stopped.

5.D

6ThevicaraskedBilldoinginthe

churchtower.(l.10)

wasc.

erwashe

宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序

6．B

7‘Iitallright,butI’mafraid…’(ll15-

16)

突出结果或者对现在的影响，现在完成时

7．C

8‘We’llgetudtothat,Bill.’(l.17)

ndd.

havingheard

to介词，表示习惯于

8．A

Vocabulary

9Moneywhichiscollectedforacauis

knownas.(ll.1-2)

arshipd.

aninvestment

fund基金cash现金scholarship奖学金

investment投资

9．B

10Agrocerisamanwho.

speople

runsashop经营商店

10．A

11‘I’vebeencominghereforweeks

now.’(l.11)

lnights

nightafternight=everynight

11.A

12‘.I’mgladthebellisworking

again.’(l.14)

esamed.

Evennow

still尽管如此，依旧，仍然=Justthesame

12．C

It’sraining,stillImustgoout.

still连接性副词，相当于inspiteofthat,even

though,justthesame

yet但是，然而

Ihavefailed,yetIshalltryagain.

Thispictureisnottoovaluable,stillIlikeit.

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§Lesson3An

unknown

goddess无名女

神

【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语

◆goddessn.女神

◆archaeologistn.考古学家

◆Aegeanadj.爱琴海的

◆explorev.考察，勘探

◆promontoryn.海角

◆prosperousadj.（经济上）繁荣的，昌盛的

◆civilizationn.文明

◆storeyn.楼层

◆drainagen.排水

◆worshipn.崇拜

◆sacredadj.宗教的，神圣的

◆fragmentn.碎片

◆remainsn.遗物，遗迹，废墟

◆classicaladj.（希腊罗马）古文化的

◆reconstructv.修复

◆restv.倚放，放置

◆hipn.屁股，臀部

◆full-lengthadj.（裙衣）拖地长的

◆gracefuladj.优雅的

◆identityn.身份

★goddessn.女神

★archaeologistn.考古学家

★Aegeanadj.爱琴海的

★explorev.考察，勘探

Thearchaeologistsareexploringthecave.

explorationn.

explorern.探险家

★promontoryn.海角

★prosperousadj.（经济上）繁荣的，昌盛的

Ourfinanceisprosperous.

thriving昌盛的，兴旺的

booming蓬勃的，景气的

flourishing繁茂的，健康的

★civilizationn.文明

highlevelofcivilization高度文明

civilizev.

★storeyn.楼层

★drainagen.排水

★worshipn.崇拜

respect;admire

Whodoyouworshipinthworld?

warshipn.军舰战船

★sacredadj.宗教的，神圣的

holyadj.神圣的，圣洁的

solemnadj.庄严的，庄重的

sacredmusic圣乐

sacredpromi神圣的诺言

★fragmentn.碎片

★remainsn.遗物，遗迹，废墟

★classicaladj.（希腊罗马）古文化的

classicalmusic古典音乐

classicaleducation人文科学教育

classicadj.第一流的

Thisisaclassicexampleofloveatthefirst

sight.

classicn.杰作，经典之作

★reconstructv.修复

re-重新，再次

construct构造，建造，组织

buildhou造建筑物

putupatent

constructantence

constructabrokenstatuary

erect:buildhighbuildings

erectmonument建造纪念碑

erectclocktower建造钟楼

tup;establish;found建立

Eg:tupstudents’union

establishaschool/rule

foundacountry

constructionn.

constructiveadj.有教育意义的

constructorn.建设者

★restv.倚放，放置

★hipn.屁股，臀部

[口]在服用兴奋剂，宗教信仰方面赶时髦的人；消

息灵通人士；adj.通晓的，见闻广的

Eg:Haryisarealhip.玛丽真是赶时髦

Theguyisn’tahip.这家伙什么都不懂

joinedatthehip表示交情极厚的

Eg:Thetwoarejoinedatthehip.

shootfromthehip信口开河

Eg:Sorry,IsaidthatIshouldn’thaveshot

fromthehip.

★full-lengthadj.（裙衣）拖地长的

afull-lengthdress

★gracefuladj.优雅的

agracefullady

elegant(behavier)

★identityn.身份

【Text】

§Lesson3Anunknowngoddess无名女

神

Listentothetapethenanswerthequestion

below.

Howdidthearchaeologistsknowthatthe

statuewasagoddess?

Sometimeago，aninterestingdiscoverywas

madebyarchaeologistsontheAegeanisland

ofKea．AnAmericanteamexploredatemple

whichstandsinanancientcityonthe

promontoryofAyiaIrini．Thecityatonetime

musthavebeenprosperous，foritenjoyeda

highlevelofcivilization．Hous--oftenthree

storeyshigh----werebuiltofstone．Theyhad

largeroomswithbeautifullydecorated

walls．Thecitywavenequippedwitha

drainagesystem，foragreatmanyclaypipes

werefoundbeneaththenarrowstreets．

Thetemplewhichthearchaeologists

exploredwasudasaplaceofworship

oman

ostsacredroomofthe

temple,clayfragmentsoffifteenstatues

thereprenteda

goddessandhad,atonetime,beenpainted.

Thebodyofonestatue

wasfoundamongremainsdatingfromthe

singhead

happenedtobeamongremainsofthefifth

admusthavebeenfound

thearchaeologistsreconstructedthe

fragments,theywereamazedtofindthat

thegoddessturnedouttobeaverymodern-

odthreefeethigh

wearingafull-lengthskirtwhichsweptthe

ehergreatage,shewasvery

gracefulindeed,but,sofar,the

archaeologistshavebeenunabletodiscover

heridentity.

【课文讲解】

aninterestingdiscovery：强调discovery，体

现发现这个动作被考古学家做出

主动语态难以突出重点archaeologistsmadean

interestingdiscovery

L03-01end1010’

’

5959”

”

L03-02begin1212’

’

4242”

”

英文表达：结果、影响、效果为主语，强调对客观事

实的陈述

AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhich…

which引导定语从句，修饰限定temple

whichstandsinanancientcityon…

which=that;stand=lie,situate(vt.)locate

(vt.)

AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhich

islocated/situatedin…

AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhich

liein…

stand表示高高坐落于，矗立于

Eg:Shestands1.75m./Agreattreestands

onthemount.

Thecityatonetimemusthavebeen

prosperous，forit…

for引导原因状语从句，对主句的附加说明

becau引导原因状语从句，重点突出原因

Eg:Thedaybrokeforthebirdsweresinging.

atonetime:表达曾经，一度；过去时态的标志，

once

musthavebeen对过去事实肯定的推测

enjoyedahighlevelofcivilization.享有高度

文明

with…

Eg:ayoungmanwithbroadshoulders/an

oldladywithblackhair

beautifullydecorated过去分词做定语

abeautifullydresdlady衣着漂亮的女士/a

dertedcarpark废弃的停车场

awhitepainteddoor被粉刷成白色的门

现在分词做定语，被修饰词与修饰词之间为；逻辑主

动关系

aboyclimbingthetree/thestudents

readingintheroom

Thecitywavenequippedwith…for…were

found…

beequippedwith配备，装备

Eg:thecarwaquippedwithair

conditioning.

for引导原因状语从句

beneaththenarrowstreets/underthe

narrowstreets

h=under正下方

Heisstandingunder/beneaththeumbrella.

under:在进行中，undercontrol控制之中；under

discussion讨论之中；underrepairs修理之中

below:在下方，强调斜下方

Eg:Sheissittingbelowthewindow.

Thetemplewhich…

beudas/beudtobe把…用作为

Eg:Theboxwasudasadeskinthesmall

villageschool.

Thewoodenboxwasudasabookca.

Thewoodenboxisudtocontainbooks.

Inthemostsacredroomof…

Eachofthereprented…beenpainted.

reprentvt.代表

Ireprentalltheclassmates.

Thebodyofonestatuewasfound…

dating现在分词，修饰remains

thecustomsdatingfrom1990

datefrom追溯到，从…开始

Thetraditiondatesfromthetimewhenhis

grandfatherwasyoung.

L03-02end1212’

’

4242”

”

L03-03begin1212’

’

5656”

”

Thecastledatesfromthe14thcentury.

Thecastledatesbacktothecentury.

Itsmissingheadhappenedtobeamong

remainsof…

happento强调事情的偶然发生

Eg:Ihappentohavedriventhatkindofcar.

我恰巧开过那种汽车。

Hehappenedtofindtheticketinhis

pocket.他恰巧在口袋里找到那张票。

句式：Ithappensthat……

Eg:IthappnesthatImetheronmywayto

work

Ihappenedtomeetheronmywayto

work

happenon巧遇，偶然发现,偶遇

Eg:Ihappendonthisoldpictureinthe

backofthedrawer.

Guess,whoIhappendonwhileIwasin

Londonlastmonth?

reconstruct:puttogether,piecetogether,

restore

四个形容词:amazed:verymuchsurprid

surprid;astonished;amazed;astounded

感到惊讶的，语气递增

astonished:muchsurprid

amazed:verymuchsurprid惊奇

astounded非常惊讶，尺愕，惊奇

tofind…/todiscover…/torealize…

I’mnotsurpridtoeyouhere.

turnout表明结果

turnout(tobe)+n./adj.

Eg:Ourpartyturnedout(tobe)asuccess

theconcertturnedouttobefailure.

Itturnedoutthat…………原来是(表示结果)

that从句，或其他名词从句，it作形式主语

Eg:Itturnedoutthatthediamondhadbeen

inthebankallthetime.

Itturnedoutthathisstatementwas

fal.

asitturnsout人们后来发现

Eg:Asitturnsout,therewasnotneedto

worry.

Asitturnsout,thereportwasmistaken.

人们后来发现,这篇报告被弄错了。

Shestoodthreefeethighandherhands

restedonthhips.

reston=dependon,leanon

Hishandrestedlightlyonmyshoulder.

whichswepttheground进一步说明拖地的，曳地

的

despite/inspiteof+n./动名词

Itisstillaproblemforthearchaeologistsup

tonow.

sofar,uptonow都是完成时的标志

discoverheridentity:findoutheidentity

L03-03end1212’

’

5656”

”

L03-04begin1212’

’

5858”

”

【

Specialdifficulties

】

happen(to),ithappenedthat…

【Multiplechoicequestions】

Comprehension

1Theinterestingdiscoverymadebythe

archaeologistswas.

ecityhadoncebeenprosperous

etemplehadbeenudasaplace

ofworship

undthefifteenstatueshadbeen

painted

eywerenotthefirsttohavefound

theheadofthegoddess

It’smissingheadhappenedtobeamong

remainsofthefifthcenturyB.C.’

1.D

2Thecity‘enjoyedahighlevelof

civilization’.Thisisconfirmedbythefact

that.

thehouswerebuiltonlyone

storeyhigh

numberoffragmentswerefound

inthetemple

yhadbeenbuiltonclay

edtechniqueshadbeenemployed

inbuildinganddecorating

Thisisconfirmedbythefactthat引导同位语从

句，补充说明fact的内容。

beemployedin:被应用在…方面

‘…Thecityatonetimemusthavebeen

prosperous，foritenjoyedahighlevelof

civilization．Hous--oftenthreestoreyshigh-

werebuiltofstone．Theyhadlargerooms

withbeautifullydecoratedwalls．Thecitywas

evenequippedwithadrainagesystem…’

3Inekingtoestablishtheidentityofthe

reconstructedstatue,the

archaeologists.

odeterminewhichgoddessit

reprented

togetherthefragmentstheyfound

eredthatitwasmoremodernthan

anyoftheotherstatues

edwhetheritbelongedtothefifth

orthefifteenthcentury

indoingsth:在…方面

structure

4Thecityhadonceknown.(ll.4-

5)

a,aprosperityb,theprosperousc.

rity

重点词汇know:知道，认识；经历过，曾经有过（=

experience）,这是一个文学用语，比experience

更加正式

5Thetempleudasaplaceof

worshipsinceRomantimes.(ll.9-10)

n

since:自从主句的主干时态为现在完成时

6Theyfoundthatthegoddess

turnedouttobe…(ll.14-15)

i

totheirsurpri:使某人感到惊讶的是（在句中可

做独立的状语，句子的主语不必是某个人）

withsurpri:惊讶地（首先，必须与行为动词连

用，其次，句子的主语必须是某个人）

Eg:Tomygreatdisappointmentthetrain

hadalreadyleft.

Withsatisfaction/delight/dismay

Hesmokedhiscigarettewithsatisfaction.

Hewenthomewithdismay.

Toourdismaythepartyprovedtobea

failure.

7beingveryold,shewasvery

graceful.(ll.16-17)

.

Eventhough

despite=inspiteof(可以和名词、代词、动名词

搭配)

8Sofar,thearchaeologiststo

discoverheridentity.(l.17)

tbeen

ot

sofar现在完成时的标志

如果用posible/imposible,要采用形式主语it

…ithasbeenimpossibleforthe

archaeologiststodiscoverheridentity.

Vocabulary

9Inthemostroomofthe

temple…(l.10)

eningd.

colourful

原文中用到了sacred(宗教的，神圣的)

religious宗教的

frightening令人害怕的

colourful丰富多彩的

was.(l.13)

vedc.

condition

state

welldone侧重强调做得好

conrve=keepfrombeingwasted

,damaged,lost,destroyed

“不用尽或耗尽某物，保留“

conrveyourenergyyouneeded

wenustconrveoutforest

maintain:通过修缮保养，不使…破损（强调动作的

过程）“维修，保养”

11Thegoddesstobeavery

modern-lookingwoman.(l.15)

ed

d

turnout=prove

12But,thearchaeologistshave

beenunable…(l.17)

distance

sofar=>untilnow,uptillnow

beforehand:(adv.)事先=inadvance

atthisdistance(of/intime)时隔已久

Eg:Icanhardlyrememberhimatthis

distanceoftime.

L03-0

-04

4end12

12’

’58

58”

”

L04-004-01

1

begin1212’

’

3030”

”

§Lesson4ThedoublelifeofAlfred

Bloggs

阿尔弗雷德。布洛格斯的双重生活

【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语

◆manualadj.体力的

◆collarn.衣领

◆sacrificev.牺牲，献出

◆privilegen.好处

◆dustmann.清洁工

◆corporationn.公司

◆overallsn.工作服

◆showern.淋浴

◆cretn.秘密

◆statusn.地位

★manualadj.体力的

=physical

manualwork:体力工作

mentalwork:脑力工作

★collarn.衣领

white-collar:白领(domentalwork)

blue-collar:蓝领（domanualwork）

(get)hotunderthecollar:怒气冲天

★sacrificev.牺牲，献出

upforgoodpurpo

Eg:sacrificeone’slifeforthecountry

sacrificetime

n.

makemanysacrifices

★privilegen.好处

=advantage

特权（=specialright）

牺牲掉自己的好处：

sacrificeone’sadvantage/rivilege

特许某人做某事：

ilegeofdoingsth.

privilegedadj.荣幸的

★overallsn.工作服

男工作服；overall女工作服

★cretn.秘密

cret:保密

It’sbetweenyouandme.

I’llkeepittomylf.

confidential:机密的

incret:私下里

=cretly,inprivate,privately

Iwastoldaboutitincret.

inthecret:知道内情

Hewasinthecretfromthebeginning.

★statusn.地位

=socialposition

s-t-a-t-u-s

s-t-a-t-u-e:雕像，塑像

★corporationn.公司

★showern.淋浴

★dustmann.清洁工

【Text】

§Lesson4ThedoublelifeofAlfred

Bloggs阿尔弗雷德。布洛格斯的双重生活

听录音，然后回答以下问题。

WhydidAlfwantawhite-collarjob?

Thedays,peoplewhodomanualwork

oftenreceivefarmoremoneythanpeople

whoworkin

officesarefrequentlyreferredtoas‘white-

collarworkers'forthesimplereasonthat

theyusuallywearacollarandtietogoto

humannature,thatagreat

manypeopleareoftenwillingtosacrifice

higherpayfortheprivilegeofbecoming

ngiverito

curioussituations,asitdidinthecaof

AlfredBloggswhoworkedasadustmanfor

theEllesmereCorporation.

Whenhegotmarried,Alfwastoo

embarrasdtosayanythingtohiswife

lytoldherthathe

orning,

helefthomedresdinasmartblacksuit.

Hethenchangedintooverallsandspentthe

returninghomeatnight,hetookashower

this

forovertwoyearsandhisfellowdustmen

'swifehasnever

discoveredthatshemarriedadustmanand

sheneverwill,forAlfhasjustfoundanother

willbeearningonlyhalfasmuchasheud

to,buthefeelsthathisriinstatusiswell

won,he

willwearasuitalldayandotherswillcall

him'',not'Alf'.

【课文讲解】

peoplewhodomanualwork=>blue-collar

workers

peoplewhoworkinoffices/domentalwork

=>white-collarworkers

farmoremoney

far--副词，用来强调语气==much

referto…as==regard…as把…看作为

Ialwaysrefertohimasbookworm(书呆子).

forthesimplereason=>for引导的原因状语

从句

forthereasonthat比becau正式，因此多用

于正式文体

L04-01end12

12’

’30

30”

”

L04-004-02

2

begin8’4141”

”

humannature人性化

such…that…

that引导同位语从句，进一步补充说明such的基本

内涵

Hiskindnesswassuchthatwewillnever

forgethim.

=>Suchwashiskindness…

Suchishumannaturethatwewanttogeta

lotofthingsfree.

Such用在句首，要倒装

Suchishumannature,thatagreat

manypeopleareoftenwillingto

sacrificehigherpayfortheprivilegeof

becomingwhite

white-

-collarworkers.

介词for表示一种目的

bewillingtodosth.==bereadytodosth.

心甘情愿做…

giverito,leadto,cau:引起，惹起=result

in

Suchconductmightgiverito

misunderstandings.

Thebadconditionshavegivenritoalotof

crimes.

inthecaof:至于，就……而言

Eg:Stealingisnoshameinthecaofhim.

incaof:(连)万一，以防

Eg:Youshouldensureyourhouincaof

fire.

Who引导定语从句

Tooembarrasdtosay:太尴尬而没有说明

beashamedof

getmarried

marryv.如果强调动作：Hemarriedthegirl…

如果表示状态：getmarried,be

married

如果表明和某人已经结婚多长时间了：be

marriedtosb.

Theoldmanhasbeenmarriedtohiswife50

years.

Too…to…,太…而不能

L04-0

04-02

2end8’41

41”

”

L04-004-03

3

begin1111’

’

0505”

”

simplyadv.用来修饰限定动词told

dresdinasmartblacksuit-----形容词短语表

示一种状态

Eg:Hegottoworkdresdinabeautiful

coat.

Helefthomewearingasmartblacksuit.

Changedinto:换上

Beforereturninghome==Beforehereturned

home

在before引导的时间状语从句中，return的逻辑

主语和主句的主语he是保持一致的，所以这个时间

状语是由介词before和动名词搭配而成，相当于

before引导的时间状语从句。

如果运用动名词形式，动名词的逻辑主语必须是主句

的主语。

Aftergettinghome,hehadagoodrest.

Beforehavingdinner,hefinishedallhis

homework.

Sheneverwill=shewillneverdiscoverthe

cret

在省略句式中，never要放在助动词之前。

‘Willyougotoeher?’

‘Iwillnevergotoeher.’/‘No,Inever

will.’

halfasmuchas(heudto):是…的一半

half(aquarter,twice,threetimes)as…as…

表示倍数

Iwon’tmarryamanwhoistwiceasoldas

me.

Wegotthreetimesasmanypeopleaswe

exected.

Thisroomisaboutthreetimesaslargeas

thatone.

…as(形容词或副词原形)as…是…几倍

比…多几倍：…times(形容词或副词比较级)

Thisroadisfourtimeslongerthanthatone.

=>Thisroadisfivetimesaslongasthat

one.

iswellworththelossofmoney

Whatheobtainediswellworththelossof

time

Well副词用来加强语气，修饰形容词worth

L04-004-03

3

end1111’

’

0505”

”

L04-0-04

4

begin1818’

’

5959”

”

【Specialdifficulties】难点

A．英语中的许多动词不能以人作为宾语，只能代某

物或某事。如果需要说明是某人就要用介词to.

Eg:Heexplainedthedifficultytome

Hetoldastorytome.=>Hetoldmea

story.

两类词汇：tell可以和双宾语搭配（指物的直接

宾语，指人的间接宾语）

explain,say只能带一个（直接）宾

语，在间接宾语前要介词to

ShespeaksEnglishtoherhusbandand

Swedishtoherchildren.

Headmittedhisguilttothepolice.

Didyousuggestthisideatohim?

当直接宾语比较长或者是个从句时，通常放在间

接宾语之后，但say除外

Iexplainedtohimtheimpossibilityof

grantinghisrequest.

Heconfesdtomethathehadfallen

asleepduringthemeeting.

dj.后面只能跟名词或动名词

Hissuggestionisworthconsidering.

【Multiplechoicequestions】多项选择题

Comprehension

1WhatdoesthecaofAlfredBloggs

illustrate?

opleoftencaremoreaboutthe

statusofajobthanthesalary.

‘white-collarworkers’usuallyweara

suittogotowork.

nualworkersprefertokeeptheir

jobacret.

ficeworkersusuallyearnlessthan

manualworkers.

illustrate:阐明，阐述

根据’…agreatmanypeopleareoftenwilling

tosacrificehigherpayfortheprivilegeof

becomingwhite-collarworker’

1.A

2WhatdidAlfredBloggsdoforovertwo

years?

hiswifeheworkedforthe

Corporation,wheninfacthedidnot.

uidhimlfasadustman.

doublelife.

edtwiceasmuchasheudto.

disgui/dis’gaiz/vt.假装，扮作；隐瞒；n.假

装；化装服

Doublelife

2.C

3WhydidAlfredBloggsconsiderwearinga

suitalldayandbeingcalled‘’so

important?

jobisworthmorethanhis

previousoneineveryrespect.

nolongerneedashowerbefore

returninghomefromwork.

owtellhiswifeabouthisprevious

jobwithoutembarrassment.

sthatotherpeoplewillrespecthim

more.

3.D

‘…hefeelsthathisriinstatusiswellworth

thelossofmoney.’

Structure

4Theyusuallywearacollarand

tie…(l.4)

o

rtowork

togo可以省略

Theyusuallygotoworkwearingacollarand

tie.

4.B

5Alfwasanythingtohiswife.(l.9)

embarrasdandsaid

barrasd,

embarrasdhedidnotsay

‘Alfredwastooembarrasdtosayanything

tohiswifeabouthisjob.’

Too…to(不定式to表示否定)

So…that:“如此…以至于”（在that引导的结果状

语从句中，如果采用否定式，可以和too…to互换）

Eg:Thewateristoohotforustodrink.=>

Thewaterissohotthatwecan’tdrink.

6Hetoldherthatheworkedforthe

Corporation…(ll.9-10)

‘Hesimplytoldherthatheworkedforthe

Corporation.’

Simplyadv“仅仅是，再没有别的了”=only,just

无论是simply,only还是just,往往用在主体之前

Ididitsimply/onlyforthemoney.

Idon’imply/only

becauIhavetogotoworkeachday.

Andnomore---放句尾

inasimpleway:简单的，简朴的

Eg:Shewasalwaysdresdinasimpleway.

7Beforehehomeatnight,hetooka

shower…(ll.11-12)

turn

如果主、从的主语一致，可用介词和动名词形式搭配。

Before—连接词，引导时间状语从句（一般使用简单

时态，不用将来时）

Beforehereturnedhome…

Before引导的从句，常用一般现在时或一般过去时，

不用进行时。

8Hiarningswereonlyhalfthe

amount…(l.14)

edtoc.

reudto

‘halfasmuchasitudtobe’

theamount要用定语从句进行限定

udto:当主句的谓语动词是行为动词时，之后的

动词必须省略掉。

Udtobe:当主句的谓语动词是系动词时，之后必

须带有系动词be。

Eg:Ifeelthesummersarehotterthanthey

udtobe.

Ifeelyouaremuchfatterthanyouud

tobe.

8.C

Vocabulary

9Manualworkersoftenreceivemuch

higherthanpeoplewhoworkin

offices.(ll.1-2)

tsd.

wages

gain获利，赢得（表示通过努力）~time,

~reputation,~speed,~height

fee(为专业服务支付的)费用doctor’sfees,the

lawyer’sfees

payformyuniversityfees

payment(商业、信贷)支付的款项（正式）

wages（体力劳动者的）工资

salary(白领的)薪水

9．D

10Hiskepthiscret.(l.12)

rsbworkmatesc.

es

workmate工友

companion同伴

10．B

11Hisriinstatusmorethanthe

lossofmoney.(l.14-15)

sc.

‘wellworththelossofmoney’

payb

ack偿还，报复

reward酬劳

value价值

comensatefor=makeupfor弥补

11．C

12hewantedtobe‘’,not

‘Alf.’.(ll.15-16)

ut

d

‘call‘

addresdas被称作

name命名

cryout叫

shout喊

L04-04§Lesson4end1818’

’

5959”

”

L05-005-01

1begin

9’4343”

”

§Lesson5Thefacts确切数字

【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语

◆editorn.编辑

◆extremen.极端

◆statisticsn.统计数字

◆journalistn.新闻记者

◆presidentn.总统

◆palacen.王宫；宏伟的住宅

◆publishv.出版

◆faxn.传真

◆impatientadj.不耐烦的

◆firev.解雇

◆originallyadv.起初，原先，从前

★editorn.编辑

editvt.编辑

editionn.编辑

editorialadj.编辑的，主编的；n.社论，评论

★extremen.极端

gotoextreme(s)todo走极端

Eg:Hewenttoextremetosaythattheplay

wasthebestone.

Hewenttoextremestosaythathis

girlfriendwasthemostbeautifulintheworld.

gofromoneextremetotheother

★statisticsn.统计数字

★journalistn.新闻记者

journalist(杂志)新闻记者

reproter(电视台)记者

correspondent(电台)记者，通讯员

★presidentn.总统

★palacen.王宫；宏伟的住宅

★publishv.出版

Eg:Theyhavealreadypublishedthe

magazine.

=printvt.

Eg:thebookhasalreadybeenpublished.

Thebookhasgonetopress.

★faxn.传真

ntafax

★impatientadj.不耐烦的

patientadj.有耐心的

patientlyadv.有耐心地

impatientadj.不耐烦的

impatientlyadv.不耐烦地

patiencen.

impatience

★firev.解雇

Hewasfiredfromhisjob.

dismass(正式)

Themanagerdisisdhimfromhiscompany.

sack(俚语)vt.解雇，辞退

Eg:Ifyoudoitwrongagainyouwillbe

sacked.

★originallyadv.起初，原先，从前

originaladj.

【Text】

§Lesson5Thefacts确切数字

Q:Whatwastheconquenceoftheeditor’s

insistenceonfactsandstatistics?

Editorsofnewspapersandmagazinesoften

gotoextremestoprovidetheirreaderswith

ara

journalisthadbeeninstructedbyawell-

knownmagazinetowriteanarticleonthe

president'spalaceinanewAfricanrepublic.

Whenthearticlearrived,theeditorreadthe

firstntenceandthenrefudtopublishit.

Thearticlebegan:'Hundredsofstepsleadto

thehighwallwhichsurroundsthepresident's

palace.'Theeditoratoncentthe

journalistatelegraminstructinghimtofind

outtheexactnumberofstepsandthe

heightofthewall.

Thejournalistimmediatelytoutto

obtaintheimportantfacts,buthetooka

ile,the

editorwasgettingimpatient,forthe

thejournalisttwomorefaxes,butreceived

yetanotherfaxinforming

thejournalistthatifhedidnotreplysoonhe

ejournalistagain

failedtoreply,theeditorreluctantly

publishedthearticleasithadoriginallybeen

ater,theeditoratlast

onlyhadthepoormanbeenarrested,buthe

r,he

hadatlastbeenallowedtondafaxin

whichheinformedtheeditorthathehad

beenarrestedwhilecountingthe1,084steps

leadingtothefifteen-footwallwhich

surroundedthepresident'spalace.

【课文讲解】

gotoextremes走极端

provide=supply给…，提供（通常与介词搭配连

用）

h./.

Heprovidedthemwithabedforthe

night.

Heprovidedabedforthemforthenight.

h==lyto

dosth.正式告诉某人做某事

‘…ajournalisthadbeeninstructedbyawell-

knownmagazinetowriteanarticleonthe

president'spalaceinanewAfricanrepublic.’

主动语态：Awell-knownmagazineinstructed

ajournalisttowriteanarticleonthe

president'spalaceinanewAfricanrepublic.’

Theteacherinstructedhimtotakethe

examination.

on==about侧重强调课题专一

Abookonradio

L05-005-01

1

end9’4343”

”

L05-005-02

2

begin7’1616”

”

Whenthearticlearrived=Whentheeditor

receivedthearticle

refutopublishit

refu:vt.拒绝（态度严厉）

decline:vt.婉言谢绝

repudiate:vt.断然拒绝

which指代thehighwall

instructing—现在分词进一步补充说明fax的情况

touttodosth.==decideandtrytodo决

定，打算，着手做=taboutdoing

Ega:Hetouttomakehisfirst1,000,000

in5years

imetodosth.某事花了某人很

久的时间

Ittookmefivedaystowritethearticle.

twomorefaxes=anothertwofaxes

failto

reluctantly=unwillingly勉勉强强地，不情愿地

asithadoriginallybeenwritten=inits

originalway

L05-005-02

2

end7’1616”

”

L05-005-03

3

begin9’3535”

”

倒装简述：

notonly位于句首，必须采用倒装形式

Thepoormanhadnotonlybeenarrested,

buthadbeennttoprisonaswell.

1．否定副词位于句首，要倒装。

NeverhaveIreadsuchstories.我从来没有

读过这样的小说。

Nowherecanhefindthebookhewants.

无论在哪儿他都找不到他想要的那本书。

HardlydidIthinkitpossible.我并不认为这

是可能的。

常用的否定副词：never,ldom,rarely,little,

hardly,scarcely,nowhere,nosooner

2．含有only的状语位于句首，句子要倒装

Onlythendidherealizethathehadmade

amistake.只有到那个时候，他才认识到自己犯了个

错误。

Onlywhenagreatdealmoreinformation

hasbeenobtainedwillitbepossibletoplan

atrip.

只有获得比较多的信息之后，才有可能计划去旅

行。

3．还有not的副词短语位于句首，要倒装。

notforamoment,notintheleast,not

foraninstant,notuntil

NotintheleastisheinterestedinEnglsh

literature.他对英国文学一点都不感兴趣。

Notforaninstantdidibelievehehadlied.

4．含有no的短语位于句首，句子要倒装。

atnotime,innoway,innonce,byno

means,innoca,onnoaccount,onno

condition,undernocircumstances.‘绝不’

Undernocircumstancescanweaccpet

thecheck.无论如何我们不能接受这笔钱。

Onnoaccountmustyouleavethebaby

inthehou.你无论如何也不能把婴儿留在房间

里。

5．so,suh位于句首，句子也要倒装。

Hehadatlastbeenallowed=hehadatlast

beenpermitted

=hehadaskedfor

permission

请求允许，被允许：beallowedtodo,be

permittedtodo,askedforpermissiontodo

sth.

inwhich----which指代fax

while和现在分词搭配，做时间状语，表示“正在做

某事的过程中”，可以用while引导的时间状语从句

去替换。

whilehewascounting…

leadingto现在分词，通向

thestepsleadingtothepresident’spalace

theroadleadingtotheforest

fifteen-foot----做前置定语，这里的名词必须是单

数形式

which指代wall(避免和前面的句式结构相同)

L05-03end9’3535”

”

L05-0-04

4

begin1111’

’

2727”

”

【Specialdifficulties】

倒装的用法

Exerci

Writethentencesagainbeginningeach

onewiththewordsinitalics.

1Hehasnotonlymadethismistakebefore

buthewillmakeitagain.

2Irealizedwhatwashappeningonlythen.

3Iwillnevertrusthimagain.

4Youldomfindtrafficwardenswhoare

kindandhelpful.

key:

1Notonlyhashemadethismistakebefore

buthewillmakeitagain.

2OnlythendidIrealizewhatwas

happening.

3NeverwillItrusthimagain.

4SeldomdoYoufindtrafficwardenswho

arekindandhelpful.

warden[5wC:d[n]n.看护人，守护人

【Multiplechoicequestions】多项选择题

Comprehension

1Theeditoractedashedidbecau.

edanexcutofirethejournalist

otreadthearticlebeyondthe

firstntence

issatisfiedwiththefactual

contentofthearticle

edtopleathepresidentofthe

newAfricanrepublic

1.C

2Thejournalisttookalongtimetont

thedetailsrequiredbecau.

himalongtimetocountallthe

steps

otbeenallowedtofaxthe

informationhehadobtained

otrealizehowsoonthemagazine

wouldgotopress

eenarrestedbeforehehadhad

timetoobtainthefacts

2.B

3Whyhadthejournalistbeenarrested?

ehisactivitiesmusthaveappeared

suspicious.

inggonetoextremestoprovide

unimortantfacts.

mbingthepalacewallinorderto

measureitsheight.

ethearticlewaspublishedinits

originalform.

3.A

Structure

4thefirstntence,theeditor

refudtopublishthearticle.(ll.5-6)

ead

首选从句、分词、独立主格结构,缺少了时间状语从句

的连接词

4．B

体会出andthen

Havingenthemovie,theywentforawalk.

5Themagazinetopress.(l.10)

uttogo

6Hentthejournalisttwofaxes,butdid

notreceive.(ll.10-11)

y

表示“任意”

6．D

7heinformedthejournalisthewouldbe

firedunlesshe.(ll.11-12)

eply

reply

unless=ifnot

一般过去时

7．B

8Heinformedwhilecarryingouthis

instructions.(ll.15-16)

tor

hisarrest

tor

thathisarresthadbeen

/aboutsth.通知某人做某事

8．C

Vocabary

9Editorsofnewspapersandmagazines

oftengotoextremestoprovidetheir

withunimportantfactsandstatistics.(ll.1-2)

d.

common

9．C

wouldsoonbe.(l.10)

.

impresd

10．B

print=publish

wasvery.(l.14)

ntd.

unfortunate

innocent无辜的

11.D

12Hehadatlastbeentondafax.

(ll.14-15)

permission

请求允许做某事：askforpermissiontodosth

允许某人做某事：begivenpermissiontodsth

12.D

L05-04end9’5555”

”

(L05end)L)L06-0

06-0

06-01

1

begin11’35

35”

”

§Lesson6Smash-andgrab砸橱窗抢劫

【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语

◆smash-and-grabn.砸橱窗抢劫

◆arcaden.有拱廊的街道（两旁常设商

店）

◆Piccadillyn.皮卡迪利大街

◆jewelleryn.珠宝（总称）

◆necklacen.项链

◆ringn.戒指

◆backgroundn.背景

◆veletn.天鹅绒，丝绒

◆headlightn.（汽车等）前灯

◆blarev.发嘟嘟声，吼叫

◆staffn.全体工作人员

◆raidn.偷袭

◆scramblev.爬行

◆fantasticadj.非常大的

◆ashtrayn.烟灰缸

★smash-and-grabn.砸橱窗抢劫

ecesviolently

hessmashedonthefloor.

smashinto:撞击到某处

Eg:Thebussmashedintoabigtree.

grab:izesuddenly

catch:getholdofsth./

snatch:catchsth./lyand

violently

ize:强调抓住、抓到的结果Fearizedher.

grasp:强调掌握

hold

：强调抓牢、抓紧Heisholdingan

umbrella.

★arcaden.有拱廊的街道（两旁常设商店）

★Piccadillyn.皮卡迪利大街

★jewelleryn.珠宝（总称）

★necklacen.项链

★ringn.戒指

★backgroundn.背景

onthebackgroundofsth.以什么为背景

backgroundinformation

amanofexcellentbackground

★veletn.天鹅绒，丝绒

★headlightn.（汽车等）前灯

★blarev.发嘟嘟声，吼叫

★staffn.全体工作人员

★raidn.偷袭

★scramblev.爬行

uickly

climbvt.爬上

mount:登上

★★★

fantastic

adj.非常大的

fantastic:verygreat/largea

fantasticsofmoney

strange

wonderful

★ashtrayn.烟灰缸

【Text】

§

Lesson6Smash-andgrab

砸橱窗抢劫

trytostopthethieves?

Theexpensiveshopsinafamousarcade

timeofthemorning,thearcadewasalmost

or,theownerofajewellery

shopwasadmiringanewwindowdisplay.

Twoofhisassistantshadbeenworking

busilysince8o'clockandhadonlyjust

dnecklacesandringshad

beenbeautifullyarrangedonabackground

azingatthedisplay

forveralminutes,MrTaylorwentback

intohisshop.

Thesilencewassuddenlybrokenwhena

largecar,withitsheadlightsonanditshorn

blaring,to

astopoutsidethejeweler'stayed

atthewheelwhiletwootherswithblack

stockingsovertheirfacesjumpedoutand

smashedthewindowoftheshopwithiron

hiswasgoingon,MrTaylorwas

isstaffbeganthrowing

and

he

thieveswasstruckbyaheavystatue,buthe

wastoobusyhelpinghimlftodiamondsto

dwasalloverin

threeminutes,forthemenscrambledback

intothecaranditmovedoffatafantastic

itwasleaving,MrTaylor

rushedoutandranafteritthrowingashtrays

andvas,butitwasimpossibletostopthe

dgotawaywiththousands

ofpounds

worthofdiamonds.

【课文讲解】

本课有许多句型值得模仿

inafamousarcadenearPiccadilly介词短语修

饰shops

Eg:Theshoeshopinmyneighbourhoodwas

justopening.

Beijing,ourcapital,ivelopingenormously

(atfantasticspeed).

L06-0

06-01

1end11’35

35”

”

L06-006-02

2

begin1010’

’

0606”

”

‘Aftergazingatthedisplayforveral

minutes,MrTaylorwentbackintohisshop.’

运用ing形式结构，其逻辑主语要和主句的主语保持

一致

本课的重点句式：with的复合结构

如果宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上有主谓关系，应该采

用动词的ing形式：

如果是动宾关系，应该采用过去分词形式作宾补

如果表达某事将要展开发生，要用动词不定式to

Shesatstaringintothedistancewithtears

streamingdownhercheeks.

Shestoodtherwithherhandsrestingonher

hips.

Heranintotheroomwithhisfacecovered

withtears.

Withhishomeworkfinished,hefelthappy.

Heudtosleepwithallthewindowsopen.

Hewentoutwithhishaton.

Withthemeetingover,wewenthome.

Hecameinwithaknifeinhishand.

L06-006-02

2

end1010’

’

0606”

”

L06-006-03

3

begin1111’

’

1313”

”

Twootherswithblackstockingsovertheir

facesjumpedout.

Withalotofworktodo,hecan’tgotothe

cinama.

总结：

with用于句首或句尾，常表示状语、行为方式、原

因、伴随状况等；如果跟在名词之后，是用来修饰限

定该名词

athiefwithatockingoverhisface

ateacherwithabookunderhisarm

aroomwiththewindowsopen

cometo后面常接名词，表示达到

cometoastop,cometoanend,cometoa

decision,cometoanagreement,cometoan

understanding,cometosuccess,cometo

fame

停车stop,drawup,pullup

atthebarbar’s,atthebutcher’s,atthe

baker’s,atthegreengrocer’rocer’s,

atthestationer’s,atthetobacconist’s,at

thechemist’s

helponelfto:自便

helpyourlttodish

Myroommatehelpedherlftomyclothes

withoutaskingme.

atafantasticspeed/atatremendousspeed

/atahigh(full)speed/withgreatspeed

hundredsofthousandsofdollarsworthof

jewel数十万美元的珠宝

L06-03end1111’

’

1313”

”

L06-04begin1414’

’

2929”

”

Wordbuilding

前缀构词法

如何运用常见的前缀

dis-

agreeabledisagreeablecontent

discontent

gracefuldisgracefulhonestdishonest

satisfactorydissatisfactory

dis还可以加在名词前

agreementdisagreement

honestydishonesty

abilitydisability

gracedisgrace

comfortdiscomfort

dis可以加在动词前

agreedisagree

appeardisappear

believedisbelieve

dis-还可表示除去、解除，在名词前加dis-得到动

词形式

couragediscourage

rootdisroot

maskdismask

burdendisburden

il-加在以l开头的形容词之前

legalillegallogicalillbogical

literateilliterate

im-加在以b,m,p开头的形容词之前

possibleimpossible

mortalimmotal

moralimmoral

balancedimbalanced

ir-加在以r开头的形容词之前

regularirregularrationalirrational

resistibleirresistible

in-主要用于其他字母开头的词之前

humaninhumancorrectincorrect

justiceinjusticesincaereinsincere

un-只能手于形容词和动词之前

不

happyunhappyfriendlyunfriendly

luckyunlucky

无

conditionalunconditionallimitedunlited

非

officialunofficialjustunjust

未，主要用于过去分词之前

undecidedunfinishedunexpected

unhurt

用于动词之前表示做相反的动作

lockunlocktieuntie

coveruncoverpackunpack

dressundressloadunload

ExerciP36

Writethentencesagaingivingthe

correctoppositesofthewordsinitalics

1Hewaxtremelypolite.

2Iagreewithyou.

3Hishandwritingisquitelegible.

4Thisreportisaccurate.

5Haveyoulockedthedoor?

6Haveyoulearnttheregularverbs?

Key:1impolite2disagree3illegible

4inaccurate5unlocked6irregular

L06-04end1414’

’

2929”

”

L06-05begin1313’

’

4747”

”

【Multiplechoicequestions】多项选择题

Comprehension

wasadmiringthenew

windowdisplay,.

assistantswerearranging

jewelleryinthewindow

ieveswereontheirwaytoraidhis

shop

tandinginsidehisshop

ffwerefinishingtheirworkforthe

day

1.B

onone’swaytodo

Heisonthewaytobecomealawyer

2Thecarheadlightswereonanditshorm

blaring.

hieveswantedtowarnpeopleout

oftheirway

cialsignaltotherassistants

hievescouldewheretheywere

going

ktheearlymorningsilence

2.A

ne’sway

inone’sway

’s

shopbecau.

arlyinthemorningandnotmany

shopswereopen

andhis

stafftotryandstopthem

llyhadatreatdealofvaluable

jewelleryondisplay

daveryfastcartogetawayin

3.C

Structure

4Theexpensiveshopsinwerejust

opening.(ll.1-2)

a,Piccadilly’sfamousarcadeb.a

Piccadillyfamousarcade

famousarcadeoffPiccadilly

名词具有修饰词的时候，语序的排列通常是形容词、

名词。

anoldvillageschool

4.C

5Hethedisplayforveralminutes

beforere-enteringhisshop.(ll.7-8)

ngazingat

5.B做句子结构题时要和原文加以对比

6Usingbarsmadeiron,thethieves

smashedtheshopwindow.(l.11)

6.A

7Heandhisstaffbeganfurnitureout

ofthewindow.(l.12)

owingof

begindoingsth./begintodosth.

7.A

8Hadhenotbeensobusytakingthe

diamonds,hetheblow.(ll.13-14)

nfeelingc.

vefelt

省略if的条件状语从句，

8．D

Vocabulary

9Tomakethecar‘roardownthearcade’,

thedrivermusthave.(ll.9-10)

.

reverd

accelerated加速

speed加快动作和工作的进程speedup

Eg:We’dbetterspeedup,ifwewanttoget

thereintime.

Thedriveracceleratedtopasstheother

car.

Thecarspedalongtheroad

reverd:倒车

Eg:Thecarreverdthroughthegate.

9．A

10Twoothers,theirfacesblack

stockings,jumpedout.(ll.10-11)

esdwithc.

in

twoothers和theirfaces同位语关系

overdresd

Ifellratheroverdresdinthissmartsuit.

overlooked:俯瞰

madeupin无这种表达方式

10．A

11,wasupstairs.(ll.11-12)

ilec.

ile

Forthetimebeing=temporarily

Meanwhile=atthesametime

Asithappened这类事情的发生

Forawhile=foramoment

11.B

12Chairsandtableswereintothe

arcade.(ll.12-13)

d.

projected

flown是fly的过去分词，vi.不能用于被动语态go

flying,

Eg:Agustofwindntthepaperflyingin

alldirections.

emptied倒空，与题意不符

hurled：用力的去投掷

projected：ntup发射

L06-05§Lesson6end1313’

’

4747”

”

L07-01§Lesson7begin1515’

’

1010”

”

§Lesson7Mutilatedladies残钞鉴别组

【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语

◆mutilatev.使残缺不全

◆chewv.咀嚼

◆fianc

é

n.未婚夫

◆microwaven.微波，微波炉

◆ovenn.炉灶

◆safekeepingn.妥善保管

◆Newcastlen.纽卡斯尔（英国港市）

◆identifyv.鉴别，识别

◆spokeswomann.女发言人

★mutilatev.使残缺不全

vt.经常用于被动语态

1，毁伤，残害。

Hewasmutilatedintheaccdient,and

nowhasonlyoneleg.

amultlatednote

2,把…搞砸了

You'vealreadymutilatedthenovelby

makingsuchchanges.

$dadpresident:美国

mutilationn.

★chewv.咀嚼

Alotofpeoplelovechewinggums.

Don’tbiteoffmorethanonecanchew.不要自

不量力

chewthefat:聊天

chewedup：（俚）着急的，担心的

Don'tgetchewedup/aboutyour

examination.

★fianc

é

n.未婚夫

★microwaven.微波，微波炉

micro-=tiny,veryverysmall

microswitch,microfilm,microscope,

microcond,microphone,microbiology

反义前缀：macro-=

★ovenn.炉灶

★safekeepingn.妥善保管

PleakeepyourIDcardsafe

doevil:干坏事

evildoing

maketrouble=>troublemaking

★Newcastlen.纽卡斯尔（英国港市）

★identifyv.鉴别，识别

.

Hecan’tidentifytheperson.

identity:n.

Sofarthearcheologistshavebeenunableto

discoverheridentity.

identificationn.命名，确认

★spokeswomann.女发言人

【Text】

§Lesson7Mutilatedladies*残钞鉴别组

WhydidJanecookJohnJohn’

’

swallet?

Hasiteverhappenedtoyou?Haveyouever

putyourtroursinthewashingmachine

andthenrememberedtherewasalarge

banknoteinyourbackpocket?Whenyou

rescuedyourtrours,didyoufindthenote

waswhiterthanwhite?Peoplewholivein

Britainneedn’tdespairwhentheymake

mistakeslikethis(andalotofpeoledo)!

Fortunatelyforthem,theBankofEngland

hasateamcalledMutilatedLadieswhich

dealswithclaimsfrompeoplewhofedtheir

,it

ems,lovetochewupmoney!

ArecentcaconcernsJaneButlin

whofianc

é

,John,runsasuccessful

daverygoodday

andputhiswalletcontaining￡3,000into

ey

gothome,Janecookedtheirdinnerinthe

microwaveovenandwithoutrealizingit,

cookedherfianc

é

’e

theirdismaywhentheyfoundabeautufully-

cookedwalletandnotesturnedtoash!John

wenttoehisbankmagnagerwhontthe

remainsofwalletandthemoneytothe

cialdepartmentoftheBandofEnglandin

Newcastle:theMutilatedLadies!They

examinedtheremainsandJohngotallhis

moneyback.‘Solongasthere’ssomething

toidentify,wewillgivepeopletheirmoney

back,’saidaspokeswomanfortheBand.

‘Lastyear,wepaid￡1.5mon21,000

claims.’

*en’s

headappearsonEnglishbanknotes,and

‘lady’referstothis.

【课文讲解】

段首或段尾运用疑问句提出问题

段首——主要要引起读者的兴趣和注意力

段尾——进一步巩固、加深与本段所涉及的内容，进

一步引起读者的沉思

rescue救援，援救

Hundredsofpeoplewenttorescuetheplane

crash.

L07-01end1515’

’

1010”

”

L07-02begin1616’

’

2222”

”

大词小用所起到的目的——加强语气

whiterthanwhite====damaged,mutilated.

损坏，残缺不全

makemistakeslikethis

Fortunatelyforthemluckly/happilyfor

them固定搭配

team组织

makeaclaim提出索赔

items

第二段充分说明了约翰是怎么样把钱从银行里拿回

来

concern:涉及到——isabout

runafactory,runacompany

goodtive

tokeepitsafe

puthiswalletwhichcontained….

gohor-riding,gofishing,gohunting,go

shopping

dismay:沮丧

beautifully-cookedwallet:用一种讽刺的口吻

turnedtoturnedintobecome

who----bandmanager

solongas:onconditionthat表假设，只要

payfor:为…付款

Wepaid80dollarsforthedictionary.

on强调对21000起索赔要求

payoff还清，偿还

Thecouplehavealreadypaidtheirdebtsoff.

payback

1,把钱归还回去paymoneyback

2,报仇，报复paysomebodyback

L07-02end1616’

’

2222”

”

L07-03begin1212’

’

3535”

”

§Lesson7

【Specialdifficulties】

如何运用后缀

less表示否定概念carecareless

ful表示有、充满了helpfulcareful

ly:形容词+ly=副词，名词+ly=形容词daily

icpicenergetic精力充沛的

ishchildishwomanish

Exerci

Supplythemissingwords

1Youwon’rationis

completely.

2Iadmiredthebeautyofthecountryside.

Thecountrysideisso.

er

expectsvisits.

4Don’’tbe

so.

5She’plains

whyshe’sso.

Key:4.

childish(-ish的形容词是贬义色彩)ic

强壮的，强健的

【Multiplechoicequestions】多项选择题

Comprehension

1TheycalltheteaminMewcastle

‘MutilatedLadies’becau.

obinvolvesmutilatingbanknotes

obistoidentifypicturesofthe

Queenonmutilatedbanknotes

arealwaysmutilatingbanknotesby

accidentinthewash

dieshavethepatienceforthis

difficultjob

1.B

2TheBankofEnglandoffersaspecial

rvicetopeoplewho.

towashlargebanknotes

damagedbutidentifiablebanknotes

2.D

identify=>identifiable

return=>returnable

eat=>ratable

3Youdon’tgetyourmoneybackunless

_____.

oNewcastleandetheMutilated

Ladies

noughevidencetoproveyour

claim

nkmanageragreestohelpyou

edonethissortofthingbefore

unless:ifnot

3.B

Structure

4Haveyoueverforgotten_____inthe

pocketofyourtrours…?(ll.1-3)

anknote

rgebank

note

4.A

anylargebanknotes

_____inBritai,youneedn’tdespair.

(ll.4-5)

living

needn’t真实条件句，不是虚拟语气

live动词是不用进行时态的

5．C

6Johnis_____,andrunsafurniture

business.(l.9)

étlin’s

fiancé

c.

JaneButlinwho’sfianc

é

tlin

whofianc

é

6．B

一般来说，如果表示某人的，就用‘

如果采用介词of表示所属关系，被修饰名词前要出

现定冠词

7Thewallet_____￡3,000fromtheday;s

business.(l.10)

tainingc.

t

简单句，选用一般过去式

7．C

8Johnputhiswalletintothemicrowave

oven_____.(l.10)

pingsafec.

ekeeping

tokeepitsafe

8.A

Vocabulary

____

thebusiness.(l.9)

echargeof

hechargesof

inchargeof负责

inthechargeof由某人来负责

9．A

10Janediscoveredthatthe￡3,000had

_____ash.(ll.12-13)

.

become

turnedtoash

10.D

11Theremainswere_____tothe

MutulatedLadies.(ll.13-14)

d

d

nt

dispatched送，送达deliver

convey:运输、传达

fetch:去取回来

11．B

12Peoplecangettheirmoneyback_____

thereissomethingtoidentify.(ll.15-16)

ed

ng

12．B

providedproviding

Eg:Provededthatyoureducetheprice,I’ll

takeallthegoods.

suppod表假设suppo,supposing

特别注意：结构以及词汇题

L07-03§Lesson7end1212’

’

3535”

”

L08-01begin1212’

’

1111”

”

§

Lesson8Afamousmonastery

著名的

修道院

【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语

◆monasteryn.寺院，修道院

◆d圣伯纳德

◆passn.关隘

◆watchdogn.看门狗

◆rashlyadj.莽撞地，冒失地

◆enclosuren.围场，圈地

◆monkn.和尚，僧侣

◆privacyn.清静，隐居

◆skiern.滑雪者

◆Eastern.复活节

★monasteryn.寺院，修道院

abbot:修道院院长

conventnun:修女

abbess:女修道院院长

★d圣伯纳德

★passn.关隘

★watchdogn.看门狗

★rashlyadj.莽撞地，冒失地

boldlyadv.

★enclosuren.围场，圈地

★monkn.和尚，僧侣

★privacyn.清静，隐居

★skiern.滑雪者

★Eastern.复活节

atEaster,atChristmas,atThanksgiving

【Text】

§Lesson8Afamousmonastery著名的

修道院

ddogsudfor?

TheGreatStBernardPassconnects

247ometres,itisthe

famousmonasteryofStBernard,whichwas

foundedintheeleventhcentury,liesabouta

dredsofyears,StBernard

dogshavesavedthelivesoftravellers

riendly

dogs,whichwerefirstbroughtfromAsia,

wereudaswatch-dogveninRoman

tatunnelhasbeenbuilt

throughthemountains,thePassisless

dangerous,buteachyear,thedogsarestill

ntoutintothesnowwheneveratraveller

ethenewtunnel,there

arestillafewpeoplewhorashlyattemptto

crossthePassonfoot

Duringthesummermonths,the

monasteryisverybusy,foritisvisitedby

thousandsofpeoplewhocrossthePassin

cars,Astherearesomanypeopleabout,the

dogshavetobekeptinaspecialenclosure.

Inwinter,however,lifeatthemonasteryis

peraturedropsto

–30○andveryfewpeopleattempttocross

ksPreferwinterto

dogshavegreaterfreedom,too,fortheyare

allowedtowanderoutsidetheirenclosure.

Theonlyregularvisitorstothe

monasteryinwinterarepartiesofskierswho

youngpeople,wholovethepeaceofthe

mountains,alwaysreceiveawarmwelcome

d'smonastery.

【课文讲解】

connects/JoinSwitzerlandtoItaly/link

SwitzerlandwithItaly

connect…with:把…与某事联系在一起

Ican’tconnectthepicturewithmyfriend

Mary.

Areyouconnectedwiththegovernment?

beconnectedwith与…有联系

at2,473metres:介词短语修饰全句用于句首表示

原因、条件或状态

Attheageof25,heisable.

Atonepoint65metres,heisalittleshort.

限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句最大的区别

非限制性定语从句是对主句或主句中所出现的某个

名词的补充说明和解释，去掉对主句影响不大

限制性定语从句是主句当中不可缺少的一部分

MrSmithwasafamouspersoninAmerican

history.

MrSmith,whodiedonJuly17that84,wasa

famouspersoninAmericanhistory.

Therewereveryfewpasngers,who

escapedwithoutriousinjury.

Therewereveryfewpasngerswho

escapedwithoutriousinjury.

L08-01end1212’

’

1111”

”

L08-02begin1111’

’

5656”

”

Thetaxidrivers,whoknewaboutthetraffic

jam,tookanotherroad.

Thetaxidriverswhoknewaboutthetraffic

jamtookanotherroad,andotherswho

didn’tknowaboutthetrafficjamstilltook

thisheavyroad.

who引导的非限制性定语从句主要指人做主语

指代事物在非限制性定语从句当中只能使用which

Helentmeathousanddollars,whichwas

exactlythesumIneeded.

指代时间when,地点where

Hewasleftonthedertisland,wherehe

stayedforaslongastherrweeks.

found建立tupestablish

live----lives

which指代frienddogs

Thepanda,whichwasbroughtfromChina,

wasudasasymboloffriendship.

Nowthat：既然

用做时间连接词时，后面通常跟完成式

Nowthatyouhaveleftuniversity,youhave

tofindajob.

用做原因连接词时，后面时态不限。

Nowthatyouwon'thelpme,Imustdothe

jobmylf.

Nowthatyouaregrown-up,youmuststop

thechildrenbehave.

whenever,whoever,whateverwherever,

whichever,however

nomatterwhen/who/what/where/

which/how

Youcantelephonemewheneveryoulike.

Whicheverdayyoucome,we’llbepleadto

eyou.

L08-02end1111’

’

5656”

”

L08-03begin1111’

’

5151”

”

Wheneveryougo,I’llfollowyou.

Howeverbusyyouare,younustsparesome

timetostudyEnglish.

Despite介词——inspiteof

rashly莽撞的attempttodosth.-----tryto

dosth.

there+be

zTherearestillafewstudentsstudying

Englishintheclassroom.

incars---bycar

about到处，周围

Don’tlitterwastepaperabout.

lookabout,goabout,runabout,wander

about

keep：使某人或某物处于某种状态，经常和介词短

语、形容词、分词（现在分词和过去分词）搭配连用，

表示一种状态

keephimout,keephimin

Dokeepthecatintheroom.

表示逻辑的主谓关系——现在分词I’msorryto

keepyouwating.

表示逻辑的动宾关系——过去分词Thelambwas

kepttighttoatree.

quitetheopposite恰恰相反

.

Ipreferreadingtodoingnothing.

TheregularvisitorstoBeijing

Mike,wholoveschessverymuch,entered

forthegame.

L08-03end1111’

’

5151”

”

L08-04begin8’2323”

”

Specialdifficulties

ExerciP44

Supplythemissingwordsinthefollowing

ntences:

1Nowthathe’sgrownup,hedoes_____

everhepleas.

2_____everItelephone,theline’s

engaged.

3_____evertoldyouthat,didn’tknow

whathewastalkingabout.

Key:

【Multiplechoicequestions】多项选择题

Comprehension

ddogsarenestknownfor

_____.

greatsummertouristattraction

savedpeople’slivesbeforethe

newtunnelwasbuilt

bletoarchpeopleoutwhohave

beentrappedinthesmow

edomtheyhavetowanderaboutin

thewinter

bebestknownfor=befamousfor:众所周知

1．C

2Whatisthemainadvantageofthenew

tunnel?

entspeoplefromendangeringtheir

livesbyclimbingthePass.

gsthousandsoftouriststothe

monsteryeachsummer.

idesafastandsafecommunication

acrosstheSwiss-Italianborder.

dmonksinto

greatercontactwiththeworld.

themainadvantage最大的好处

2．C

d

monasterydifferinwinter?

atnumberofvisitorsmustcome

tothemonasteryonskis.

sarefreetosavethelivesof

peoplelostinthesnow.

ksaremorewelcomingtotheir

visitors.

ksconpursuetheiroccupation

relativelyundisturbed.

occupation:事业，undisturbed:不受打扰的

3．D

Structure

4ThehighestmountainpassinEuropeis

_____...(ll.1-2)

2,2,473metres

2,473metresd.2,473

metreshigh

4．D

名词作表语，at，介词短语作状语

5--afewpeoplewhoare_____tocross

thePassonfoot.(ll.9-10)

h

sh

形容词或副词和enoughtodo搭配

b选项错在sorashasto,Youaresokindas

tohelpme.

6_____somanypeopleabout,thedogs

havetobekeptinanenclosure.(l.12)

ed.

Having

with的复合结构形式

Alargecar,withitsheadlightsonandits

bomblaring,roareddownthearcade.

Withsomanypeoplearoundme,Ifeel

happy.

6.A

7Themonkslet_____outsidetheir

enclosure.(l.15)

wandering

ndering

让某人做某事：

7.C

8Partiesofskiers_____themonastery

inwinter.(ll.15-16)

iting

泛泛的概念采取一般现在时

8．C

Vocabulary

dPasslies_____

SwitzerlandandItaly.(l.1)

.

along

强调两者之间

9．B

10Thedogsarentoutintothesnow

_____atravellerisindifficulty.(ll.8-9)

time

whenever=ifever无论什么时候，只要情况是如

此

Whenever/ifeveryoupouroilonwater,

itfloats.

inca主要是讨论预防措施

Youshouldinsureyourhouincathere

isafire.

10.A

11Thousandsofpeople_____overthe

Pass.(ll.11-12)

td.

drive

drive

11.D

12Theyareallowedto_____outsidetheir

enclosure.(l.15)

原文：wander:闲逛，roam

graze:吃草，drift:漂流=float,wonder:想知道，

感到奇怪

L08-04end8’2323”

”

L09-01begin§Lesson98’2525”

”

§Lesson9Flyingcats飞猫

【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语

◆fascinatev.迷住，吸引住

◆affectionateadj.充满情深的，柔情的

◆mysteriousadj.神秘的，难以理解的

◆submissiveadj.服从的，顺从的

◆felineadj.猫的

◆independencen.独立，独立性

◆high-riadj.高层的

◆windowsilln.窗槛

◆paratroopern.伞兵

◆squirreln.松鼠

◆air-resistancen.空气阻力

◆impactn.冲击力

★fascinatev.迷住，吸引住

vt.主系表结构：befascinatedwith被…迷住了，

被…吸引住了

Heisfascinatedwithchess.

AreyoufascinatedwithEnglish.

like,love,befondof

Theboyisfondoffootball.

becrazyabout:着迷

bemadabout

Heiscrazy/madaboutmusic.

Heisfascinatedwithmusic.

fascinationn.

fascinatingadj.

Sweetmusicisfascinating.

★affectionateadj.充满情深的，柔情的

Catsareaffectionateanimals.

affectionatelyadv.

Theladyislookingthatmanaffectionately.

affectionn.

★mysteriousadj.神秘的，难以理解的

amysteriousplan

amysteriouxplanation

mysteryn.迷团，神秘感

Hisdeathisamystery.

★submissiveadj.服从的，顺从的

obedient

Areyouobedient?

Dogsandhorsaresubmissive,butCats

areneversubmissivetous.

besubmissivetosb.

submitv.

Submitonelftosb./sth.屈服于，顺从于

submissionn.

★felineadj.猫的

★independencen.独立，独立性

independentadj.

Youhavealreadygrownup,youmustbe

independent.

depend依靠

Youmustdependonyourlf.

depend,dependence

independence,independent

★high-riadj.高层的

★windowsilln.窗槛

★paratroopern.伞兵

★squirreln.松鼠

★air-resistancen.空气阻力

★impactn.冲击力

【Text】

§Lesson9Flyingcats飞猫

Q:Howdocatstrytoprotect

themlveswhenfallingfromgreat

heights?

Catsneverfailtofascinatehumanbeings.

Theycanbefriendlyandaffectionate

towardshumans,buttheyleadmysterious

verbecome

ult,

humanshavelearnedtorespectfeline

tsremainsuspicious

hethings

thatfascinaesusmostaboutcatsisthe

popularbeliefthattheyhaveninelives.

Apparently,thereisagooddealoftruthin

’sabilitytosurvivefallsis

badonfact.

RecentlytheNewYorkAnimalmedical

Centremadeastudyof132cotsovera

catshadone

experienceincommon:theyhadfallenoff

highbuildings,yetonlyeightofthemdied

,NewYork

istheidealplaceforsuchaninteresting

study,becauthereisnoshortageoftall

replentyofhigh-ri

windowsillstofall,from!Onecat,Sabrina,

fell32storeys,yetonlysufferedfroma

brokentooth.‘Catsbehavelikewell-trained

paratroopers,’sthat

thefurthercatsfall,thelesstheyarelikely

gdrop,they

reachspeedsof60milesanhourandmore.

Athighspeeds,fallingcatshavetimeto

retchouttheirlegslikeflying

creastheirair-resistance

andreducestheshockofimpactwhenthey

hidtheground.

【课文讲解】

nverfailtodo双重否定＝＝肯定

Ifyouaksforhelpinthepoliteway,you

neverfailtosucceed.

L09-01end8’2525”

”

L09-02begin9’0101”

”

Ifyoureceiverequestslikethis,you'llnever

failtoaccept.

常用的双重否定结构（加强语气）

1．neverfailto,can'tfailto,don'tfailto,否

定词+failto（语气较强烈）

2．否定的形容词之前加以否定unreasonable->

notunreasonable

Eg:Whathesaidisnotunreasonable.

Itisquitecommon(notuncommon)for

ustomakemistakes.

3．not+without

Eg:Youcan'tobtainenglishwithoutworking

hard.

Hedoesn’thaveanymealwithoutmeat.

+not

Eg:Thereisnocatthatdoesn'tlikefish.

Thereisnothingthathecan'tdo.

Thereisnorulethathasnoexception.

aswell

asaresult

havelearnedto:学会了，习惯了

Peoplehavelearnedtoexpectthattrainsare

punctual.

Childrenhavelearnedtoexpectthattheir

parentsareveryable.

besuspiciousofsb.对什么表示怀疑，存有戒心

Oneofthethingsthatfascinaesus：that引

导定语从句

that引导同位语从句

Oneofthethingsthatfascinaesusmost

aboutplanesisthepopularfactthattheyare

safeandfast.

truth,不可数名词，agooddealof

apparently显然，显而易见

Itemsthat...

L09-02end9’0101”

”

L09-03begin

Acat’sabilitytosurvivefallsisbadonfact.

.&n.

bebadon:基于事实基础之上

:把某事加强在什么基础之上

Webathetheoryonthefact

Thetheoryisbadonfact.

makeastudyofsth:对什么作出研究

overaperiodoffivemonths

incommon=thesame

falloff坠落，掉落

diefrom:死于

死于疾病：dieofillness/dia/hunger/

thirst,自然的死亡用of

死于非自然原因：diefromshock/injures/

wound,用from

thereisnoshortage

shortage:缺乏=lack,与of搭配，shortage/

fackof

shortageofmoneyledtothefailureofthe

experiments.

32storeys

sufferfrom:遭受什么痛苦

Alotofpeopleintheworldaresuffering

fromterribledia.

behavelike=actlike

well-trained:训练很好的，well-decorated:装饰

漂亮的

thefurthercatsfall,theless

典型的themore...themore...句型，用定冠词the

修饰形容词或副词的比较级

TheharderyoustudyEnglish,thebetteryou

anlearnit.

Themoreyoueat,thefatteryouwillbe.

belikelytodo:有可能如何，强调可能性

Incoldwinter,Wearelikelytocatchacold.

andmore甚至更多

athighspeeds

stretchout充分伸展

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【Specialdifficulties】

ExerciP48

Supplyso,such,sucha,orsuchan:

1Thefilmwas_____funny,welaughedall

thewaythroughit.

2Weallhad_____’s

apityyouweren’tthere.

3It’s_____unusualexhibition,I’msure

you’llenjoyit.

4Thetwinsare_____alike,youcan’ttell

thedifferenceetweenthem.

5Therewas_____loudnoi,everyone

jumped.

Key:

【Multiplechoicequestions】

Comprehension

1Wefindcatndlesslyfascinating

becau_____.

thereisagooddealwedonot

knowabouttheirlives

evethatcatshaveninelives

edifferentfromdogsandhors

nreachaspeedof60milesan

hourwhilefalling

1.A

endlesslyfascinating无穷的，特别吸引人的魅力

2Arecentstudyof132catsinNewYork

proved_____.

istruethatcatshaveninelives

tsarerelatedtoflyingsquirrels

edifferentfromdogsandhors

tsfallingfromgreatheightsare

ldomkilled

2．D

thatthefurthercatsfall,thelesstheyare

likelytoinjurethemlvesBecauthey

havegotenoughtimetorelaxandthis

increastheirair-resistanceandreduces

theshockofimpact.

3Catscansurvivegreatfallsmainly

becau_____.

thertheyfall,thelesslikelythey

aretoinjurthemlves

’sabilitytosurviveisbadonfact

ngcatrelaxeditslegsandso

increasitsair-resistance

eunlikelytoexceedaspeedof

about60milesanhour

3.A

thatthefurthercatsfall,thelesstheyare

likelytoinjurethemlves

Structure

4Catshaveanunfailingfascination_____

mostpeople.(l.1)

4.C

for对于人们来讲

with对于人们来讲，强调对比概念

withsomechildren,theirpocketmoneygoes

alongway.

unfailing

endlessly

5Catsneverbecomesubmissive_____

.(l.3)

aythat

dogsandhorsdo

dogsandhors

5.B

as…as…象…一样

inthewaythat…以…方式

Iloveyouinthewaythatyouloveme.

Welikemodernartinthesamewaythatwe

likebeautiful…

6_____popularlybelievedthatcatshave

ninelives.(l.7)

6.D

Itissaidthat…据说

Itisannouncedthat…据宣布

Itisreportedthat…据报道

7NewYoukisidealforthisstudybecau

_____high-ribuildings.(ll.11-12)

umberof

ber

7．B

thereisplentyof--�thereareplentyof

8Overaperiodoffivemonths,therewas

_____of132catsinNewYouk.(l.9)

udies

g

8.A

Vocabulary

9Mostcatsaresuspiciousofhumanbeings

_____theirlives.(l.5)

h

9.B

during在…期间（时间较徒刑）

duringourholiday;duringtheweek

through侧重强调从空间穿过

throughthecrowd穿过人群；throughthedoor

MondaythroughFriday

throughouttheirlives贯穿始终

10_____thereisagooddealoftruthin

thisidea.(l.7)

ventc.

singlyenough

10．C

tiwouldem(that)…----apparently

11Thatcatscansurvivefallsfromgreat

heightsis_____bythefacts.(ll.7-8)

ted

11.C

explain解释；test检测；borne容忍，忍耐

Thetheoryissupportedbythefact.

Thetheoryisbadonthefact.

12Onecatfell32stroeys._____sheonly

sufferedabrokentooth.(ll.12-13)

er

eof

12.A

evenso注意上下文的语境

although让步；虽然，但是

inspiteof只用来连接名词、动名词或代词

moreover表示递近关系

Heisverytired,evensohekeepsstuding

Englishhard.

Lesson10

The

lossoftheTitanic“泰坦尼

克“号的沉没

【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语

◆Southamptonn.南安普敦（英国港市）

◆colossaladj.庞大的

◆watertightadj.不漏水的

◆compartmentn.（轮船的）密封舱

◆floodv.充满水

◆floatv.漂浮，飘浮

◆tragicadj.悲惨的

◆linern.班船

◆voyagen.航行

◆icebergn.冰山

◆lookoutn.瞭望员

◆collisionn.碰撞

◆narrowlyadv.刚刚，勉强地

◆missv.避开

◆slightadj.轻微的

◆tremblev.震颤

◆faintadj.微弱的

◆horrorn.恐惧

◆abandonv.抛弃

◆plungev.投入，跳入

◆lifeboatn.救生船

★Southamptonn.南安普敦（英国港市）

★colossaladj.庞大的

big,large,huge,great,vast,immen,

enormous,giant,gigantic,tremendous,

titanic

colossal:largeinsize

AshipTitanicwascolossal.

acolossalmonument;acolossalstatue

big:大的，重要的

Yougivemeabigsurpri.

Heisabigperson.

Theboxisbig.

large:体积大，数量大

anemptylargebox

alargenumberofpeople

great:伟大

vast:辽阔，广阔vastdert

immen:immeasurable不可测量的

animmenstadium,immeniceberg

enormous重点突出数量、程度、体积；强调程度

时，语意强于big

Eg:Hemadeabigsuccess./Hemadean

enoumoussuccess.

giant:巨大的，高大的

agiantperson巨人；gigantic

tremendous:big,fast,powerful

Theplaneistravelingattremendousspeed.

titanic用于修饰人和物，体积大、力量大

Theshipistitanic.

huge:强调体积大ahugestone数量巨大a

hugesumofmoney

★watertightadj.不漏水的

awatertightship

watertight引申为无懈可击的，毫无破绽的

watertightarguments无懈可击的论点

watertightexcu毫无破绽的借口

waterproof防水的；waterproofwatch防水手表

waterproofcoat防水雨衣

★compartmentn.（轮船的）密封舱

★floodv.充满水

vt.&n.

edwithwater;theshipisflooded.

Theroomwasfloodedwithmoonlight.

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Ourclassroomwasfloodedwithsunshine.

n.洪水，inflood河水泛滥；引申表示连续不断

的

Duringtherains,theriverisinflood.

inafloodofwords滔滔不绝的

Sheblamedherhusbandinafloodofwords

oneinghim.

★floatv.漂浮，飘浮

drift

★tragicadj.悲惨的

unfoutunate;atragicaccident

mirable苦难的bitter痛苦的

tragedyn.悲剧，惨剧intragedy以悲剧形式

Theholidayendedintragedy.

comedy喜剧comic喜剧的，滑稽的comical古

怪的，可笑的

★linern.班船

★voyagen.航行

voyage海上航行

flight飞行

journey长途行程

navigation航海，航海术

Thevoyageismorethantheoldladycan

bear.

★icebergn.冰山

★lookoutn.瞭望员

★collisionn.碰撞

collidevi碰撞，抚触

Theplanecollidedwiththemountain

crashv.坠毁

Itissaidthatthereisanairplanethat

crashedinthemountains.

conflict

vi.和某事（某人）相抵触

Myideaconflictswithyours.

clashvi.相冲突

Eg:Hisweddingclashedwithmy

examination,soIcouldn’tgo.

★narrowlyadv.刚刚，勉强地

★missv.避开

★slightadj.轻微的

★tremblev.震颤

tremblev.有规律的、小幅度的抖动

Look,yourhandsaretrembling,what’s

wrongwithyou?

shiverv.强调由于寒冷、惧怕而一连串地抖动

Ifoundhe’sshiveringinacold.

shuddervi.强调全身的颤栗

Theboyisshuddering,why?Becauhewas

frightened.

★faintadj.微弱的

faint:weak

faintsound/weaksound;weakvoice/faint

voice

faint:unconscious失去知觉

Hehasbeenfaintforalongtime.

slight轻微的，微不足道的

aslightheadache;aslightbook

★horrorn.恐惧

★abandonv.抛弃

abandon因为某事而被迫放弃自己喜爱的事物

Heabandonedhisrearchbecauofthe

war.

dert背弃，遗弃

dertthearmy;derttheduty;derthis

family

★plungev.投入，跳入

plunge:jumporrushsuddenlyandwildly

Hegotsoangrythatheplungeintothe

water.

WhentheshipTitanicsankintheocean,a

largenumberofpeopleplungedinto…

jump:侧重强调快速地跳

Theboyisjumpingupanddown.

leap:跳跃Heleaptoutofthesleepingbad.

dive跳水、潜水

★lifeboatn.救生船

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【Text】

§Lesson10ThelossoftheTitanic“泰坦

尼克“号的沉没

Whatwouldhavehappenedifonlytwoofthe

sixteenwater-tightcompartmentshadbeen

flooded?

Thegreatship,Titanic,sailedforNewYork

fromSouthamptononApril10th,

wascarrying1316pasngersandacrewof

modernstandards,the46,000

time,

however,shewasnotonlythelargestship

thathadeverbeenbuilt,butwasregarded

asunsinkable,forshehadsixteenwatertight

twoofthewere

flooded,

tragicsinkingofthisgreatlinerwillalways

beremembered,forshewentdownonher

firstvoyagewithheavylossoflife.

Fourdaysafterttingout,whilethe

Titanicwassailingacrosstheicywatersof

theNorthAtlantic,ahugeicebergwas

he

alarmhadbeengiven,thegreatshipturned

anic

turnedjustintime,narrowlymissingthe

immenwalloficewhichroover100feet

ly,there

wasaslighttremblingsoundfrombelow,

andthecaptainwentdowntoewhathad

hadbeensofaintthat

noonethoughtthattheshiphadbeen

,thecaptainrealizedtohis

horrorthattheTitanicwassinkingrapidly,

forfiveofhersixteenwatertight

compartmentshadalreadybeenflooded!

Theordertoabandonshipwasgivenand

hundredsofpeopleplungedintotheicy

ewerenotenoughlife-boats

foreverybody,1500liveswerelost.

【课文讲解】

ThelossoftheTitanic

Thegreatship,Titanic,sailedfor…背景介绍

sailfor航海去往某处

tout(off)for出发去往某处

leavefor,headfor,makefor

Eg:HewilltoutfortheAtlantic.

Theplaneismakingfortheairport.

WeareheadingforCanada.

Sheeascarrying…

carry表示载有；acrewof一组人员

Evenby…by:accordingto表示依据

modernstandards现代的标准

byregulation依据规则;byruies依据条例

byourestimate根据我们的估计

byone’slooks/byone’sappearance根据某

人的长相

accordingto依据（事实、课文等客观存在的现实）

accordingtothefact依据事实

accordingtothetext依据这篇课文

在我看来：inmyopinion

accordingto/inaccordancewith

inaccordancewith更加正式

inaccordancewithlaw依据法律

inaccordancewithrules

atthattime在当时

notonly…but(also)…不仅…而且

beregardedas:beconsideredtobe,be

thoughtofas把…看作为

口语中：regardsb./+(n./pron./

adj./doing/done)

Eg:Iregardedhisideaastotally

unacceptable.

Wecan’tregardthematterasttled.

for表示原因

beableto强调有能力

beremembered被永远记住

godown:sink

onherfirstvoyage处女航，首航

withheavylossoflife损失惨重，造成大批人员

的死亡

fourdaysafterttingout…:fourdaysafter

ttingoff…

…spotted…:suddenlydiscoveredbyalook

out

icywaters水域，海域

thealarmhadbeengiven发出警

toavoid…不定式表目的

justintime很及时

missing现在分词做状语，表示对主句的补充说明

narrowly勉强地

which指代theimmenwallofice

frombelow从下方fromabove从上方

…sofaintthatnoonethoughtthat…

so…that…

toone’shorror使某人感到惊讶

fiveofhersixteenwatertightcompartments

hadbeenfilledwithwater.

Theorderwasgiven命令被下达

toabandonship弃船，不定式做定语

As(becau)therewerenotenough

lifeboats…1,500livesdied.

theorderwasgiven.命令被下达

toabandonship弃船不定式做做定语

ability能力

theabilitytodosth.

h.

becapableofdoingsth.强调有做某事的能力

capabilityofdoingsth.做某事的能力

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【Specialdifficulties】

WordBuilding构词法

动词后加-er,如果是以不发音的-e结尾的，只加-r,

表示行为的主动者，做某事的人。

work----workerteach----teacher

murder----murderer

write----writerread----reader

动词后加-ist,表示某种主义者、信仰者；从事某种

事业、研究的人

copy----copyisttype----typistnovel--

--novelist

drug----druggisttobacco-----tobacconist

形容词后加-ness,抽象名词，表示一种性质、情况、

状态

kind----kindnessbitter----bitterness

happy----happiness

willing----willngness

某些动词后加-ion,构成名词

suggent----suggestion…

以-te结尾的动词，把不发音的-e去掉，再加-ion

translate----translationcomplete----

completion

graduate----graduation

某些以-aim/-ain结尾的动词，把-i去掉，再加-

ation

explain----explanationexclaim----

exclamation

以-ity结尾，放在形容词之后，构成抽象名词，表示

性质、状态

以-able/-ible对尾的形容词变成名词，充成

–ability/-ibility

able----abilityprobable----probability

possible----possibilitymobile----mobility

Exerce

Supplythemissingwordsinthefollowing

ntences:

p____.

_____.

3Pasteurdidagreatrviceto_____

(human).

4Heistryingtomakeagood_____

(impress).

5Hispaintingshavebeenadmiredfortheir

_____(original).

Key:ty

ality

【Multiplechoicequestions】

Comprehension

1WhentheTitanictoutfrom

Southampton_____.

carryingaverylargecargo

makingavoyagewhichisonly

attemptedbyverylargeships

oofherwatertightcompartments

wereflooded

sailingonhermaidenvoyage

1.D

2Whathappenedoncetheiceberyhad

beenspotted?

anicgotlostintheicywatersof

theNorthAtlantic.

rmwasgiventhattherewasa

collisionahead.

anicquicklychangedhercour.

anicturnedjustastheicebergro

steeplyoutofthewater.

2.C

3TheTitanicsankbecau_____.

beenbadlydamagedbyan

iceberg

tainwasslowtorealizethetrue

natureofthedamage

thanfiveofherwatertight

compartmentshadbeenflooded

doftryingtosaveher,people

plungedintothewater

3.A

Structure

4_____were1,316pasngersandacrew

of891.(ll.2-3)

dherc.

dingner

指代的是thegreatship

onboardtheplane/thetrain

5Noonethoughtshe_____sink,forshe

hadsixteenwatertightcompartments.(ll.5-6)

eable

ossibly

5.D表示下沉的可能性

6She_____fourdayswhenahuge

icebergwassuddenlyspotted.(ll.9-10)

a,led

nsailing

有了段时间four,用过去完成进行时

6．D

7Sofaint_____thatnoonethought…

(ll.13-14)

nthenoi

eenthe

noi

So位于句首，句子必须倒装

7．B

8Astherewere_____lifeboatsforevery

body…(ll.16-17)

wd.

toofew

notenoughlifeboats

8.D

Vocabulary

9Thegreatship_____sharplytoavoida

directcollision.(ll.10-11)

ck

ed

突然转向

veer=turn

9.A

10TheTitanicturned_____narrowly

missingtheimmenwall…)ll.11-12)

den

timetospared.

nearlyontime

justintome躲得很及时

innexttonotime=atonce,immediately

onasuddenimpul:凭一时的冲动

10.C

tainwentdownto_____.(l.13)

e

e

重点在于下去调查

11．B

12Therewasnotenough_____inthe

lifeboatsforeverybody.(ll.16-17)

room空间volume容量，容积area地区

place地方，地点

12.A

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L1L11

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§Lesson11begin

§Lesson11Notguilty无罪

【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语

◆guiltyadj.犯罪的，违法的

◆tolerantadj.宽容的

◆declarev.申报

◆hardenedadj.有经验的

◆professionaladj.职业的，专业的

◆smugglern.走私者

◆officiousadj.爱管闲事的

◆confidentlyadj.自信地

◆dreadfuladj.可怕的，一团糟的

◆pouncev.猛抓，扑住

◆perfumen.香水

◆sarcasticallyadv.讽刺地

◆exemptadj.被免除的

◆dutyn.税

◆geln.凝胶

◆mixturen.混合物

◆unscrewv.拧开

◆nostriln.鼻孔

◆chalkn.粉笔

◆baggagen.行李

★guiltyadj.犯罪的，违法的

Hefeltguiltywhenhedidwhatheshouldn’t

havedone.

Hesaidthatwithaguiltysmile.

guiltn.

guiltilya.

反义词：innocent,innocencen.

★tolerantadj.宽容的

atolerantpersonmustbeeasygoing.

tolerantlyad.

tolerancen.

toleratevt.

tolerableadj.可以忍受的，说得过去的

★declarev.申报

★hardenedadj.有经验的

（侧重于老练的）

ahardenedplayer

ahardenedthief

experienced(侧重于有经验的)

anexperiencedteacher

★professionaladj.职业的，专业的

aprofessionalplayer选手

★smugglern.走私者

★officiousadj.爱管闲事的

alotofoldladiesareofficious.

officiouslyadv.

officiousnessn.

officiouscivilrvant好管闲事的公务员

anofficiouspoliceofficer

official官方的，官员的，正式的

Anofficialinquirywillbemadeintothis

matter.对此事将进行一次官方调查

★confidentlyadj.自信地

Hewenttodotheworkconfidently.

=withconfidence充满信心的

confidentadj.

confidencen.

haveconfidence有信心

gainconfidence获得信心

inconfidence悄悄的，秘密的=cretly

e’sconfidence以某人为心腹

Eg:Thebosstakehiscretaryintohis

confidence.

★dreadfuladj.可怕的，一团糟的

=frightful（表示胆怯的，恐惧的）

dreadful(侧重于可怕的，乱七八糟的)

★pouncev.猛抓，扑住

★perfumen.香水

fragrance:（抽象名词）芬芳，芳香

★sarcasticallyadv.讽刺地

★exemptadj.被免除的

★dutyn.税

CustomsDuty:关税

Stampduty印花税

dutyfree免税的

同义词taxincometax所得税

★geln.凝胶

★mixturen.混合物

★unscrewv.拧开

★nostriln.鼻孔

★chalkn.粉笔

★baggagen.行李

同义词luggage

【Text】

§

Lesson11Notguilty

无罪

Q:WhatwastheCustomsOfficer

lookingfor?

CustomsOfficersarequitetolerantthe

days,buttheycanstillstopyouwhenyou

aregoingthroughtheGreenChanneland

allyhonest

hardenedprofessionalsmuggler,onthe

otherhand,isnevertroubledbysuch

feelings,evenifhehasfivehundredgold

returnedfromabroadrecently,aparticularly

officiousyoungCustomsOfficerclearly

regardedmeasasmuggler.

'Haveyouanythingtodeclare?'heasked,

lookingmeintheeye.

'No,'Iansweredconfidently.

'Wouldyoumindunlockingthissuitca

plea?'

'Notatall,'Ianswered.

TheOfficerwentthroughthecawith

thingsIhadpackedso

sureIwouldneverbeabletoclotheca

ly,IsawtheOfficer'sfacelight

pottedatinybottleatthe

bottomofmycaandhepouncedonitwith

delight.

'Perfume,eh?'heaskedsarcastically.

'Youshouldhavedeclaredthat.'Perfumeis

notexemptfromimportduty.'

'Butitisn'tperfume,'Isaid.'It'shair-

oil.'ThenIaddedwithasmile,'It'sa

strangemixtureImakemylf.'

AsIexpected,hedidnotbelieveme.

'Tryit!'Isaidencouragingly.

TheOfficerunscrewedthecapandput

reetedby

anunpleasantsmellwhichconvincedhim

nutes

later,Iwasabletohurryawaywithprecious

chalk-marksonmybaggage.

【课文讲解】

quitetolerant

我们在运用形容词、动词时，往往需要用副词来强调。

表示“真正的”really

areallyofficiousperson

强调“特别，尤其是”particularly

强调“绝对的”absolutely

强调“完全的，彻底的”completely,entirely,

fully,thoroughly

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fairly----强调“一般般”

very----语气程度强烈“非常”

rather----语意程度接近fairly,注意修饰形容词和

副词，特别是形容词同时修饰名词时，不定冠词的位

置。

Afairlygoodbook.

Arathergoodbook/Ratheragoodbook

rathertoo

quite----~right/wrong/mistaken/sure

绝对不能用very替代。

Evenreallyhonestpeople…

aparticularlyofficiousyoungCustoms

Officer…

theGreenChannel=theCustomOffice

aremadetofeelguilty

madk,have,let及感官性动词e,hear,

notice,feel用于主动语态，符合宾语不定式的to

符号应该省略。但这种结构改成被动式时，不定式符

号必须还原。

Weheardsomeonecomeupthestairs.

Someonewasheardtocomeupthestairs.

(Ontheonehand…,)ontheotherhand

Ontheonehandwecouldstayandhelp

you,butontheotherhanditmightbe

betterifyouwenttohelphiminstead.

hiddeninhissuitca

过去分词短语作定语，修饰watches.

evenif/thoughhehasfivehundredgold

watcheshiddeninhissuitca.

lookingmeintheeye:两眼直盯盯的注视着我

ace,ye=

lookdirectlyatsb.

Notoneofthemendaredlookhiminthe

eye.

'Wouldyoumindunlockingthissuitca

plea?'

L11-02end9’3333”

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”

TheOfficerwentthroughthecawithgreat

care.=TheOfficerexaminedtheca

carefully.

withgreatcare----强调相当的仔细

inamess:乱作一团

介词in和名词搭配，表示一种状态

秩序井然：ingoodorder

身体健康：ingoodhealth

心情好：inagoodmood

脾气好：inagoodtemper

lightup:喜气洋洋，容光焕发

Eg:Masha'sfacelitupwhenshesawherold

friend.

Hisfacelightedupatthesmalltriumph.

Tomreallylightedupwhenhesawthe

newbiccycle.

light有两种过去分词，过去式形式：lit,lighted

但是如果运用过去分词作定语，表示被点燃的。要用

lighted

一只被点燃的雪茄：alightedcigar

点燃的火炬：alightedstick.

介词短语－－withdelight“欣喜若狂的”

with和抽象名词搭配，表示内心充满了一种感情

自信地：withconfidence

细心地：withcare

骄傲的：withpride

欣喜若狂的：withdelight

惊讶的：withsurpri

pounceon:向…猛扑过去，对…大做文章

Eg:Thepolicemanpouncedonthethief.

Don'tpounceonmymistake.

shouldhave和过去分词搭配，表示本应该做某事

却没有做，具有谴责性的味道。

Youshouldhavearrivedherefiveminutes

earlier.

Youshouldhavetoldmeaboutit.

本不应该做某事：shouldn’thavedone

exempt:免除的，被免除的be~from

Drinksarenotexemptfromimportduty.

as----关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句。他所指

代的内容就是主句的整个句子的含义。

Asweknow,theearthisround.(众所周知)

AsBrianpointedout,…（正如…所指出的）

正如我很快得知的：ned

关系代词as和which的区别：

as所引导的非限制性定语从句，可用在主句之前

which引导的非限制性定语从句，只能用在主句

之后。

副词形式：encouragingly

Hewasgreetedbyanunpleasantsmell…

greet:问候，向…致意；觉察到,呈现在…眼前，

在…耳边

Iwokeupandwasgreetedbyabird’s

song.

Insidetheroomadreadfulmessgreeted

us.

Whenhewentintothekitchen,asmell

greetedhim.

precious:珍贵的

L11-03end10

10’

’44

44”

”

L11-04begin

【Multiplechoicequestions】

Comprehension

1Whatmakesreallyhonestpeolefeel

guiltywhengoingthroughCustoms?

fivehunredgoldwatcheshiddenin

theirsuitcas.

ticularlyofficiouswayCustoms

Officersalwaysaskquestions.

tthattheyaretreatedaspotential

smugglers.

ngthingswhicharenotexempt

fromimartduty.

1.C

2WhatmadetheCustomsOfficer’sface

lightup?

gowdifficultitwouldbeforthe

writertoclosica.

thebottleofhairgelwhichhe

couldchargedutyon.

aofhavingfoundsomethingwhich

shouldhavebeendeclared.

eringanunopenedbottleoferfume

atthebottomoftheca.

what----名词

2．C

3Thewriterwasinahurrytogetaway

becau_____.

rownimpatientathavingtaken

solongtogetthroughCustoms

nxioustogetawayfromthe

unleasantsmell

fraidhemightstillbestoppedfor

smuggling

ryingtoescapewithprecious

chalkmarks

3.A

Structure

4TheCustomsOffficeraskedhim_____he

hadanythingtodeclare.)l.9)

r

4.D

5‘Haveyouanythingtodeclare?’heasked,

looking_____.(l.9)

ctlyc.

rection

lookhimintheeye/face=liikdirectlyat

him

5.C

6‘Wouldyou_____plea?(l.11)

unlickthissuitca

tounlockthissuitca

?

6.B

7hetoldhimhe_____it.(l.16)

ve

to

declare

7.A

8_____thecap,theOfficerputthebottle

tohisnostrils.(l.22)

wedc.

scewed

8.A

Havingfinishedhishomework,hewentto

bed.

Vocabulary

9CustomsOfficersarequitetolerantthe

e_____.(l.1)

-going

ent

tolerable能忍耐的，可忍受的placid平静的

tolerable宽容的，好相处的negligent疏忽的

9．C

10Ahardenedprofessionalsmugglerfeels

_____hisbehaviour.)ll.4-5)

gedbyc.

essof

10.A

feelashamedof为…感到羞愧

gultlessof无辜的

★11AsIexpected,hewas_____.(l.20)

iblec.

cal

incomprehensible=unabletobeunderstood

Thearticleisfullofincomprehensible

technicalexpressions.

incredible=unbelievable难以置信的

Whatyousaidisincredible.

incredulous不轻信的

skeptical=unwillingtobelieve不愿意想念的，

持怀疑态度的

11.D

12Iwasabletohurryawaywithrecious

chalkmarksonmy_____.(ll.23-24_

nt

ent

baggage=luggage

12.B

L11-04end8’2929”

”

L12-01begin7’52

52”