2013年12月四级答案

2017年12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案（第一套）

PartIWriting（25minutes）

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowrite

ashorteasyonhowtobest

shouldwriteatleast

120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

PartIIListeningComprehension（25minutes）

SectionA

Directions:Inthisction,youwillhearthreenewsreports.

Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.

Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.

Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoothebestanswerfrom

thefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Thenmarkthe

correspondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethrough

thecentre.

Questions1and2arebadonthenewsreportyouhavejust

heard.

1.A)HerfriendErika.C)Hergrandfather.

B)Herlittlebrother.D)Hergrandmother.

2.A)Bytakingpicturesforpasrs-by.C)Bylling

lemonadeandpictures.

B)Byworkingparttimeatahospital.D)Byaskingforhelp

onsocialmedia.

Questions3and4arebadonthenewsreportyouhavejust

heard.

3.A)Findingcheaperwaysofhighwayconstruction.

B)Generatingelectricpowerforpassingvehicles.

C)Providingcleanenergytofivemillionpeople.

D)Testingtheefficiencyofthenewsolarpanel.

4.A)Theycanstandthewearandtearofnaturalelements.

B)Theycanbelaidrightontopofexistinghighways.

C)Theyareonlyabouthalfaninchthick.

D)Theyaremadefromcheapmaterials.

Questions5to7arebadonthenewsreportyouhavejust

heard.

5.A)Endlessfightingintheregion.C)Inadequatefunding

forrearch.

B)Thehazardsfromthedert.D)Thelackofcluesabout

thespecies.

6.A)Toobrvethewildlifeinthetwonationalparks.

B)Toidentifythereasonsforthelions’disappearance.

C)TostudythehabitatoflionsinSudanandEthiopia.

D)Tofindevidenceoftheexistenceofthe“lostlions”.

7.A)Lionswalking.C)Somecampingfacilities.

B)Lions’tracks.D)Trapstbylocalhunters.

SectionB

Directions：Inthisction,youwillheartwolong

ndofeachconversation,youwillhearfour

econversationandthequestionswillbespoken

ouhearaquestion,youmustchoothebest

answerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C),andD).Thenmark

thecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasingleline

throughthecentre.

Questions8to11arebadontheconversationyouhavejust

heard.

8.A)Her‘luckybirthday’.C)Herweddinganniversary.

B)Acallfromherdad.D)Aspecialgiftfromtheman.

9.A)Gaveherabigmodelplane.C)Tookheronatrip

overas.

B)Boughtheragoodnecklace.D)Threwherasurpriparty.

10.A)Thegiftherhusbandhasbought.

B)Thetripherhusbandhasplanned.

C)Whathasbeentroublingherhusband.

D)Whatherhusbandandthemanareupto.

11.A)Hewillbegladtobeaguideforthecouple’sholiday

trip.

B)Hewilltellthewomenthecretifherhusbandagrees.

C)Heiagertolearnhowthecouple’sholidayturnsout.

D)Hewantstofindoutaboutthecouple’sholidayplan.

Questions12to15arebadontheconversationyouhavejust

heard.

12.A)Theyarensitivetothedynamicsofanegotiation.

B)Theyetheimportanceofmakingcompromis.

C)Theyknowwhentoadoptatoughattitude.

D)Theytaketherival’sattitudeintoaccount.

13.A)Theyknowhowtoadapt.C)Theyknowwhentomake

compromis.

B)Theyknowwhentostop.D)Theyknowhowtocontroltheir

emotion.

14.A)Theyarepatient.C)Theylearnquickly.

B)Theyaregoodatexpression.D)Theyupholdtheir

principles.

15.A)Makeclearone'sintentions.C)Formulateone's

strategy.

B)Clarifyitemsofnegotiation.D)Gettoknowtheotherside.

SectionC

Directions:Inthisction,youwillhearthreepassages.

Attheendofeachpassage,youwill

epassageandthe

questionswillbespokenonly

ouhearaquestion,youmustchoothebest

answerfromthefour

choicesmarkedA),B),C),D).Thenmarkthecorresponding

letteronAnswer

Sheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

Questions16to18arebadonthepassageyouhavejust

heard.

16.A)WhenAmerica'arliestspaceprogramstarted.

B)WhentheInternationalSpaceStationwasbuilt.

C)Howmanyspaceshuttlemissionstherewillbe.

D)HowspacerearchbenefitspeopleonEarth.

17.A)Theyaccuratelycalculatedthespeedoftheorbiting

shuttles.

B)Theydevelopedobjectsforastronautstouinouter

space.

C)Theytriedtomeetastronauts'specificrequirements.

D)Theytriedtomakebestuofthelatesttechnology.

18.A)Theyareextremelyaccurate.C)Theywerefirstmade

inspace.

B)Theyareexpensivetomake.D)Theywereinventedinthe

1970s.

Questions19to21arebadonthepassageyouhavejust

heard.

19.A)ItwaswhenherancestorscametoAmerica.

B)Peoplehadplentyoflandtocultivatethen.

C)Itmarkedthebeginningofsomethingnew.

D)Everythingwasnaturalandgenuinethen.

20.A)Theybelievedinworkingforgoals.C)Theyhadall

kindsofentertainment.

B)Theyenjoyedlivingalivingalifeofea.D)Theywere

knowntobecreative.

21.A)Chattingwithherancestors.C)Polishingallthe

silverwork.

B)Furnishinghercountryhou.D)Doingneedleworkbythe

fire.

Questions22to25arebadonthepassageyouhavejust

heard.

22.A)Uamaptoidentifyyourlocation.C)Sitdownand

trytocalmyourlf.

B)Callyourfamilyorfriendsforhelp.D)Trytofollowyour

footprintsback.

23.A)Youmayfindawayoutwithoutyourknowingit.

B)Youmayexpoyourlftounexpecteddangers.

C)Youmaygetdrownedinasuddenflood.

D)Youmayendupenteringawonderland.

24.A)Lookforfood.C)Startafire.

B)Waitpatiently.D)Walkuphill.

25.A)Informsomebodyofyourplan.C)Checkthelocal

weather.

B)Prepareenoughfoodanddrink.D)Findamapandacompass.

PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthisction,thereisapassagewithten

requiredtolectonewordforeachblankfrom

markthe

correspondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasingle

notuanyofthewordsinthe

bankmorethanonce.

Aratorpigeonmightnotbetheobviouschoicetotendto

someonewhoissick,butthecreatureshavesome26skillsthat

couldhelpthetreatmentofhumandias.

Pigeonsareoftenenasdirtybirdsandanurban27,but

theyarejustthelatestinalonglineofanimalsthathavebeen

ehavingabrain

nobiggerthanthe28ofyourindexfinger,pigeonshaveavery

impressive29__lyitwasshownthattheycouldbe

trainedtobeasaccurateashumansatdetectingbreastcancer

inimages.

Ratsareoften30withspreadingdiaratherthan31it,

arat'sno

areupto1,000differenttypesofolfactoryreceptors（嗅觉

感受器）,ves

ratstheabilitytodetect__ult,somerats

arebeingputtoworktodetectTB（肺结核）.Whentheratsdetect

thesmell,theystopandrubtheirlegsto34asampleisinfected.

Traditionally,ahundredsampleswouldtakelabtechnicians

morethantwodaysto35,butforaratittakeslessthan20

tdetectionmethoddoesn'trelyonspecialist

somoreaccurate—theratsareabletofind

moreTBinfectionsand,therefore,savemorelives.

A)associatedI)slight

B)examineJ)specify

C)indicateK)superior

D)nuisanceL)suspicious

E)peakM)tip

F)preventingN)treated

G)prohibitingO)visual

H)nsitive

SectionB

Directions:Inthisction,youaregoingtoreadapassage

atementcontains

fytheparagraph

chooaparagraph

thequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet

2.

DoIn-ClassExamsMakeStudentsStudyHarder?

Rearchsuggeststheymaystudymorebroadlyforthe

unexpectedratherthanarchforanswers.

[A]yemrather

strangethatIhavereturnedtocollegetofinishthedegreeI

ingmywaythrough

ColumbiaUniversity,surroundedbystudentswhoquicklysupply

theverbalanswerwhileIamstillprocessingthequestion.

[B]Sincethereisnowayformetoavoidexams,Iamcurrently

questioningwhatkindarethemosttaxingandultimately

lreadysweatedthroughnumerousin-class

midtermsandfinals,andnowIhaveaprofessorwhoissues

citedwhenIlearnedthis,figuringIhad

afullweektodotherearch,readthetexts,andwriteitall

,Iwasstillrewritingmymidtermthemorningitwas

hadlostthethreadisputtingitmildly.

[C]AsIwassufferingthroughmyweekofanxiety,

overthinkingthematerialandguessingmygraspofit,Ididsome

inbach,

entsatColumbia,prefers

evesstudentsultimatelylearnmore

andencouragesthemtoformstudygroups.“Thatwaythey

socializeoverhistoryoutsidetheclass,whichwouldn’thappen

withoutthepressureofanin-clasxam,”heexplained,

“Furthermore,in-clasxamsforcestudentstolearnhowto

performunderpressure,andesntialworkskill.”

[D]Healsosaysthereislesschanceofcheatingwiththe

2012,125studentsatHarvardwerecaught

upinascandalwhenitwasdiscoveredtheyhadcheatedona

take-homeexamforaclasntitled“IntroductionToCongress.”

Somecollegeshavewhattheycallan“honorcode,”thoughif

youaresmartenoughtogetintotheschools,youareeither

smartenoughtogetaroundanycodesorhopefully,tooethical

blockedandcluelessfortwosolid

days,ImomentarilywonderedifIcouldn’tjustcallanexpert

onthesubjectmatterwhichIwastackling,orsomeonewhotook

theclasspreviously,togetmegoing.

[E]FollowingtheHarvardscandal,MaryMiller,theformer

deanofstudentsatYale,madeanimpassionedappealtoher

school’sprofessorstorefrainfromtake-honeexams.“Students

riskhealthandwellbeing,aswellasperformanceinother

end-of-termwork,whenfacultyofferstake-homeexamswithout

clear,time-limitedboundaries,”shetoldme.“Rearchnow

showsthatregularquizzes,shortessays,andotherassignments

overthecourofatermbetterenhancelearningandretention.”

[F]Mostcollegeprofessorsagreethekindofexamtheychoo

itative-badone,for

example,isunlikelytobenthome,whereonecouldasktheir

onal-typeclass,such

ascomputerscienceorjournalism,ontheotherhand,areoften

morerearch-orientedandlendthemlvestotake-hometesting.

ChrisKoch,whoteaches“HistoryofBroadcastJournalism”at

MontgomeryCommunityCollegeinRockville,Maryland,pointsout

thatreportingisaboutinvestigationratherthanthe

memorizationofminutedetails.“Inmyfield,it’snotwhatyou

know—it’swhatyouknowhowtofindout,”saysKoch.“There

iswaytoomuchinformation,andmorecomingallthetime,for

ystudentstoarchouttheanswers

toquestionsbyusingalltheresourcesavailabletothem.

[G]Students’test-formpreferencesvary,too,often

dependingonthesubjectandcourdifficulty.“Iprefer

take-homeessaysbecauitisthenreallyaboutthewriting,so

youhavetimetoeditanddomorerearch,”saysElizabeth

Dresr,ereisthestressfactor.

FrancescaHaass,anioratMiddlebury,says,“Ifindthe

in-classonesaremorestressfulintheshortterm,butthereis

immediatereliefasyouswallowinformationlikemad,andthen

-homesrequirethoughtfulengagement

whichcanleadtolongertermstressasthereisneveramoment

whenthetimeisup.”Meanwhile,OliviaRubin,asophomoreat

Emory,saysshehardlyevenconsiderstake-homestrueexams.“If

youunderstandthematerialandhavetheabilitytoarticulate

(说出)yourthoughts,theyshouldbeabreeze.”

[H]Howstudentsultimatelyhandlestressmaydependontheir

repeoplewhoalwayswait

untilthelastminute,andmakeitmuchharderthanitneedsto

ntherethowho,notknowingwhatquestionsarecoming

atthem,andhavingnoresourcestoreferto,n

therearewerarefolkswhofitboththodescriptions.

[I]Yes,myadvancedagemustfactorintotheequation(等

式),inpartbecauofmyinabilityto

herreturning

studentatColumbia,KateMarber,told

me,“Wearelearningnotonlyallthisinformation,but

s

changedsincewewerelastin

school.”

[J]Ifnothingel,thesituationhasgivenmycollegeson

andmesomethingtoshare,WhenI

askedhisopiniononthismatter,heresponded,“Ilike

in-clasxamsbecauthetimeis

alreadyrerved,asoppodtousingmyfreetimeathome

toworkonatest,”heresponded.

Itemstomethatacompromiwouldbereceivingtheexam

questionsadayortwoin

advance,andthendoingtheactualtestinclasstheticking

clockoverhead.

[K]Betteryet,howaboutwhatoneHunterCollegeprofessor

reportedlydidrecentlyforherfinal

exam:Sheencouragedtheclassnottostressorevenstudy,

promisingthat,“Itisgoingtobea

pieceofcake.”Whenthestudentscamein,sharpenedpencils

inhand,therewasnotablue

,theysawalargechocolatecakeand

theyeachweregivenaslice.

ystudentsfindithardtokeepupwiththerapid

changesineducation.

lievetake-homeexamsmayaffectstudents'

performanceinothercours.

nprofessorsbelievein-clasxamsareultimately

morehelpfultostudents.

-clasxamsarebelievedtodiscouragecheatingin

exams.

horwashappytolearnshecoulddosomeexamsat

home.

tswhoputofftheirworkuntilthelastmomentoften

findtheexamsmoredifficultthan

theyactuallyare.

entstudentsmaypreferdifferenttypesofexams.

ofessorsagreewhethertogiveanin-classora

take-homeexamdependsontypeof

courbeingtaught.

hordroppedoutofcollegesomefortyyearsago.

udentsthinktake-homeexamswilleatuptheirfree

time.

SectionC

Directions:ssage

h

ofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshould

decideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteron

AnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions46and50arebadonthefollowingpassage.

Thatpeopleoftenexperiencetroublesleepinginadifferent

bedinunfamiliarsurroundingsisaphenomenonknownasthe

“first-night”sonstaysinthesameroomthe

sakiand

hercolleaguesatBrownUniversitytouttoinvestigatethe

originsofthiffect.

knewthefirst-nighteffectprobablyhassomething

zlewaswhatbenefitwould

begainedfromitwhenperformancemightbeaffectedthefollowing

oknewfrompreviousworkconductedonbirdsand

dolphinsthattheanimalsputhalfoftheirbrainstosleepat

atimesothattheycanrestwhileremainingalertenoughtoavoid

predators(捕食者).Thisledhertowonderifpeoplemightbedoing

aclorlook,herteamstudied35healthy

peopleastheysleptintheunfamiliarenvironmentofthe

university’

participantachsleptinthedepartmentfortwonightsandwere

carefullymonitoredwithtechniquesthatlookedattheactivity

found,axpected,theparticipants

sleptlesswellontheirfirstnightthantheydidontheircond,

takingmorethantwiceaslongtofallasleepandsleepingless

deepsleep,theparticipants’brainsbehavedin

irstnight

only,thelefthemispheres(半球)oftheirbrainsdidnotsleep

nearlyasdeeplyastheirrighthemispheresdid.

Curiousifthelefthemisphereswereindeedremainingawake

toprocessinformationdetectedinthesurroundingenvironment,

re-rantheexperimentwhileprentingthesleeping

participantswithamixofregularlytimedbeeps(蜂鸣声)ofthe

sametoneandirregularbeepsofadifferenttoneduringthenight.

Sheworkedoutthat,ifthelefthemispherewasstayingalertto

keepguardinastrangeenvironment,thenitwouldreacttothe

irregularbeepsbystirringpeoplefromsleepandwouldignore

precilywhatshefound.

drearchersfindpuzzlingaboutthefirst-night

effect?

A)Towhatextentitcantroublepeople.C)Whatcircumstances

maytriggerit.

B)Whatroleithasplayedinevolution.D)Inwhatwayit

canbebeneficial.

sakidoingherrearch?

A)Shefoundbirdsanddolphinsremainalertwhileasleep.

B)Shefoundbirdsanddolphinssleepinmuchthesameway.

C)Shegotsomeideafrompreviousstudiesonbirdsand

dolphins

D)Sheconductedstudiesonbirds’anddolphins’sleeping

patterns.

dowhenshefirstdidherexperiment?

A)Shemonitoredthebrainactivityofparticipantssleeping

inanewenvironment.

B)Sherecruited35participantsfromherDepartmentof

PsychologicalSciences.

C)Shestudiedthedifferencesbetweenthetwosidesof

participants’brains.

D)Shetestedherfindingsaboutbirdsanddolphinsonhuman

subjects.

dowhenre-runningherexperiment?

A)Sheanalyzedthenegativeeffectofirregulartoneson

brains.

B)Sherecordedparticipants’adaptationtochanged

environment.

C)Sheexpodherparticipantstotwodifferentstimuli.

D)Shecomparedtheresponsofdifferentparticipants.

findabouttheparticipantsinher

experiment?

A)Theytendedtoenjoycertaintonesmorethanothers.

B)Theytendedtoperceiveirregularbeepsasathreat.

C)Theyfeltsleepywhenexpodtoregularbeeps.

D)Theydifferedintheirtoleranceofirregulartones.

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebadonthefollowingpassage.

It’stimetoreevaluatehowwomenhandleconflictatwork.

Beingoverworkedorover-committedathomeandonthejobwill

onlyslowyou

downandhinderyourcareergoals.

Didyouknowwomenaremorelikelythanmentofeelexhausted?

Nearlytwiceasmanywomenthanmenages18-44reportedfeeling

“verytired”or“exhausted”,accordingtoarecentstudy.

Thismaynotbesurprisinggiventhatthisistheagerange

'salsotheagerangewhenmanywomen

sonwomenmayfeel

exhaustedisthattheyhaveahardtimesaying"no."Womenwant

tobeabletodoitallvolunteerforschoolpartiesorcook

deliciousmeals-andsotheiranswertoanyrequestisoften“Yes,

Ican.”

Womenstruggletosay“no”intheworkplaceforsimilar

reasons,includingthedesiretobelikedbytheircolleagues.

Unfortunately,thisinabilitytosay"no"maybehurtingwomen's

heathaswellastheircareer.

Attheworkplace,menuconflictasawaytoposition

themlves,whilewomenoftenavoidconflictorstrivetobethe

peacemaker,becautheydon'twanttobeviewedasaggressive

mple,there’saproblemthatneeds

tobeaddresdimmediately,resultinginadisputeovershould

morelikelytofacethatdispute

fromtheperspectiveofwhatbenefitsthemmost,whereaswomen

mayapproachthesamedisputefromtheperspectiveofwhat'sthe

easiestandquickestwaytoresolvetheproblem-even

ifthatmeansdoingtheboringworkthemlves.

Thisdifferenceinhandlingconflictcouldbethedeciding

factoronwhogetspromotedtoaleadershippositionandwhodoes

shavetobeabletodelegateandmanageresources

wily–eringmoreofthe

d,itmay

highlightyourinabilitytodelegateeffectively.

estheauthorsayistheproblemwithwomen?

A)Theyareoftenunclearaboutthecareergoalstoreach.

B)Theyareusuallymorecommittedathomethanonthejob.

C)Theytendtobeover-optimisticabouthowfartheycould

go.

D)Theytendtopushthemlvesbeyondthelimitsoftheir

ability.

orkingwomenofchild-bearingagetendtofeel

drainedofenergy?

A)Theystruggletosatisfythedemandsofbothworkandhome.

B)Theyaretoodevotedtoworkandunabletorelaxasaresult.

C)Theydotheirbesttocooperatewiththeirworkmates.

D)Theyareobligedtotakeuptoomanyresponsibilities.

yhinderthefutureprospectsofcareerwomen?

A)Theirunwillingnesstosay“no”.

B)Theirdesiretobeconsideredpowerful.

C)Anunderestimateoftheirownability.

D)Alackofcouragetofacechallenges.

womandifferintheirapproachtoresolving

workplaceconflictsinthat______.

A)womentendtobeeasilysatisfied

B)menaregenerallymorepersuasive

C)mentendtoputtheirpersonalinterestsfirst

D)womenaremuchmorereadytocompromi

importanttoagoodleader?

A)Adominantpersonality.C)Thecouragetoadmitfailure

B)Theabilitytodelegate.D)Astrongnof

responsibility.

PartⅣTranslation(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutesto

translateapassagefromChineinto

uldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.

华山位于华阴市，据西安120公里。华山是秦岭的一部分，秦岭不

仅分割陕南与陕北，也分隔华南与华北。与从前人们常去朝拜的泰山不

同，华山过去很少有人光临，因为上山的道路极其危险。然而，希望长

寿大人却经常上山，因为山上生长着许多草药，特别是一些稀有的草药。

自上世纪90年代安装缆车以来，参观人数大大增加。

答案速查

PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA26—30KDMOA31—35FHICB

SectionB36—40IECDB41—45HGFAJ

SectionC46—50DCACB51—55DAACB