英语4级答案

更新时间:2023-01-02 04:28:48 阅读: 评论:0


2023年1月2日发(作者:铁甲衣)

2016年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第一套)

PartIWriting(30minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分,之后将进行听力考试)

Directions:Forthispart,eyouhave

twooptionsupongraduation:oneistotakeajobinacompanyandtheothertogotoagraduate

nessaytoexplainthereasonsfor

uldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

Muchcontroversyhasbeenaroudaboutwhetherthestudentsshouldfindajoborstart

alookaround,wecanfindthatsomegraduatesbustle

aroundjobmarkets,r,Iprefertheformer

choice.

Frommyperspective,therearegoodreasonstofindajobinthefirstveralyearsafter

ndforemost,ifagraduateintendstoaccumulateworkingexperience

andlearnfromtheniors,undeniablefact

thatthetheoreticalknowledgewillprovidethegraduateswiththeabilitytoconsiderthings

comprehensively,however,onlyundertheintegrationwithpracticecantherigidknowledgebe

ably,doingsomethingsmallisthepremiof

ckMa,thefounderofAlibabaandtaobao,

alsofindssomejobsbeforeestablishinghisowncareer,layingasolidfoundationforhislater

success.

Conquently,ybelieve

thatitwillcontinuetobringaboutmorereturnstoourlifeandfuture.

PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthisction,ndofeachnewsreport,

enewsreportandthequestionswillbespoken

ouhearaquestion,youmustchoothebestanswerfromthefourchoices

markedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasingle

linethroughthecentre.

Questions1and2arebadonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

1.A)Itwasgoingtoberenovated.

B)Hecouldnolongerpaytherent.

C)Itwasdangeroustolivein.

D)Hehadsoldittotheroyalfamily.

【答案】C

2.A)Astorm.

B)Astrike.

C)Aforestfire.

D)Aterroristattack.

【答案】A

Questions3and4arebadonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

3.A)Theylostcontactwiththeemergencydepartment.

B)Theywereinjuredbysuddenlyfallingrocks.

C)Theyntcallsforhelpviaaportableradio.

D)Theyweretrappedinanundergroundelevator.

【答案】D

4.A)Theyprovidedtheminerswithfoodandwater.

B)Theyntsuppliestokeeptheminerswarm.

C)Theyreleadthedetailsoftheaccident.

D)Theytriedhardtorepairtheelevator.

【答案】B

Questions5to7arebadonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.

5.A)Raipostagerates.

B)Improveitsrvices.

C)Closomeofitspostoffices.

D)Redesigndeliveryroutes.

【答案】C

6.A)Closingofficesonholidays.

B)Shorteningbusinesshours.

C)Computerizingmailsortingprocess.

D)StoppingmaildeliveryonSaturdays.

【答案】D

7.A)Alotofcontroversywillari.

B)Taxpayerswillbeveryplead.

C)Manypeoplewillbegintocomplain.

D)Manypostofficestaffwilllotheirjobs.

【答案】D

SectionB

Directions:Inthisction,ndofeach

conversation,econversationandthequestionswillbe

ouhearaquestion,youmustchoothebestanswerfromthefourchoices

markedA),B)yC)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasingle

linethroughthecentre.

Questions8to11arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

8.A)Hewilllopartofhispay.

B)Hewillgothroughretraining.

C)Hewillbegivenawarning.

D)Hewillbekeptfrompromotion.

【答案】A

9.A)Heisanexperiencedpressoperator.

B)Heisatrustworthyguy.

C)Heisalwaysontime.

D)Heisongoodtermswithhisworkmates.

【答案】B

10.A)Sheisatradeunionreprentative.

B)Sheisaniormanageroftheshop.

C)Sheisbetterathandlingsuchmatters.

D)Sheisinchargeofpublicrelations.

【答案】C

11.A)Heisalwaystryingtostiruptrouble.

B)Heisskilledandexperienced.

C)Heisveryclotothemanager.

D)Heisalwayscomplainingaboutlowwages.

【答案】A

Questions12to15arebadontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

12.A)Open.

B)Rerved.

C)Selfish.

D)Friendly.

【答案】B

13.A)Theyreadabook.

B)Theytalkabouttheweather.

C)Theystayquiet.

D)Theychatwithfellowpasngers.

【答案】C

14.A)Shewasunwillingtomakefriendswithworkmates.

B)Shewasneverinvitedtoacolleague’shome.

C)ShewaagertovisitanEnglishcastle.

D)Shewasalwaystreatedasaforeigner.

【答案】B

15.A)Housaremuchmorequiet.

B)Theywanttohavemorespace.

C)Theywantagardenoftheirown.

D)Housprovidemoreprivacy.

【答案】D

SectionC

Directions:Inthisction,ndofeachpassage,you

epassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.

Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoothebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),

B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethrough

thecentre.

Questions16to18arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

16.A)Theywillautomaticallybegivenhiringpriority.

B)Theydon’thavetogothroughjobinterviews.

C)Theyarelikelytogetmuchhigherpay.

D)Theydon’thavemuchchoiceofjobs.

【答案】A

17.A)Visittheschoolcareersrvice.

B)Asktheirprofessorsforhelp.

C)Lookatschoolbulletinboards.

D)Gothroughcampusnewspapers.

【答案】A

18.A)Providingstudentswithinformationaboutthelibrary.

B)Helpingstudentsarrangeappointmentswithlibrarians.

C)Supervisingstudyspacestoensureaquietatmosphere.

D)Helpingstudentsfindthebooksandjournalstheyneed.

【答案】C

Questions19to21arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

19.A)Ittastesbetter.

B)Itmaybesoldatahigherprice.

C)Itiasiertogrow.

D)Itcanbettersurviveextremeweathers.

【答案】B

20.A)Itcangrowindriersoil.

B)Itisimmunetovariousdias.

C)Itwillreplacegreenteaoneday.

D)Itishealthierthangreentea.

【答案】D

21.A)Itdoesnothaveastablemarket.

B)Ithasmadeteafarmers’lifeeasier.

C)Itdoesnotbringthepromidhealthbenefits.

D)Ithasbeenwellreceivedbymanyteadrinkers.

【答案】A

Questions22to25arebadonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

22.A)Theycaremoreaboutenvironment.

B)Theydecoratetheirhomesthemlves.

C)Theypreferuniqueobjectsofhighquality.

D)Theyneeddecorationstoshowtheirstatus.

【答案】C

23.A)Theymadegreatcontributionstosociety.

B)Theycouldonlytrytocreateatnight.

C)Theywereproudoftheircreations.

D)Theyfocudonthequalityoftheirproducts.

【答案】B

24.A)Identifyfakecrafts.

B)Makewichoices.

C)Toaroupublicinterestincrafts.

D)Toboostthelocaleconomy.

【答案】B

25.A)Toattractforeigninvestments.

B)Toprervethetraditionalculture.

C)Designhandicraftsthemlves.

D)Learntheimportanceofcreation.

【答案】D

PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Directions:Inthisction,requiredtolect

onewordfo

oiceinthebankisidentified

markthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasingle

notuanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Manymenandwomenhavelongboughtintotheideathatthereare“male”and“female”

brains,udy__26__

thatbelief,questioningwhetherbrainsreallycanbedistinguishedbygender.

Inthestudy,TelAvivUniversityrearchers__27__forxdifferencesthroughoutthe

entirehumanbrain.

27._____

A)abnormal

B)applied

C)briefly

D)categorizing

E)challenges

F)figure

G)percentage

H)proving

I)regardless

J)arched

K)similarities

L)slightly

M)suggests

N)tastes

O)traditional

Andwhatdidtheyfind?thanofferevidencefor__28__brainsas“male”

or“female,”rearchshowsthatbrainsfallintoawiderange,withmostpeoplefallingright

inthemiddle.

28._____

A)abnormal

B)applied

C)briefly

D)categorizing

E)challenges

F)figure

G)percentage

H)proving

I)regardless

J)arched

K)similarities

L)slightly

M)suggests

N)tastes

O)traditional

DaphnaJoel,wholedthestudy,saidherrearchfoundthatwhiletherearesome

gender-bad—__29__,manydifferenttypesofbraincan’talwaysbedistinguishedbygender.

29._____

A)abnormal

B)applied

C)briefly

D)categorizing

E)challenges

F)figure

G)percentage

H)proving

I)regardless

J)arched

K)similarities

L)slightly

M)suggests

N)tastes

O)traditional

Whilethe“average”maleand“average”femalebrainswere__30__different,youcouldn’

mall__31__ofpeoplehad“all-male”

or“all-female”characteristics.

30._____

31._____

A)abnormal

B)applied

C)briefly

D)categorizing

E)challenges

F)figure

G)percentage

H)proving

I)regardless

J)arched

K)similarities

L)slightly

M)suggests

N)tastes

O)traditional

LarryCahill,anAmericanneuroscientist(神经科学家),saidthestudyisanimportant

additiontoagrowingbodyofrearchquestioning__32__beliefsaboutgenderandbrainfunction.

Buthecautionedagainstconcludingfromthisstudythatallbrainsarethesame,__33__of

gender.

32._____

33._____

A)abnormal

B)applied

C)briefly

D)categorizing

E)challenges

F)figure

G)percentage

H)proving

I)regardless

J)arched

K)similarities

L)slightly

M)suggests

N)tastes

O)traditional

“There’samountainofevidence__34__theimportanceofxinfluencesatalllevels

ofbrainfunction,MhetoldTheSeattleTimes.

34._____

A)abnormal

B)applied

C)briefly

D)categorizing

E)challenges

F)figure

G)percentage

H)proving

I)regardless

J)arched

K)similarities

L)slightly

M)suggests

N)tastes

O)traditional

Ifanything,hesaid,thestudy__35__thatgenderplaysaveryimportantroleinthebrain

—“evenwhenwearenotclearexactlyhow.”

35._____

A)abnormal

B)applied

C)briefly

D)categorizing

E)challenges

F)figure

G)percentage

H)proving

I)regardless

J)arched

K)similarities

L)slightly

M)suggests

N)tastes

O)traditional

SectionB

Directions:Inthisction,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattached

fytheparagraph

ragraph

thequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswer

Sheet2.

CanBurglarsJamYourWirelessSecuritySystem?

A)Ann't

surprisingthatyou’llfindplentyofstrongopinionsaboutthepotentialvulnerabilitiesof

popularhome-curitysystems.

B)Themostlikelytypeofburglary(入室盗窃)byfaristheunsophisticatedcrimeof

opportunity,ingtotheFBI,crimes

liketheacc

widemajorityoftherestwereillegal,unforcedentriesthatresultedfromsomethinglikea

sofcriminalusingtechnicalmeanstobypassacuritysystem

aresosmallthattheFBIdoesn’teventrackthostatistics.

C)Oneofthemaintheoreticalhome-curityconcernsiswhetherornotagivensystemis

redtups,thefearisthata

burglar(入室盗贼)

awirelesstup,youstickbattery-powerednsorsuparoundyourhomethatkeepaneyeon

windows,doors,motion,detectsomethingwrongwhilethesystemisarmed,

they’lltransmitawirelessalertsignaltoabastationthatwillthenraithealarm.

Thatapproachwilleliminatemostcord-cuttingconcerns—butwhatabouttheirwireless

equivalent,jamming?Withtherightdevicetunedtotherightfrequency,what’stostopathief

fromjammingyourtupandblockingthatalertsignalfromeverreachingthebastation?

D)Jammingconcernsarenothingnew,andthey’ice

that’sbuilttoreceiveawirelesssignalataspecificfrequencycanbeoverwhelmedbyastronger

parison,let’ssayyouwantedto“jam”a

conversationbetweentwopeople—allyou’dneedtodoisyellinthelistener’ar.

E)Securitydevicesarerequiredtolistthefrequenciestheybroadcaston—thatmeansthat

ll,however,

needtoknowwhatsystemthey’aveasigninyouryarddeclaringwhat

tupyouu,that’dpointthemintherightdirection,thoughatthatpoint,we’retalking

aboutahighlytargeted,mi-sophisticatedattack,andnotthesortofforced-entryattack

’asiertofindandacquirejammingequipment

forsomefrequenciesthanitisforothers.

F)Wirelesscurityproviderswilloftentakestepstohelpcombatthethreatofjamming

Safe,winnerofourEditors’Choicedistinction,utilizesaspecialsystemthat’

scapablesystem

thinksit’sbeingjammed,it’llnotifyyouviapushalert(推送警报).Fromthere,it’sup

toyoutosoundthealarmmanually.

G)SimpliSafewassingledoutinonerecentarticleonjamming,completewithavideoshowing

theeaking

appropriatemeasuretocontaintheRFinterferencetoourtestlab,wetestedtheattackout

forourlves,r,

wealsoverifiedthatSimpliSafe’htusintheact,nt

analerttomysmartphone,andalsolistedourRFinterferenceonthesystem’

teambehindthearticleandvideoinquestionmakenomentionofthesystem,orwhetherornot

itdetectedthem.

H)sthatathieflikelywouldn’tbe

abletoGooglehowthesystemworks,thenfigureoutawayarounditEveniftheycould,SimpliSafe

claimsthatitssystemisalwayvolving,andthatitvariesslightlyfromsystemtosystem,

whichmeanstherewouldn’tbeauniversalmagicformulaforcrackingitOthersystemsalso

matFrontpointaddresstheissueinablog

onitssite,citingtheirownjamprotectionsoftwareandclaimingthattherearen’tany

documentedcasofasuccessfuljamattacksincethecompanybeganofferingwirelesscurity

nsorsinthe1980s.

I)before,withtherightequipmentand

therightknow-how,it’probableisit

thatsomeonewillsuccessfullyjamtheirwayintoyourhomeandstealyourstuff?

J)Let’simaginethatyouliveinasmallhomewithawirelesscuritytupthatoffers

,athiefisgoingtoneedtotargetyourhome,

,he’sgoingtoneedtoknowthetechnicaldetailsofyoursystemandacquire

ably,youkeepyour

doorslockedatnightandwhileyou'reaway,

meansdefeatingthelocksomehow,’llneedtobejammingyouatthis

point,,too,wouldthe

motiondetectorsinyourhome,sothethiefwillneedtocontinuejammingoncehe’sinside

r,he’llneedtodosowithouttrippingtheanti-jamming

system,thedetailsofwhichhealmostcertainlydoesnothaveaccessto.

K)Attheendoftheday,thekindsofsystemsareprimarilydesignedtoprotectagainst

thesortofoppo’

realsoonlyasinglelayerinwhatshouldideallybeamany-sidedapproachtocuringyour

home,onethatincludescommonnthingslikesoundlocksandproperexteriorlightingat

emisimpenetrable,andnonecanpromitoeliminatetheworstcacompletely.

Everyoneofthemhasvulnerabilitiesthataknowledgeablethiefcouldtheoreticallyexploit.

Agoodsystemisonethatkeepsthatworst-cattingasimprobableaspossiblewhilealso

offeringstrongprotectionintheeventofaless-extraordinaryattack.

ssibleforburglarstomakejammingattackswiththenecessaryequipmentand

skill.

【答案】I

eringwithawirelesscuritysystemissimilartointerferingwitha

conversation.

【答案】D

arhastocontinuouslyjamthewirelesscuritydevicetoavoidtriggeringthe

alarm,bothinsideandoutsidethehou.

【答案】J

Safeprovidesdevicesthatareabletodistinguishincidentalradiointerference

fromtargetedjammingattacks.

【答案】F

erysmallproportionofburglariesarecommittedbytechnicalmeans.

【答案】B

fficulttocrackSimpliSafeasitssystemkeepschanging.

【答案】H

ssdeviceswilltransmitsignalssoastoactivatethealarmoncesomethingwrong

isdetected.

【答案】C

entmeasuresshouldbetakentoprotectone’shomefromburglaryinadditionto

thewirelesscuritysystem.

【答案】K

Safe’sdevicecanndawarningtothehouowner’scellphone.

【答案】G

rscaneasilygetacuritydevice’sfrequencybyInternetarch.

【答案】E

SectionC

Directions:ssageisfollowedbysomequestions

hofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).

YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2with

asinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions46to50arebadonthefollowingpassage.

Asapersonwhowritesaboutfoodanddrinkforaliving,Icouldn’ttellyouthefirst

ntellyouthat

’sbecauheplanstobantippinginfavorofpayinghisrversanactual

livingwage.

Ihatetipping.

Ihateitbecauit’tforthepost-dinner

tly,IhatetippingbecauIbelieveIwouldbeinabetter

placeifpaydecisionsregardingemployeesweresimplyleftuptotheiremployers,asisthe

custominvirtuallyeveryotherindustry.

Mostofyouprobablythinkthatyouhatetipping,

actuallylovetipping!Youliketofeelthatyouhaveavoiceinhowmuchmoneyyourrver

erhowthemathworksout,youpersistentlyviewrestaurantswithvoluntarytipping

systemsasbeingabettervalue,whichmakesitextremelydifficultforrestaurantsandbars

todoawaywiththetippingsystem.

Oneargumentthatyoutendtohearalotfromthepro-tippingcrowdemslogicalenough:

therviceisbetterwhenwaitersdependontips,presumablybecautheyeabenefitto

,ifthisweretrue,wewouldallbeslipping

afew100-dollarbillstoourdoctorsonthewayouttheirdoors,tturnsout,

waiterseonlyatinybumpintipswhentheydoanexceptionaljobcomparedtoapassable

s,keenobrversofhumanitythattheyare,arecatchingontothis;inonepoll,

afull30%saidtheydidn’tbelievethejobtheydidhadanyimpactonthetipstheyreceived.

Socomeon,folks:ttlemore

tBillPerry’spub,andanyotherbarorrestaurant

thatdoesn’taskyoutododrunkenmath.

nwelearnaboutBillPerryfromthepassage?

A)Herunsapubthatrvexcellentbeer.

B)Heintendstogetridofthetippingpractice.

C)Hegiveshisstaffaconsiderablesumfortips.

D)Helivescomfortablywithoutgettinganytips.

【答案】B

themainreasonwhytheauthorhatestipping?

A)Ittsabadexampleforotherindustries.

B)Itaddstotheburdenofordinarycustomers.

C)Itforcesthecustomertocompensatethewaiter.

D)Itposagreatchallengeforcustomerstodomath.

【答案】C

anypeoplelovetippingaccordingtotheauthor?

A)Theyhelpimprovethequalityoftherestaurantstheydinein.

B)Theybelievewaitersdervesuchrewardsforgoodrvice.

C)Theywanttoprerveawonderfultraditionoftheindustry.

D)Theycanhavesomesayinhowmuchtheirrverarn.

【答案】D

vesomewaiterscometorealizeaccordingtoasurvey?

A)Servicequalityhaslittleeffectontipsize.

B)Itisinhumannaturetotrytosaveontips.

C)Tipsmakeitmoredifficulttopleacustomers.

D)Tipsbenefitthebossratherthantheemployees.

【答案】A

estheauthorargueforinthepassage?

A)Restaurantsshouldcalculatethetipsforcustomers.

B)Customersshouldpaymoretipstohelpimprovervice.

C)Waitersdervebetterthanjustrelyingontipsforaliving.

D)Waitersshouldbepaidbyemployersinsteadofcustomers.

【答案】D

PassageTwo

Questions51to55arebadonthefollowingpassage.

Inthepast,fallingoilpriceshavegivenaboosttotheworldeconomy,butrecentforecasts

forglobalgrowthhavebeentoneddown,atmean

thelinkbetweenloweroilpricesandgrowthhasweakened?

Someexpertssaytherearestillgoodreasonstobelievecheapoilshouldheatuptheworld

ershavemoremoneyintheirpocketswhenthey’

spendthatmoneyonotherthings,whichstimulatestheeconomy.

ThebiggestgainsgotocountriesthatimportmostoftheiroillikeChina,Japan,andIndia.

Butdoesn’ttheextramoneyinthepocketsofthocountries,consumersmeananequalloss

inoil-producingcountries,cancellingoutthegains?Notnecessarily,sayconomicrearcher

SaraJohnson.“Manyoilproducersbuiltuphugerervefundswhenpriceswerehigh,sowhen

pricesfalltheywilldrawontheirrervestosupportgovernmentspendingandsubsidies(补

贴)fortheirconsumers.”

zuela,collapsingoilpriceshavent

itconomyintofree-fall.

EconomistCarlWeinbergbelievesthenegativeeffectsofplungingoilpricesare

licationisasharpdeclineinglobal

trade,whichhasplungedpartlybecauoil-producingnationscan’taffordtoimportasmuch

astheyudto.

SaraJohnsonacknowledgesthattheglobaleconomicbenefitfromafallinoilpricestoday

sonisthatmorecountriesarebigoilproducers

now,sothenationssufferingfromthepricesdropaccountforalargershareoftheglobal

economy.

Consumers,t,areactingcautiouslywiththesavingsthey’regetting

atthegaspump,

anumberofoil-producingcountriesaretrimmingtheirgasolinesubsidiesandraisingtaxes,

sothenetsavingsforglobalconsumersisnotasbigastheoilpriceplungemightsuggest.

estheauthormainlydiscussinthepassage?

A)Thereasonsbehindtheplungeofoilprices.

B)Possiblewaystostimulatetheglobaleconomy.

C)Theimpactofcheapoilonglobaleconomicgrowth.

D)Theeffectoffallingoilpricesonconsumerspending.

【答案】C

omeexpertsbelievecheapoilwillstimulatetheglobaleconomy?

A)Manufacturerscanproduceconsumergoodsatamuchlowercost.

B)Loweroilpriceshavealwaysgivenabigboosttotheglobaleconomy.

C)Oilpricesmayriorfallbuteconomiclawsarenotsubjecttochange.

D)Consumerswillspendtheirsavingsfromcheapoilonothercommodities.

【答案】D

ppensinmanyoil-exportingcountrieswhenoilpricesgodown?

A)Theysuspendimportofnecessitiesfromoveras.

B)Theyreduceproductiondrasticallytoboostoilprices.

C)Theyutheirmoneyrervestobackupconsumption.

D)Theytrytostoptheireconomyfromgoingintofree-fall.

【答案】C

sCarlWeinbergviewthecurrentoilpriceplunge?

A)Itisonethathasennoparallelineconomichistory.

B)Itsnegativeeffectsmorethancanceloutitspositiveeffects.

C)Itstillhasachancetogiveritoaboomintheglobaleconomy.

D)Itffectsontheglobaleconomygoagainstexistingeconomiclaws.

【答案】B

en’tfallingoilpricesboostedtheglobaleconomyastheydidbefore?

A)Peoplearenotspendingallthemoneytheysaveongas.

B)Theglobaleconomyislikelytoundergoanotherrecession.

C)Oilimportersaccountforalargerportionoftheglobaleconomy.

D)Peopletheworldoverareafraidofafurtherplungeinoilprices.

【答案】A

PartIVTranslation(30minutes)

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChine

uldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.

在中国文化中,红色通常象征着好运、长寿和幸福。在春节和其他喜庆场合,红色到处可见。人们

把现金作为礼物送给家人或亲密朋友时,通常放在红信封里。红色在中国流行的另一个原因是人们把它

与中国革命和共产党相联系。然而,红色并不总是代表好运和快乐。因为从前死者的名字常用红色书写,

用红墨水书写中国人名被看成是一种冒犯行为。

【答案】InChineculture,redgenerallysymbolizesgoodluck,longevityandwell-being.

ThecolorofredcanbefoundeverywhereduringtheSpringFestivalandotherfestiveoccasions.

Cashgiventofamilymembersorclofriendsasagiftisusuallywrappedinaredenvelop.

AnotherreasonaccountingforthepopularityofredinChinaisthatpeopleassociateitwith

,however,doesnotalwaysreprent

henameofthedeadwereusuallywritteninredinthepast,

itisregardedasanoffentowritedownthenameofaChineinredink.

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