音标读音

1、英语音标发音表之五兆芳芳创作

英语国际音标共48个音素，其中元音音素20个，子音音素28个.对于初学者来

说，若采取集中教学，要学会48个音素的发音并区别开.确实不容易.笔者对音标

的教学采取了相对集中的办法，即从字母名称教学过渡到部分音标教学.

国际音标（英语语音）

元音

单元音

前元音[i:][i][e][æ]

中元音[ʌ][ə:][ə]

后元音[u:][u][ɔ:][ɔ][a:]

双元音

开合双元音[ei][ai][ɔi][əu][au]

集中双元音[iə][εə][uə]

子音

爆破音

清子音[p][t][k]

浊子音[b][d][g]

摩擦音

清子音[f][s][ʃ][θ][h]

浊子音[v][z][ʒ][ð]

破擦音

清子音[tʃ][tr][ts]

浊子音[dʒ][dr][dz]

鼻音（浊子音）[m][n][ŋ]

舌则音（浊子音）[l][r]

半元音（浊子音）[w][j]

英语语音名词解释：

1．音节以元音为主体组成的发音单位，一般说来元音发音响亮，可以组成音节，

子音发音不响亮，不克不及单独组成音节（[m][n][][l]例外）.从单词拼写

形式上看，有几个元字组就有几个音节.

2．音节的划分①在重读音节和非重读音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时，一个辅字

组属于前面的音节，一个属于前面的音节.

例如：let-termem-berchil-drendaugh-ter

②在重读和非重读音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时，如果前面重读音节里的元音

是长音则辅字组属于前面一个音节，如果重读音节里的元音是短音，则辅字组属

于重读音节.

例如：长音pa-perstu-dentfa-therze-romo-torfar-ther

短音v-enstud-ymoth-erver-ymod-leweath-er0-02

3．重读音节单词中读音特别响亮的音节.用音标标识表记标帜双音节、多音节词

的读音时，应使用重读符号.单音节词多数是重读音节，标识表记标帜读音时不需

要使用重读符号.

4．开音节①绝对开音节：单个元音字母前面没有辅字组的重读音节.例如：no

blueba-bystu-dent-cret

②相对开音节：单个元音字母前面加单个子音字母，再加一个不发音字母e组成

的重读音节.例如：namethebikehomeexcu

五个元音字母在开音节中发长音[e][i:][a][u][ju:]

5．闭音节单个元音字母前面有辅字组（rwy除外）且以辅字组结尾的重读音

节.例如：bageggfishnotcup

6．双音节词重读法则双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节.

例如：stu-dentChi-nac-ondau-tumn

含有a-be-de-re-in-ex-等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读.双

音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而产生改动.例如：

aboutbeforeexcurepairforget-fulinven-tor0-06

7．多音节词重读法则多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读.

例如：el-e-phantcon-grat-ula-tion

词尾有-ic或-tion,-sion的词，在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读.例

如：scientificimpressionnation

48个国际音标的发音—元音：

[i:]嘴唇微微张开，舌尖抵下齿，嘴角向两边张开，露出微笑的脸色，与字母E

的发音相同.

[i]嘴唇微微张开，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部抬高，嘴形扁平.

[ə:]嘴形扁平，上下齿微开，舍身平放，舌中部稍稍抬高.

[ə]嘴唇微微张开，舌身放平，舌中部微微抬起，口腔自然抓紧发声.

[ɔ:]双唇收得小而圆，并向前突出，舌身往后缩.

[ɔ]口腔打开，嘴张大，舌头向后缩，双唇稍收圆.

[u:]嘴形小而圆，微微外突，舌头尽量后缩.

[u]嘴唇张开略向前突出，嘴形稍收圆并抓紧些，舌头后缩.

[ɑ:]口腔打开，嘴张大，舌身放平，舌尖不抵下齿，下巴放低，抓紧发音.

[ʌ]嘴唇微微张开，伸向两边，舌尖轻触下齿，舌后部稍稍抬起.

[æ]嘴张大，嘴角尽量拉向两边，成扁平形，舌尖抵下齿.

[e]嘴形扁平，舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起.

[ei]由[e]和[i]两个单音组成，[e]重读，[i]轻读，口形由半开到合，字母A就

发这个音.

[ai]由[a]和[i]两个单音组成，[a]重读，[i]轻读，口形由开到合，与字母I的

发音相同.

[ɔi]由[ɔ]和[i]两个单音组成，[ɔ]重读，[i]轻读，口形由圆到扁，由开到合.

[au]由[a]和[u]两个单音组成，[a]重读，[u]轻读，口型由大到小.

[əu]由[ə]和[u]两个单音组成，[ə]重读，[u]轻读，口形由半开到小，与字母O

的发音相同.

[iə]由[i]和[ə]两个单音组成，[i]重读，[ə]轻读，双唇始终半开.

[eə]由[e]和[ə]两个单音组成，[e]重读，[ə]轻读，舌端抵下齿，双唇半开.

[uə]由[u]和[ə]两个单音组成，[u]重读，[ə]轻读，双唇由收圆到半开.

48个国际音标的发音—子音：

[p]双唇紧闭，然后快速张开，让气流冲出口腔，收回爆破音，但声带不振动.

[b]双唇紧闭，然后快速张开，让气流冲出口腔，收回爆破音，但声带需振动.

[t]舌尖抵上齿龈，憋住气，然后突然弹开舌尖，让气流从口腔喷出，但声带不振

动.

[d]舌尖抵上齿龈，憋住气，然后弹开舌尖，让气流从口腔中喷出，但声带需振动.

[k]舌后部抵住软腭，憋住气，然后突然间离开，将气送出来，想咳嗽一样，但声

带不震动.

[ɡ]舌后部抵住软腭，憋住气，然后突然间离开，将气送出来，但声带需振动.

[s]双唇微微张开，舌头自然抓紧，气流从上下齿隙间送出，但声带不振动.

[z]双唇微微张开，舌头自然抓紧，气流从上下齿隙间送出，但声带需振动.

[ʃ]双唇收圆并稍微突出，舌尖接近上齿龈，送气，声带不振动.

[ʒ]双唇收圆并稍微突出，舌头稍微上卷，舌尖接近上齿龈，送气，但声带需振动.

[tʃ]双唇略微张开突出，舌尖抵住上齿龈，用力吐气，声带不振动.

[dʒ]双唇略微张开突出，舌尖抵住上齿龈，用力吐气，但声带需振动.

[f]上齿轻轻接触下唇，然后吹气，让气流从唇齿间通过，形成摩擦，但声带不振

动.

[v]上齿轻轻接触下唇，然后吹气，让气流从唇齿间通过，形成摩擦，但声带需振

动.

[θ]舌尖微微伸出，上下齿轻轻咬住舌尖，送气，但声带不振动.

[ð]上下齿轻轻咬住舌尖，送气，但声带需振动.

[ts]舌尖先抵住上齿，堵住气流，使气流从舌尖和齿龈间送出，声带不振动.

[dz]舌尖先抵住上齿，堵住气流，使气流从舌尖和齿龈间送出.

[tr]双唇收圆向前突出，舌尖上翘抵住上齿龈，采纳伐[r]的姿势，声带不振动.

[dr]双唇收圆向前突出，舌尖上翘抵住上齿龈，采纳伐[r]的姿势，但声带振动.

[h]嘴唇自然张开，自然呵气，声带不振动.

[r]舌尖向上卷起，舌头不要接触任何部位，双唇稍微突出，声带振动.

[l]舌尖抵住上齿龈，舌尖轻微用力弯曲，气流从舌的旁边送出.

—鼻音

[m]双唇紧闭，舌头平放，气流从鼻腔送出，声带振动.

[n]双唇微开，舌尖抵上齿龈，气流从鼻孔里出来，声带振动.

[ŋ]双唇张开，舌尖抵上齿龈，气流从鼻腔送出，声带振动.

—子音

[w]双唇缩小并向前突出，舌后部抬起，嘴慢慢向两边滑开.

[j]嘴形成微笑状，舌尖抵住下齿，舌面贴住上颚，声带需振动.

弃我去者，昨日之日不成留

乱我心者，今日之日多烦忧

48个国际音标表

元

音

12个单元音

长元音[i:][][][u:][a:]

短元音[i][][][u][][e][]

8个双元音[ai][ei][i][i][][][u][au]

辅

音

10

对

清子

音

[p][t][k][f][s][][∫][][tr][ts]

浊子

音

[b][d][g][v][z][][][][dr][dz]

3个鼻音[m][n][]

3个似拼音[h][r][l]

2个半元音[w][j]

/i/--发音要领的是：舌尖抵下齿，舌前部抬高，舌两侧抵上齿两侧，口形偏平.

/i:/--发音要领是发音时舌尖抵下齿，前舌尽量抬高、舌位高于/i/：口形扁平.

/e/--发音时舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起，舌位比/i:/低；唇形中常，开口度比

/i:/大.

//--发音时舌尖抵下齿；舌前部稍抬高，舌位比/e/更低；双唇平伸，成扁平形.

//--//是长元音.发音时口张大，舌身压低并后缩，后舌稍隆起，舌尖不抵下齿.

双唇稍收圆.

//--发音时口张大，舌身尽量下降并后缩，双唇稍稍收圆.

//--它是长元音.发音时舌后部抬得比//即美式//美式//高，双唇收得更圆更

小，并向前突出.

/u/--发音时舌后部抬起，舌身后缩，舌尖离开下齿.双唇收圆，稍突出.

//--发音时舌后部尽量抬起，舌位比/u/即美式读音//英式读音//高.双唇收圆

并突出.口形比/u/////稍小.

//--发音时舌尖和舌端两侧轻触下齿，舌后部靠前部分稍抬起，唇形稍扁，开口

度较大，与//相似.

//--//是长元音.发音时舌中部比发//音时略高.双唇扁平.

//--//是读短元音.发音时舌身平放，舌中部略隆起，双唇扁平.

/ei/--先发/e/音，然后滑向/i/音.双唇稍扁，口形从半开到合.

//--它由元音//滑向后元音/u/即美音和英音的//，舌位由半低到高，口形由

半开到小.注意将音发足.

/ai/--/ai/为双元音.先发/a/音，然后滑向/i/音.舌尖抵住下齿.发此音的关头是

要把/a/音发足，注意从开到合的滑动.

/au/--/au/或//由/a/滑向/u///.舌位由低到高，口形由大到小.注意将音发足.

/i/--发音时双唇从圆到扁，口形从开到合.发好这个音的关头是首先要把后元音

/a/////发足，然后滑向/i/音.

/i/--其发音要领是从/i/音滑向//音，美音则滑向/r/音.前面的/i/发得较清

楚，前面的//或/r/较弱.双唇始终半开.此音一定要发足.

//--其发音办法是从///e/音滑向//音.发间时舌端抵下齿，前舌略抬起，双唇

半开，此音中的//有似于/e/音，//音较轻.

/u/--发音时，嘴唇从收圆到半开.发好这个音的关头是首先要把/u///音发足，

然后滑向//音.

/p//b/--/p/是p的发音，/b/是b的发音.双唇爆破子音.发音时双唇紧闭，憋住

气，然后突灰分隔，气流冲出口腔，收回爆破音./p/是清子音，声带不振动；/b/

是浊子音，声带振动.

/t//d/--/t/是t的发音，/d/是d的发音.舌齿爆破子音.发音时舌尖抵上齿龈，

憋住气，然后突然分隔，使气流冲出口腔，收回爆破音./t/是清子音，声带不振

动；/d/是浊子音，声带振动.

/k///--/k/是字母k和字母c的发音，//是字母g的读音.舌后软颚爆破子音.

发音时舌后部隆起紧贴软颚，憋住气，然后突然分隔，气流送出口腔，形成爆破

音./k/是清子音，声带不振动；//是浊子音，声带振动.

/f//v/--/f/是f和ph的发音，/v/是v的发音.唇齿摩擦子音.发音时下唇轻触

上齿，气流由唇齿间通过，形成摩擦音./f/是清子音，声带不振动；/v/是浊子

音，声带振动.

////--////是th的发音.舌齿摩擦子音.发音时舌尖轻触上齿背，气流由舌齿

间送出，形成摩擦音.//是清子音，声带不振动；//是浊子音，声带振动.

/s//z/--/s//z/是s的发音，/z/又是z的发音.舌齿摩擦子音.发音时舌端靠近

齿龈，气流由舌端齿龈间送出，形成摩擦音./s/是清子音，声带不振动；/z/是浊

浦音，声带振动.

/∫///--/∫/是sh的发音，//是s的发音.舌端齿龈后部摩擦子音.发音时舌端

靠近齿龈后部，舌身抬起靠近上鄂，双唇稍收圆并略突出.气流通过期形成摩擦

音./∫/是清子音，声带不振动；//是浊子音，声带振动.

/h/--/h/是字母h的发音.声门摩擦子音.发音时气流送出口腔，在通过声门时收

回轻微摩擦；口形随其后的元音而变更./h/是清子音，声带不振动.

/m/--/m/是m的发音.双唇鼻子音.发音时软颚下垂，双唇紧闭，气流从鼻腔送出.

/n/--/n/是n的发音.舌尖齿龈鼻子音.发音时舌尖抵上齿龈，软颚下垂，气流从

鼻腔送出.

//--//是ng的发音.舌后软颚鼻子音.发音时软颚下垂，堵住口腔通道，气流从

鼻腔送出.声带振动.

/w/--/w/是w的发音.舌后软颚半元音.发音时舌后部向软颚抬起，舌位高.双唇收

小并向前突出，声带振动.发音短促，立刻滑向其后的元音.

/l/--/l/是l的发音.舌端齿龈边子音.发音时舌尖及舌端紧贴上齿龈，舌前向硬

颚抬起，气流从舌的旁边送出.当此音为尾音时，将舌端抵住上齿龈，舌前下限，

舌后上抬，舌面形成凹形.浊子音、声带振动.

/r/--/r/是r的发音.舌尖齿龈(后部)摩擦子音.发音时舌尖卷起，靠近上齿龈后

部.舌两侧稍收扰.双唇略突出.气流通过舌尖和齿龈形成轻微摩擦.浊子音，声带

振动.

/j/--/j/传统的国际音标的读音符号该音是国音字母y在词首的读音，是舌

前硬颚半元音.发音时舌前部向硬颚尽量抬起，舌位较高，双唇伸展成扁平状.它

是个浊子音，声带振动.

//--//是ch的发音，//是dge的发音.舌端齿龈破擦子音.发音时舌身抬高，

舌端抵上齿龈后部，气流通过期收回破擦音.//是清子音，声带不振动；//是浊

子音，声带振动.

/ts//dz/传统的国际音标读音符号，新课本中美式、英式读音都没将其包含在

内，破擦音/ts/、/dz/辨别是字母组合ts和ds的读音.舌端齿龈破擦子音.舌端

先贴住齿龈，堵住气流，然后略下降，气流送出口腔./ts/是清子音，/dz/是浊子

音.

/tr//dr/传统的国际音标读音符号.新课本中美式、英式读音都没将其包含在

内./tr/、/dr/辨别是tr、dr的发音.齿龈后部破擦子音.发音时舌身与/r/相似，

舌尖贴齿龈后部，气流冲破阻碍收回短促的/t/后立即发/r/./tr/是清子音，/dr/

是浊子音.

[i:]字母组合eeeaeie--threetreegreensheepmeetbeefeekeat

teameatleaveleadteacherteammeanspeakcleanpiece

[æ]发音字母a--baghandandanthappyhatmapmadbadblackbackglad

flagshallman

[e]字母组合eaea--headbreadpleasureelephantelectricrememberll

shelllessonbetterbeddeskhotelyesmanyany

[]字母组合irureareror--girlshirtskirtthirtythirteenthird

birdturnburnmurdernurturtleThursdayburgerlearnearnearth

heard

[ε]字母组合erorouaroaeu--teacherleaderrememberplayer

speakerfarmerpowderdoctoractormayorauthortractordelicious

graciouspleasurefamiliarcollardollartogethertomorrowtodaylesson

controlaroundaccountagoelephantmantabananaCanada

[a:]字母组合ara--carfarmcardarmgardenfastclasslastglass

plantauntcalm

[]发音字母uoouoo--upsupperlunchfungunhuntcupbuscomemother

dobrotherloveabovetroubleroughflourishbloodflood

[]字母组合alorauourar--smallwalltalktallhallballcallwalk

shortmorelordhorforfortysportdoorfloorstoreauthorcaught

autumnfourmourncourtboughtwarmquarrelquarter

[]发音字母oa--hotlostlotfoxboxmophoplosscollarnotwantwash

watch

[u:]字母组合ooou--foodmoonroomgloombroomdoomgootoothshoe

dotwotruetruthbluefullprude

[u]字母组合ooouuo--lookgoodfootbookwoodshouldcouldputfull

bullpullpushwomanwolf

[ei]发音字母aayeaaiey--namecakelategateplaneAprilplaysay

maywaygreatbreakrainpaintplaintheygrey

[ai]发音字母iy--bikefinefinddieninelightnighthighmytryfly

eye

[au]字母组合ouow--hououtflourgroundaccountcountsoundloud

aroundmouflowerdownnowcowhowtown

[]发音字母oowoa--homecoldgonophonehostghostknowlowbelow

growblowshowflowboatcoatgoal

[i]字母组合eerear--beerdeerearnearherefierceidea

[]字母组合earairere--pearbearchairairfairtherewherecare

[u]字母组合ourower--hourtourflowershower

[t]treetwotentontowntwentycity

[d]doordulldeskdododogdictionary

[k]kingkitekeylookcookbookkitchensky

[g]girlgoodgoalgoatgradelonglanguage

[m]manmakemoonmorningmovecomecomb

[n]pentenninefinenightnoonmoonclean

[]unclebankEnglishthinkthankjunksingkingmorning

[l]longlandlendlordflyflagblackworldcoldcouldgoalsoul

[r]readredrightrunroomwrite

[f]fiveflyfineflagfrogfogroofknifelifewifecoughlaughrough

[v]veryeveningeveneveryvoicevestof

[s]sixsitstudentsameatkissmisscascarf

[z]zoozebrazerozapclonohosuppopautho

[]thatthisthothethough

[∫]sheepshouldershipshoeshebrushwashnationattention

[h]hothophomehouhorhowwho

[w]whenwhatwherewindowwindwood

[j]yesyearyellyouyouryolkyellow

[]childchickenchinachairlunchouchcatchteach

[]agelanguagecabbagevegetablestagebridgejoyenjoyjoinJuly

Junejunk

[tr]treecountrytrytreattracktrunk

[dr]drydreamdropdrivedrink

[ts]studentsbootsboatsgoatsnuts[dz]goodswoodsmoodshoods

1元音:

1)[i:]字母组合:eeeaeie

threetreegreensheepmeetbeefeek(ee)

eatteameatleaveleadteacherteammeanspeakcleanplea(ea)

hesheme(e)

piecereceiveceiling(ie,ei)

2)[i]发音字母iye

sitpictureitislistsixmixfixfitpigbigbuildmiss

mythmanytwentyhappydictionary

defectdecidedelicious

3)发音字母a

baghandandanthappyhatmapmadbadblackbackgladflagshallman

4)[e]字母组合eaea

headbreadpleasure

elephantelectricrememberllshelllessonbetterbeddeskhotelyes

manyany

5)[ε:]字母组合irureareror

girlshirtskirtthirtythirteenthirdbird

turnburnmurdernurturtleThursdayburger

learnearnearthheard

termhernerdrve

workwormworkworld

6)[ε]字母组合erorouaroaeu

teacherleaderrememberplayerspeakerfarmerpowder

doctoractormayorauthortractor

deliciousgracious

pleasurefamiliar

collardollartogethertomorrowtodayshalloplessonWashingtoncontrolpolitearoundaccount

ago

elephantmantabananaCanadaJapanchinamenlisten

famulusSaturday

7)[a:]字母组合ara

carfarmcardarmgarden

fastclasslastglassplantauntcalm

8)[]发音字母uoouoo

upsupperlunchfungunhuntcupbus

comemotherdobrotherloveabove

troubleroughflourish

bloodflood

9)[]字母组合alorauouraraw

smallwalltalktallhallballcallwalk

shortmorelordhorforfortysportdoorfloorstore

authorcaughtautumn

fourmourncourtbought

warmquarrelquarter

drawsawflaw

10)[]发音字母oa

hotlostlotfoxboxmophoplosscollarnot

wantwash

11)[u:]字母组合ooou

foodmoonroomgloombroomdoomgootooth

shoedotwo

truetruthbluefull

12)[u]字母组合ooouu

lookgoodfootbook

shouldcould

putfullbullpullpush

womanwolf

13)[ei]发音字母aayeaaiey

namecakelategateplaneApril

playsaymayway

greatbreak

rainpaintplain

theygrey

14)[ai]发音字母iy

bikefinefinddieninelightnighthigh

mytryflyeye

15)[au]字母组合ouow

hououtflourgroundaccountcountsoundloudaroundmou

flowerdownnowcowhowtown

16)[εu]发音字母oowoa

homecoldgonophonehostghost

knowlowbelowgrowblowshowflow

boatcoatgoal

17)[]字母组合oyoi

boytoyjoy

oilsoilvoicechoice

18)[iε]字母组合eer

beerdeerearideanearherefierce

19)[]字母组合earair

pearbearchairairfaircaretherewhere

20)[uε]hourtourpoorflowershower

[ei][ai][aU][EU][Ri][i[][Z[][UE]

2容易混合的元音

[][e]

badbedhandheadmanmenlandlendpanpensadsaid

[i：][ei]

realrailgreetgreatmeanmainreadraid

[e][ai]

betbiteredwritesaidsideheadhide

[aU][]

houhorloudlordsouthsaucecloudclaunownorcountcorn

[aU][]

foundfonddowndonegowngonetownton

3子音

1)[p]penpearplaypigpourpullpush

2)[b]bookbigbootbikebreadbreak

3)[t]treetwotentontowntwentycity

4)[d]doordulldeskdododogdictionary

5)[k]kingkitekeylookcookbookkitchensky(发音字母k)

cardcatcreamcorrectclimbcomeaccountaccept(发音字母c)

foxboxoxygenx-ray(发音字母x)

schoolscheduleschema(字母组合ch)

6)[g]girlgoodgoalgoatgradelonglanguage

7)[m]manmakemoonmorningmovecomecomb

8)[n]pentenninefinenightnoonmoonclean

9)[N]unclebankEnglishthinkthankjunk

singkingmorningevening

10)[l]longlandlendlordflyflagblack

worldcoldcouldgoalsoul

11)[r]readredrightrunroomwrite

12)[f]fiveflyfineflagfrogfogroofknifelifewife（字母f）

coughlaughrough（字母gh）

physicphotophone(ph)

13)[v]veryeveningeveneveryvoicevest(字母v)

of(字母f)

14)[s]sixsitstudentsameatkissmisscascarf(发音字母s)

licencityceacedarceilingcelebrate(发音字母c)

licencepiecejuicesciencelancespaceace(字母组合ce)

15)[z]zoozebrazerozap(z)

clonohosuppopauthowho()

16)[]thinkthankthreethirtytoothmouth

17)[]thatthisthothethough

18)[]sheepshouldershipshoeshebrushwash(sh)

nationattentionstation

socialspecial

sure

19)[]pleasure

20)[h]hothophomehouhorhowwho

21)[w]whenwhatwherewindowwindwood

22)[j]yesyearyellyouyouryolkyellow

23)[]childchickenchinachairlunchouchteach(字母组合ch）

catchwatchmatch（字母组合tch)

24)[]agelanguagecabbagevegetablestagebridge

joyenjoyjoinJulyJunejunk

25)[tr]treecountrytrytreattracktrunk

26)[dr]drydreamdropdrivedrink

27)[ts]studentsbootsboatsgoatsnuts

28)[dz]goodswoodsmoodshoods

4容易混合的子音

[v][w]

vestwestvetwetvinewineverywell

[s][]

sinkthinkmassmathmissmythsortsought

[z][]

cloclothbreezebreathe

[n][]

thinthingsinsingranrangbanbangwinwing

5字母，组合音节发音纪律

1）a[ei][?][][a:][]

lateprivategradebakegrapenationstationpage

activehandbankfanparentfamilygladflag

acceptaboutaboveformativemachinecinema

fastlastglassclasspastfather

washwhatwatchwant

2）e[i:][e][i][]不发音

appreciateextremelycretshemehe

letterleftmessagegeneratepebble

decideprettypreviousresultrestore

problemprosperousstudentconfident

activetablelatewifestorelecture

3）i[ai][i]

highpricelibraryicecreamwifesizeline

fistpickchickenpianofiancécityunit

4）o[][][][][]

lodehostcoldnoteokayoldhome

lodowhowhoprove

lovesomeothermotherhoneycompany

todaytomorrowtogethercontrolcollect

losthotmockofficesofthonest

5）u[ju][u][][]

universityrefuuniqueuniverhuge

putpushpullfullbull

butbrushbucketduckbubble

supportsuggest

6）c[k][s]

countrycampcameracouragecable

cityceilingcelebratecellcea

7）g[g][][]

girlgradeglassgladebagflag

villagevegetablebridgegentlemangym

longsongsingmorningevening

8)l[l]读音不合

listenlearnlanguagecollectEnglishgorilla

worldcoldsoiltallllcoolanimal

9)n[n][]

moonnightnoodlenumber

unclehungryangryyoung

10)r[r][](美语发音)

rightreadwritegradeprogress

cardboarddoorfloorformnorth

11）y[j][i][ai]

yellowyearyellyoungyolk

universitycountryprettyhappy

dykedyingflybuybymy

12）ar[a:][][]

farmcardgardenmark

dollar

warmquarrelquarter

13)ea[i:][e][ei][]

ceaasonbreathefeaturemeatplea

breadbreastbreathmeadowweather

greatbreak

idearealize

14)ear[][]

learnearthearnheard

hearnearclearearfear

15)er[][][]

derverveherperson

teacherdriverangersinger

riouxperiencemysteriousfierce

16）ere[][]

heremereferere

there

17)ir[][ai]

shirtgirlskirt

admiredesire

18)oo[u:][u][][]

roomtoolcoolmoonnoongooffood

goodfootstoodwoodwoolcookwoodbook

bloodflood

doorfloor

19)or[][][]

shortformcornbornfor

workworldwormwordworst

tractordoctoractorctorniornator

20)oor[][]

doorfloor

moorpoorboor

21)our[][]

hourtourflourbournlour

pourcourtfourmourn

22)ou[au][][]

houmouthmousoundfound

enoughtroubletouch

deliciousgraciousprosperous

23)ow[][au]

windowmeadowknowshowlow

nowtownhowdowncow

24)[z][s]

nosuppogoloporo

mouhou

25)th[W][T]

thankthinkthoughtcloth

clothesthatthisthenthan

26)sion[][]

propulsiontensionprogressionpassion

protrusionprovisionconclusiontelevision

27)tion[][](不罕有)

stationnationtranslationattention

question

6关于语音的几个概念:

音素:音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素.

音节:由元音和子音组成的发音单位.

元音:发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分.英语中有20个元音.

子音:发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28个

子音.

开音节:1)子音+元音+子音+不发音ekitecakenamebikemaketakehomeplaneshine

2)子音+元音hehigonodobetreethreehello

闭音节:1)子音+元音+子音sitbedbadbaghothopletmadmaphead

2)元音+子音itisofinonupoutant

clothesthatthisthenthan

26)sion[][]

propulsiontensionprogressionpassion

protrusionprovisionconclusiontelevision

27)tion[][](不罕有)

stationnationtranslationattention

question

6关于语音的几个概念:

音素:音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素.

音节:由元音和子音组成的发音单位.

元音:发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分.英语中有20个元音.

子音:发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28个

子音.

开音节:1)子音+元音+子音+不发音ekitecakenamebikemaketakehomeplaneshine

2)子音+元音hehigonodobetreethreehello

闭音节:1)子音+元音+子音sitbedbadbaghothopletmadmaphead

2)元音+子音itisofinonupoutant

音标的发音法则3

1元音:

1)[i:]字母组合:eeeaeie

threetreegreensheepmeetbeefeek(ee)

eatteameatleaveleadteacherteammeanspeakcleanplea(ea)

hesheme(e)

piecereceiveceiling(ie,ei)

2)[i]发音字母iye

sitpictureitislistsixmixfixfitpigbigbuildmiss

mythmanytwentyhappydictionary

defectdecidedelicious

3)发音字母a

baghandandanthappyhatmapmadbadblackbackgladflagshallman

4)[e]字母组合eaea

headbreadpleasure

elephantelectricrememberllshelllessonbetterbeddeskhotelyes

manyany

5)[ε:]字母组合irureareror

girlshirtskirtthirtythirteenthirdbird

turnburnmurdernurturtleThursdayburger

learnearnearthheard

termhernerdrve

workwormworkworld

6)[ε]字母组合erorouaroaeu

teacherleaderrememberplayerspeakerfarmerpowder

doctoractormayorauthortractor

deliciousgracious

pleasurefamiliar

collardollartogethertomorrowtodayshalloplessonWashingtoncontrolpolitearoundaccount

ago

elephantmantabananaCanadaJapanchinamenlisten

famulusSaturday

7)[a:]字母组合ara

carfarmcardarmgarden

fastclasslastglassplantauntcalm

8)[]发音字母uoouoo

upsupperlunchfungunhuntcupbus

comemotherdobrotherloveabove

troubleroughflourish

bloodflood

9)[]字母组合alorauouraraw

smallwalltalktallhallballcallwalk

shortmorelordhorforfortysportdoorfloorstore

authorcaughtautumn

fourmourncourtbought

warmquarrelquarter

drawsawflaw

10)[]发音字母oa

hotlostlotfoxboxmophoplosscollarnot

wantwash

11)[u:]字母组合ooou

foodmoonroomgloombroomdoomgootooth

shoedotwo

truetruthbluefull

12)[u]字母组合ooouu

lookgoodfootbook

shouldcould

putfullbullpullpush

womanwolf

13)[ei]发音字母aayeaaiey

namecakelategateplaneApril

playsaymayway

greatbreak

rainpaintplain

theygrey

14)[ai]发音字母iy

bikefinefinddieninelightnighthigh

mytryflyeye

15)[au]字母组合ouow

hououtflourgroundaccountcountsoundloudaroundmou

flowerdownnowcowhowtown

16)[εu]发音字母oowoa

homecoldgonophonehostghost

knowlowbelowgrowblowshowflow

boatcoatgoal

17)[]字母组合oyoi

boytoyjoy

oilsoilvoicechoice

18)[iε]字母组合eer

beerdeerearideanearherefierce

19)[]字母组合earair

pearbearchairairfaircaretherewhere

20)[uε]hourtourpoorflowershower

[ei][ai][aU][EU][Ri][i[][Z[][UE]

2容易混合的元音

[][e]

badbedhandheadmanmenlandlendpanpensadsaid

[i：][ei]

realrailgreetgreatmeanmainreadraid

[e][ai]

betbiteredwritesaidsideheadhide

[aU][]

houhorloudlordsouthsaucecloudclaunownorcountcorn

[aU][]

foundfonddowndonegowngonetownton

3子音

1)[p]penpearplaypigpourpullpush

2)[b]bookbigbootbikebreadbreak

3)[t]treetwotentontowntwentycity

4)[d]doordulldeskdododogdictionary

5)[k]kingkitekeylookcookbookkitchensky(发音字母k)

cardcatcreamcorrectclimbcomeaccountaccept(发音字母c)

foxboxoxygenx-ray(发音字母x)

schoolscheduleschema(字母组合ch)

6)[g]girlgoodgoalgoatgradelonglanguage

7)[m]manmakemoonmorningmovecomecomb

8)[n]pentenninefinenightnoonmoonclean

9)[N]unclebankEnglishthinkthankjunk

singkingmorningevening

10)[l]longlandlendlordflyflagblack

worldcoldcouldgoalsoul

11)[r]readredrightrunroomwrite

12)[f]fiveflyfineflagfrogfogroofknifelifewife（字母f）

coughlaughrough（字母gh）

physicphotophone(ph)

13)[v]veryeveningeveneveryvoicevest(字母v)

of(字母f)

14)[s]sixsitstudentsameatkissmisscascarf(发音字母s)

licencityceacedarceilingcelebrate(发音字母c)

licencepiecejuicesciencelancespaceace(字母组合ce)

15)[z]zoozebrazerozap(z)

clonohosuppopauthowho()

16)[]thinkthankthreethirtytoothmouth

17)[]thatthisthothethough

18)[]sheepshouldershipshoeshebrushwash(sh)

nationattentionstation

socialspecial

sure

19)[]pleasure

20)[h]hothophomehouhorhowwho

21)[w]whenwhatwherewindowwindwood

22)[j]yesyearyellyouyouryolkyellow

23)[]childchickenchinachairlunchouchteach(字母组合ch）

catchwatchmatch（字母组合tch)

24)[]agelanguagecabbagevegetablestagebridge

joyenjoyjoinJulyJunejunk

25)[tr]treecountrytrytreattracktrunk

26)[dr]drydreamdropdrivedrink

27)[ts]studentsbootsboatsgoatsnuts

28)[dz]goodswoodsmoodshoods

4容易混合的子音

[v][w]

vestwestvetwetvinewineverywell

[s][]

sinkthinkmassmathmissmythsortsought

[z][]

cloclothbreezebreathe

[n][]

thinthingsinsingranrangbanbangwinwing

5字母，组合音节发音纪律

1）a[ei][?][][a:][]

lateprivategradebakegrapenationstationpage

activehandbankfanparentfamilygladflag

acceptaboutaboveformativemachinecinema

fastlastglassclasspastfather

washwhatwatchwant

2）e[i:][e][i][]不发音

appreciateextremelycretshemehe

letterleftmessagegeneratepebble

decideprettypreviousresultrestore

problemprosperousstudentconfident

activetablelatewifestorelecture

3）i[ai][i]

highpricelibraryicecreamwifesizeline

fistpickchickenpianofiancécityunit

4）o[][][][][]

lodehostcoldnoteokayoldhome

lodowhowhoprove

lovesomeothermotherhoneycompany

todaytomorrowtogethercontrolcollect

losthotmockofficesofthonest

5）u[ju][u][][]

universityrefuuniqueuniverhuge

putpushpullfullbull

butbrushbucketduckbubble

supportsuggest

6）c[k][s]

countrycampcameracouragecable

cityceilingcelebratecellcea

7）g[g][][]

girlgradeglassgladebagflag

villagevegetablebridgegentlemangym

longsongsingmorningevening

8)l[l]读音不合

listenlearnlanguagecollectEnglishgorilla

worldcoldsoiltallllcoolanimal

9)n[n][]

moonnightnoodlenumber

unclehungryangryyoung

10)r[r][](美语发音)

rightreadwritegradeprogress

cardboarddoorfloorformnorth

11）y[j][i][ai]

yellowyearyellyoungyolk

universitycountryprettyhappy

dykedyingflybuybymy

12）ar[a:][][]

farmcardgardenmark

dollar

warmquarrelquarter

13)ea[i:][e][ei][]

ceaasonbreathefeaturemeatplea

breadbreastbreathmeadowweather

greatbreak

idearealize

14)ear[][]

learnearthearnheard

hearnearclearearfear

15)er[][][]

derverveherperson

teacherdriverangersinger

riouxperiencemysteriousfierce

16）ere[][]

heremereferere

there

17)ir[][ai]

shirtgirlskirt

admiredesire

18)oo[u:][u][][]

roomtoolcoolmoonnoongooffood

goodfootstoodwoodwoolcookwoodbook

bloodflood

doorfloor

19)or[][][]

shortformcornbornfor

workworldwormwordworst