英语四级阅读理解

大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案(一)

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大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（一）

一

Therearethreekindsofgoals:short-term,medium-rangeandlong-termgoals.

Short-rangegoalsarethothatusuallydealwithcurrentactivities,whichwecan

alscanbeachievedinaweekorless,ortwoweeks,or

ldberememberedthatjustasabuildingisnostrongerthanits

foundation,outlong-termgoalscannotamounttoverymunchwithoutthe

mpletingourshort-termgoals,we

shoulddatetheoccasionandthenaddnewshort-termgoalsthatwillbuildontho

thathavebeencompleted.

mightdealwithjustonetermofschoolortheentireschoolyear,ortheycouldeven

eyoumoveastepatatime,youshouldneverallow

ompleteeachstep,youwill

ourlistofcompletion

datesgrow,yourmotivationanddesirewillincrea.

ghtcover

ldneverallowalong-termgoalto

limitusorourcourofaction.

g-termgoalsmeanalot__.

mpleteourshort-rangegoals

nnotreachsolidshort-termgoals

itedownthedates

tforwardsomeplans

rt-termgoalsarebulidupon__.

rs

-termgoals

tactivities

lsthathavebeencompleted

completeeachstepofourgoals,__.

winfinalsuccess

verwhelmed

ldbuildupconfidenceofsuccess

ldstrongdesireforttingnewgoals

rgoalsaredrawnup,__.

ldsticktothemuntilwecompletethem

hangeourgoalsaswehavenewideasandopportunities

etterwaitfortheexcitingnewsofsuccess

madegreatdecision

pliedbutnotstatedinthepassagethat___.

hohabelong-termgoalswillsucceed

gdownthedatesmaydiscourageyou

lisonlyaguideforustoreachourdesination

houldhaveagoal

大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案(一)

2/11

答案：adcbc

二

TheeconomyoftheUnitedstatesafter1952wastheeconnomyofa

well-fed,occasionalalarms,thecountryescaped

omicsurveyoftheyear

1955,atypicalyearofthe1950’s,maybetypicalasillustratingtherapideconomic

ionaloutputwasvalueat10percentabovethatof1954

(1955outputwastimatedat392billiondollars).Theproductionofmanufacturers

wasabout40percentmorethanithadaveragedintheyearsimmediatelyfollowing

ntry’sbusinessspentabout30billiondollarsfornewfactories

alincomeavailableforspendingwasalmostathirdgreater

ersspentabout256billiondollars;that

isabout700milliondollarsaday,orabouttwenty-fivemilliondollarveryhour,all

-fivemillionpeopleheldjobsandonlyalittlemorethantwo

riculturecomplainedthatitwas

obrversthiswasanominouchoofthe

mid-1920’er’sshreoftheirproductsdeclined,

therewere,amongtheobrversofthenationaleconomy,afewwhowerenotas

ewemedtofearthattheboomcouldnotlastand

wouldeventuallyleadtotheoppsite-depression.

thebesttitleofthepassage?

iculaturalTrendsof1950’s

mploymentRateof1950’s

yinthe50’s

eralBudgetof1952

4,theword“boom”couldbestbereplacedby______.

explosion

rousnoi

lpublicsupport

conomicgrowth

einferredthenationalfromthepassagethatmostpeopleintheUnited

Statesin1955viewedthenationaleconomywithanairof_________.

ence

ion

ointment

ion

fthefollowingwereLEASTsatisfiedwiththenationaleconomyin

the1950’s?

ists

s

cians

orkers

aterin

hwasit?

大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案(一)

3/11

a.60%

b.50%

c.33%

d.90%

答案：cdabc

三

Womenarealsounderreprentedintheadministrationandthisisbecauthere

1985,RegentBerylMilburnproducedareport

blastingtheUniversityofTexasSystemadminitrationfornotencouraging

1987

update,Milburncommendedtheprogressthatwasmadeandcalledforevenmore

improvement.

OneofthepositiveresultsfromherstudywasaSystem-wideprogramtoinform

womenofavailableadministrativejobs.

CollegeofCommunicationAssociateDeanPatricaWitherspoon,saiditis

importantthatwomanbeflexiblewhenitcomestorelocatingiftheywanttoriin

theranks.

Althoughawomanmayfaceachillyclimateoncampus,manytimesinorder

forhertosucceed,shemustriabovetheproblemsaroundherandconcentrateon

herwork.

Untilwomenmakeupagreaterpercentageoftheniorpositionsinthe

Universityandallacademia,inequitieswillexist.

"Womenneedtospendtheirenergiesandtimedoingscholarlyactivitiesthatare

importanthereattheUniversity."Spirdusosaid."Iftheydothatwillbesuccessfulin

spendtheirtimeinlittlegroupsmourningthexualdiscrimination

thattheythinkexistshere,theyarewastingvaluablestudytime."

ingtoSpirduso,womenneedto____.

eareportonxualdiscrimination

rfurtherimprovementintheirworkingconditions

heirenergiesandtimefightingagainstxualdiscrimination

oretimeandenergydoingscholarlyactivities

ispassage,weknowthat_____.

remanywomenfullprofessorsintheUniversityofTexas

layanimportantpartinadminitratingtheUniversity

theronthecampusischilly

akeupasmallpercentageoftheniorpositionsintheUniversity

fthefollowingstatementsistrue?

berofwomenprofessorsintheUniversityin1987wasgreaterthan

thatof1985

berofwomenprofessorsintheUniversityin1987wassmallerthan

thatof1985

berofwomenprofessorswasthesameasthatof1985

dmorewomenprofessorsthoughtthatxualdiscriminationdidexitin

theUniversity

大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案(一)

4/11

hepositiveresultsfromMilburn'sstudywasthat_____.

eretoldtoconcentrateonteirwork

eregiveninformationaboutavailableadministrativejobs

ereencouragedtotakeonalltheadministrativejobsintheUnversity

ereencouragedtodomorescholarlyactivities

leforthispassageshouldbe_______.

versityofTexas

n'sReport

rofessors

DiscriminationinAcademia

答案：ddabd

四

Today,asineveryotherdayoftheyear,entswill

smo

theirlifetime,itcanbeexpectedthatofthe3000about23willbemurdered,30will

dieintrafficaccidents,andnearly750willbekilledbyasmoking-relateddia.

Thenumberofdeathsattributedtocigarettesmokingoutweithtsallotherfactors,

whethervoluntaryorinvoluntary,asacauofdeath.

Sincethelate1970s,whendailysmokingamonghighschoolniorsreached30

precent,hedeclineis

impressive,veralimportantissuesmustberaid.

First,inthepastveralyears,smokingratesamongyouthhavedeclinedvery

,inthelate1970s,smokingamongmalehighschoolniorxceeded

,veral

recentstudieshaveindicatehighschooldropoutshaveexcessivelyhighsmokingrates,

asmuchas75percent.

Finally,thouthsignificantdeclinesinadolescentsmokinghaveoccurredinthe

pastdecade,thiscontext,theNaional

CancerInstiute(NCI)beganitscurrentefforttodeterminethemosteffecivemeasures

toreducesmokingleveslamongyouth.

ingtotheauthor,thedeathsamongyoutharemainlycaudby_____.

caccidents

g-relateddea

he

aythereareover_____highschoolstrdentswhowillbecomeregular

smoker.

a.75b.23c.30d.3000

"dropout"theauthormeans______.

tswhofailedtheexamination

tswholeftschool

tswholosttheirway

tswhoweredrivenoutofschool

sonfordecliningadolescentsmokingisthat________.

大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案(一)

5/11

takeneffectivemeasures

gispreventedamonghighschoolniors

remanysmokerswhohavediedofcancer

the

impliedbutnotstatedbytheauthoristhat________.

gratesamongyouthhavedeclinedverylittle

renowmorefemalethanmalesmokersamonghighschoolniors

okingratesareduetotheinceainwealth

gathighschoolarefromlowsocio-economicbackgrounds

答案：bdbdb

五

ghscience

hasmadeenormousstepsinmakingfoodmorefittoeat,ithas,atthesametime,made

archhasshownthatperhapightypercentofall

humanillnessarerelatedtodietandfortypercentofcancerisrelatedtothedietas

well,entculturesaremorelikelytocaucertain

differod

1945,about35yearsago,government

rearchersrealizedthatnitrates,commonlyudtoprervecolorinmeats,andother

foodadditivies,,thecarcinogenicadditivesremaininourfood,

anditbecomesmoredifficultallthetimetoknowwhichthingsonthepackaging

itiveswhichweeatarenotall

softengivepenicillintobeefandlivinganimals,andbecauof

this,messimilardrugsare

giventoanimalsnotformedicalpurpos,mersare

simplytryingtofattentheanimalsinordertoobtainahigherpriceonthemarket.

AlthoughtheFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)hastriedrepeatedlytocontrol

theprocedures,thepracticescontinue.

thebestpossibletitleofthepassage?

dFood

andHealth

dHealth

andDrug

fthefollowingstatementsisNOTture?

realwaysgiventoanimalsformedicalreasons

theadditivesinourfoodareaddedtothefooditlfandsomeare

giventothelivinganimals

chershaveknownaboutthepotentialdangersoffoodadditivesforover

thirty-fiveyears.

ycaufortypercentofcancerinworld.

sciencedonesomethingharmfultomankind?

eofscience,diascaudbypollutedfoodhavenbeenvirtually

eliminated.

audalackofinformationconcerningthevalueoffood.

大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案(一)

6/11

eoftheapplicationofscience,somepotentiallyharmfulsubstanceshave

beenaddedtofood.

entistshaveprervedthecolorofmeats,butnotofvegetables.

enitratesudfor?

erveflavorinpackagedfoods.

ervethecolorofmeats.

etheobjectsofrearch.

utheanimalstobecomefatter.

d'carcinogenic'mostnearlymeans'_____'.

e-making

-retaining

-making

-causing

答案：cacbd

Whatisyourfavouritecolour?Doyoulikeyellow,orange,red?Ifyoudo,you

mustbeanoptimist,aleader,anactivepersonwhoenjoyslife,peopleandexcitement.

Doyouprefergreysandblues?Thenyouareprobablyquiet,shy,andyouwould

t,thisiswhatpsychologists

tellus,andtheyshouldknow,becautheyhavebeenriouslystudyingthemeaning

ofcolourspreference,

tellsus,amongotherfacts,thatwedonotchooourfavouriteclouraswegrow

appentolovebrown,youdidso,as

soonasyouopenedyoureyes,oratleastassoonasyoucouldeclearly.

wroom

makesmostpeoplefeelmorecheerfulandmorerelaxedthanadarkgreenone;anda

therhand,black

bridgeovertheThamesRiver,nearLondon,udtobethe

sceneofmoresuicidesthananyotherbridgeinthearea----untilitwasrepainter

berofsuicideattemptsimmediatelyfellsharply;perhapsitwouldhave

fallenevenmoreifthebridgehadbeendoneinpinkorbabyblue.

establishedfactthatfactoryworkersworkbetter,harder,andhavefeweraccidents

whentheirmachinesarepaintedorangeratherthanblackorgrey.

1."Youwouldratherfollowthanred"means_______.

'tliketofollowothers

ldbeamemberratherthanaleader

ldbeafraidoffollowingothers

ldliketobealeaderratherthanafollower

njoyslife,oneissuretoprefer________.

ellow

orange

rey

大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案(一)

7/11

yellow

3."Theytellus,amongotherfacts,thatwedon'tchooourfavouritecoloursas

wegrowup.""Amongotherfacts"means______.

sotherfacts

rdtootherfacts

sideringotherfacts

ingtootherfacts

fthefollowingisfacts?

'spreferenceofonecolourtoanotherisinstinct

'spreferenceofonecolourtoanotherisacquiredastheygrowup.

oplehappentolovebrownbecautheysawsomethingbrownwhen

theywereborn

shavelittleinfluenceonourmoods

hocommittedsuicidepreferredthebridgeovertheThamesRivernear

londontoothersbecauof_______.

pe

ucture

our

ldingmaterials

答案：bcaac

十二

whichwereconsidered

ewyearsago,itwasconsidered

hothoughtofhimlfby

smokingwhenaladywasinaroom.

anwalkontheleftorthe

rightofawomaninyourcountry?Ordoesn'titmatter?Shouldyouubothhands

whenyouareeating?Shouldleaveoneinyourlap,oronthetable?

TheAmericansandtheBritishnotonlyspeakthesamelanguagebutalsosharea

mple,inbothAmericaandEnglandpeople

,mostEnglishmenwill

openadoorforawonmanoroffertheirattoawoman,andsowillmostAmericans.

,ifadinner

invitationisfor7o'clock,thedinnerguesteitherarrivesclotothattimeorcallsup

toexplainhisdelay.

Theimportantthingtorememberaboutsocialcustomsisnottodoanythingthat

mightmakeotherpeoplefeeluncomfortable-----especiallyiftheyareyourguests.

Whenthefoodwasrved,

otherguestswereamudorshocked,butthehostcalmlypickeduphisknifeand

dhavebeenbadmannerstomakehisguestfeel

foolishoruncomfortable.

asacceptedadinnerinvitation,whatshouldhedoifheistobelatefor

thedinner?

ldfindanexcu

大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案(一)

8/11

ldadkforexcu.

ldsaysorry

ldtelephonetoexplainhisbeinglate.

2."Itwouldhavebeenbadmannerstomakehisguestsfeelfoolishor

uncomfortable.""Badmanners"means________.

est

te

ul

fthefollowingdoyouthinkisthebesttiltleforthispassage?

CustomsandCustoms

Life

anandBritishCustoms

nessIsImportant

ingtothetext,thebesthost_______.

isbesttomakehisguestsfeelcomfortable

isguestsfeelexcited

oavoidbeingnaughtytohisguests

oavoidbeingfoolish

horofthisarticlemayagreewithwhichofthefollowing?

stwhoatehispeaswithaknife

erguestswhowereamudorshocked

twhopickeduphisknifeandbeganeatinginthesameway

theabove

答案：dcaac

十三

NewOrleans,Louisiana,wastablishedaspartoftheFrenchEmpirein1718.

ItslocationontheeastbankoftheMississippiRivergaveitcontrolofthe

transferredfromFrancetoSpain,returnedtoFrance,andfinallysoldbyNapoleonto

ywasthesiteofafamousbattlefoughtin1815

betweentheBritish,whohopedtocontrolit,andtheAmericansunderGeneralAnd

rewJackson.

TheriverbedoftheMississippiisconstantlysiltingandtheriverisnowactually

holdbacktheriverandgiantpumpsareudtomove

waterfromthecityintotheriver.

AlthoughNewOrleanshaasbeenapartoftheUnitedStatesforalmosttwo

centuries,anastillretains

partsoftheCodeNapoleonwhich,formmanyyears,wasitsonlylaw.

NewOrleansiscarefreecityanditboastsitshot,spicyCreoleafoodandits

ksonSquareneighborhoodmaintainsitsFrench

rsare

surpridtofindthatbehindthisinterestingfacadeofyesteryear,isabusyindustrial

ndcoalcomefromtheMidwestandforeighcargoesare

大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案(一)

9/11

eansisnolongerasleepySoutherntown----butit'sstillfunto

visit.

countsfortheleveesandpumpsinNewOrleans?

sissippifrequentlyfloodsthecity.

erbedhasraidinthepast200years.

rentialrainsfloodthecityfrequently.

hhumiditycannototherwibecomtrolled.

tleofNewOrleanswasfoughtbyjacksonagainst______.

n

th

eNapoleonwas_______.

ementtollLouisiana

flaws

lan

arycodeforthearmy

fthefollowingelementsdoesnotapplytotheattiudeofthe

inhabitantsofNewOrleans?

ntheirFrenchheritage.

etoretainpicturesquecolonialbuildings.

altoengageintradeandcommerce

ingofDixielandJazz.

tsvisitingNewOrleansaresurpridtoencounter_____.

food

andjazz

ngcity

ticcolonialhomes

答案：bbbcc

十四

TheUnitedStatesisonthevergeoflosingitsleadingplaceintheworld's

hereasonsforthis

istsandengineers.

Since1976,endis

r,thetrendshowsthatthenumberof22-year-olds--the

raddingtotheproblemisthe

increadcompetitionforthecandidatesfromother

fields-law,medicine,business,enceand

engineeringdeclines,eignnationalsisincreasingrapidly.

Ourinabilitytomotivatestudentstopursuescienceandengineeringcareersat

thegraduateleveliscompoundedbecauoftheintendemandindustryhasfor

brightBachelor'sandMaster'en,ates,

confrontingthecostandfinancialsacrificeofpursuingtheireducation,findthe

attractionofindustryirresistible.

大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案(一)

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metoloitsleadingplaceintechnologyprobablybecau

________.

holdersisdeclining

berofscientistsandengineersisdecreasing

berof22-year-ildsisdeclining

istsandengineersarenotemployed

ldofscienceandengineeringisfacingacompetitionfrom________.

logy

nnationals

eldsaslaw,medicineandbusiness

aduates

-scaleenterprisnowneed_______.

graduatesandpostgraduates

entions

edtechnology

ers

becau

_________.

enotencouragedtobeengagedinscience

s

vefinancialdifficulties

llspendmuchtimeandenergycompletingPH.D.

ates"findtheattractionofindustryirresistible"meansthat

_________.

ndindustryisattractingmoreandmorecollegestudents

n'tthinktheycanpreventthemlvesfromworkingforindustry

nnotresistanyattractionfromallsides

nnotworkforindustryanylonger

答案：bcadb

十五

Newdays,hangesforetella

erwillanation'spoliticalinfluencebe

,militaryeffectiveness

iticalinfluenceisalsocloly

'softensaidthatwithoutitsmilitarytheSoviet

standardofopwerandinfluence

thativolvingnowplacesmoreemphasisontheabilityofacountrytocompete

effectivelyintheeconomicmarketsoftheworld.

cessinshapingworld

eventsoverthepast40yearshasbeenthedirectresultofourabilitytoadapt

technologyandtotakeadvantageofthecapabilitiesofourpeopleforthepurpoof

ustrialprowessovermostofthisperiodwasunchallenged.

Itisironicthatitisjustthisprowessthathanabledothercountriestoprosperandin

turntothreatenourindustrialleadership.

大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案(一)

11/11

ThecompetitivenessofAmerica'sindustrialbaisanissuebiggerthanthe

DepartmentofDefenandisgoingtorequiretheeffortsofthemajorinstitutional

forcesinoursociety-government,industry,nottosaythatthe

simplycannotbe,norshouldwebe,lookeduponbyothersasthesaviorofAmerican

industry.

tion'spoliticalinfluencedependson_________.

engthofitsmilitaryforces

litytocompeteinindustry

icmarkets

ndb

ietUnionwasnotlistedasathird-worldnationjustbecauof

_________.

erfulmilitaryforces

tland

ustrialcompetitiveness

tributionstoworldpeace

horindicatesthat______isthreateningAmericanpoliticalpower.

ountries

rialba

andardformeasuringpower

vancedtechnology

asucceededinshapingworldeventsoverpast40yearsprobably

becauof___________.

litytoadapttechnology

litytotakeadvantageofthecapabilitiesofitspeople

litytocompeteintheworldmarkets

ndb

poofwritingthisarticleis__________.

thereaders'attentiontoanewstandardformeasuringpower

nstrateAmericanpoliticalinfluenceintheworld

asizethateffortsmustbemadetostrengthenthedecliningU.S.

industrialba

Americanindustrialprowess

答案：dabdc