unit8

一(每小题：1分)

Directions:Fillintheblanksinthefollowingpassagebylectingsuitablewordsfromtheword

rdcanbeudonlyonce.

ons1to10arebadonthefollowingpassage.

ed

rate

ent

s

Therewasatimewhenrealmencouldn'tshowmuchinterestinhowahomelookedinside

or(内部的)designwasoncesuppodtobethe

(1)exclusiveelaboraterigidconfinedprevailingevidenttendedscarcelyprocessdeliberate

r,ifyouvisit

decorationshowroomstoday,youwillfindthatitis(2)evidentelaboraterigidconfinedprevailing

evidenttendedscarcelyprocessdeliberateexclusivestimulatedconfidentdevoteinevitably

devicesthatsomethinghaschanged.

Men'sinterestbegantoshiftindoorswhenmoderntechnologybecame(3)prevailingelaborate

rigidconfinedprevailingevidenttendedscarcelyprocessdeliberateexclusivestimulated

confisalso

(4)stimulatedelaboraterigidconfinedprevailingevidenttendedscarcelyprocessdeliberate

exclusivestimulatedconfidentdevoteinevitablydevicesmen'simaginations,andgottheminto

chen(5)devicelaboraterigidconfinedprevailingevidenttended

scarcelyprocessdeliberateexclusivestimulatedconfidentdevoteinevitablydeviceswereas

difficulttohandleascars,andguysbegantofindthemfascinating,hebedroom,that

(6)tendedelaboraterigidconfinedprevailingevidenttendedscarcelyprocessdeliberate

exclusivestimulatedconfidentdevoteinevitablydevicestobethelastprerve(专利)ofthewife.

However,(7)elaborateelaboraterigidconfinedprevailingevidenttendedscarcelyprocess

deliberateexclusivestimulatedconfidentdevoteinevitablydevicesbedsthatpromidabetter

night'ssleepsoonbecameapopulartopicacrossthecountry,and(8)inevitabiyelaboraterigid

confinedprevailingevidenttendedscarcelyprocessdeliberateexclusivestimulatedconfident

devoteinevitablydevicesattractedagreatdealofattentionfrommen.

Therolesofmenandwomenhavechangedandthere'saless(9)rigidelaboraterigidconfined

prevailingevidenttendedscarcelyprocessdeliberateexclusivestimulatedconfidentdevote

inevitablydevicesdivisionbetweenwho'sontopatworkandwhorulesthehome,sothat,today,

nandwomenwork,both(10)devote

elaboraterigidconfinedprevailingevidenttendedscarcelyprocessdeliberateexclusive

stimulatedconfidentdevoteinevitablydevicestheirattentionandenthusiasmtohomeinterior

andbothehomeasapeacefulplace.

ons11to20arebadonthefollowingpassage.

te

ed

ping

Whatismeditation(冥想)?MeditationcanbetracedtothetimewhentheBuddha(佛),monks

(僧侣)(11)retreatedrelieveprocessstrainsustainedretreatedmoderateenrichenhancerelief

accessrestrainreverddeliberateinnerworshipingintoforestsandmountainstothinkquietly

aboutthetruthoftheBuddha'tionemsnotonlytohelpmonksin

(12)worshipingrelieveprocessstrainsustainedretreatedmoderateenrichenhancerelief

accessrestrainreverddeliberateinnerworshipingtheBuddha,butcanalsobenefitordinary

people.

Meditationisaskill–askillofconscious,eadyhavepartofthisskill

–whatkeepsyoustresdisyourabilitytopay(13)sustainedrelieveprocessstrainsustained

retreatedmoderateenrichenhancereliefaccessrestrainreverddeliberateinnerworshiping

rmeditationpracticecan(14)relieverelieve

processstrainsustainedretreatedmoderateenrichenhancereliefaccessrestrainreverd

inbylearningtopay(15)deliberate

relieveprocessstrainsustainedretreatedmoderateenrichenhancereliefaccessrestrainreverd

deliberateinnerworshipingattentiontosomethingpleasantandrelaxing,andinterruptand(16)

restrainrelieveprocessstrainsustainedretreatedmoderateenrichenhancereliefaccessrestrain

llturnaroundtheeffects

ally,meditationcanimproveyourhealth,(17)enhancerelieveprocessstrain

sustainedretreatedmoderateenrichenhancereliefaccessrestrainreverddeliberateinner

worshipingyourcreativity,andevenslowdowntheaging(18)processrelieveprocessstrain

sustainedretreatedmoderateenrichenhancereliefaccessrestrainreverddeliberateinner

worshiping.

Manypeoplewhomeditateregularlyfeelthatitsbenefitsgowellbeyondthe(19)reliefrelieve

processstrainsustainedretreatedmoderateenrichenhancereliefaccessrestrainreverd

elthatmeditationhanabledthemtoconnect

witha(n)(20)innerrelieveprocessstrainsustainedretreatedmoderateenrichenhancerelief

accessre

connectionhasgreatlyenrichedtheirlives.

二．Part4VocabularyandStructure

(每小题：1分)

Directions:ForeachofthefollowingntencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

Choothebestonetocompleteeachntence.

irmaninsistedonhisridiculousideasandarguedsoloudlyandimpolitelyagainstall

theothersuggestionsthatmanypeople___A_____intosilence.

ted

red

iled

ted

oblemwasobrvedinsomepeopleintheirthirties,butitwasstillnot____D__in

somesixty-and-venty-year-olds.

ible

e

icant

t

'sashamethatIhavelearnedFrenchfor10yearsandyetIamunableto______B__more

thanafewntences.

'sacommonmisconceptionthatifapersonisbright,wonderfulideaswillflash_____A___

intohismind.

neously

ably

cally

iously

myemotionswereso_____B___thattheyimmediatelyndthatsomethinghad

gonewrong.

arent

ive

6._____C___,hishardworkeventuallygavehimtheresultthathehadlongdesired:He

successfullydiscoveredthecauofthedia.

dforth

light

hisrelief

then

dentstendtobecomemoreconcernedwithmattersofproperprocedure(手续)and

showanincread_______D_toreason.

diction

y

ce

cy

sonaverageamileeverydaysinceshewenttojuniorhighschool,___C_____.

erweather

erweatheris

ertheweather

eristheweather

oungmaneksnothingbutpleasure,hewillachievenothing____B____.

nd

r

astheteacherlefttheclassroom,thenewcomerwassurroundedbytheotherpupils

andwasshowered______A__questions.

ern-daycookie,asweknowit,____B____about200yearsago,withthe

introductionofteaandcoffeeintoEurope.

shape

tobeing

to

darmscanshow______B__patience,displeasure,orjudgment—anyofwhichwould

preventpeoplefromopeningup.

of

f

gof

rof

sarulethatapplies____C____theclothesyouwearduringyourinterview:Youshould

looklikeyoubelongthere.

mostsuccessfulifthetwopeoplehavebothphysicalandmental_____A___.

ibility

s

n

heamazingannualfigureofsixmillionvisitorstothisfamoustouristattraction,

out-of-towntourists____A____nomorethanaquarter.

tute

t

uct

n

n-profitorganization'saimisto____C____thequalityoflifeandemploymentoptions

ofpersonswithdisabilities.

e

e

e

ate

programscanhelphighschoolgirlslearnhowto______D__anactive,healthylifestyle

intotheirbusystudyschedule.

ret

ct

ere

rate

nusualforawritertobeabletoproducefilmsonhisworks,and___D_____fewfilm

directorswerewritersintheirownright.

y

ly

ly

ly

eAustralia'snativepeopleandblackAfricanssharesuch_____C___characteristicsas

skincolorandbodyshape,theywerewidelyassumedtobeclolyrelated.

nd

able

icial

ing

ewasaheavyblow,butwewere______A__topickupthepiecesandgetthebusiness

backonitsfeet.

ined

omed

ined

hedemandforroshaskeptdroppingoverthepastfewyears,rogrowersare

startingtollothertypesofflowerssoasto_____B___lostrosales.

ay

for

n

to

_____C___timetomakesurethatyourcompanyisingoodpositionand

worththeinvestment.

erescueteamarrivedatthevillage,theyonlyfoundhousleft______D__afterthe

earthquake.

roy

stroyed

ying

yed

causomeoneisgoodorbadatonething,itdoesnot____C____thattheperson

willalsobegoodorbadatotherthings.

e

tee

e

sconsiderable_____A___withrespecttoattitudestowardtechnology,mostlyfrom

onegenerationtoanother.

ion

ege

tion

encyPart5Readingcomprehension

(每小题：1分)

Directions:ssageisfollowedbysomequestionsor

hofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,the

bestanswertoeachquestion.

ons1to5arebadonthesamepassageordialog.

iertimestherewasatendencyfor

mannerstobecomeincreasinglyformal,18thand

19thcenturieshavinggoodmannerswasenasanimportantpartofone'ducationandsocial

class,anditwasnecessarytobetakenasaladyoragentlemantogetaheadintheworld.

Inthe20thand21stcenturies,

hostingofdinnersandothersocialgatheringsarenolongertheexclusiveprivilegeofthewealthy

elite(精英),

mannersofthesalon(沙龙)ngisa

goodindicationofthechangesinmanners,ascanbeeninthefollowingexamples.

Itissurprisingthatthewearingofhatsindoorsbymalesisonceagainbecomingacceptable.

countriesthewearingof

hatsindoorsbymaleswasonceacceptableeveninverypolitesociety,butovertheyearsthis

becameconsideredasalower-classbehaviorandwasthusdiscouragedinboththemiddleand

ngpeoplewhowearhatsindoorsdonotrealizetheyareactuallyrestarting

averyoldculturaltradition.

malesnowwearjeanson

adailybasis,ethisasasymbolicdeclarationthattheyare

nowmodernwomen,rls,likeboys,wearbaballcapsbothindoors

andoutdoors.

Sneakersandshortsarenowacceptableforeithermalesorfemalesinavarietyofnon-athletic

mpanieshaverulesrequiringinformaldresssuchasjeansorsneakerson

Fridays(called"dress-downFriday"or"casualFriday"),

thecompanies,andmanyothers,itisacceptabletocallthebossbytheirfirstnames.

esthepassagemainlytalkabout?A

sofmannersovertime.

mannersintheearliertimes.

entmannersindifferentcultures.

pmentofmannersindifferentclass.

20thand21stcenturies,_________.A

sarenotasformalasinthepast

sinapubaregettingmoreandmoreformal

clothingisagoodindicationofgoodmanners

oplenolongerbehaveformallyinsocialgatherings

ingtothepassage,"themannersofthesalon"inparagraph2mostlikelyrefersto

_____C_____.

mannersofdrinking.

almannersofdrinking.

mannersatsocialgatherings.

almannersatsocialgatherings.

ingtothepassage,nowadayswearingahatindoorscanactuallybeviewedas

____D_____.

ution

progress

ningsituation

ntotheoldtradition

ingtotheauthor,todaywearinghatsindoors,andwearingjeansatworkmainlyindicate

that_______C__.

renolongerinferiortomen

nolongerpayattentiontodressingdetails

aregettingmorerelaxedintermsofmanners

mpanieshavelowerrequirementsfortheiremployees

2.）Questions6to10arebadonthesamepassageordialog.

Scientistsandothersinthepsychological,sociologicalfieldshaveasrtedthathumansu

aneasierwayofunderstandingwhatthat

means.

Fingusageto

someoneputsapercentageofuonthebraintheydo

notmeanthattheother,say90percent,isnotactiveoruless.

'ssayyourbrainisastereo(立体声音响).Whenyouareusingyourstereo

olumeknob(旋钮)istata2level,thenyouarenot

gettingthesameusagewhencomparedtoturningthevolumeknobto8or10.

Sowhatscientistsaretryingtogetacrosstousiswehavealotmoreroominourcranium(头盖

骨)otevenclototappingourpotentialofbrain

power.

Thereisnophysicaldatatodetermineinclearevidencetheamountofusagethehumanbrain

r,therehasbeendatathathasshownthatpeoplehaveincreadtheirbrainpower.

oplewithautism

(自闭症),forexample,havehadtheabilitytocalculateveryhighlevelsofmathequations(方程

式)withouteverhavinglearnedhow.

ssuggestthat

eventhoughourbrainisoneasawhole,weevidentlygetproductionoutofparatepartsofthe

allheardoftherightbrain/leftbrainreferencesfor

example.

Soregardlessofhowyouwanttointerpretthebrainusagebypercentage,thefactisthatitisthe

an

upthevolumebuttonandgetthebrain

working.

theproblemmainlytalkedaboutinthispassage?C

an90percentofourbrainisnotactive.

an90percentofourbrainisnotsuitableforu.

an90percentofourbrainisnotudtothemaximum.

an90percentofourbrainuisnotknowntoscientists.

graph3,theauthor'smainpurpoisto______C___.

instructionsabouthowtobetteruastereo

edifferencebetweenvolumelevelsinastereo

understandwhywearenotfullyusingourbrains

inehowloudmusicaffectsthefunctionsofourbrains

thescientistsmeanby"wehavealotmoreroominourcraniumtofill"inParagraph

4?

sstillsomespaceforthebraintogrow.B

sstillsomepotentialinhumanbrainstoexplore.

lhavealongwaytogointhestudyofhumanbrains.

lhavedifferentopinionsabouttheproperuofourbrain.

estheauthortrytoshowwiththeexampleofpeoplewithautism?B

inhasanunlimitedamountofusage.

oplemayhavespecialmentalabilities.

inhasdifferentpartstoperformdifferenttasks.

oplemayincreatheirbrainpowerthroughlearning.

estheauthorencouragethereadertodointhelastparagraph?D

tomoremusic.

oreaboutourbrains.

eourcomputerskills.

reuofourbrains.

3）Questions11to15arebadonthesamepassageordialog.

Betweenthe1950sandtheearly1980s,theevolvingroleofJapanewomenhadbeenmost

adbeenatrendaway

ungwomenadmittedthattheytookpaidemploymentmostly

eofthisandotherinfluencesa1982figure

gurewas,however,half

thesizeofa

married,manywomenintheearly1980scontinuedtowork,andincreasinglytheyreturnedto

workafterchildbirth,'srole

inthefamilywavolvingaswell,becomingmoreandmoredominant.

eginningof

the1980s,duringtheirlivesbeforemarriagewomenmadeupanalmostfree-wheeling(随心所欲)

yofnewbridesreportedthatonly12percentexpectedtheir

time,Japanestillregardedmarriagenotasthepeakofaromance

ult,Japanewomen

menremainedathomewhile

working,women,however,

mustbecarefultomaintainthemlveswithinacceptablesocialstandards,onewomanbeing

told,"Ifyouactlikethat,youwillnotbewantedasabride."

OncemarriedaJapanewomenfoundherlfinaroleoppositeoftheperceivedxrolesin

Japan–ationshipbetweenthepartnersofa

berememberedthata

shortonehundredyearsagotheattitudetowardwomenwasthat"Ineverythingshemustobey

herhusband".Bytheearly1980stheroleofwomenhadchanged:AJapanewomanhadalmost

unquestionedpowerwithinthefamilysystemoftoday'sJapan.

thepassagemainlyabout?A

sintheroleofJapanewomen.

sinthestylesofJapanemarriages.

women'sstruggleforindependence.

women'sincreadpowerintheirfamilies.

dtheauthorsayaboutJapanewomenbeforethe1950s?B

mencontinuedtoworkaftermarriage.

ityofwomenhadtheirmarriagesarranged.

ssthanhalfofwomenhadarrangedmarriages.

menwenttoworkinordertofindahusband.

smarriageinmanyJapanepeople'yesintheearly1980s?C

heendoftheirromance.

hebeginningofahappylife.

socialresponsibilityonehastofulfill.

hehighestpointoftheirromanticrelationship.

fthefollowingwasthemaincauformostJapanewomenintheearly1980sto

takefulladvantageoftheiryearsbeforemarriage?

lievedtheywouldnolongerhaveahappylifeaftermarriage.A

ewtheycouldnotbeasdominantasbeforeaftergettingmarried.

ouldnotgobeyondacceptablesocialstandardsaftermarriage.

uldnolongerhavetimetoworkaftermarriage.

15."Theperceivedxroles"inthelastparagraphmostprobablyreferstothefactthatthe

wife_____A____.

beythehusbandinthefamily

upportthehusbandandhisfamily

akedecisionsoneverythinginthefamily

uestionsomeofthehusbands'decisions

4）Questions16to20arebadonthesamepassageordialog.

EarlierthisweektheUKclinicalpsychologist,ProfessorTanyaByron,warnedthatparental

pnedthatby

denying(拒绝)childrentheopportunitytoplayoutside,theyarelikelytofacegreaterdangers

insidefromtheInternet.

Aswecane,therearefarfewerkidsoutandaboutonstreetcornersorinparks

sly,thedrivetoreducerisksinchildren'sliveshasbeenfirm.

So,intryinghardtokeeptheirlovedonessafe,areparentsdenyingchildrenthefreedomthey

needtodevelopandgrowup?sarealdangerthatbyover-protecting

andover-supervising(监督)children:Societycouldbedenyingchildrentheopportunitytogrow

upintocapable,sare

constantlybeingoverwhelmedwithwarningsaboutthedreadfulthingsthatcanhappentotheir

childreniftheydonotkeepawatchfuleyeonthem.

Nowparentsareaskedtoworryabouttherisksawaitingindoorswhentheirchildrengoonline.

Butshouldthey?

A2006nationalsurveyofteenagersfoundthatmorethanhalf(55percent)ofUSyoungsters

between12and17yearsofageusocialnetworkingsitessuchasMyspaceandFacebook.

TanyaByronadmitsthatthe"concreteevidenceofharmresultingfromtheInternetisfairly

limited".Also,aliteraturereviewin2008showsthat"thereisalackofinformationaboutany

actualharmexperiencedbyursofsocialnetworkingsites".Sowhyallthisfear?

Ofcour,wherethereisfreedom,therewillalwaysbe"opportunities"forabursandcriminals.

Buteveryaspectofourlivespospotentialrisks,whichultimatelyweallneedtolearnto

hBoyd,asocialmediascholar,saidataconference,

"Theksare

,thebenefitsforsocializationoutweighthe

potentialharm."Boydarguedthat,althoughlettinggoandallowingyouthtodealwithrisksis

terrifyingforparents,"it'snecessaryforyouthtomature".

es"paranoia"inthefirstparagraphmostprobablymean?B

fattentiontochildren'ssafety.

hconcernabouttheirchildren'ssafety.

ortheirchildren'sopportunitytoplayoutside.

sionforchildrentodomanyoutdooractivities.

ingtothepassage,whatmaybethemajorconquenceforparentsnottoallowtheir

childrentogooutsidetoplay?

ldrenmaynotknowhowtogettoapark.D

ldrenmaynotknowhowtosocializewithotherpeople.

ldrenmayblametheirparentsfortheirtightcontrol.

ldrenmaynotbeabletogrowupintocapable,confidentadults.

ingthattheInternethaslimitedharmonchildren,theauthor______D____.

plyprentedhisopinions

videdquitemanyrelevantstatistics

dexamplestosupporthisargument

edexperts'opinionsandrearchresults

ingtoDanahBoyd,facingthesituationthatmanychildrengoonline,parentsshould

________A____.

irchildrenfacethesituationontheirown

memeasurestoeliminatetherisksfortheirchildren

nformtheirchildrenofthepossibleriskstheymayhave

swiththeirchildrenandreachanagreementonInternetu

themainmessagetheauthortriestogetacross?A

sshouldstopover-protectingtheirchildren.

sshouldlettheirchildrengrowupontheirown.

sshouldmonitortheirchildren'sindoorbehaviormore.

sshouldworkhardtoreducerisksintheirchildren'slives.

5）Questions21to25arebadonthesamepassageordialog.

Leadershipistheabilityofapersontoguidepeopleinagrouptowardachievingataskathand.I

believethatleadersaremade;theyarenotbornandapersoncanalwaysbeagoodleaderifhe

makesfulluofthefollowinglistofleadershipstrengths.

Firstly,taskexecution(实施)upwitha

bnganideatolife

reallycomestolifeonlywhenitixecutedtoperfection.

Forthis,safinelinebetweenhavingfollowersthatfollow

yououtdof

disagreementintheteamwillaffecttheendresultandtheefficiencyofperformingthetask.

Secondly,beforeyougoontoputanykindofstrategyintoplace,youneedtounderstandand

importantbecautheexpectationsoftheentiregroup

,oneoftheimportantleadershipstrengthsistohaveaveryclear

visionabouthowtogoaboutataskathand,keepingthelong-termandshort-termgoalsand

dtobepracticalyetoptimisticaboutthepossibilitiesinvolvedin

anytaskandmusttakeintoconsiderationalltherisksinvolved.

Thirdly,ople

ngoagainstthemas

dtogenuinelylistentoyour

teammembersbecautheyaretheonlyonesthatwilltellyouifyougowrongatanypointof

rmore,listeningwillmakesurethatyouconnectwithyourteammembersona

personallevel,whichwillimprovetheperformanceofyourteamgreatly.

fthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassageasoneoftheleadershipstrengths?

ganeartoteammembers.C

mingataskinaperfectway.

ingmistakeswithgoodgrace.

ngforthefuturewithacleargoal.

ingtoParagraph2,agoodleadershould_______B____.

sfollowerswithabsoluteauthority

sfollowersfollowhimoutofrespect

tofindoutwhoisatruefollowerintheteam

ncreatingnewideasinsteadofexecutingthem

es"envision"mostprobablymeaninParagraph3?D

inoptimisticaboutfutureresults.

sallhisattentiononlong-termgoals.

theexpectationsoftheentireteammembers.

castthepossibleachievementsandconquences.

fthefollowingshouldbeavoidedasagoodleader?D

garealisticattitude.

eringshort-termgoals.

ngaboutthebadresultsofaplan.

ngdisagreementfromhisteammembers.

theauthor'sattitudeaboutbecomingagoodleader?C

beagoodleaderifyouhavetalents.

beagoodleaderifyouhaveagoodteam.

beagoodleaderifyouacquiretheesntialskills.

beagoodleaderaslongasyouaredeterminedtobeone.