usher in

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AnalysisoftheFalloftheHouofUsher

小说《厄舍古屋的倒塌》之小析

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AnalysisoftheFalloftheHouofUsher

小说《厄舍古屋的倒塌》之小析

Abstract：

TheFalloftheHouofUsherisoneofthefamousworkfromEdgarAllanPoe,

ovelhecreatedhorroratmospheres

s,hemainlydescribedthreecharacters:thenarrator,

thishorrornovelbesuccessful—thegothicstyleand

horroratmospheres,healsokepthiyessomuchontheappearanceandweird

actionsofthetwins—UsherandMadeline,theatmospherearoundthehouand

insidehou,especiallytheMadeline’sdeathandherrelive,thatheudhundredsof

rkisveryimportantand

significant,soitisnecessarytolucubrateandanalyzeit.

Keywords:horroratmosphereGothicthreecharacters

Ⅰ.Introduction

Firstofall,Iwillintroducethecorrelativeinformationabouttheauthor—Edgar

AllenPoe(1809-1849),sanorphanatthe

ageoftwo,andluckilyhewastookcareofbyachildlessbutwealthy

merchant—ghhe

diedattheageof40,eaveuslots

ofgreatandfantasticworks,includingTalesoftheGrotesqueandArabesque—his

firstcollectionofshortstories,TheRavenandToHelen—poems,TheGolden

Bug—thedetectivestory,TheBusinessMan—thecomedy,TheFalloftheHouof

Usher—realsoavarietyofworksaboutthethemeor

ore,hewasaprolificandversatilewriterin

works,rangingfromfiction,legend,tales,and

poetrytocriticalarticles,influencedthecourofliterarycriticismandliteratureitlf.

Today,hewasrememberedbyhispoems,horrortale–becauofhisbeingamaster

ofit—andshortstories,ventorofthedetectivestory,

evenSirArthurIgnatiusConanDoyle,afamousBritishdetectivestorywriter,who

wroteSherlockHolms,foralthoughevenhisdeathforalongtime,heremainedbeing

acontroversialwriterandotherscouldn’tunderstandhimatall,however,hewas

lofthehouofUsherwasoneofhisfamous

masterpiece,whoarticleisnotonlymeansthefalloftherealUsher’shoubutalso

thefalloftheUsher’sfamily.

storythat

happenedduringthewholeofadull,andsoundlessdayintheautumnoftheyear,the

narratorwenttohisfriend’snamedUsher,hisfriendinhischildhood,whoinvited

himtocompanyUsherbyndinghimaletter,becauUshergotpsychologicalor

,withhistwinsisterMadeline,livedinamelancholyand

chokinghou,newassickformanyyears,

ratorcamewithhis

nedayUshertoldhimthatMadeline

lyitishewhoencoffinedhertooearly,thatmeansUsherburiedher

r,

cameoutfromthecoffinandcameuptheupstairswhereweweretogetherrevenge.

Whenshefellheavilyinwarduponthepersonofherbrother,bothsheandherbrother

died,ndofthestorythehou

ofUshercrusheddownintothewellnearby.

Ⅱ.AnalysisoftheFalloftheHouofUsher

Inthenovel,whatgiveusthemostprofoundimpressionistheGothicstyleand

horroratmospherefromthehou,3maincharacters,anditshorribleandappealing

thishorrornovelsuccessfullybyusinghisluxuriouslanguageandhis

s,weshouldknowthatthisnovelisaGothicnovel.

AndGothicnovel,namedalsoDarkRomance,isonebranchoftheEnglish

novel,ittouchessomegothic

elementsincludinghorror,mystery,death,hauntedhouandsortoffamily

ndofnovelwascalledcommonlythegothicliterature,whichoften

baontheancientcastles,ry,whichhappenedinthe

past–onenight,especiallyinthemedialcentury,wasoftenfilledwithmurder,

violence,revenge,rape,ereareappearingghostsorsupernatural

,suspen,mystery,eerinessare

eintervalthemeforgothicnovelthattheconferences

betweenbrightnessanddarkness,goodnessandevil,ollowingI

willsharemythoughts—analysisofthisnovel—owmyopinions

cloly,thenyoucangetwhatkindofviewsdoIhavedeeplyinheart.

ⅰ.Theenvironmentalatmosphere

Atthebeginningofthestory,thefirstntencedescribeagloomyandobituary

tone:duringthewholeofdull,dark,andsoundlessdayintheautumnoftheyear,…

thecloudshungoppressivelylowintheheavens,…Ihadbeenpassingalone,onhor

back,throughasingularlydrearytractofacountry,…withinthemelancholyHou

--theautumn,sunt,the(dark)clouds,andthewilderness—indicatesthe

vironmental

descriptionmakeagreatbasisfordevelopingthefollowingstory.

Thenwhenhearrivedattheplacewherehecangetthewholeviewofthehou,

hegotthisscene:--uponthemerehou,andthesimplelandscapefeaturesofthe

domain—uponthebleakwalls—uponthevacanteyes-likewindows—uponafewrank

dges—anduponafewwhitetrunksofdecayedtress.…Ireinedmyhortothe

precipitousbrinkofablackandluridtarnthatlayinunruffledlusterbythedwelling,

andgazedown,…upontheremodeledandinvertedimagesofthegraydge,andthe

ghastlytree—stems,andvacantandeye—likewindows.

Thenwhenhelookupthemansionagain,hegotakindofillusion:thewhole

mansiontherehunganatmospherepeculiartothemlvesandtheirimmediate

vicinity-anatmospherewhichhadnoaffinitywiththeairoftheheaven,butwhichhad

reekedupfromthedecayedtrees,andthegraywall,andthesilenttarn—apestilent

andmysticvapour,dull,sluggish,faintlydiscernible,inion,

itinoughtoscareme,becauthescenesarevivid,sothatIamalmostpersonally

onthesceneandexperienceit.

Besides,attheendofthestoryitwasahorriblenight,hewasdriventobecrazy.

asafraidofsomething,sohehadto…endeavouredto

believethatmuch,ifnotallofwhatIfelt,wasduetothebewilderinginfluenceofthe

gloomyfurnitureoftheroom—ofthedarkandtattereddraperies,which,torturedinto

motionbythebreathofarisingtempest,swayedfitfullytoandfrouponthewalls,and

rustleduneasilyaboutthedecorationsofthebed….Iupliftedmylfuponthepillows,

and,peeringearnestlywithintheintendarknessofthechamber,hearkened—Iknow

notwhy,exceptthataninstinctivespiritpromptedme—tocertainlowandindefinite

soundswhichcame,throughthepausofthestorm,atlongintervals,Iknewnot

kindof

edwithhispsychologicalchange,wealsobe

theonethehouandbeingscary.

ⅱ.Thehorroratmospherefrom3maincharacters：the

narrator,UsherandMadeline

Thenarratorwasanunnamedcharacter,andafriendofUsherfromhisboyhood

knowthatUsherfamilyarea

ven’t

ametotheUsher’shou,becau

Ushernthimaletterwithanillinformationandinvitedhimtoaccompanywith.

Therefore,saw

andheardwasthemainplotlineofthestory,includingeverythinghappenedwiththe

twinsisterandbrother.

ⅲ.Threemaincharacters

rator

Hewastheonlyclear—hird

pointofview,itmakesusbelievethateverythinghesaidthathappenedinthehou

wasreal,uallyifyou

thinkwhilereading,thattheyareintimate

associates,dedtocometothehou

justbecauhewasattractedbyUsher’sandhissister’smentalillnessfromUsher’s

evedthathecouldchangethesituationandcomfortUsher

r,dto

analyzeUsher’spsychologyandactions,forhedidnotbelieveitinheritedfrom

generationstogenerationsjustasUsher’etimelaterhewas

dtocontrolhisfear

sawMadeline,shewasakindof

invisible,ys

later,adelineintothecoffinlivelywithUsher,

andatthistimehenoticethatherappearancewasfamiliartoherbrother—,

hewasakindofUsher’feltthatMadelinedidnotdie,that

catastrophenightwhenMadelinecameoutfromcoffin,hehadaninexpressibleand

ocrazybythe

soundfromthecellarwhereMadelineandthecoffinwerethathecouldnotfallinto

heytwoarefearful,hereadthe

hecontrary,theybecamemore

delineappearedatthedoor,andshefellheavilyinwarduponthe

theircorp,heranawaywithgreathorrorasthehou

otissuccessfullycaughtreader’sattention.

WhenhemetUsher,hewasscaredbyUsherfromappearance,especiallythe

’sweird.

Usherwastheownerofthehou,whichwasinheritedfromhisancientfamily.

Justaswehavementioned,rrator’sdescription

fromhim:aneyelarge,liquid,andluminousbeyondcomparison;lipssomewhatthin

andverypallid,butofasurpassinglybeautifulcurve;anoofadelicateHebrew

model,butwithabreadthofnostrilunusualinsimilarformations;afinelymoulded

chin,speaking,initswantofprominence,ofawantofmoralenergy;hairofamore

thanweb-likesoftnessandtenuity;thefeatures,withaninordinateexpansionabove

theregionsofthetemple,allofusfollowedhimandgotthefirstimpressionofUsher,

s,Hesufferedmuchfromamorbid

acutenessofthens;themostinsipidfoodwasaloneendurable;hecouldwear

onlygarmentsofcertaintexture;theodoursofallflowerswereoppressive;hiyes

weretorturedbyevenafaintlight;andtherewerebutpeculiarsounds,andthe

fromstringedinstruments,nhabitual

toldthehisfriendthathewas

toldthenarratorshedied,

infact,shedidnotandheknewit,r

eightdayslater,beforeshecameoutfromthecoffin,her

murmuredbeforesheappearedatthedoor:Nothearit?--yes,Ihearit,andhave

--long--long--manyminutes,manyhours,manydays,haveIheardit

--yetIdarednot--oh,pityme,mirablewretchthatIam!--Idarednot--Idarednot

speak!Wehaveputherlivinginthetomb!SaidInotthatmynswereacute?I

them

--many,manydaysago--yetIdarednot--Idarednotspeak!Andnow--to-night

--Ethelred--ha!ha!--thebreakingofthehermit'sdoor,andthedeath-cryofthe

dragon,andtheclangouroftheshield!--say,rather,therendingofhercoffin,and

thegratingoftheironhingesofherprison,andherstruggleswithinthecoppered

archwayofthevault!OhwhithershallIfly?Willshenotbehereanon?Isshenot

hurryingtoupbraidmeformyhaste?HaveInotheardherfootsteponthestair?DoI

notdistinguishthatheavyandhorriblebeatingofherheart?MADMAN!

ne

snomanywordsforher,evenwhen

rappearance,thenarratorhadthisntence:

caushewasmysterious,

theplotdeveloptotheclimax,s,

attheendofthenovel,sheappearedwiththeimage:Therewasblooduponherwhite

robes,andtheevidenceofsomebitterstruggleuponeveryportionofheremaciated

frame..Foramomentsheremainedtremblingandreelingtoandfrouponthe

threshold,then,withalowmoaningcry,fellheavilyinwarduponthepersonofher

brother,andinherviolentandnowfinaldeath-agonies...

Ⅳ.Conclusion

Fromabove,Imakemypointsinthegothicstyle,theextroadinaryandhorrible

atmosphere,agreatnovelthatdevelop

gesofdecayanddeathrulethewholecontext

and

couldhardlyhelpbeingcarriedintoit,placingthemlvesinadark,dullandgray

ancienthou,teitnot

onlyintheatmosphere,butalsointhepsychology—thefatherandmasterofthisstyle,

especiallyfromthenarratorandUsher,sothatthehorrorcanshockusfromourheart,

ourinnerworld.

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