复旦自主招生

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上海复旦附中自主招生英语试题(3)

1.

duallyF.

calling

AUnitedNationspanelonclimatechangesaysglobalwarmingiscausingextremeweather

allovertheworldandis__41__ongovernmentstocomeupwithnewideastocurbgamissions.

Sincemuchoftheairpollutioncomesfromcoal-firedpowerplants,scientistsinDenmarkare

tryingtolowertheirnation’ｓenergyneedswithnewtypesofsmartstreetlights.

Our__42__industrializedworldneedshugeamountsofelectricalenergy,butourpower

plantsstillrelymostlyontechnology__43__aarlyasthe19thcentury—coal—poweredplants,

hydroelectricdamsorsomewhatnevernuclearenergy,allofwhichhavetheirown__44__.

Butscientistssaywecanslowdownglobalwarmingby__45__energydemandsforstreet

lights.

The__46__featuresoftheworld’ｓurbanareasrequirealotofelectricity.

InformationAdministrationestimatesthatin2012,lightingforbuildings,

out274billionkilowatthours.

InabidtomakeCopenhagentheworld’ｓfirstcarbon-neutralcityby2025,scientistsinthe

Danishcapitalaretestingavarietyofnewstreetlightingtechnologies.

KimBrostromisthechieftechnicalofficerattheDanishOutdoorLightingLab.

“Wehaveinstalledninekilometersofstreets,wehave280mastsplacedhere,wehave50

different__47__,wehave10differentmanagementsystems,andwehavealotofdifferent

nsorsandthingsoutintheopenarea,”saidBrostrom.

ChiefscienceofficerJakobAndernsaysthelightscanbemanaged__48__fromatablet

computerorasmartphone.

Themaingoalistolowerenergy__49__ampbrightens

uponlywhenit__50__anapproachingpedestrian,themevenhavea

backupwindgeneratororasolarcell.

2.

DietCoke,dietPepsi,dietpills,on-fatdiet,vegetablediet…Weare__51__bytheword

“diet”soeasilybeenattractedbythepromiand__52__

ofdietpro

payingforproductsthat__53__uspsychologicallyandphysically(身体上).

evel,wearenotallowingour

brainto__54__thatourweightproblemslienotinactuallylosingtheweight,butincontrolling

the__55__offatty,high-calorie,oductsallowustojumpoverthe

thinkingstageandgostraightforthescale(秤)avetodoistoswallowor__56__

theword“diet”infoodlabels.

Onanotherlevel,imewehavea

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zero-caloriedrink,wearetellingourlveswithoutour__57__thatwedon’ｔhavetoworktoget

oductsmakepeoplebelievethatgaincomeswithoutpain,andthatlifecanbe

withoutresistancea(n)__58__.

Thedangerofdietproductsliesnotonlyinthepsychologicaleffectstheyhaveonus,but

odscan__59__harmourbodiesbecau

consumingtheminsteadofhealthyfoodsmeanswearepreventingourbodiesfromhaving__60__

nutrients(营养成分).Dietfoodsanddietpills__61__zerocalorieonlybecauthedietindustry

oductsmaynotbe__62__,and

thechemicalthatgointodietproductsarepotentiallydangerous.

Nowthatweareawareoftheeffectsthatdietproductshaveonus,itistimeto__63__think

weightliesinthepowerofminds,notinthepowerofchemicals.

__64__werealizethis,wewillbemuchbetterabletoresistdietproducts,and__65__preventthe

psychologicalharmthatcomesfromusingthem.

ated

ation

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ption

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ntly

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ive

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rmore

3.

man’ｓbeardwas

glazedbywinter’ｓ

bodybecamenumbandstifffromthefrigidnorthwind.

Itwaslongbeforeheheardthefaint,steadyrhythmofhooves(马蹄)alongthefrozenpath.

Anxiouslywatchingveralhormencomingup,heletthefirstonepassbywithoutanyeffortto

gethisattention,thenanotherpasdby,y,thelastriderdrewnearwherethe

oldmansatlikeasnowstatuewhenoldmancaughthiyesandsaid,“Sir,wouldyoumind

givinganoldmanaridetotheotherside?”

Stoppinghishor,theriderreplied,“Sure!Jumpaboard.”Seeingtheoldmanunabletolift

hishalf-frozenbodyfromtheground,mantookhim

notjustacrosstheriver,buttohisdestinationjustafewmilesaway.

Astheyapproachedthetinybutcozycottage,thehorman’ｓcuriositycaudhimtoinquire,

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“Sir,Inoticedy

iouswhy,onsuchabitternight,you

Ihadrefudandleftyouhere?”

Theoldmanlookedtheriderstraightintheeyesandreplied,“ＩreckonIknowpeoplepretty

dintotheeyesoftheotherridersandimmediatelyfoundnoconcernformysituation.

nIlookedintoyoureyes,your

gentlespiritwouldwelcometheopportunitytogivemeassistanceinmytimeofneed.”

Thoheart-warmingcommentstouchedthehormandeeply.“I’ｍsogratefulforwhatyou

havesaid,”hetoldtheoldman.“MayInevergettoobusyinmyownaffairsthatIfailtorespond

totheneedsofotherswithkindnessandcompassion.”

Withthat,ThomasJeffersonturnedhishoraroundandmadehiswaybacktotheWhite

Hou.

n’ｔtheoldmanaskthepreviousridersforaride?

ehewaswaitingforthelastrider.

ehiffortsfailedtogettheirattention.

eheassumedtheyhadnoconcernforhim.

ehewastoonumbtolifthishalf-frozenbody.

udthelastridertostopandhelptheoldman?

man’ｓman’ｓwarmcomments.

ssandsympathy.

youknowabouttheoldman?

dinacozycottageafewmiles

away.

gnizedthepresidentatfirst.

anbethebesttitleofthistext?

sionofagreatman.

totheWhiteHou.

4.

InternationalBookClub

Haveyoueverthoughtofjoiningabookclubandbuyingnewbooksthroughthepost?Here

attheInternationalBookClub,wealreadyhavemanymembersbuyingbooksfromusbymail.

Immediatebenefits：

Asaspecialoffer,youmaychooanyreducedpricebooksfromournewmembers’booklist,

tothevalueof$6intotal(pluspostageandpacking).Bydoingthis,youwillsavepoundson

thepublishers’prices.

Ticktheboxonyourformtoorderafreewatch.

Ifyoureplywithinvendays,wewillndyouanotherfreegiftcarefullychonfromour

booklistbyourstaff.

OrderaDVDfromthemanyonofferinourlist,athalftherecommendedretailprice.

Whenyou’vejoined：

Asamember,you’llenjoysavingsofbetween30%and50%offthepublisher’ｓpriceon

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everybookyoubuy,andwhat’ｓmore,they’eeclubmagazine

arrivesonceamonth,ansthateveryyear

weofferover1,nternet,youcanfindallourtitlesfortheyear

onourexclusivemembers’website.

Beingamember：

Allweareaskingyoutodowhileyouareamemberistochoofourbooksduringyourfirst

hat,youcandecideonthenumberofbooksyouwishtotake.

Ineachofourmonthlyclubmagazines,ourexperiencedstaffchooaClubChoicebook—

aworkoffictionorareferencetitlewhichtheyfeelisparticularlyworthbuying,andwhichis

r,ifyoudonotwantthisbook,justsaysointhespace

alwaysndthebookifwedonotreceivethis.

So,returnyourapplicationformtoday,buthurry—it’ｓnoteverydaywecanmakeyouan

ytobecomeamember,allyouneedtodoissimplyfillintheenclodform

andreturnitinthepostagepaidenvelopesupplied.

Beforeyouknowit,don’ｔndanymoneynow,aswe

ember,youhaveuptoafortnighttodecideifyou

uldtheneitherreturnthebooksorndyour

payment.

fthefollowingdoesn’ｔbelongtothebenefitsofbeingaclubmember?

freewatch.

DVDatalowprice.

onththeclubprovidesafreeclubmagazineinorderto_______.

dersknowthenumberofbookstobesold

aderswellinformedofrecentbestllingbooks

adersknowtheclub’ｓdevelopment

tmoreandmorereaderstojointheclub

kisworth$100,howmuchwillamemberprobablysaveifhebuysone?

A.$20B.$40C.$60D.$70

ouldyoudoifyouwanttojointhebookclub?

llinaformwithpersonalinformationandndtheclubanemail.

erclubmemberstorecommendyoutotheclub.

anapplicationformwithneededinformationandreturnittotheclub.

oramembershipcard.

5.

mentpasdalawwhichsaidthatthelandoftheAmericanIndians

dredyearslater,however,the

Inthisgreat

injusticeoccur?

t,thettlersand

r,thenumberofttlersincreadgreatlyeveryyear,and

slothemlves,

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ians,whodependedontheanimalsfor

food,tlersalsobroughtwiththemmanydiaswhich

werecommoninwhitesociety,umbersofIndians

n1843and1854theIndianpopulationinoneareaofthecountry

wentdownfrom100,000to30,000.

ington,theold

promistotheIndianswerebroken;the

governmentbegantomovegroupsofIndiansfromtheiroriginalhomelandstootherpoorerparts

gantoattack

whitettlers,30years,untilthelate1880s,differentgroupsof

dafewfamoussuccess,butthe

eretoomanywhitesoldiers,andtheyweretoo

dianswerekilled;thesurvivorsweremovedfromtheirhomelandstodifferent

terriblechapterinthehistoryofacountrythatpromidfreedomand

equalitytoeveryone.

einferredfromthepassagethat______.

eremanylawsthatprovidedtherightsofAmericanIndians

mentwasnotsuccessfullycarried

out

ment

orityofwhitettlerswereopenlyoppodtothelawpasdin1789

ingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisTRUE?

iansbelievedthatkillingtoomanywildanimalshaddisturbedthebalanceof

nature.

ernmentbegantohaveabetterunderstandingoftheIndiansinthefiftiesofthe

19thcentury.

n1843and1854about70,000Indianswerekilledinthebattle.

tescarriedriousdiasintowheretheIndianslived.

pliedinthepassagethat______.

ianshadmanygreatsuccessintheIndianswars

ianshadnodoubtthattheywouldwinthewars

hewartheIndiansstayedwheretheywerebefore

iansweretooweaktowinthestruggle

thewriter’ｓopinionaboutthetreatmentthattheIndiansreceivedfromtheU.S.

government?

evedthatthegovernmentalwaysrespectedtherightsoftheIndians.

evedthatthegovernmentcan’ｔbecriticizedforitstreatmenttotheIndians.

evedthatthegovernmenttreatedtheIndiansunjustly.

evedthatthegovernment’ｓunfairtreatmentagainsttheIndianswasnoton

purpo.

6.

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Thequestionofwhetherourgovernmentshouldpromotescienceandtechnologyorthe

liberalartsinhighereducationisn’ｔaneither/orproposition(命题),althoughthecurrentemphasis

onpreparingyoungAmericansforSTEM(science,technology,engineering,maths)-relatedfields

canmakeitemthatway.

Thelatestcongressionalreportacknowledgesthecriticalimportanceoftechnicaltraining,but

alsoasrtsthatthestudyofthehumanities(人文学科)andsocialsciencesmustremaincentral

componentsofAmerica’ｓecriticaltoproducingcitizens

whocanparticipateeffectivelyinourdemocraticsociety,becomeinnovative(创新的)leaders,and

benefitfromthespiritualenrichmentthatthereflectiononthegreatideasofmankindovertime

provides.

Parentsandstudentswhohaveinvestedheavilyinhighereducationworryaboutgraduates’

jobprospectsastechnologicaladvancesandchangesindomesticandglobalmarketstransform

hecircumstances,it’ｓnaturaltolook

forwhatmayappeartobethemost“practical”wayoutoftheproblem“Majorinasubject

designedtogetyouajob”emstheobviousanswertosome,thoughthisignoresthefactthat

manydisciplinesinthehumanitiescharacterizedas“soft”often,infact,leadtoemploymentand

,accordingtosurveys,employershaveexpresdapreferencefor

studentswhohavereceivedabroadly-badeducationthathastaughtthemtowritewell,think

critically,rearchcreatively,andcommunicateeasily.

Moreover,studentsshouldbepreparednotjustfortheirfirstjob,butfortheir4thand5thjobs,

asthere’ｓlittlereasontodoubtthatpeopleenteringtheworkforcetodaywillbecalleduponto

swhowilldothebestinthis

newenlityto

drawuponeveryavailabletoolandinsight—pickedupfromscience,arts,andtechnology—to

solvetheproblemsofthefuture,andtakeadvantageoftheopportunitiesthatprentthemlves,

willbehelpfultothemandtheUnitedStates.

(Note:AnswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinNOMORETHANTWELVE

WORDS.)

estcongressionalreportsuggeststhat________________________________.

themainconcernofstudentswhentheychooamajor?

ndofjobapplicantsdoemployerslookfor?

ggestionsdoestheauthorgivetocollegestudents?

7.

Inordertostudyenzymes(酶),hin

ittleoftheproper

ately,becauoftheenzymeprentinthepotato,thechemicalstarts

ontainerintirelyclod,apartial

vacuum(真空)ontainerisnowconnectedwithafinetubewhichisdipped

inwater,thewaterissuckedpartwayupthetubebecauofthevacuum.

Thescientistsdoingtheexperimentcarefullynoticehowfarupthetubeiswhenwateris

heritissucked,themoreofthatparticularenzymeandeven

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thetimeweareworkingwithamountsfartoosmallto

eorweigh.

thescientistswanttofindoutintheexperiment?

renzymeisprentinthepotato.

rticularenzymethereisinthepotato.

henzymethereisinthepotato.

ymeworksinthepotato.

pertitleforthepassageis______.

cuumIsFormed

ymeIsStudied

ymeWorksinaPotato

hEnzymeThereIsinthePotato

fthefollowingcorrectlyshowshowtheexperimentisdone?

ythinpiecesorpotatoinavacuumcontainer.

ttheglasscontainerwithatubethroughwhichoxygenisntin.

echemicaltothewaterbeforethinpiecesofpotatoareputin.

hinpiecesofpotatoinaglasscontainer,coverthemwithwaterandthencloit.

ultofthestudyshowsthat______.

herwaterissucked,thelessofenzymeinthepotatois

ewaterisputinto,themoreofenzymeinthepotatois

herwaterissucked,themoreofenzymeinthepotatois

erwaterissucked,themoreofenzymeinthepotatois

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上海复旦附中自主招生英语试题(3)

DEIK

CCABAADDA

anitiesandSTEMsubjectsshouldbegivenequalimportance.

hancesofgettingagoodjob.

hohavereceivedawell-roundededucation.

ingthemlvestobeflexible;achievingeveryavailabletoolandinsight.