franklin

BenjaminFranklin(January17,1706–April17,1790)wasoneoftheFounding

polymath,Franklinwasaleadingauthor

andprinter,politicaltheorist,politician,postmaster,scientist,inventor,satirist,

civicactivist,statesman,entist,hewasamajorfigureinthe

AmericanEnlightenmentandthehistoryofphysicsforhisdiscoveriesandtheo-

ntedthelightningrod,bifocals,theFranklin

stove,acarriageodometer,andtheglass'armonica'.Heformedboththefirst

publiclendinglibraryinAmericaandthefirstfiredepartmentinPennsylvania.

Franklinearnedthetitleof"TheFirstAmerican"forhiarlyandindefatigable

campaigningforcolonialunity;asanauthorandspokesmaninLondonforv-

eralcolonies,thenasthefirstUnitedStatesAmbassadortoFrance,heexempli-

inwasfoundationalindefiningthe

Americanethosasamarriageofthepracticalanddemocraticvaluesofthrift,

hardwork,education,communityspirit,lf-governinginstitutions,andopposi-

tiontoauthoritarianismbothpoliticalandreligious,withthescientificandtoler-

ordsofhistorianHenrySteeleCom-

mager,"InaFranklincouldbemergedthevirtuesofPuritanismwithoutitsde-

fects,theilluminationoftheEnlightenmentwithoutitsheat."ToWalterIsaacson,

thismakesFranklin"themostaccomplishedAmericanofhisageandthemostin-

fluentialininventingthetypeofsocietyAmericawouldbecome."

Franklin,alwaysproudofhisworkingclassroots,becameasuccessfulnewspa-

pereditorandprinterinPhiladelphia,

alsopartnerswithWilliamGoddardandJophGallowaythethreeofwhom

publishedthePennsylvaniaChronicle,anewspaperthatwasknownforitsrevo-

lutionaryntimentsandcriticismsoftheBritishmonarchyintheAmericancol-

mewealthypublishingPoorRichard'sAlmanackandThePennsyl-

ingainedinternationalrenownasascientistforhisfamous

experimentsinelectricityandforhismanyinventions,especiallythelightning

edamajorroleinestablishingtheUniversityofPennsylvaniaand

in

becameanationalheroinAmericawhenhespearheadedtheefforttohavePar-

mplisheddiplomat,hewas

widelyadmiredamongtheFrenchasAmericanministertoParisandwasama-

y

yearshewastheBritishpostmasterforthecolonies,whichenabledhimtotup

ctiveincommunityaffairs,

colonialandstatepolitics,

1785to1788,theendofhislife,

hefreedhisslavesandbecameoneofthemostprominentabolitionists.

Hiscolorfullifeandlegacyofscientificandpoliticalachievement,andstatusas

oneofAmerica'smostinfluentialFoundingFathers,haveenFranklinhonored

oncoinageandmoney;warships;thenamesofmanytowns,counties,educa-

tionalinstitutions,namesakes,andcompanies;andmorethantwocenturiesaf-

terhisdeath,countlessculturalreferences.

Bookreport

Franklinwasnotinfavorablegrowthenvironment,anditshouldbearelatively

1706hewasinNorthAmerica,

fatherisinvolvedinwaxandsoapasasmallbusinessman,Franklinenteredthe

schoolforabouttwoyearsbeforedroppingoutofschoolbecauoffamilydis-

wenttoworkasanapprenticeinhisbrother’sshop,theapprentice

dayswasverydifficult,buthedidagooduoftheapprenticeshipleisuretimeto

studyhard,andreadalotofbooksinpolitics,science,

wasalsoproficientintheuofFrench,Italian,SpanishandLatin.

In1726Franklinmanagesaprintingfactory,itwasagreatsuccesswhichcreated

alegendoftheAmericandream,andheprintedahugeimpact“Pennsylvania”.He

inventedthelightningrod,dual-purpoglass,-

oneeredtheNorthAmericancoloniesthesloganthatis“notjointhedeath”and

draftedoutthedraftingof“DeclarationofIndependence”publishedin1771which

changedthefateofcountlesspeople,andthisbookgaveadescriptionofitspro-

cessofgrowthandexhortedthepeopletobepositive.(换ppt)

TherearealotofProverbsinthisbookthatFranklinfeltinhislife,readingthis

bookisnotonlytofeelthentiment,butalsotocombinetheirtrainingandhu-

manityandthentoimproveourlves,thebookdescribeachchapterareatrue

portrayalofhislifeandtellushowtogetalltheperceptionwhichinspiredmevery

much.

Inhisview,iveuswisdom,strengthenour

determinationandletushavethewisdomofthetripofourlife.

ore,hepropodto13re-

quirementsforhimlfnamely:control,quiet,orderlylife,determination,frugal-

ity,diligence,sincerity,justice,moderation,cleanliness,tranquility,chastityand

eentryingtodothat,thoughhecannotcompletelymeetallthe

requirements,plewhocanmeetthe13require-

mentscanbecalled“saints”ofthefactthatpeoplearerarelyperfect,butitcan

pursuesuchaperfectpeopleintheUnitedStatesandGermanywhohaveachieved

greatsuccess.

FranklinwasreveredasthefatherofAmericaforhisimpressiveimagethatcan

maintainafrugallifestyleofworkforthepublicwelfareandmakeimmortalcon-

tributions,comparedtothemajorityofpeoplewecanknewhowimpetuouswe

are.(huan)

Inthisclear,crisplywrittenstoryofhislife,BenjaminFranklinshowsthereader

whathischildhoodwaslikeandwhathecametovalueasmeaningfulandworth-

whiletechniquesofcommunication,conduct,ien-

tiousandriousyouth,Franklinneverthelesslefthisboyhoodtownbecauhe

rlyactofresponsibilityledhimtopursue

workthatledhim,inthecomingyearsoftheAmericanRevolution,tobeastrong

advocateofpoliticalindependence,inbecameas

hecountry's

foundingfathersandatirelesschampionofindividualliberty,healsorvedas

sofhowhelearnedtheprinting

tradeandhowheestablished"PoorRichard'sAlmanac."Healsoshareswithhis

readercannothelpbutadmirethisbrilliantandbravefoundingfather,asmuch

forhishumilityasforhisrvicestohiscountryanditsfuturecitizens.

(huan)

名言

Silenceisnotalwaysasignofwisdom,butbabblingiverafolly.

沉默并不是智慧的标志，但唠叨永远是一项蠢行。

Contentmakespoormenrich;discontentmakesrichmenpoor.

知足使贫穷的人富有；而贪婪使富足的人贫穷。

Iftimebeingofthingsthemostprecious,wastingtimemustbethegreatest

prodigality.

——BenjaminFranklin

如果时间是最宝贵的东西那么浪费时间就是最大的浪费。

——本杰明·富兰克林

Whohaddeceivedtheesooftenasthylf?

谁会像你自己那样经常欺骗你？

Certainty?Inthisworldnothingiscertainbutdeathandtaxes.

这个世界上没有什么事情是确信无疑的，除了死亡和纳税。

Attwentyyearsofage，thewillreigns;atthirty，thewit;andatforty，the

judgment.---BenjaminFranklin

二十岁时起支配作用的是意志，三十岁时是机智，四十岁时是判断。----本杰

明。富兰克林

Eattopleayourlf,butdresstopleaothers.

——BenjaminFranklin

吃为了满足自己，穿则为了取悦他人。

——本杰明·富兰克林

Ifamanemptieshispurintohishead,noonecantakeitfromhim.

——BenjaminFranklin

如果一个人倾其所有以求学问，那么这些学问是没有人能拿走的。

Whateverisbeguninangerendsinshame.

无论何事，因愤怒而起，必以羞愧而终。