新概念英语第四册课后习题答案ﻫ
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新概念4笔记www./nce/24278_ml
Unit1Findingfossilman
一、重点单词解释
1、recount:v.叙述
注意读音,重音在后。英语中有“名前动后”之说,重音在前是名词,重音在后是动词。例如:r
ecord
recount:emotionless
describe:alittleemotional
depict:同上
narrate:temporal&spacial时间和空间顺序narrative
portray:像画肖像一样地描述,最强烈
2、anthropologist:人类学家
注意构词:anthrop=人
philosopher=philo+sopher=爱+智慧=哲学家
philanthropist=phil+anthrop=爱+人=慈善家
anthropology人类学
3、ancestor:祖先
an-在前面;fore-在前面
同义词:forefather,forebear
4、flint:燧石,打火石
flintingheart心太硬,残忍无比、歹毒
近义词:cobble鹅卵石
Don'tactasyouweretheonlypebbleonthebeach.不要太自以为是
5、rot:腐烂
Leavemerot.=Leavemealone.
Rottodeath.自生自灭。
Soonripe,soonrotten.早慧早衰。
Heisrottontocore.他坏透顶了。
同义词:decay;
decompo:分解;
deteriorate:关系恶化(同学们自己查查它的读音)
6、trace:痕迹
tracetheproblem.用作动词,跟踪,找到毛病的根源
Ifollowyourtrace=Ifollowwhereveryougo
二、课文重点难点分析
Wecanreadofthingsthathappened5,000yearsagointheNearEast,
wherepeoplefirstlearnedtowrite.
1、readof读到
相似用法:谈到speakof、talkof、了解到knowof、听说过hearof
2、知识点:NearEast:Mediterranean,SouthEurope,NorthAfrica
MiddleEast:WestAsia
FarEast:Chian,Japan,Korea
3、where从句是非限制性从句表原因:我们能够....,因为那里的人们首先学会了书写。
4、补充练习:翻译-口语早于书面语出现
翻译一:Oral(spoken)languageiarlierthanwrittenlanguage.
翻译二:Oral(spoken)languageisearlierthanwrittencounterpart.
同学们自己查字典学习-counterpart这个词
twothingsortwopeoplehavethesamepositionTheonlywaythatt
heycanprervetheirhistoryistorecountitassagas--legendsha
ndeddownfromonegenerationofstory-tellerstoanother.
5、prerve保留、保存、腌制(prervedvegetables腌菜)
6、本句结构是:Theonlyway...istorecount....(主、系、表结构)
如果句子中有only,那么后面跟的表语结构要用todosth.不能用doingsth.
7、handeddown定语=legendswherearehandeddown
8、story-teller讲故事的人fortune-teller、palmreader算命先生
Thelegendsareufulbecautheycantellussomethingabout
migrationsofpeoplewholivedlongago,butnonecouldwritedown
whattheydid.
9、migration:移民
注意几个相关词汇:
migrantbird:侯鸟
immigrant:移民(移入)
emigrant:移民(移出)
同学们仔细体会这几个词的差异,因为我知道很多同学学英语,打算出国留学、办移民,所以这
几个词将来会经常用到。
10、none=nobody
AnthropologistswonderedwheretheremoteancestorsofthePolynesian
peoples(民族)nowlivinginthePacificIslandscamefrom.
11、Polynesianpeoples:people+s复数表示民族。
Butthefirstpeoplewhowerelikeourlveslivedsolongago
thateventheirsagas,iftheyhadany,areforgotten.
12、重要句型:iftheyhadany插入语表示强调-‘即便是有’
Hisrelatives,ifhehad(any),neverwenttovisithimwhenhewashospi
talized.
Soarchaeologistshaveneitherhistorynorlegendstohelpthemtofin
doutwherethefirst''modernmen''camefrom.
13、neither:读音,英音[ai],美音[i:]还有either这个词
14、find与findout的区别:findout指千方百计、费尽周折后找到=explore
15、modernmen=whowerelikeourselves
Fortunately,however,ancientmenmadetoolsofstone...
16、知识点:表示转折的连接词-however、but、yet
规律:but、yet不要加任何标点,onlyatthebeginningofntence
howerver:放在anywhereyouwant,加逗号
therefore和so的用法同上,therefore可以放任何地方;so只在句首
17、tool小工具instrument实验器械equipment设备
18、mayhave表推测
Theymayalsohaveudwoodandskins...
19、peel果皮leather皮革hide兽皮cowhide牛皮
Stonedoesnotdecay,andsothetoolsoflongagohaveremainedwhen
eventhebonesofthemenwhomadethemhavedisappeared
withouttrace.
20、without(any)trace
Irunafterthethief,butheturnedthecorneranddisappearedwit
houttrace.
Lesson2:Sparethatspider
Newwordsandexpressions生词短语
flocksandherds牛群和羊群
/flCk/thebirdsofthesamefeatherflocktogether.物以类聚,人以群
分
youarethesameflock.也可指人ﻫherd多指牛群cowherdcowboythrong
andcrowdswarmﻫowe/[U/vt.感激欠Ioweyou.Ioweyouabigfavor.欠
issue
obligeindebtappreciate----常用口语词正式:gratefulthankful
beast/bi:st/n兽形容人野蛮无比,不能用animal形容ﻫcreature可以
指小孩,女人,不用于男性.
fraction/'frAkF[n/n.小部分分数,小数afractionofricewillsuffice
onone'sbehalf代表...利益
Ibeatyouonyourbehalf.我打你是为你好onbehalfofsomebody/something
alfofchinegovernmentonbehalfof=representﻫauthority/C:'
WCriti/n.权威authorize批准authoritative权威性的authoritarian独裁的ﻫ
-tarian带有这种词缀的词都是坏词dictator独裁者dictatorial独裁的ﻫauthorities
1.权威(可单数可复数)2.当局(复数)ﻫcensus/ns[s/n.统计数据thefifth
nationalpopulationcensur审查
censorious挑剔的,挑刺的
acre/'eik[/n.英亩1acre=4047squaremeters
footballpitch足球场footballyardfootballcourtfootballfieldﻫbe
contentwith满足于满足作表语,不能出现定语结构ﻫHeiscontentwith
statusquo.contentedheart:心满意足的人ﻫspare/spZ[/v.不伤害,宽恕sp
aremeHedoesn’tsparehimlf.
Isparenoeffortstolearnenglish.(sparenoefforts:不遗余力作什么)
Notesonthetext课文注释ﻫwhy,youmaywonder-youmaywonderwhy
插入语先不管插入语,弄清句子结构ﻫyoumaywonderwhyspidersshouldbe
ourfriends?插入语位置不固定
why以疑问句开头
why,youmaywonder,theproblemofpollutionbefallshumanbeings.
why,youmaywonder,oneofmyfriendsissokindhearted.
destroy程度比damage要重得多,片甲不留,消灭光ﻫtearintopieces
dearenemyﻫgreatestenemies:天敌dyingenemycryingenemy
humanrace:人的种族,一般不加复数,表示一个总称词ﻫimpossible和possible
永远不要以人开头
Itisimpossibleforsomebodytodosomething.ﻫlikely可以以人做主
语。iamlikelytogo.probable也不以人做主语
theywould表示假设ﻫdevour狼吞虎咽devourthefood
makeacakeofmylfmakeagodofmylf
devourthebookﻫit虚拟语气前面是主句,下面是条件句ﻫ前面一般的加动词devour,
后面用一般过去时ﻫIfitwerenotfor:如果这不是因为
Iwouldnotsurviveifitwerenotforhistimelyhelp.ﻫbutfor一定
是虚拟语气=ifitwerenotforﻫowe感激,欠ioweyou.
引出主题allofthemputtogether:把他们堆到一起ﻫdestroyed后置定语,重心
转到spider谓语动词是kill
Lesson3Matterhornman
Newwordsandexpressions生词短语
1、alpinist(1.1)/'$lpinist/n.登山运动员
词根:alp-ﻫclimbermountaineer
Alps(1.16)/$lps/n.阿尔卑斯山脉Alpine(1.9)/$lpain/adj.阿尔卑斯山的ﻫ2、at
tain(1.4)/+'tein/v.到达ﻫtogetto
toarriveat/in
toattainone’sgoal=realize
attainyouth永葆青春ﻫtoattainthetop/peak/summit达到顶点ﻫattainme
nt(n)attainments成就accomplishmentﻫ3、perilous(1.5)/'peril+s/adj.危险的peri
lﻫ(随时可能出现的)危险
avalanche雪崩ﻫ4、shudder(1.5)/'M)d+/v.不寒而栗ﻫshudder:quickandsudd
en
tremble:longandveryobviousﻫ5、gooutofone’swayﻫ专门bythe
way顺路toomuchforme受不起
6、court(multiplemeanings多义词)ﻫ朝廷朝臣courtier
courteous彬彬有礼的ﻫ法庭ﻫ娱乐场足球场soccer/footballcourt高尔夫球场golf
court
追求
招致骄兵必败pridecourtsfailureﻫsol-独ﻫsolo独唱ﻫ独奏
7、solitary(1.6)/'s&lrt+ri/adj.唯一的
solitude孤独ﻫIliveinsolitude.=Ilivealonelylife.
8、pioneer(1.2)/?pai+'n+/v.开辟,倡导;n.先锋,开辟者ﻫ9、impoverish(11.9
-10)/$m'p&v+rM/v.使贫困ﻫpoor(口语词)ﻫcomplete
罗素名言:Agreatmanymanwillcheerfullyfaceinpoverishmentiftheyc
ansecureﻫruinfortheirrival,hencepresentleveloftaxation.ﻫ许多
人会高兴的面对贫困,如果他们能使对手落魄,因此出现了现在的税收水平。
10、coar(1.12)/k&:s/adj.粗劣的ﻫcoarsethroat嗓子哑
sorethroat
coarsefare
嗓子发炎
粗粮ﻫrefinedfair细粮
coarseandrefinedﻫinacoarsemanner粗暴无礼ﻫ用法:以人作主语,夸耀;以物
作主语,拥有
11、boast(1.12)/b+ust/v.自恃有ﻫHeboastedthatofhisknowledge.ﻫThece
nterboastsateamofhighqualify(qualifiedresearchers.)
12、parishioner(1.13)/p+riM+n+/n.教区居民ﻫ13、shepherd(1.14)/'Mep+d/n.牧羊
人ﻫ14、linen(1.15)/'linin/n.亚麻布床单ﻫparish教区ﻫ羊herdﻫ兽群ﻫsheepshe
p
Notesonthetext课文注释ﻫ1、Route路线Road道路ﻫ2、goodsports:
stimulus刺激thrilling震撼、兴奋ﻫ3、regardregardsbwithsth(感情词love
hatredhorrorrespect)ﻫDad,Iregardyouwithhorror.爸爸,我很害怕
你。ﻫ4、pineeringdays,ancient(先人时期)
5、notatall根本不case这回事
6、bedoing表达当时的行动(状态)ﻫ7、top:顶点summit山顶peak山顶
Thesceneryisatthepeakofthemountain.无限风光在险峰。ﻫIam
atthetopoftheworld.我在世界之巅。Summitmeeting峰会
8、attain到达conquer征服
9、beofthemostperilousnaturenature特点、特性
themostperilousdifficultiesanddangers
学会beofthe+adj+noun结构Heisthekindestman.=Heist
hemanofthekindestman.
10、equipped表示当时的一种伴随。
11、inamanner以这样的方式
12、makesbdosth(省to结构)ﻫ13、atthethought一想到,ment
ion一提到,idea一想到ﻫ这个结构后面加介词of原文即atthethoughtof
theirpoorequipmentﻫ14、gooutofone’sway刻意intentionallyeyec
atching引人注目的
15、thereallivingconditions真实生存状况ﻫ16、nowadays插入语,现在回
想起来,可在句首、句末
17、exceptfor把其中的一部分扣除
18、tendtobe倾向于ﻫ19、settlement生存地、驻扎地
20、cutoff=whicharecutoffﻫ21、flearidden跳蚤
22、astheywere可以这么说,插入语还有asitwere
Thisbookis,asitwere,hislifeportrait.这本书,可是说,是他的人生
写照。
23、local当地的ﻫ24、wine低度酒alcohol酒精alcoholic酒鬼
25、boast拥有priest牧师shepherd牧羊人invariably=allthesameﻫ2
6、dirtandpoverty,andveryuncomfortable(结构不符合习惯,不可学)
27、course一道菜
28、musthavebeen表推测
29、beaccustomedto,beudto+名词、动名词
IamusedtothelifeinBejing.IamusedtolivinginBejing.ﻫ30、
早餐:scratchameal中午餐:snack快餐晚餐:dinner
31、thechangeto
Educationbringsgreatchangetohisoutlook/viewonlife.ﻫ教育使他的
面貌(对生活的看法)产生了很大变化。
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