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2022年11月23日发(作者:建设施工合同)

新概念英语第四册课后习题答案ﻫ

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新概念4笔记www./nce/24278_ml

Unit1Findingfossilman

一、重点单词解释

1、recount:v.叙述

注意读音,重音在后。英语中有“名前动后”之说,重音在前是名词,重音在后是动词。例如:r

ecord

recount:emotionless

describe:alittleemotional

depict:同上

narrate:temporal&spacial时间和空间顺序narrative

portray:像画肖像一样地描述,最强烈

2、anthropologist:人类学家

注意构词:anthrop=人

philosopher=philo+sopher=爱+智慧=哲学家

philanthropist=phil+anthrop=爱+人=慈善家

anthropology人类学

3、ancestor:祖先

an-在前面;fore-在前面

同义词:forefather,forebear

4、flint:燧石,打火石

flintingheart心太硬,残忍无比、歹毒

近义词:cobble鹅卵石

Don'tactasyouweretheonlypebbleonthebeach.不要太自以为是

5、rot:腐烂

Leavemerot.=Leavemealone.

Rottodeath.自生自灭。

Soonripe,soonrotten.早慧早衰。

Heisrottontocore.他坏透顶了。

同义词:decay;

decompo:分解;

deteriorate:关系恶化(同学们自己查查它的读音)

6、trace:痕迹

tracetheproblem.用作动词,跟踪,找到毛病的根源

Ifollowyourtrace=Ifollowwhereveryougo

二、课文重点难点分析

Wecanreadofthingsthathappened5,000yearsagointheNearEast,

wherepeoplefirstlearnedtowrite.

1、readof读到

相似用法:谈到speakof、talkof、了解到knowof、听说过hearof

2、知识点:NearEast:Mediterranean,SouthEurope,NorthAfrica

MiddleEast:WestAsia

FarEast:Chian,Japan,Korea

3、where从句是非限制性从句表原因:我们能够....,因为那里的人们首先学会了书写。

4、补充练习:翻译-口语早于书面语出现

翻译一:Oral(spoken)languageiarlierthanwrittenlanguage.

翻译二:Oral(spoken)languageisearlierthanwrittencounterpart.

同学们自己查字典学习-counterpart这个词

twothingsortwopeoplehavethesamepositionTheonlywaythatt

heycanprervetheirhistoryistorecountitassagas--legendsha

ndeddownfromonegenerationofstory-tellerstoanother.

5、prerve保留、保存、腌制(prervedvegetables腌菜)

6、本句结构是:Theonlyway...istorecount....(主、系、表结构)

如果句子中有only,那么后面跟的表语结构要用todosth.不能用doingsth.

7、handeddown定语=legendswherearehandeddown

8、story-teller讲故事的人fortune-teller、palmreader算命先生

Thelegendsareufulbecautheycantellussomethingabout

migrationsofpeoplewholivedlongago,butnonecouldwritedown

whattheydid.

9、migration:移民

注意几个相关词汇:

migrantbird:侯鸟

immigrant:移民(移入)

emigrant:移民(移出)

同学们仔细体会这几个词的差异,因为我知道很多同学学英语,打算出国留学、办移民,所以这

几个词将来会经常用到。

10、none=nobody

AnthropologistswonderedwheretheremoteancestorsofthePolynesian

peoples(民族)nowlivinginthePacificIslandscamefrom.

11、Polynesianpeoples:people+s复数表示民族。

Butthefirstpeoplewhowerelikeourlveslivedsolongago

thateventheirsagas,iftheyhadany,areforgotten.

12、重要句型:iftheyhadany插入语表示强调-‘即便是有’

Hisrelatives,ifhehad(any),neverwenttovisithimwhenhewashospi

talized.

Soarchaeologistshaveneitherhistorynorlegendstohelpthemtofin

doutwherethefirst''modernmen''camefrom.

13、neither:读音,英音[ai],美音[i:]还有either这个词

14、find与findout的区别:findout指千方百计、费尽周折后找到=explore

15、modernmen=whowerelikeourselves

Fortunately,however,ancientmenmadetoolsofstone...

16、知识点:表示转折的连接词-however、but、yet

规律:but、yet不要加任何标点,onlyatthebeginningofntence

howerver:放在anywhereyouwant,加逗号

therefore和so的用法同上,therefore可以放任何地方;so只在句首

17、tool小工具instrument实验器械equipment设备

18、mayhave表推测

Theymayalsohaveudwoodandskins...

19、peel果皮leather皮革hide兽皮cowhide牛皮

Stonedoesnotdecay,andsothetoolsoflongagohaveremainedwhen

eventhebonesofthemenwhomadethemhavedisappeared

withouttrace.

20、without(any)trace

Irunafterthethief,butheturnedthecorneranddisappearedwit

houttrace.

Lesson2:Sparethatspider

Newwordsandexpressions生词短语

flocksandherds牛群和羊群

/flCk/thebirdsofthesamefeatherflocktogether.物以类聚,人以群

youarethesameflock.也可指人ﻫherd多指牛群cowherdcowboythrong

andcrowdswarmﻫowe/[U/vt.感激欠Ioweyou.Ioweyouabigfavor.欠

issue

obligeindebtappreciate----常用口语词正式:gratefulthankful

beast/bi:st/n兽形容人野蛮无比,不能用animal形容ﻫcreature可以

指小孩,女人,不用于男性.

fraction/'frAkF[n/n.小部分分数,小数afractionofricewillsuffice

onone'sbehalf代表...利益

Ibeatyouonyourbehalf.我打你是为你好onbehalfofsomebody/something

alfofchinegovernmentonbehalfof=representﻫauthority/C:'

WCriti/n.权威authorize批准authoritative权威性的authoritarian独裁的ﻫ

-tarian带有这种词缀的词都是坏词dictator独裁者dictatorial独裁的ﻫauthorities

1.权威(可单数可复数)2.当局(复数)ﻫcensus/ns[s/n.统计数据thefifth

nationalpopulationcensur审查

censorious挑剔的,挑刺的

acre/'eik[/n.英亩1acre=4047squaremeters

footballpitch足球场footballyardfootballcourtfootballfieldﻫbe

contentwith满足于满足作表语,不能出现定语结构ﻫHeiscontentwith

statusquo.contentedheart:心满意足的人ﻫspare/spZ[/v.不伤害,宽恕sp

aremeHedoesn’tsparehimlf.

Isparenoeffortstolearnenglish.(sparenoefforts:不遗余力作什么)

Notesonthetext课文注释ﻫwhy,youmaywonder-youmaywonderwhy

插入语先不管插入语,弄清句子结构ﻫyoumaywonderwhyspidersshouldbe

ourfriends?插入语位置不固定

why以疑问句开头

why,youmaywonder,theproblemofpollutionbefallshumanbeings.

why,youmaywonder,oneofmyfriendsissokindhearted.

destroy程度比damage要重得多,片甲不留,消灭光ﻫtearintopieces

dearenemyﻫgreatestenemies:天敌dyingenemycryingenemy

humanrace:人的种族,一般不加复数,表示一个总称词ﻫimpossible和possible

永远不要以人开头

Itisimpossibleforsomebodytodosomething.ﻫlikely可以以人做主

语。iamlikelytogo.probable也不以人做主语

theywould表示假设ﻫdevour狼吞虎咽devourthefood

makeacakeofmylfmakeagodofmylf

devourthebookﻫit虚拟语气前面是主句,下面是条件句ﻫ前面一般的加动词devour,

后面用一般过去时ﻫIfitwerenotfor:如果这不是因为

Iwouldnotsurviveifitwerenotforhistimelyhelp.ﻫbutfor一定

是虚拟语气=ifitwerenotforﻫowe感激,欠ioweyou.

引出主题allofthemputtogether:把他们堆到一起ﻫdestroyed后置定语,重心

转到spider谓语动词是kill

Lesson3Matterhornman

Newwordsandexpressions生词短语

1、alpinist(1.1)/'$lpinist/n.登山运动员

词根:alp-ﻫclimbermountaineer

Alps(1.16)/$lps/n.阿尔卑斯山脉Alpine(1.9)/$lpain/adj.阿尔卑斯山的ﻫ2、at

tain(1.4)/+'tein/v.到达ﻫtogetto

toarriveat/in

toattainone’sgoal=realize

attainyouth永葆青春ﻫtoattainthetop/peak/summit达到顶点ﻫattainme

nt(n)attainments成就accomplishmentﻫ3、perilous(1.5)/'peril+s/adj.危险的peri

lﻫ(随时可能出现的)危险

avalanche雪崩ﻫ4、shudder(1.5)/'M)d+/v.不寒而栗ﻫshudder:quickandsudd

en

tremble:longandveryobviousﻫ5、gooutofone’swayﻫ专门bythe

way顺路toomuchforme受不起

6、court(multiplemeanings多义词)ﻫ朝廷朝臣courtier

courteous彬彬有礼的ﻫ法庭ﻫ娱乐场足球场soccer/footballcourt高尔夫球场golf

court

追求

招致骄兵必败pridecourtsfailureﻫsol-独ﻫsolo独唱ﻫ独奏

7、solitary(1.6)/'s&lrt+ri/adj.唯一的

solitude孤独ﻫIliveinsolitude.=Ilivealonelylife.

8、pioneer(1.2)/?pai+'n+/v.开辟,倡导;n.先锋,开辟者ﻫ9、impoverish(11.9

-10)/$m'p&v+rM/v.使贫困ﻫpoor(口语词)ﻫcomplete

罗素名言:Agreatmanymanwillcheerfullyfaceinpoverishmentiftheyc

ansecureﻫruinfortheirrival,hencepresentleveloftaxation.ﻫ许多

人会高兴的面对贫困,如果他们能使对手落魄,因此出现了现在的税收水平。

10、coar(1.12)/k&:s/adj.粗劣的ﻫcoarsethroat嗓子哑

sorethroat

coarsefare

嗓子发炎

粗粮ﻫrefinedfair细粮

coarseandrefinedﻫinacoarsemanner粗暴无礼ﻫ用法:以人作主语,夸耀;以物

作主语,拥有

11、boast(1.12)/b+ust/v.自恃有ﻫHeboastedthatofhisknowledge.ﻫThece

nterboastsateamofhighqualify(qualifiedresearchers.)

12、parishioner(1.13)/p+riM+n+/n.教区居民ﻫ13、shepherd(1.14)/'Mep+d/n.牧羊

人ﻫ14、linen(1.15)/'linin/n.亚麻布床单ﻫparish教区ﻫ羊herdﻫ兽群ﻫsheepshe

Notesonthetext课文注释ﻫ1、Route路线Road道路ﻫ2、goodsports:

stimulus刺激thrilling震撼、兴奋ﻫ3、regardregardsbwithsth(感情词love

hatredhorrorrespect)ﻫDad,Iregardyouwithhorror.爸爸,我很害怕

你。ﻫ4、pineeringdays,ancient(先人时期)

5、notatall根本不case这回事

6、bedoing表达当时的行动(状态)ﻫ7、top:顶点summit山顶peak山顶

Thesceneryisatthepeakofthemountain.无限风光在险峰。ﻫIam

atthetopoftheworld.我在世界之巅。Summitmeeting峰会

8、attain到达conquer征服

9、beofthemostperilousnaturenature特点、特性

themostperilousdifficultiesanddangers

学会beofthe+adj+noun结构Heisthekindestman.=Heist

hemanofthekindestman.

10、equipped表示当时的一种伴随。

11、inamanner以这样的方式

12、makesbdosth(省to结构)ﻫ13、atthethought一想到,ment

ion一提到,idea一想到ﻫ这个结构后面加介词of原文即atthethoughtof

theirpoorequipmentﻫ14、gooutofone’sway刻意intentionallyeyec

atching引人注目的

15、thereallivingconditions真实生存状况ﻫ16、nowadays插入语,现在回

想起来,可在句首、句末

17、exceptfor把其中的一部分扣除

18、tendtobe倾向于ﻫ19、settlement生存地、驻扎地

20、cutoff=whicharecutoffﻫ21、flearidden跳蚤

22、astheywere可以这么说,插入语还有asitwere

Thisbookis,asitwere,hislifeportrait.这本书,可是说,是他的人生

写照。

23、local当地的ﻫ24、wine低度酒alcohol酒精alcoholic酒鬼

25、boast拥有priest牧师shepherd牧羊人invariably=allthesameﻫ2

6、dirtandpoverty,andveryuncomfortable(结构不符合习惯,不可学)

27、course一道菜

28、musthavebeen表推测

29、beaccustomedto,beudto+名词、动名词

IamusedtothelifeinBejing.IamusedtolivinginBejing.ﻫ30、

早餐:scratchameal中午餐:snack快餐晚餐:dinner

31、thechangeto

Educationbringsgreatchangetohisoutlook/viewonlife.ﻫ教育使他的

面貌(对生活的看法)产生了很大变化。

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