top chef

绝密★启用前

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

英语

（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡

皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡

上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每

段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.

答案是C。

willJamesdotomorrow?

t.

canwesayaboutthewoman?

'sgenerour.'scurious.'shelpful.

doesthetraifleave?

6:30.:30.10:30.

doesthewonarsRwr?m

istheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

.ient.

第二节（共15小题；每小题分，满分分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳

选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的

作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

doesthewomanregret?

upherrearch.

outofcollege.

hermajor.

isthewomaninterestedinstudyingnow?

...

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

istheman?

iver.

isthemandoingforthewoman?

forsomelocalfoods.

heraroundtheaside.

informationaboutahotel.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

doestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

estaurant.

willthespeakersdotomorowevening?

dextrahours.

isAlicegoingtocall?

..

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

doesthewomanmeettheman?

lookatanapartment.

deliversomefurniture.

haveamealtogether.

doesthewomanlikeaboutthecarpet?

lity.

doesthemansayaboutthekitchen?

'sagoodsize.''sadequatelyequipped.

willthewomanprobablydonext?

t.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

isthespeakerprobablytalkingto?

ts.

didthespeakertakeEngishlclass?wwn

helefthishometown.

hecametoAmerica.

hewas15yearsold.

doesthespeakerfeelabouthisteacher?

'sproud.'ssympathetic.'sgrateful.

doesthespeakermainlytalkabout?

educationshapedhislife.

hislanguageskillsimproved.

hemanagedhisbusinesswell.

第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Washington,.BicycleTours

CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,.

DurationTour

Thissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoeaworld-famouscherrytreeswithbeautiful

flowersofWashington,.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamous

eyourspotbeforeavailability—thecherryblossoms—

disappear!

WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour

Duration:3hours(4miles)

JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington,.Explore

themonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistory

tourincludesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.

CapitalCityBikeTourInWashington,.

Duration:3hours

MorningorAfternoon,ersandlocalslooking

toexperienceWashington,.dgeableguideswill

entertainyouwiththemost,interestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.

Comfortablebikesandasmoothtourroute(路线）makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandCapital

SitesatNightBicycleTour

Duration:3hours(7miles)

JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,.Get

upclotothemonumentsandmemorialsasyourbikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNational

ntstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.

Tourincludesbike,helmet,ersareequippedwithreflectivevestsand

safetylights.

doyouneedtobookinadvance?

BlossomlikeTourinWashington,.

gtoncapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.

lCityBikeTourinWashington,.

gtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.

willyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?

ationalpark.

nterestingstories.

ofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?

s.

lights

B

GoodMorningBritain’sSusannaReidisudtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,

butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedelicious

andnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.

InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchef

MattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder£5

GoodMorningBritainprentersaysshe’sbeenabletoputalotof

whatshe’sleantintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,and

Jack,11.

"WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,"

sheexplains."Ipay£5foraportion(一份),butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becauthey

areflour,water,odycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe’renotaware

howcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourlves."

Theeight-partries(系列节自),SaveMoney:GoodFood,followsinthefootstepsofITV’s

SaveMoney:GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeof

healthproductsonthemarket.

Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouholdexpen,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferent

ght’sEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsome

mtransformsthefamily’slongweekendofcelebration

withlesxpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.

weknowaboutSusannaReid?

startedanewprogramme.

hadalightbudget

forherfamily.

sMattTebbutthelpSusanna?

aresfoodforherkids.

tesguestfamiliesfor

her.

estheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?

esomeadviceforthereaders.

uceanewtopicfor

discussion.

nbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

ingOurDailyDiet

gWellforLess

C

Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehas

etheworldwasstillpopulatedby

hunter-gatherers,small,tightlyknit(联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeech

independentofeachlanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfive

totenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.

Soonafterwards,manyofthopeoplestartedttlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheir

ntcentres,trade,industrialisation.

thedevelopally

glbalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecaudmanyLanguages

todisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish．SpanishandChineareincreasinglytaking

over.

Atprent,tributionofthelanguagesishugely

pokenbymany

eshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallhasonlyaround200Languages:the

Americasabout1,2400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNew

iannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere,which

meansthathalftheworldslanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanwellover400ofthetotal

of,6,800languagesareclotoextinction(消亡),,

atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150).LipanApache

intheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion-mark):noneof

theemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.

nweinferaboutlanguagesinhuntergatherertimes?

relargeinnumber.

reclolyconnected

fthefollowingbestexplains"dominant"underlinedinparagraph2？

.ed.

..

ylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatprent?

68003400

1-200

theminideaofthetext?

guageswillbecreated.

BPeopleslifestylesarereflectedinlanguages

evelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages

phydetermineslanguageevolution.

D

Wemaythinkwe'reaculturethatgetsridofourworntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomething

shinyandnew,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourolddevices(装置)wellafterthey

’sbadnewsfortheenvironment—andourwallets—astheoutdated

devicesconsumemuchmoreenergythantheneweronesthatdothesamethings.

Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthedevicesareusing,CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesat

theRochesterInstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedtheenvironmentalcostsforeachproduct

throughoutitslife—

methodswere

groupedbygeneration—Desktopcomputers,basicmobilephones,andbox-tTVsdefined1992.

3players,smartphones,andLCDTVntered

homesin2002,beforetabletsande-readersshowedupin2007.

Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,wedidn'tthrowoutouroldones."Theliving-room

televisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekids'room,andsuddenlyoneday,youhaveaTV

ineveryroomofthehou,"ragenumberofelectronicdevicesro

'renotjustkeepingtheolddevices—we

ingtotheanalysisofBabbitt'steam,olddesktopmonitorsandbox

TVswithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergyconsumptionandcontribution

togreenhougamissions（排放）morethandoublingduringthe1992to2007window.

Sowhat'sthesolution（解决方案）?Theteam'sdataonlywentupto2007,buttherearchers

alsoexploredwhatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproductswithnewelectronicsthatrve

morethanonefunction,undthatmore

on-demandentertainmentviewingontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscouldcutenergy

consumptionby44%.

estheauthorthinkofnewdevices?

enobetterthantheold.

outofstylequickly.

Babbitt'steamconducttherearch?

cethecostofminerals.

thelifecycleofaproduct.

teconsumersonnewtechnology.

outelectricityconsumptionofthedevices.

fthefollowingustheleastenergy?

let.

ktopcomputer.

esthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutoldelectronicdevices?

emapart.

ethem.

第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Colorisfundamentalinhomedesign——somethingyou’

ofhowtomanagecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirststepstocreatingroomsyou’lllove

antaroomthat’sfulloflife?Professional?Orareyoujustlookingfor

aplacetorelaxafteralongday?36,coloristhekeytomakingaroomfeelthewayyou

wantittofeel.

Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberofdifferenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproach

thisimportantpoint.37,dnewsisthatthere’re

reallyonlythreekindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyourhome:thesmallones,

themediumones,andthelargeones.

’rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrowpillows,mirrorsandbasketsthat

ringthanpaintingyourwallsandless

expensivethanbuyingacolorfulsofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificantbenefit

ofbeingeasilychangeable.

Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniturepiecessuchassofas,dinnertablesor

quireabiggercommitmentthansmallerones,andtheyhaveamore

powerfuleffectonthefeelingofaspace.

Thelargecolordecisionsinyourroomsconcernthewalls,ceilings,r

you’relookingatwallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpenputintoitare

significant.40.

llofthemareuful

eryou’relookingfor

’reexperimentingwithacolor

olorchoicesaretheoneswe’remostfamiliarwith

’snotreallyagoodideatoutoomanysmallcolorpieces

ystobesure,becauyouwanttogetitrightthefirsttime

hoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthesmallonesintwomajorways

第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题分，满分30分学@科网)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Duringmycondyearatthecitycollege，Iwastoldthattheeducationdepartmentwasoffering

a"free"cour,calledThinkingChess,forthree41theideaoftakingtheclassbecau，

afterall,whodoesn'twantto42afewdollars?Morethanthat,I'dalwayswantedtolearnchess.

And,evenifIweren’t43enoughaboutfreecredits,newsaboutour44wasappealingenough

ninternationalgrandmaster,which45Iwouldbelearningfromoneofthegame's

hardlywaitto47him.

MauriceAshleywaskindandsmart,aformergraduatereturningtoteach,andthis48was

nogameforhim:ntroduction,hemadeit49thatourcreditswould

rto50theclass,amongothercriteria,wehadtowriteapaperon

howweplanto51whatwewouldlearninclasstoourfutureprofessionsand,52,toourlives.

ImanagedtogetanAinthat53andlearnedlifelessonsthathavervedmewellbeyondthe

54.

TenyearsaftermychessclasswithAshley,I'mstillputtingtouwhathe55me:“Theabsolute

ysingle

moveyouhaveto58asituation,processwhatyouropponent(对手）isdoingand59thebest

movefromamongallyouroptions.”Thewordsstillringtruetodayinmy60asajournalist.

down

ctor

.

e

e

ly

ment

ion

ed

ts

l

te

or

第二节（共10小题；每小题分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears61(long)

'thavetorunfastorforlong62(e)drink,

smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof63(die)earlybyrunningregatesalstly

cann'tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit64(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife

65walking,heauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublished

in201466showedamerefiveto10minutesAdayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdia

andearlydeathsfromall67(cau).

erwi…it'sprobablyrunning.

Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisto68(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌

肉),gischeap,easyandit'salways69

(energy).Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsas

othersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive70atry.

第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)

第一节短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错

误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的次。

删除：把多余的用斜线（）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第l1处起）不计分。

Duringmylastwinterholiday,Iwenttocountrysidewithmyfathertovisitmygrandparents.

sttimeIwentthere,theywerelivinginasmallhouwithdogs,

ducks,nterwhenIwenthereagain,theyhadabigparatehou

soIwenthereagain,theyhadabigparntehoutorai

dozensofalsohadasmallpond,dpasaidlastsummertheyearned

ndofourtrip,

ItoldmyfatherthatIplannedtoreturnforeverytwoyears,butheagreed.

第二节书面表达(满分25分)

假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry将去中国朋友家做客，发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你回复邮

件。内容包括：

1.到达时间；

2.合适的礼物；

绝密★启用前

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

英语

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ndofourtrip,ItoldmyfatherthatIplanned

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but

and

heagreed.

书面表达（略）