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personalization

更新时间:2022-12-31 22:33:12 阅读：评论：0

2022年12月31日发(作者：园丁的意思)

工商导论题型如下：

一、Translating（共25题，每小题目1分，共25分）

二、ScrambledSentences（共9题，每小题目1分，共9分）

三、MultipleChoices（共20题，每小题目1分，共20分）

四、TorF（共20题，每小题目1分，共20分）

五、Matching（共12题，每小题目1分，共12分）

六、QuestionsandAnswers（共2题，每小题目7分，共14分）



eproprietorshipislesspopularthantheotherformsofbusinessownership.F

allfirmsprefertheproprietorshipwhilelargecompaniespreferthe

corporation.T

eproprietorship,deathoftheownermayforceanendtothebusiness.T

ytherearenoprovisionsfoundinapartnership.F

isingisamajorpartofretailmerchandisingThefranchisorsuppliesimportant

training,managementknow-how,andsupervisiontofranchies.T

ofacorporationarepersonallyliableforallthedebts.F

dpartnersarenotallowedtoexercimanagerialauthority.T

fficultforacorporationtollitsstockintheownership.F

lessofthesizeofthecorporation,thestockholdersaretheowners.T

htsanddutiesofaareregulatedbyalegalagreemententeredintobythe

co-owners.

rship

ising

panythatllsthefranchiisthe.

isor

votingonthepropodmergerofthecompanynextweek.

olders

sivelosshavepreventedthecompanyfromdeclaringathisyear.

tissomethingacompanyposss,whichisnotmaterialbutsomethingel

suchasagoodreputation.

ible

ployer'sliabilitycoversaccidentsthatyouhaveyourwaytoworkbutnot

yourwayhome.

,,in

,,on

oungpeoplehaveconsiderableinmarketing.

ment

enced

aratelegalentity,acorporationcansueandbesuedinownname.

anchiagreementsallowthefranchiesveryfreedomtoexercitheirown

ingenuity.

ketingprocessistheperformanceofbusinessactivitiesthatdirectstheflowof

goodsorrvicesfromtheproducertotheconsumerorurtosatisfytheirneedsand

wants.T

dingprincipleofthemarketingconceptisthatthebasicobjectiveofthefirmis

tomakethemaximumprofit.F

yreferstothepowerofagoodorrvicetosatisfyahumanwant.T

ingstrategyconsistsof(1)identifyingthemarketgment,and(2)determining

themarketmix,whichincludesproduct,price,distribution,andpromotion.T

ductlifecycleconsistsoffivestages:planning,introduction,growth,maturity,

anddecline.F

mploydifferentpricingstrategieswhenmarketingtheirproductsandrvices.T

aldistributionfulfillstwomainobjectives:(1)specializationoflaborand(2)

geographicallocation.T

oplebuyisnotusuallyaffectedbywheretheyliveandwork.F

tingandanalyzingdatatoidentifyamarketforthegoodsorrvicesisnotvery

importantintheprocessofmarketing.F

gmentationistodivideamarketintogmentsaccordingtocustomers'

needs,wantsandinterest.T

panywillbalancethebenefitsthecostsofmedicalinsuranceforallthe

employees.



eedinmarketing,wemusthaveaclearideaof.

ecustomersneed

ecustomerswant

usthemtobuy

heabove

gottobeabitmoreinthewaythatweapproachthistask.



atically

medownfromLondonforthemeetingandElizabethflewinfromSydney,and

whenthemeetinghadfinished,theyreturnedtotheirhomes.

tively

tive

entalityemstobeaofallthewritersofthatperiod.

teristic

cteristically

ofteachingreformistotransformexam-orientededucationinto

education.

-oriented

tractthatImustgiveamonth'snoticeifIleavemyjob.

ic

ified

taxpolicywouldforcethecompaniestoenergy-savingmeasures.



ancialdepartmentwillintegrateallthedepartmentreportsoneannual

statement.



opledebatewhetherthemajorityoftoday'sfirmsactuallypractice

theconcept.

ed



cializationisthefinalstepinthenew-productdevelopment.T

ssiblethatbrandnamescanbecomegenericterms.T

einpriceleveltypicallycausachangeintheamountoftheproduct

demand.T

mustbehighforproductswithastockturnoverandlowforproductswitha

lowturnover.F

ctwithlittledistinctivenessshouldua"skimthecream"policy.F



givesidentitytoaproduct.T

markgivesaproductlegalprotectionfrominfringementbyothercompanies.T

nes,milk,cigarettes,andacandybarareallconsideredshoppinggoods.F

tunusualforafirmtosufferalossduringtheintroductorystageofaproduct's

lifecycle.T

niencegoodtoonepersoncanbeaspecialtygoodtoanotherperson.T

1-41

Skimming

Penetration

Pricelining

Oddprice

Prototype

Shopping

goods

Settingapriceatanoddamountslight

belowthenexthighestdollarfigure.

Offeringmerchandiatalimitednumber

tofprices.

Theworkingsampleofthepropod

product.

Chargingthehighestpriceforanew

productduringtheintroductorystageand

loweringitlateron

Productsforwhichtheconsumersspenda

lotoftimeshoppinginordertocompare

price,quality,andstyle.

Introducinganewproductatalowprice

inhopesofbuildingsalesvolumequickly.

1-25

rmsllinglow-costitemswilltendtou

personalllingratherthanadvertising.

ultofthumb,itisbesttohavepersonal

llingbeforeadvertisinginordertoinform

customersandthenpersuadethem.

rialproductsshouldnormallybehighly

advertid.

tadvertisingisaformofpublicrelations.

nerallysimpleforconsumerstodetermine

thetypeofadvertisingthattheyareexpodto.

1-26

-of-purchaadvertisingisreallyawaste

becauthecustomerisalreadyinthestore.

relationscanbeudtosupplement

advertisingandpersonalllingefforts.

isinghasproventobeaneconomicwaste.

1-27

hatwantstoincludedetailedexplanations

inanadvertimentwouldmostlikeu:

rdisplay.

ne.

vantageofmagazineadvertisingis:

ivity.

ge.

antageofradioadvertisingis:

celection.

heabove.

1-28

antageofdirectmailadvertisingis:

alization.

heabove.

esstepthatreassurethecustomeraboutthe

purchadecisionandcheckssatisfactoryrviceis

the:

cting.

tration.

fthefollowingisthebroader,more

comprehensiveterm?

ity

ing

1-29

Inwhichofthefollowingadvertisingmediaisthe

leastamountofmoneyspenteachyear?

ne

sion

isinginrtsthatcanberedeemedforcash

areclassifiedas:

gstamps.

ms.

promotiontechniquethatofferscash

merchandiasprizesisknownas:

s.

ltyadvertising

1-30

sareparticularlyufulin

promoting:

nsiveproduct.

gnproduct

1-1

cialbanksacceptdepositsandmakeloans

toindividualsandorganizationsaswell.

nitedStates,commercialbanksare

charteredonlybythefederalgovernment.

nyissuingcreditcardsisrequiredbylaw

toguaranteepaymentforgoodsandrvices

purchadbyitscardholders.

cyexchangerviceisusuallyofferedin

investmentbanks.

ustomercanpayhisorherbanktoopena

letterofcreditthatpromistopaytheaddresefor

thetransaction.

1-25

nfundspoolfundssoastoprovideincome

fortheirmembers.

ment



ingaccountallowsitsholdertodrawhis

cashhisaccount.



isawrittenforabanktopaya

statedamountofmoneytothebusinessand

individualsindicatedonthefaceofthecheck.

t

1-26

evocableletterofcredithelpedtheexporter

obtainthefromtheimporter.

ity

ncecompaniesalwaysinvesttheirfundsin

realestateandgovernmentandearnprofitsto

payforinsuredloss.

cts

ties

ncanpayhisbanktodrawupabanker's

acceptance,instructingittopaythespecified

amountatafuturedate.

r

ss

1-27

ndersrequiresometypeoffor

businessandpersonallong-termloans.

ment

tion

usinesxtendscredittoitscustomer,it

hastodeterminewhetherthatcustomerwillbe

willingandabletopayforits.

purcha

ry

ederalRerveSystemregulatesthe

rerverequirementandthe.

cyrate

rate

1-28

Financial

counling

Bank

balance

mortgage

Currency

exchange

Checkable

deposit

Letterof

credit

Checksissuedbythebankstotheirclientsare

udbybankclientstopayfortheirpurchas

orfeesthroughtheirbank.

Aloadwhichabanklendstoapersontobuya

property,whichrvesasacurityforthe

load.

Adocumentissuedbyabankonbehalfof

customerauthorizingpaymenttoasupplier

whenconditionsspecifiedindocumentaremet.

Recommendationsthebankofficersofferon

investmentopportunitiesinmutualfunds,

curities,etcforfees.

Acommercialbankrvicewhichallows

peopletoexchangecurrency.

Theamountofmoneyinabankaccountata

particulartime.

1-28

softheirfinancialrvices,commercial

banksmakeloansandofferlinesofcredittotheir

clients

rgeandcredit-worthyfirmscanrai

short-termfundsbyissuingitscommercialpaper.

arecaintheUnitedStatesthatmoneyis

notneededbothtostartabusinessandtokeepit

going.

ingmoneyfromfriendsandfamily

membersisthebestmeansoffinancing.

-termfinancingismoneythatwillbeud

foraperiodofoneyearorlessandthenrepaid.

1-29

alersusuallydon'tneedshort-term

financingtobuilduptheirinventoriesbeforepeal

llingperiods.

owisthemovementofmoneyintoandout

ofabusiness.

tisastatementthatprojectsrevenuesand

expendituresoveraspecifiedpastperiod.

-termfinancingisusuallyneededforlarge

businesxpansions.

1-18

tingistheprocessofsystematically

collecting,analyzing,andreportingfinancial

information.

tinginformationisudprimarilyby

management,anditisofnointeresttocreditors,

suppliers,stockholders,andgovernment.

ountingequationisthebasfor

accountingprocess:Asts=liabilities+owners'

equity.

1-19

ess'sprofitsaretheamountofmoneythat

remainsafterallbusinesxpenshavebeenfrom

thesalesrevenue.



tsreceivablearetheamountsabuyerowesa

businessforgoodsorrvicesdeliveredtohimbutnot

yetfor.

t

eceivablearetheamountsowedtoacompany

orindividualandevidencedbyanotetopay.

ting

ing

1-20

tspayablearetheamountsacompany

owestosuppliersforgoodsorrvicesbutnot

yetpaidfor.

t

encymeanstheconditionofabusiness

whencreditors'claimxceedthevalueofproperty--

whenliabilitiexceed.

er

s

iationisunderstoodasthereductionof

astsofabusinessduetoorobsolescence.



1-21

'sinventoryincludetherawmaterials,

purchadparts,partlymanufacturedgoods,finished

goods,andothermaterialsacompanyin

ordertoproduceorllgoodstocustomers.

t



tastsareabusiness'saststhatcanbe

turnedintowithinayear.

l

-termliabilitiesareafirm'sdebtandthat

neednotbepaidforatleastayearinthefuture.

tions

1-14

stockreprentsashareintheownershipof

acorporation.

eainthemarketvalueofacertainstock

increasthevalueofaninvestmentinthatstock.

splitisthedivisionofeachoutstandingshare

ofalistedfirm'sstockintoagreatnumberofshares.

lativeinvestmentisoftenmadeinthehopeof

earningaquickandlargeprofitinashortperiod.

sofspeculativeinvestmentcanoftenleadto

largegains.

1-15

brokerisanindividualwhobuysorlls

curitiesforclients,oftenofferscurities

informationandadvishisclientsregarding

investment.

YorkStockExchangeisthecond

largestcuritiesmarketintheUnitedStates.

1-16

storwhointendstobuystockforincome

mustevaluatethelistedfirm'arning.

ial

iescanraiforexpansionbyissuing

bonds.



companiesarerequiredtondtheir

shareholdersfinancialstatementscompletedbyan.



eaccountant

1-17

abonddoesnotgivesitsholderpartof

theofacompanyasbuyingastockdoes.



offinancingistoissuebondsona

curitiesmarket.



al

nywishingtoissuebondsisrequiredto

bebyanindependentauditingfirm.

d评估

估价ted

1-18

illwheninterestratesofbanksincrea.



dfirmmaypayitsstockholdersstockdividends

inplaceofcash.

nds

splitisoftendesignedtobringdownthe

marketofastocktoanexpectedpricerange.

ation

orsoftenthestockmarketthroughthe

stockaveragethatarereportedinnewspapersandonTV

newsprograms.

估计

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