head start

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2022年12月31日发(作者:myhappyending)

英语高考“七选五”阅读理解真题详解2

2018全国卷Ⅱ

【高考真题解题例析】

为了让大家能把上面所提到的解题原则、方法和步骤能运用到具体的解题实践之中,

下面以2018年英语高考全国卷Ⅱ中的“七选五”阅读理解试题的解答为例来说明如何

解题。

卷别

主题语境

阅读

总量

段落数

与文本

结构

考查技

句际

关系

设题类

型与层

2018

全国

卷Ⅱ

人与自我之

生活与学

习:早晨锻

炼的益处

216+73

=

289

6

总分总

结构

69.

7

36连接条件

段落层

37同义例证段落层

38重复解释

段落层

39重复总分主旨句

40重复总分主旨句

【高考真题】

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为

多余选项。

Ifyouarealreadymakingthetimetoexerci,itisgoodindeed!Withsuchbusylives,it

canbehardtotryandfindthetimetoworkout.36Workingoutinthemorning

providesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.

●singmakesyoumoreawakeandreadytohandle

whateverisaheadofyoufortheday.37

●Yourmetabolism(新陈代谢)getsaheadstart.38Ifyouworkoutinthe

mornings,thenyouwillbegettingthecalorie(卡路里)burningbenefitsforthewholeday,

notinyoursleep.

●39Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyforexercisleptbetterthan

energizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxand

haveapeacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.

●40Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,youwillbemorelikelyto

ldwanttoruintheirgoodworkout

byeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofocusonpositivechoices.

Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,ralarm

clockanhourearlyandpushyourlftoworkout!Youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.

Answers

3637383940

lsticktoyourdiet.

alityofsleepimproves.

ferhealthyfoodtofastfood.

snoreasonyoushouldexerciinthemorning.

keepyourheadclearfor4-10hoursafterexerci.

ouexerci,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.

replanningtodoexerciregularly,oryou’redoingitnow,thenlistenup!

【语篇解析】

Ifyouarealreadymakingthetimetoexerci,itisgoodindeed!

Withsuchbusylives,itcanbehardtotryandfindthetimetowork

out.36Workingoutinthemorningprovidesadditional

benefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.

引入

话题

明确

主题

总说

●singmakesyoumore

awakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.

37

●Yourmetabolism(新陈代谢)getsaheadstart.38Ifyou

workoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbegettingthecalorie(卡路

里)burningbenefitsforthewholeday,notinyoursleep.

●39Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearlyfor

energizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhaveapeacefulsleep

whenyouareveryexcited.

●40Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,you

willbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoicesthroughouttheday.

Whowouldwanttoruintheirgoodworkoutbyeatingjunkfood?You

willwanttocontinuetofocusonpositivechoices.

平行

并列

关系

逐条

分说

Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,especiallyinthe

ralarmclockanhourearlyandpushyourlfto

workout!Youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.

照应总结

【解题过程】

第一步,快速浏览文章与选项,判定语篇类型、主题语境和篇章结构。快速浏览文

章的首段、4个项目符后的段首主旨句以及文章的最后一段,就可知道本文是一篇“总

—分—总”式结构说明文,留意首段中关键信息“exerci”和“benefitsbeyondbeing

physicallyfit”就可知道本文的语篇话题是——人与自我之生活与学习:早晨锻炼的益处。

本文的基本结构是:首段用来引入话题,明确文章的主旨;再由二至五段前的项目符以

及二、三段的首句可知每一段用来说明一个方面的益处,并且每这四个段落结构相同,

首句为主旨句,其它部分围绕主旨句展开;文章的最后一段再作以总结,与首段相呼应。

第二步,逐段阅读,充分利用语篇文本结构、段落结构、上下文逻辑关系、句式结

构、词汇衔接等来断定每空应填入的选项。

Ifyouarealreadymakingthetimetoexerci,itisgood

indeed!Withsuchbusylives,itcanbehardtotryandfindthe

timetoworkout.36Workingoutinthemorning

providesadditionalbenefitsbeyondbeingphysicallyfit.

replanningtodoexerciregularly,oryou’re

doingitnow,thenlistenup!

workout

doexerci

regularly

引入

话题

明确

主题

过渡

●singmakesyoumore

awakeandreadytohandlewhateverisaheadofyoufortheday.

37

keepyourheadclearfor4-10hoursafterexerci.

makesyou

more

awake

keepyour

headclear

分说

1

进一

步说

●Yourmetabolism(新陈代谢)getsaheadstart.38

Ifyouworkoutinthemornings,thenyouwillbegettingthe

calorie(卡路里)burningbenefitsforthewholeday,notinyour

sleep.

ouexerci,youcontinuetoburncalories

throughouttheday.

metabolism

burn

calories

calorie

burning

分说

2

展开

说明

●39Studiesfoundthatpeoplewhowokeupearly

forexercisleptbetterthanthowhoexercidintheevening.

Exercienergizesyou,soitismoredifficulttorelaxandhavea

peacefulsleepwhenyouareveryexcited.

alityofsleepimproves.

sleep

improves

sleptbetter

than,

peaceful

sleep

分说

3

概括

主旨

●40Ifyouworkoutbrightandearlyinthemorning,

youwillbemorelikelytosticktohealthyfoodchoices

ldwanttoruintheirgoodworkout

byeatingjunkfood?Youwillwanttocontinuetofocuson

positivechoices.

lsticktoyourdiet.

stickto

yourdiet

stickto

healthy

food

choices

throughout

theday.

分说

4

概括

主旨

Therearealotofbenefitstoworkingout,especiallyinthe

ralarmclockanhourearlyandpushyourlf

toworkout!Youwillfeelenergizedalldaylong.

总结照应总结

lsticktoyourdiet.

alityofsleepimproves.

ferhealthyfoodtofastfood.

snoreasonyoushouldexerciinthemorning.

keepyourheadclearfor4-10hoursafterexerci.

ouexerci,youcontinuetoburncaloriesthroughouttheday.

replanningtodoexerciregularly,oryou’redoingitnow,thenlistenup!

第一段首句引入文章话题“exerci”,36题所选的句子是一个承上启下的过渡句。

前一句中的“workout”和选项中的“doexerciregularly”在语意上相互衔接起来,根

据上文“如果你准备抽出时间锻炼,那很好。”“但是由于忙碌的生活,很难抽出时间锻

炼。”引出本文要说的事“晨练不仅对身体健康有益,还能给我们提供额外的好处。”所

以G选项符合语境,意为“如果你计划定期锻炼或者现在已经定期锻炼了,那么听好了!”

第二段中37题前一句中的“makesyoumoreawake”与选项中的“keepyourheadclear”

相对应,选项对前一句作进一步说明。选项E意思是“锻炼后,你的头脑可以保持清醒

4到10个小时”,呼应上一句“锻炼会让你更加神清气爽,更好地应对一天当中发生的

任何事情。”

第三段38题的上一句说的是晨练有利于新陈代谢,下一句说的是晨练能帮助消耗

卡路里,因此F句“锻炼后,这一天里你将继续消耗卡路里”符合逻辑,因此选F。

观察第二段和第三段可知第四段39题的设空和第五段40题的设定都应该是段落的

主旨句,并且会用到类似的句式结构。39空下一句讲的是晨练对睡眠的好处,因此B

句“睡眠质量得以提高”符合逻辑,因此选B。40题的下一句讲的是如果晨练,你就更

会坚持吃健康的食物,因此A句“你会坚持你的饮食习惯”符合逻

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