protests

（0173）《综合英语八》复习思考题

1．考试要求：考试采取开卷形式，时间120分钟，卷面总分80分。

2．试题结构：仍以五部分组成：词汇、完形填空、阅读理解、正误判断、

翻译。

3．试题说明及复习范围：

1）词汇：词汇部分的素材及所考单词全取自于教材，其形式为从多项选

择中选择适宜的单词填空。如以下例题。（复习要点是熟悉教材的课文

和生词）

例题：

（1）Theroosterpulledhixtravagantnecktoits_______length,hauled

himlfhighonhislegs,screamed,andblinked.（第四课）

ure

（2）Howoftenwereadofanoldpersonfounddeadinahovel,onamattress

partly______withbankbooksandstockcertificates.（第八课）

d

2）完形填空：与以往试题的同类形式相同。

3）阅读理解：在三段阅读理解短文中，第一段短文取自于教材，另两段

为其它材料。

例题：

（1）

Question1to5arebadonthefollowingpassage:

Protestsattheuofanimalsinrearchhavetakenanewandfearfulcharacterin

BritainwiththeattemptedmurderoftwoBritishscientistsbytheterroristtechniqueof

thepre-plantedcar-bomb.

Therearchcommunitywillrightlybealarmedatthedevelopments,which

havetwoobjectives:toaroupublicattentionandtofrightenpeopleworkingin

stneedisthateverythingshouldbedonetoidentifytho

enceRearchSocietyhas

takenthepracticalstepofofferingarewardof10,000poundsforinformationleading

tothoresponsible,areunlikelytobe

fessionalpolicewillsimilarlybeconfrontedbythe

usualproblemoffindinganeedleinahaystack.

ThatiswhytheintellectualcommunityinBritainandelwheremustactmore

reveralstepsthatcanbetaken,ofwhichthe

chiefoneistodemandofalltheorganizationsthatexistwiththedeclaredobjectivesof

safeguardingtheinterestsofanimalsthattheyshoulddeclareclearlywheretheystand

illnotbeenoughforthechairmenand

chairwomenoftheorganizationstoutterplacatorystatementsonbehalfofalltheir

eopleshouldalsoundertakethatitwillbeatestofcontinuing

membershipintheirorganizationsthatmembersandwouldbemembersshoulddeclare

ch

undertakingswouldnotbefullyeffective:people,afterall,eastthey

woulddistinguishtheorganizationntitledtoacontinuingvoiceinthedialoguewith

therearchcommunityabouttherightsofanimalsinrearchfromtheorganizations

thatdervenosay.

ds“thedevelopments”(Para.2,Line1)mostprobablyreferto______.

A)theactsofviolenceagainstscientists

B)theuofanimalsinrearch

C)thetechniquesofplantingbombsincars

D)theestablishmentofnewanimalprotectionorganization

fthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A)Thepoliceabandonedtheireffortstofindthecriminals.

B)Theterroristscapedwiththehelpoftheirorganizations.

C)TheattemptedmurdercaudgraveanxietyamongBritishscientists.

D)PeoplesympathizedmurdercaudgraveanxietyamongBritishscientists.

hor’spurpoinwritinghisarticleistodemandthatanimal-protecting

organizations______.

A)declaretheirobjectivesclearly

B)giveuptheuofviolence

C)continuethedialoguewiththescientificcommunity

D)helptofindthoresponsiblefortheattemptedmurder

uthor’sopinion______.

A)sincepeoplecanlie,theproblemabouttherightsofscientistscan’tbesolved

B)animal-protectingorganizationsaboutbeheldresponsibleforactsofviolence

againstscientists

C)animalprotectionorganizationsshouldbedeclaredillegal

D)thescientistsshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestoprotectthemlves

estheword“they”(Para.3,Line4)referto?

A)Theanimal-protectingorganizations.

B)Theorganizationsthatwilltalkwiththerearchcommunity.

C)Thowhosupporttheuofanimalsinrearch.

D)Thowhosupporttheanimal-protectionorganizations.

（2）

Questions6to10arebadonthefollowingpassage:

Theearliertypeofsuburb,whichwasmostdependentonthe

railroad,hadaspecialadvantagethatcouldbefullyappreciatedonly

uburbs,spreadoutalongarailroadline,

werediscontinuousandproperlyspaced;andwithouttheaidof

legislation,theywerelimitedinpopulationaswellasarea;forthe

biggestrarelyheldasmanyastenthousandpeople,andunderfive

1950,forexample,Bronxville,NewYork,

atypicalupper-classsuburb,had6,778people,whileRiverside,Illinois,

foundedaarlyas1869,hadonly9,153.

Thesizeandscaleofthesuburb,thatofaneighborhoodunit,was

notentirelytheresultofitsopenplanning,whichfavoredlowdensities.

Beingrvedbyarailroadline,withstationstopsfromthreetofive

milesapart,therewasanaturallimittothespreadofanyparticular

adtobesited“withineasywalkingdistanceofthe

railroadstation,”assomeoldresidentswouldpointout;andonlytho

wealthyenoughtoaffordahorandacarriagedaredtopenetratefarther

intotheopencountry.

Throughitsspacedstationstops,therailroadsuburbwasatfirst

keptfromspreadingorexcessivelyincreasinginnumbers,foranatural

greenbelt,oftenstillundercultivationaspark,gardens,remained

betweenthesuburbsandincreadtheavailablerecreationarea.

Occasionally,inafewhappyareaslikeWestchester,between1915and

1935aparkway,liketheBronxRiverparkway,accompaniedby

continuousstripofparkforpedestrianu,notyetoverrunbyaconstant

streamofurbantraffic,addedtotheperfectionofthewholesuburban

eronemightsayofthesocialdisadvantagesthiswasin

astedlessthana

generation.

sthespecialadvantageoftheoldtypeofsuburb?

A)Itsnearnesstotherailroad.

C)Itssmallsizeinareaandpopulation.

B)Thevastnessofitsopenspace.

D)Thehighsocialstatusofitsresidents.

eoftheoldsuburbwaslimitedbecau_____.

A)peoplewantedtoliveneararailroadstation

B)itwasoriginallyplannedbyrailroadcompanies

C)therewasalawgoverningthesizeofthesuburb

D)localinhabitantsdidn’tliketooutinthecountry

8.“happyareas”(Para3,Line4)wereareaswhere_____.

A)lifewanjoyedbyeveryone

B)moreroadswerebuilttobypasstheheavytraffic

C)agreenbeltwasavailablesolelyforrecreation

D)peoplecouldhavelotsoffun

identthatthewriter_____.

A)findsurbanlifeuncomfortable

B)preferslifeinthecountryside

C)feelsdisappointedinthechangesofsuburbs

D)advocatestheideaofreturningtonature

icdiscusdinthepassageis“_____”.

A)thesizeandscaleofsuburbanneighborhoodunits

B)theadvantageofold-typesuburbs

C)thelocationofrailroadstations

D)theconceptofthesuburbanpattern

(3)

Questions11to14arebadonthefollowingpassage:

Weallknowthatthenormalhumandailycycleofactivityisofsome7-8

hours’sleepalternationwithsome16-17hours’wakefulnessandthat,broadly

speaking,nt

concerniswithhoweasilyandtowhatextentthiscyclecanbemodified.

e,forexample,withwhich

peoplecanchangefromworkinginthedaytoworkingatnightisaquestionof

growingimportanceinindustrywhereautomationcallsforround-the-clock

allytakesfromfivedaystooneweekforapersonto

adapttoareverdroutineofsleepandwakefulness,sleepingduringthedayand

unately,itisoftenthecainindustrythatshiftsare

changedeveryweek;k,8a.

t,ans

thatnosoonerhashegotudtooneroutinethanhehastochangetoanother,so

thatmuchofhistimeisspentneitherworkingnorsleepingveryefficiently.

Theonlyrealsolutionappearstobetohandoverthenightshifttoanumberof

restingstudyofthedomesticlifeandhealthof

ndahighincidence

ofdisturbedsleepandotherdisordersamongthoonalternatingdayandnight

shifts,butnoabnormaloccurrenceofthephenomenaamongthoonpermanent

nightwork.

Thislattersystemthenappearstobethebestlong-termpolicy,but

meanwhilesomethingmaybedonetorelievethestrainsofalternatedayandnight

workbylectingthopeoplewhocanadaptmostquicklytothechangesof

ofknowingwhenapersonhasadaptedisbymeasuringhisbody

engagedinnormaldaytimeworkwillhaveahightemperature

duringthehoursofwakefulnessandalowoneatnight;whentheychangetonight

workthepatternwillonlygraduallygobacktomatchthenewroutineandthe

speedwithwhichitdoessoparallels,broadlyspeaking,theadaptationofthebody

asawhole,ore,bytakingbody

temperatureatintervalsoftwohoursthroughouttheperiodofwakefulnessitcan

beenhowquicklyapersoncanadapttoareverdroutine,andthiscouldbe

,however,suchaformoflectiondoesnot

emtohavebeenappliedinpractice.

hequestionof“howeasilypeoplecangetudtoworkingatnight”

notamereacademicquestion?

eshiftworkinindustryrequirespeopletochangetheirsleeping

habits.

esleepnormallycoincideswiththehoursofdarkness.

epeoplearerequiredtoworkatnightinsomefieldsofindustry.

efewpeopleliketoreverthecycleofsleepandwakefulness.

nproblemoftheround-the-clockworkingsystemliesin______.

onveniencesbroughtabouttotheworkersbytheintroductionof

automation.

turbanceofthedailylifecycleofworkerswhohavetochangeshifts

toofrequently

tthatpeopleworkingatnightareoftenlesffective

tthatitisdifficulttofindanumberofgoodnightareoftenless

effective.

tsolutionforimplementingthe24-hourworkingsystememstobe

________.

tebetterlivingconditionsfornightworkers.

longershifts.

ngeforsomepeopletoworkonnightshiftsonly

geshiftsatlongerintervals

14．Itispossibletofindoutifapersonhasadaptedtothechangesofroutineby

measuringhisbodytemperaturebecau_______.

mperaturechangeswhenthecycleofsleepandwakefulness

alternates

mperaturechangeswhenhechangestonightshiftorback.

peraturereverswhentheroutineischanged.

havehighertemperatureswhentheyareworkingefficiently

(4)

Questions15to18arebadonthefollowingpassage:

Intheearlydaysofnuclearpower,

todayopponentshavesocomplicateditsdevelopmentthatnonuclearplantshave

beenorderedorbuiltherein12years.

Thegreatestfearofnuclearpoweropponentshasalwaysbeenareactor

“meltdown.”Today,

venfurtherreducethepossibility,engineersaretesting

newreactorsthatrelynotonhumanjudgmenttoshutthemdownbutonthelawsof

don’unlessthingschangeinWashington.

e

during,orevenafter,construction,anobjectionbyanygrouporindividualcanbring

ile,the

NuclearRegulationCommissionhasultimatelygrantedalicentoconstructor

victoryoftencostssomuchthattheutilityendsupabandoningthe

plantanyway.

AcainpointistheShorehamplantonNewYork’am

wasavirtualtwintotheMillstoneplantinConnecticut,bothorderedinthemid-60s.

Millstone,completedfor$101million,hasbeengeneratingelectricityfortwo

am,however,wassingledoutbyanti-nuclearactivistswho,by

ndinginendlessprotests,drovethecostover$5billionanddelayeditsufor

manyyears.

Shorehamfinallywonitsoperationlicen,Buttheplanthasneverproduceda

orMarioCuomo,anopponentofaShorehamstart-up,ud

hispowertoforceNewYork’spublic-utilitiescommissiontoacceptthefollowing

ttlement:thepowercompanycouldpassthecostofShorehamalongtoits

consumersonlyifitagreednottooperatetheplant!Today,aperfectlygoodfacility,

capableofrvicinghundredsofthousandsofhomes,sitsrusting.

smadetheprocedureforlicensingnuclearpowerplantsabaddream?

______.

ectionoftheopponentsofnuclearpower

rmouscostofconstructionandoperation

gthoftimeittakestomakeinvestigations

fficiencyoftheNuclearRegulationCommission

einferredfromParagraph2that_______.

ttechnicaldifficultiesthatpreventthebuildingofnuclearpowerplantsin

theU.S.

ningnewnuclearpower

plants.

realreadymorenuclearpowerplantsthannecessaryintheU.S.

ricangovernmentwillnotallowJapanenuclearreactorstobe

installedintheU.S.

orMario’schiefintentioninproposingthettlementwasto______.

theShorenamplanttooperateundercertainconditions.

epowercompanytosolveitsfinancialproblems

epowercompanytofurtherincreaitspowersupply

eShorehamplantfromgoingintooperation.

hor’sattitudetowardsthedevelopmentofnuclearpoweris______.

ve

l

ve

oning.

4）正误判断：涉及教材内容。

5）翻译：与以前的语篇不同，这次考试的语篇取自于其它材料，长

度约为150-180词左右，中等难度。翻译过程中允许查阅词典。