四级答案2013

【2013年英语专四真题及答案解析--听写部分参考答案】

Whatisadreamfor?

Onetheoryisthatwedreamtoreleathedeep,

notexpressthedesiresinreallifebecauoftherulesofpolitesociety.

Anothertheoryisthatdreamsallowustosolveproblemsthatwecan'tsolvein

believethatyourdreamsareimportant,thenanalyzingthemmayhelpyouto

ernimageis

thatdreamsarethebrain'swayofcleaningupthecomputer’sharddisk.

Dreamsorganizetheeventsofthedayintofoldersanddeletewhatisnot

llknowthatverylittleofwhatwedreamisconcernedwith

whathappenedtousthatday.

【2013年英语专四真题及答案解析--语法部分】

theboardofdirectors,hedidn’tdeny__________breakingt

heagreement.

解析：本题考查动名词的逻辑主语。动名词可以有自己的逻辑（意义）主语，

一般可以用名词所有格Tom's，代词宾格如him（口语），书面语情况下一般用

物主代词his，their。本题选C，但我还是要吐槽，因为根本就不需要多此一举

添加his,hedidn'tdenybreakingtheagreement完全正确，比原题要精简地

道许多，从写作角度来看，his根本是多余的，当然纯粹考察语法的话选C。

licizedpartfun

ctionsasa(n)_______.

tive(同位语)ment.

解析：此题恐怕是最受争议的题目了，有人认为选A，有人认为选D。根据English

Grammar:AUniversityCour一书，“TheSubjectComplement(主语补足

语)istheobligatoryconstituentwhichfollowsacopularverb(系动词)and

whichcannotbemadesubjectinapassiveclau:比如Who’sthere?It’s

me/It’eeto

askquestions!”一般语法书也是这么说的，有的书上把这种情况下接的名词叫

做predicatenoun/nominative,接的形容词叫做predicateadjective。该书接

着说“Aswellasbeandem,awiderangeofverbscanbeudtolink

thesubjecttoitsComplement;theaddmeaningsoftransition

(become,get,go,grow,turn)andofperception(sound,smell,look)

amongothers,”比如uationbecomes

evenwor.这些一般语法书也会提到，但是题目里的都不是这种现象，很多

语法书对主语补语的介绍也就到此为止。好在这本书多介绍了一点，但情况很

微妙。此书又说Moreproblematicistheconstituentfollowingotherverbs

thatcouldbeudintransitivelywiththesamemeaning,asin:

SaintEthelbertwasbornaSaxonprincess.(shewasborn)

Hereturnedabrokenman.(hereturned)

Hediedyoung.(hedied)

WeshallconsidersuchconstituentsasComplementsonthestrengthof

thepossibleparaphracontainingbe(Whenhereturnedhewasa

brokenman;Whenhediedhewasyoung).

这部分恰好就是本题所代表的类型，但是从该书作者表述来看，他们也承认这

样的句子很不一般，不太容易轻易判定是否为主语补语，在本书里，作者认为

可以看作是主语补语，因为大概可以改写成含有系动词be的句子，但作者的措

辞显然没有那么肯定，有待商榷的意思。据此，本题可以选D，是主语补足语。

fthefollowingisacompoundword(复合词)?

解析：首先要知道什么是复合词。Acompoundisawordthatconsistsof

morethanonefreemorpheme。所谓morpheme词素是最小的音义结合体，

其最大的特点是不能再被分割为更小的音义结合体。而freemorpheme是指能

独立存在使用的词素，boundmorpheme则是必须依附于其他单位的词素，比

如前缀后缀属于boundmorpheme，如pre-，-ment，在单词shipment里，

ship就是freemorpheme，-ment则是bound。因此四个选项里只有deadline

是由两个freemorpheme构成（dead+line），其他三个都有Bound

morpheme比如non,ness,mis-等。

fthefollowingntencescontainssubjunctivemood?

sistedthathersongethomebefore5o'clock.

dtodrivetowork,butnowshetakesthecitymetro.

raightahead,anddon'tturntillthecondtrafficlights.

llcancelhisflightifhecannotgethisvisabyFriday.

解析:subjunctivemood是指虚拟语气，四个选项里只有A的insist属于虚拟

语气用法，其中that从句里省略了should。

lowingdeterminers(限定词)canbeudwithbothpluraland

uncountablenounsEXCEPT__________.

解析：限定词的用法是近几年专四的热门考点，诸如some，many，both，all，

each等用法究竟如何还是希望大家多翻阅语法书和词典。这道题看似有点难度，

也许你从来不知道哪个限定词可以接名词复数和不可数名词，但好在备选项里

每个单词你都可以去接名词试试就知道了，比如moremoney,moretrees;

enoughmoney,enoughtrees;manymoney?,manytrees;suchbigtrees,

suchbehavior.所以选C。

56.解析：首先要明白and不一定表示并列。A，C里的and表示先后；D里

的and表示递进；只有B里的and表示对比。

ftheitalicizedpartsindicatesCONTRAST?

nedthedoorandquietlywentin.

ialikesmusicandSamisfondofsports.

toveragainandyou'llgetananswer.

mewhatarrogant,andIdon'tlikethis.

fthefollowingCANNOTbeudasanominalsubstitute(名

词替代词)?

r

解析：估计不少学生看到名词替代词这个术语，一开始都吓着了，因为压根没

听说过，不过对做这道题目倒无大碍，所谓名词替代词顾名思义就是指能代替

名词或名词短语，避免重复的词，英语里one,ones,(the)same等都是常见的。

比如Therearegoodfilmsaswellasbadones.除此以外还有thekind,the

sort，比如Slangdisappearsquickly,especiallythejuvenilesort.还有一些

不定代词等比如all,both,some,anyenough,veral,none,many,much,

(a)few,(a)little,theother,others,another,either,neither等，比如Canyou

getmesomenails?’twantanymorefood.I’vehad

enough.本题选D,quarter不是名词替代词。

followingntencesdefinitelyindicatefuturetimeEXCEPT__.

istohaveteawithAuntBettyatfour.

sidentiscomingtotheUNnextweek,

oolpupilswillbehomebynow.

ingtoemailmethenecessaryinformation.

解析：这道题目有点意思，既考查时态，又考查will的用法，A/B/D都是将来

时的各种表达，唯独C的will，看似是将来时标志，其实不然，因为和bynow

矛盾，这里will的用法是指youthinksomethingistrue，表说话人自己的看

法，比如ThatwillbeTimcominghomenow;Askanyoneandtheywilltell

youthesamething.本题选C。

fthefollowingntencesisgrammaticallyINCORRECT?

csaretheartorscienceofgovernment.

esemslikealongwalktome.

sakindofinfectiousdia.

furniturehasarrivedundamaged.

解析：本题考查主谓一致（agreement/concord）。tenmiles看作整体单数，

mumps腮腺炎这个单词就是以s结尾的，不可数名词；furniture在英语里是

不可数名词；A里的politics并不是指政治，而是指政治学(politicalscience)，

是不可数名词，但这个用法主要是英式英语。此外，politics表示政治可以看作

不可数名词，也可以看作复数，比如Politicshavealwaysinterestedme.本

题选A。

finthefollowingphrasindicatesasubject-predicaterelatio

nship?

ofNewton

ysofOscarWilde

解析：章振邦的书拿到手后果然发现了他的讲解，基本就是原句。第五版的55

页，名词属格和of-词组一节说：名词属格和of-词组在意义和用法上有许多相

同之处，比如thetrunkofanelephant=anelephant'strunk，表示主谓关系

有thearrivaloftheprimeminister;表示动宾关系theoccupationofthe

Island;表来源thelawofNewton。因此据此本题选A。但我要吐槽的是先不

说我手上其他参考书根本没有讲到，就这种主谓关系，动宾关系的说法我就不

太同意，因为所谓词组的主谓关系和动宾关系是汉语语法里的说法，英语里说

主谓自然指的是句子，一个名词短语何来主谓之说？

fthefollowingitalicizedpartsrvesasanappositive?

tthemantodrawback.

tbacktheurgetotellalie.

asalargefamilytosupport.

sreallynothingtofear.

解析：又是同位语？！四个选项的用法在大部分语法书里并没有做进一步区分，

都成为不定式的定语用法，修饰名词。不过章振邦的书里又出现了这个，又是

原句作为选项出现，章指出不定式作为名词的后置修饰语时，不定式和名词之

间的搭配关系是主谓A中的themandrawback，也可以是C和D的动宾to

fearnothing,tosupportfamily；有时候也是同为关系,比如urge(冲动)的内容

就是指totellalie撒谎，故为同位语。我不得不吐槽，章很喜欢分析任何语法

单位的结构，他在教师用书的第一部分也说本书语法体系是要贯彻层次分析法。

fthefollowingisNOTanimperativentence?

riveyouhome,shallI?

lmindyourownbusiness.

dhavedinnerwithus.

oucouldstaybehind.

解析：花了点时间翻遍手头各类语法和用法图书，除了直接用动词打头，

Do/Don't，You/其他唤名+动词,let类型外，均没有见到D的wish类型。说明：

似乎只有章振邦的书上在情态动词will一节提到B的属于加强祈使句。我个人

对此表示质疑。更常见的应该是Youmindyourownbusiness。如果说You

willmindyourownbusiness是祈使句，那么Youwillehimnow岂不是

也是祈使句？这显然说不通。其实Youwillmindyourownbusiness要有祈

使句功能，还跟语气语调有很大关系，应该念成YouWILLmindyourown

business!而不是YOUwillmindyourownbusiness.出题人不严谨，死扣

语法书，可见一斑。

_______tomorrow,thematchwouldbeputoff.

ned

解析：最经典的If条件虚拟句，说的是将来，应该选A.

fthefollowingntencexpressafact?

dhersonmustbehomebynow.

ssreadingmustgivepoorresults.

’sgettinglate,andImustleavenow.

beworkinglateattheoffice.

解析：目前来看又要有争议。很多人认为是B，而我之前说C，尽管C里的mu

st是表示主观必须（C只有前半句是fact，后半句谈不上什么事实）。问题在于

如何理解B的must。在EnglishGrammar:AUniversityCour一书里有

一节谈到must的logicalnecessity用法问题，作者说在英式英语里有用mu

st表示逻辑上的必定如此，尽管美国人更喜欢用haveto。比如IfJaneisP

at'ssisterandJillisJane'sdaughter,PatmustbeJill'saunt.此时Pa

tmustbeJill'saunt就相当于不用情态动词的陈述句PatisJill'saunt.如

此极端的例子才能说明这是逻辑上的必然，但我实在看不出选项B里一个没有

语境的句子是如何有逻辑上的必然，我个人觉得Carelessreadingmustgiv

epoorresults.和Carelessreadinggivespoorresults.还是不一样的。B

句是章振邦那本书里的原句，章自己也说“用must表示必然，也是一种推测或

推断，其口气最为肯定，一般用于肯定陈述句”由此来看，再如何肯定那也是一

种推断，不是fact。

lowingarealldynamicverbs(动态动词)EXCEPT__________.

解析：看到专四考这个题目，我只能呵呵。动态动词是指能够延续持续动作的，

比如hit，run等，相反的则是StativeVerb静态动词，比如know.现在进行时

是常见检验手段。你不能说Iamknowingtheanswer，只能说Iknowthe

answer，因此know是静态动词。同理，题目的A选项remain也是静态动词，

其他都是动态动词。

【2013年英语专四真题及答案解析--词汇部分】

66.__________toschoollifewaslessdifficultthanthepupilhadexpected.

nting

解析：这题没啥好说的，适应学校生活adjusttoschoollife，选C。

dupwiththesameolddrearyroutine,

underlinedpartmeans__________.

解析：dreary指dull，选A。但有词典指出boring也是近义词，外教也表示

AB均可。所以B也是对的，我估计出题人是选A。

night’spartyLarrysaidsomethingthatIthoughwasbeyondme.

Theunderlinedpartmeans__________.

n’tunderstand

n’ttolerate

解析：bebeyondsomebody指tobetoodifficultforsomeoneto

understand.故选B。

ple__________theiroldhouandsolditforavastprofit.

解析：选D。doup这里指torepairanoldbuildingorcar,ortoimproveits

appearance。此外doup还可以指fastensomething，比如Doyourlacesup

beforeyoutripover.

ontributedalottotheproject,butsheneveronceacceptedallthe

__________forherlf.

解析：选A。这里的credit指approvalorpraithatyougivetosomeonefor

somethingtheyhavedone.常见搭配有givecredit;take/claim/derve

credit。

ldnodded,apparentlycontentwithhismother’

underlinedpartmeans__________.

soneisconcerned

soneistold

解析：首先ABCD的释义都是指apparently的意思，具体语境有具体不同的释

义，在我们这个句子里，指accordingtothewaysomeonelooksora

situationappears,althoughyoucannotbesure.因此选C。换一个句子比

如Iwasn’tthere,butapparentlythethiefgotaway.这里的apparently就指

A或D。

__________thatsportbuildscharacteriswellacceptedbypeople

nowadays.

ce

解析：选B。这里的argument指atofreasonsthatshowsomethingis

trueoruntrue,rightorwrong。相当于汉语说的主张论点。很多人选C，point

的确有这个意思，也可以接同位语从句，搭配上习惯是说takethe/sb’spoint.

不过，我询问过外教，他是觉得argument更好，只是point也没什么不对。

neintheofficeknowsthatMelindatakesinfinitecareoverherwork.

Theunderlinedpartmeans__________.

解析：infinite是finite的反义词，这里指verygreat/hugeinamountor

degree，因此选D。

measurewillreducethechanceofriousinjuryintheeventof

erlinedpartmeans__________.

cidentcanbeprevented

anaccident

解析：选A。intheeventofsomethingisudtotellpeoplewhatthey

shoulddoifsomethinghappens.

ionally,localmidwiveswould__________allthebabiesinthearea.

解析：midwife是指产婆，接生员。所以选C，deliver可以指接生(孩子)，或

者生孩子。

erlinedpartmeans

__________.

解析：选C。以复数形式出现的premis指thebuildingsandlandthata

shop,restaurant,companyetcus.

rtwouldnotaccepthisappealunless__________evidenceis

provided.

ding

解析：选A。首先appeal是指上诉。Conclusive指showingsomethingis

definitelytrue，比如conclusiveproof/evidence/findings。旁证是

circumstantialevidence.

asheopenedthedoor,a__________ofcoldairsweptthrough

thehou.

解析：个人认为选D。又见量化问题，一阵/股冷风袭来该如何用英语说。首先

句子里动词用了sweep，指tomovesuddenlyand/orwithforceoveran

areaorinaparticulardirection.而blast指asuddenstrongmovementof

air。但问题在于C。词典里rush其实可以指asuddenfastmovementofair,

外教的回答是blastisbetterhereandiswhatnativespeakerswouldprefer.

而Flow往往接的是水流电流等，而且指asmoothandsteadymovement.

llywantedtosaysomethingatthemeeting,buteventually

__________fromit.

cted

解析：refrainfromsth/doingsth指tonotdosomethingyouwanttodo，

主要用于书面语。

pletoldthedecoratorthattheywantedtheirbedroomgailypainted.

Theunderlinedpartmeans__________.

y

解析：先聊聊gaily这个单词的来源吧。这个单词虽然是ly结尾却是形容词，

是有gay+ly变来的。而gay在很早的时候是指人happy,merry,cheerful，

或者颜色bright,attractive，这个用法现代英语已经抛弃，请大家不要乱用。

所谓gailypainted/colored/decorated指havingbrightcheerfulcolors.所以

选A。

【2013年英语专四真题及答案解析--完形填空原文（真题暂

缺，加粗部分为原空）】

Everyoneknowsthattaxationisnecessaryinamodernstate:Withoutit,it

wouldnotbepossibletopaythesoldiersandpolicemenwhoprotectus；nor

theworkersingovernmentofficeswholookafterourhealth,ourfood,our

water,andalltheotherthingsthatwecannotdoforourlves；northe

ministersandmembersofparliament(国会)

meansoftaxation,wepayforthingsthatweneedjustasmuchasweneed

somewheretoliveandsomethingtoeat.

Buteveryoneknowsthattaxationisnecessary,differentpeoplehave

eachperson

havetopayacertainamountofmoneytothegovernmenteachyear?Or

shouldtherebetaxonthingsthatpeoplebuyandll?Ifthefirstkindof

taxationisud,shouldeveryonepaythesametax,whetherheisrichorpoor?

Ifthecondkindoftaxispreferred,shouldeverythingbetaxedequally?

Inmostcountries,adirecttaxonpersons,whichiscalledincometax,

rangedinsuchawaythatthepoorestpeoplepaynothing,and

thepercentageoftaxgrowsgreaterasthetaxpayer’

England,forexample,thetaxontherichestpeoplegoesupashighas

ninety-fivepercent!

Butcountrieswithdirecttaxationnearlyalwayshaveindirecttaxation

ingsimportedintothecountryhavetopaytaxesor"duties".Of

cour,itisthemenandwomenwhobuytheimportedthingsintheshops

whoreallyhavetopaytheduties,

countries,too,ostnecessary

thingsaretaxed,alotofmoneyiscollected,butthepoorpeoplesuffermost.

Ifunnecessarythingslikejewelsandfurcoatsaretaxed,lessmoneyisgotbut

thetaxisfairer,astherichpayit.

Probablythislastkindofindirecttax,togetherwithadirecttaxon

incomeswhichislowforthepoorandhighfortherich,isthebest

arrangement.

【2013年英语专四真题及答案解析--写作部分】

SECTIONACOMPOSITION

Mostofus,asstudents,arecarefulwithourmoneyindailylife:wecollect

allkindsofcoupons(优惠券);welookforgroup-buydealsifweeatoutortravel;

wedon'r,somepeoplethinkthatallthis

youropinion?

WriteonANSWERSHEETTHREEacompositionofabout200words.

Youaretowriteinthreeparts.

Inthefirstpart,statespecificallywhatyourviewis.

Inthecondpart,provideoneortworeasonsoryourexperience(s)to

supportyouropinion.

Inthelastpart,bringwhatyouhavewrittentoanaturalconclusionora

summary.

Youshouldsupplyanappropriatetittleforyourcomposition.

Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarand

etofollowtheinstructionsmayresultinalossof

marks.

SECTIONBNOTE-WRITING

WriteonANSWERSHEETTHREEanoteofabout50—60words

badonthefollowingsituation:

Yourformerhigh-schoolclassmate(MatheworGrace)iscomingtovisit

,youhavegotsomethingurgenttodoandthuscannot

waitforhim/noteonthedoor,expressingyourapologyand

tellinghim/tmakeclearwhereyouareinthenote.

Markswillbeawardedforcontent,organization,grammarand

appropriateness.

【参考范文】

SECTIONA

Theadvantagesofbeingcarefulwithmoneyindailylife

Nowadays,thereisahotdebateonwhetherpeople,includingstudents

shouldbecarefulwiththeirmoneyintheirdailylifesincetheytrytheirbestto

oplethinkitisnotgoodtodosobecauthismaynot

yeyes,theadvantagesofbeing

carefulwithmoneyindailylifeoutweighthedisadvantages.

First,beingcarefulwithmoneyisavirtuethatcanalwaysbenefitpeople.

Beingthriftyisofgreathelp,especiallywhentheeconomicstatusaroundthe

worldisnotverygoodanditbecomeshardertoearnmoneythanbefore.A

goodhabitofbeingcarefulwithmoneywillhelpmanypeoplegothroughthis

with

students,thisawarenessisalsoofgreathelpsincetheymainlydependon

eykeepthisawarenessintheir

mind,theywilldefinitelyavoidwastingmoney.

Secondly,beingcarefulwithmoneyis,infact,agoodwayofpracticing

howtomanageone'entsociety,itisnecessarytolearn

rast,

arefulwithmoneymeans

anefficientuofmoney,which,inesnce,equalstopartofthejobofa

arefulwithmoneycanteachpeopletomakebestu

oftheirmoney.

Itistruethatbeingtoocarefulwithmoneymayhavesomedisadvantages;

forexample,

-consciousnessis

alwaysneededinthemarket-orientedeconomy.

SECTIONB

April20,2013

DearMathew,

I'mwritingtoshowmyapologyforbeingunabletowaitforyouinmydorm.

I'cometoRoom

1003,onthebackofthenotewill

helpyou.I'llwaitforyouthere.

Yours,

Tom