英语快速阅读

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英语四级快速阅读专项练习(含答案解析)

（一）SkimmingandScanning

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswer

stions1-7,choothebestanswerfromthefour

choicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Forquestion8-10,completethentenceswiththe

informationgiveninthepassage.

AnimalsontheMove

Itlookedlikeascenefrom“Jaws”harkwas

slowlyswimmingthroughthewater,itstailswingingbackandforthlikethependulumofaclock.

Suddenlynsitivenerveendingintheshark’sskinpickedupvibrationsofastrugglingfish.

Thesharkwasimmediatelytransformedintoadeadly,scles

taut,shthesharkcaughtitsvictim,a

largefish,,jerkingitsheadbackandforth,thesharktorehugechunks

eactionwasover.

MovingtoSurvive

Inpursuingitsprey,thesharkdemonstratedinadramaticwaytheimportantroleof

movement,orlocomotion,inanimals.

Liketheshark,soulocomotionto

escapeenemies,findamate,hodsoflocomotioninclude

crawling,hopping,slithering,flying,swimming,orwalking.

Humanshavetheaddedadvantageofusingtheirvariousinventionstomoveaboutinjust

biles,rockets,andsubmarinestransporthumansfrom

r,forotheranimalsmovementcameabout

hemostsuccessfulexamplesofanimal

litytoquicklyzeroinonitspreyhasalwaysimpresd

ight,F.

Vosburgh,rstudythescientists

obrvedsharksswimminginatankatMarinelandinSaintAugustine,weretakenof

thesharks’swerealsomadeofsharkskinandmuscle.

SkinIstheKey

Thebiologistsdiscoveredthattheskinofthesharkisthekeytotheanimal’shighefficiency

ncontainsmanyfibersthatcrisscrossliketheinsideofa

iberscaneitherstoreorrelea

efibers

arestretched,energyisstoredinthemthewayenergyisstoredinthestringofabowwhen

eenergyisrelead,thefibersbecomerelaxed.

TheDukeUniversitybiologistshavefoundthatthegreateststretchingoccurswherethe

thebody’sbackandforthmotion,fibersalongthe

tentialenergyisstoredinthefibers.

Thinergyisreleadwhentheshark’sbodysnapsbacktheotherway.

Anergyisalternatelystoredandreleadonbothsidesoftheanimal’sbody,thetail

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ip-likeactionpropelstheanimalthroughthewaterlikea

livingbullet.

SourceofEnergy

Whatcausthefiberstostoresomuchenergy?InfindingtheanswertheDukeUniversity

scientistslearnedthattheshark’ssimilaritytoabeltedradialtiredoesn’

asaradialtireisinflatedbypressure,so,too,istheareajustundertheshark’scollagen

“radials”.Insteadofairpressure,however,thepressureinthesharkmaybeduetotheforceof

thebloodpressingonthecollagenfibers.

Whenthesharkswimsslowly,ersare

morerelaxed,malswimsthisway

r,whenthesharkdetectsanimportant

foodsource,somefantasticinvoluntarychangestakeplace.

essurechangegreatly

stretchesthefibers,enablingmuchenergytobestored.

Thinergyisthentransferredtothetail,tofthestoryis

predictable.

DolphinHasSpeedRecord

agoingmammalhasbeenclockedat

speedsof32kilometers(20miles)istsstudyingthedolphinhavediscoveredthat,

liketheshark,theanimal’in’sskinis

madeupinly

whenafishorotherobjectmovesslowlythroughthewater,thewaterflowssmoothlypastthe

r,atfasterspeedsthewaterbecomes

rbulencemusfrictionandslowsthefishdown.

Inadolphi

waves,ineffect,becometuckedintotheskin’lowstherestofthewatertomove

theranimalswouldbeslowedbyturbulentwateratrapid

speeds,thedolphincanracethroughthewateratrecordbreakingspeeds.

OtherAnimalsLessEfficient

sthegreatestlorin

g,whichlookslikeasnailwithoutashell,laysdowna

somuchenergyproducingtheslimymucusandcrawling

overitthatamoutravelingthesamedistanceusonlyonetwelfthasmuchenergy.

Scientistssaythatbecauoftheslug’sinefficientuofenergy,itslifestylemustbe

,theanimalsareforcedtoconfinethemlvestosmallareasforobtainingfood

manverbeenfacedwiththiskindofproblem?

ingtothepassage,asharkcanumovementtodosomething

except____________.

[A]tofindfood

[B]toavoidbeingchadbyitnemies

[C]tofindanewplacetolive

[D]toshowitsbraveness

esofautomobiles,rocketsandsubmarinesareudtoshowthat

_______________.

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[A]humansarethemostcleverlivingcreaturesintheworld

[B]humaninventionnableustotravelinalmostanykindofenvironment

[C]humansareverysuccessfulininventingtransportationtools

[D]humanscan’tmovelikeotheranimalsinanycircumstances

thekeytotheshark’sswiftlocomotioninwater?

[A]Theskin.[B]Thetail.[C]Themuscle.[D]Thejaw.

ingtotheDukeUniversityscientists,whendoesthesharkstretchitscollagenfibers

tothegreatestextent?

[A]Whenmovingitstailrapidly.

[B]Whenfindingitspreys.

[C]Whenstayingwithoutanymovement.

[D]Whenbendingitsbodyinswimming.

heareajustundertheshark’scollagenfiberssimilartoabeltedradialtire?

[A]Becauitisalsofullofbloodpressure.

[B]Becauitisalsofilledofairpressure.

[C]Becauitisalsoinflatedbypressure.

[D]Becauitalsocanbeudagainandagain.

arflowisformedwhenafishswims________________.

[A]slowlythroughthewater

[B]rapidlythroughthewater

[C]againstthecurrent[D]atthefastestspeedinwater

ingtheequalamountofenergyasaslugdoes,amoucantravel_________as

longasaslug.

[A]onetwelfthtimes

[B]thesame

[C]12times

[D]1.2times

findsitspreyby________________.

ingtothepassage,_______________canbecomparedtothestringofabowfor

bothofthemstoreenergywhenstretched.

esharkdetectsanimportantfoodsource,_______________________take

place.

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（二）

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswer

stions1-7,choothebestanswerfromthefour

choicesmarkedEAI,IB3,stions8-10,completethentenceswiththe

informationgiveninthepassage.

AboutStoryReader

sohopetheirchildrenlearnto

readquicklyandeasily,sothatthey’rereadyforthedemandsputonthembyschoolandthe

world.

Kidswanttolearnhowtoread,buttheyalsocraveentertainment,whetherit’squietand

softheStoryReaderlineofelectronicbooksareto

entertainchildrenandtointroducethemtotheprocess

article,we’llshowyouhow

StoryReaderworksandifitaccomplishesthatgoal.

StoryReaderisacompact,roughly12-inch-by-12-inchplasticca(withacarryinghandle)

eader’score

featureisthatit"reads"ldturnsthepages

whenpromptedbytheStoryReaderorathisownpace.

ctronicbookrespondstothechild’swishes.

hildturnsbackafewpages,the

actwelltothisinteractivitybecauit

instillsanofcuntroloverthestory.

ThereareThreeStoryReaderProducts

ThebasicStoryReader,introducedin2003,isasdescribedaboveandisintendedforkids

threeyearsofageandolder.

Eachbookhasasmallcompanioncartridgethatslidesintoaportonthecaandcontains

theaudioencodedintoitsmemoryforthestory.

Thedevicehasavolumecontrolbutnoon/offswitch--adeliberatechoicesokidscansimply

sfourAAAbatteries(oroperatesonhouholdcurrentwith

anoptionaladaptor)andretailsforaround$20.

Findoutmoreinformationaboutthemorethan60titlesattheStoryReaderwebsite.

Earlyin2006,PublicationsInternational,Ltd.--StoryReader’spublisher--introducedMyFirst

StoryReader,theoriginal,anarrator

readsthestoryaloud,thistimefroma12-pagebookmadefromaheavierpaperstockthat

includessoundeffectsandmusictoenliventheexperience.

MyFirstStoryReaderfeaturestwoplaymodes,onewithnarration,theotherthatasks

ldcanpressanyofthreebuttonstoanswer

ttwopagesof

tStory

Readerretailsforabout$20.

Latein2006,PublicationsInternationalintroducedavideoversionofStoryReadercalled

ingforabout$35,itcombinesa

stand-aloneStoryReaderwithan"AnimatedStoryMode"

thatplaysthroughyourtelevisionandincludesa"LearningGameMode".

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TheAnimatedStoryModeworksjustasitsounds--whenyouconnectittoyourtelevision

throughcolor-codedcables,thestoryappearsonscreenandchangesasyourchildturnsthe

ttotheLearningGameModebyturningtothe

,tdepends

onthestory,generallytherearepatterngames,memorygames,rto

NintendogameslikeSuperMarioBrothers,inaplatformgamethechildustheincluded

controllertoguidehimthroughtheenvironmentandconquerobstacles.

StoryReaderVideoPlusisn’tavideogame,technically,andPublicationsInternationalbills

assuresmanyparents,andit’s

whyStoryReaderissoldinbookstoresandinthebookctionofmajorretailers.

WhatabouttheEducationalUnderpinningsofStoryReader?

StudiesshowanalarmingdeclineinreadingratesamongallagegroupsinAmerica,

especiallyamongtheyoung.

Childrenarebombardedonadailybasiswithmultipleformsofentertainmentthatcompete

withtraditionallearning.

Kidsnaturallyemulatetheadultsintheirlives,andeingtheirparentsandotherfamily

ishingandkeepingaRead-At-HomeNight

helpsfamiliesspendtimetogetherandhelpsformlifelongreadinghabitsinchildren.

Here’showyoudoit:

·Setasideonenightaweekinyourhouholdandcallit"Read-At-HomeHour"--or

ishatimeallotmentthatworksforyourfamily,forexample,30

minutesoranhour.

·MinimizeinterruptionsfromtheTV,computer,andvideogames--andturnonthe

telephoneansweringmachine.

·Chooonebookfortheentirefamilytoreadaloudtogether,orencourageindividual

onicbookscanworkinthis

context,aswell.

·Finally,sitdown,relax,andread.

softheStoryReaderlineofelectronicbooksare__

[A]toentertainandteachchildren

[B]toplaywiththechild

[C]toeatheparents’burden

[D]toeatheteachers’burden

eader’skeycharacteristicisthat__

[A]it"reads"thebookwhichthechildlikes

[B]it"reads"thebookwhilethechildplays

[C]it"reads"thebookwhilethechildfollowsalong

[D]it"reads"thebookwhiletheparentworks

en__aresuitableursofthebasicStoryReader.

[A]uptosixmonthsold

[B]uptoageone

[C]uptoagetwo

[D]uptoagethree

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icStoryReaderforsaleisabout__

[A]12dollars

[B]20dollars

[C]35dollars

[D]60dollars

tStoryReaderischaracteristicwith

[A]twoplaymodes

[B]threeplaymodes

[C]fourplaymodes

[D]fiveplaymodes

eaderVideoPlusisavideoversionofStoryReaderdesignedfor__

[A]newbornstokidsuptoagethree

[B]newbornstokidsuptoageven

[C]childrenuptotheageoffive

[D]childrenuptotheageofven

ygamescanchildrenchoofromtheAnimatedStoryMode?

[A]four

[B]five

[C]six

[D]ven

toryReaderspeaksthetextforthecurrentpage,butthechildtumsbackafew

pages,itwill__________

2006,wecaninferthattherewereStoryReaderproducts___________.

perMarioBrothers,childreninaplatformgameutheincludedcontrollers

to__________

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（三）

ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswer

stions1-7,choothebestanswerfromthefour

choicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Forquestions8-10,completethentenceswiththe

informationgiveninthepassage.

TheRightAmountofEnergy

estimulating,fun,

geticpersonhaspassioninhisvoice,abounceinhisstep,andasmileon

makesapersonlikable,andlikabilityisa

sinessprofessionalsunderestimate

ctrifyingspeakers

veanenergythatisverallevelshigherthanthepeopletheyareattemptingto

influence.

Mostbusinessprofessionalscoulduanenergyboostforpublicspeakingsituationssuchas

Webinars,podcasts,staffmeetings,conferencecalls,

theopportunitiesrequiresahigherlevelofenergy

thanwould

howdoyouprojecttherightlevelofvigorwithoutemingoverthetop?Byweighingyourlf

hisscale,moreisbetter.

TheEnergyScale

RecentlyIhelpedanexecutiveprepareforhisfirstmajorprentationinhisnewrole.

"Tellmewhereyourenergyisrightnowonascaleofonetoten,"Iasked."Onebeingfast

w,theguywho’syellingandgesturing

reyounow?"

"Athree,"thespeakerreplied.

"OK,whatwoulditfeelliketobeaven,eightornine?Giveitatry,"Isuggested.

Ifthey’rebeinghonest,mostprentersplacethemlvesatathreetosixontheenergy

keepinmind,onceyouhitatenorhigher,youcouldbethenextYouTube(GOOG)hit--whichis

notnecessarilyyourtopobjective!Hereareveralsurefirestrategiestoboostyourenergy

prence.

celeavingyourcomfortzone.

Recordveralminutesofyourprentationasyouwouldnormallydeliverit:Playitback,

rlfandtheobrver,

whereamIontheenergyscale?me,

g

pointwhereyouwouldfeelslightlyawkwardanduncomfortable.

kelyyourenergylevelwillbefarmoreengagingandstillremainappropriate

furthesituation.

ndhavefun.

WhydomostpeopleemtoenjoyVirginentrepreneurRichardBranson?Becautheguy

yshasawarm,,youcanargue

thatit’asytowalkaroundwithasmilewhenyou’reworth$4billion!Butriously,

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won’sinessprofessionalsdon’tsmileasmuch

astheyshouldduringprentations.I’mhelpingsomeexecutivesprepareforCES,thebig

Ctso

caughtupintheslidesandwhatthey’regoingtosay(astheyshouldduringpreparation),they

cas--withtheexceptionofbad

news,ofcour--thefirstandlastthingyousaytoyourlfbeforelaunchingintoyour

prentationshouldbe,"Have

rbodymoving.

’toDavid

McNeillattheUniversityofChicago,

saysthatclear,confidentspeakersuhandgesturesandthatthegesturesleaveapositive

impressiononlisteners.

Hewentontosaythatusinggestureswillhelpyouspeakbetterbecauformostofusit

takeffortnottougestures.

Don’tbeafraidofusingyourhands.

AOL’s(TWX)toretrieveclips

ec’s(SYMC)JohnThompson,Oracle’

s(ORCL)LarryEllison,Cisco’s(CSCO)JohnChambers,andeBay’s(EBAY)MegWhitmanare

excellentexamplesofpeoplewithconfident,energeticbodylanguage.

Vandradiopersonalities.

Starsoftelevisionandradiowhoscorehighonthelikabilityscalehavehigh-energy

onversationwithSuzeOrmanoverthephoneacoupleofyearsagoand

ueonherCNBC

erdayIwatchedFoodNetwork

(SSP)mescritics

pokefunather"perky"personalityandphraslike"yum-o,"butthefactisshehanergyand

workmorning-showhostsaretypicallychonfortheir

’sMattLaueronNBC(GE)andTheEarlyShow’sJulieChenonCBS

(CBS)areexcellentexamples,buttherearemanyothersonmorningtelevision.

Remember,maintaininganenergeticprenceisverydifficulttodounlessyou’reinvolved

retrulypassionateaboutyourcompany,product,orrvice,

steners

willloveyouforit.

efirstparagraph,whatisakeypointinpersuasivecommunication?

[A]Stimulation.

[B]Uplitting.

[C]Fun.

[D]Likability.

energyverallevelshigherthanthepeopletheyareattemptingtoinfluence.

[A]Electrifyingspeakers

[B]Businessprofessionals

[C]persons

[D]Listeners

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eopleshowtherightlevelofenergywithoutemingoverthetop’?

[A]Byunderestimatingtheenergylevel.

[B]Byundervaluingtheenergylevel.

[C]Byestimatinganenergyscale.

[D]Byusingalowerlevelofenergy.

leoftheenergyis

[A]ven,eightornine

[B]tenorhigher

[C]threetosix

[D]onetoten

estheexamplemeaninthethirdparagraph?

[A]Thereislittleroomtoboostyourenergywhilenotappeanngtoozany.

[B]Thereisalittleroomtoboostyourenergywhilenotappearingtoozany.

[C]Thereismuchroomtoboostyourenergywhilenotappearingtoozany.

[D]Thereisnoroomtoboostyourenergywhilenotappearingtoozany.

irginentrepreneurRichardBransonpopular?

[A]Becauhehasfunanditshows.

[B]Becauhedoesn’tsmileasmuchasheshouldduringprentations.

[C]Becauheisveryhumorous.

[D]Becauheisfamous.

cNeillsaysthatconfidentspeakersu__

[A]handgestures

[B]speech

[C]smile

[D]expression

L’s(TWX)etrieveclipsofbusinessspeakersto__________

ftelevisionandradiowhoscorehighonthelikabilityscalehave__________

ininganenergeticprenceisverydifficulttodounless__________

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（四）

TheEarth

PowerandLight

Comparedtotherestoftheuniver,netandvenothers

orbittheSun,axy,theMilkyWay,

ispartoftheuniver,whichincludesmillionsofother

arison,theEarthismicroscopic.

Comparedtoaperson,ontheotherhand,diameterof7,926

miles(12,756kilometers)attheequator,

EarthorbitstheSunataspeedofabout66,638milesperhour(29.79kilometerspercond).

Don’tdwellonthonumberstoolong,though;toalotofpeople,theEarthisinconceivably,

’sjustafractionofthesizeoftheSun.

FromourperspectiveonEarth,becauit’sabout93

’sdiameteratitquatorisabout100timesbiggerthan

Earth’s,

Sunisinconceivably,mind-bogglinglybigger.

ButwithouttheSun,,theEarthisagiantmachine,full

systemsneedpower,andthatpowercomesfrom

theSun.

TheSunisanenormousnuclearpowersource--throughcomplexreactions,ittransforms

hydrogenintohelium,eofthereactions,everysquaremeterof

ourplanet’about1.7~

1017Wattstotal,learnabout

howtheSuncreatenergyinHowtheSunWorks.

WhenthinergyreachestheEarth,itprovidespowerforavarietyofreactions,cyclesand

sfoodforplants,

EarthcouldnotexistwithouttheSun,andtheplanet

itlfwouldnothavedevelopedwithoutit.

Toacasualobrver,theSun’smostvisiblecontributionstolifearelight,heatandweather.

NightandDay

SomeoftheSun’arth

spinsonitsaxis,rwords,

tsoftheworldthatareindaylightgetwarmerwhilethe

partsthataredarkgraduallylotheheattheyabsorbedduringtheday.

YoucangetanofhowmuchtheSunaffectstheEarth’stemperaturebystanding

outsideonapartlycloudyday.

WhentheSunisbehindacloud,youfeelnoticeablycoolerthanwhenitisn’faceof

ourplanetabsorbsthisheatfromtheSunandemitsitthesamewaythatpavementcontinuesto

atmospheredoesthesamething-itabsorbstheheatthatthegroundemitsandndssome

ofitbacktotheEarth.

TheEarth’th’saxistipsa

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hemispherethatpointstowardtheSuniswarmerandgetsmorelight--it’ssummerthere,andin

theotherhemisphereit’fectislessdramaticneartheequatorthanatthepoles,

es,ontheother

hand,receivenosunlightatallduringtheirwintermonths,whichispartofthereasonwhythey’

refrozen.

Mostpeoplearesoudtothedifferencesbetweennightandday(orsummerandwinter)

thattheytakethemforgranted.

Butthechangesinlightandtemperaturehaveanenormousimpactonothersystemson

mple:

getsverywarmbecautheequatorfaces

theSundirectlyandbecautheozonelayeristhinnerthere.

Astheairwarms,itbeginstori,heritris,the

ondensastheaircools,dries

ultiswarm,dryair,relativelyhighinouratmosphere.

Becauofthelowerairpressure,airrushestowardtheequatorfromthenorthandsouth.

Asitwarms,itris,pushingthedryairawaytothenorthandthesouth.

Thedryairsinksasitcools,creatinghigh-pressureareasanddertstothenorthandsouth

oftheequator.

ThisisjustonepieceofhowtheSuncirculatesairaroundtheworld--oceancurrents,

eneral,airmovesfromhigh-pressure

tolow-pressureareas,muchthewaythathigh-pressureairrushesfromthemouthofaninflated

sogenerallymovesfromthewarmerequatortothecoolerpoles.

Imagineawarmdrinksittingonyourdesk--theairaroundthedrinkgetswarmerasthe

ppensonEarthonanenormousscale.

TheCoriolisEffect,aproductoftheEarth’srotation,es

largeweathersystems,likehurricanes,screatewestward-runningtradewinds

neartheequatorandeastward-runningjetstreamsinthenorthemandsouthemhemispheres.

Thewindpatternsmovemoistureandairfromoneplacetoanother,creatingweatherpatterns.

(TheCoriolisEffectworksonalargescale--itdoesn’treallyaffectthewaterdrainingfromthe

sinklikesomepeoplesuppo.)

eSunwarmsairin

aspecificlocation,thatairris,rrushesinfrom

surroundingareastofillthevoid,ttheSun,therewouldn’

alsomightnotbebreathableairatall.

WaterandFire

TheSunhasahugeeffect’stheoceansaroundthetropics,andits

eofthis,oceancurrentsmovelargeamounts

ofwarmandcoldwater,drasticallyaffectingtheweatherand

alsodrivesthewatercycle,whichmovesabout18,757

cubicmiles(495,000cubickilometers)ofwatervaporthroughtheatmosphereeveryyear.

Ifyou’veevergottenoutofaswimmingpoolonahotdayandrealizedafewminuteslater

thatyouweredryagain,’veenwater

formonthesideofacolddrink,you’veencondensationin

reprimarycomponentsofthewatercycle,alsocalledthehydrologiccycle,

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ercycleis

responsibleforcloudsandrainaswellasoursupplyofdrinkingwater.

yEarthscouldfitinsidetheSun?

[A]Onemillion.

[B]93million.

[C]Twomillion.

[D]100million.

ouldnothavedevelopedwithout__

[A]water

[B]fertilizer

[C]soil

[D]theSun

esouratmospheredo?

[A]ItabsorbstheheatfromthegroundandndsittotheSun.

[B]ItabsorbstheheatfromtheSunandemitsitbacktotheEarth.

[C]ItabsorbstheheatfromtheSunandemitsitthesameway.

[D]ItabsorbstheheatthegroundemitsandndssomeofitbacktotheEarth.

4.__receivesaboutthesameamountofsunlightallyear.

[A]Thepoles

[B]Theequator

[C]Thenorthtemperatezone

[D]Thesouthtemperatezone

hestowardtheequatorfromthenorthandsouth

[A]becauofthedryair

[B]becauofthecoolair

[C]becauofthelowerairpressure

[D]becauofthehigherairpressure

esn’ttheCorolisEffectcau’?

[A]Westward-runningtradewinds.

[B]Hurricanes.

[C]Thewaterdrainingfromthesink.

[D]Eastward-runningjetstreams.

hasclolyrelationtocreate__

[A]wind

[B]theair

[C]soil

[D]fire

hasahugeeffecton___________.

’veenwaterformonthesideofacolddrink,you’veen___________

ercycleisresponsibleforclouds,rainand___________

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（五）

HowtoVisualizeYourSuccess

Haveyoueverheardofvisualization(可视化)?ody’sheard

oorksthough

is

otakeaclorlooktodayatthemechanicsofwhy

visualizingworkswithoutnecessarilydelvingintoconceptsandtheoriesthatcannotbeproven.

Thebrainhasgreatdifficultyindistinguishingbetweenwhat’strueandwhat’s

sanoff-cited(经常被引用的)exampleofanexperimentconductedby

AustrahanPsychologist,somebasketballplayersandsplittheminto3

upwastoldtopracticetheirfreethrowtechniquetwentyminutesperday.

Thenextgroupwastoldtospendtwentyminutesperdayvisualizing,butnotattemptingfree

throws,andthefinalgroupwasn’ndofthetest

periodthegroupthathaddonenothingremainedastheywere,butboththeothergroups

showed

similardegreesofimprovement,Thepeoplewhoonlyvisualizedplayingbasketballwereableto

performalmostaswellastheoneswhohadactuallypracticed.

"Howcanthatbeso?"

Firstly,metheymisdtheyhadin

effect,practicedhowtomiss.

Thepeoplethatwerevisualizingwouldbehittingeverybasketsotheywerebuildingup

thefeelingsandmemoryofhowtobesuccessful.

ForgingaPaththroughaMeadow

denlyrealizethatthereisameadowof

iveinNewYorkyou’regoingtoneeda

greatimaginationforthisone.

Thefirstfewtimesyoucanbarelyewhichwayyouhadwalkedthepreviousday.

However,after10or20timesyoucanclearlyeapathwaystartingtoform,andafter100times

allthegrassiswornawayandthere’safarmerwithashotgun

’spresumeourgun-totingfriendisabig

etheoddsthatnexttime

youtryaslightlydifferentdirection?Slimtononewouldbemyguess.

Afterall,youknowthiswayworksandyouhavealovelyeasypath.

Ontheotherhand,ifFarmerGilesstartstakingpotshotsatyouandsportinglyletsthe

dogtryandshootyoutoo,beforereleasingittosinkitsgnashersintoyourrearend,thenyou’ll

probablyfindanewwayhomeonceyou’rereleadfrom

hospital.

Thenexttimeyou’rewalkinghomeyouoptagainstreacquaintingyourlfwithFido

eprocessthenbeginstotakeplace

only

thistimetheoriginalpathyoumadehasstartedtogrowback.

HowWeCreateaPathinOurMindThatiswhathappenswhenweformthoughtsinour

sttimewehaveanewthoughtitisaweakling(虚弱者)ofathoughtthathassand

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meyoure-thinkitthoughitgrowsin

ythat,butifitis

a

beliefthatcontradictsoneyoualreadyhold,theolderbeliefstartstoatrophyanddie.

Thisalsoexplainswhywehavethesamethoughtsoverandoveragainandwhypeople

havedifficultysnappingnegativeloops(循环)hwayhasbeenestablishedand

it’sjusteasiertocontinuefollowingitthantryingtothink

aboutsomethingnewandformanewconnectioninthebrain.

MakingVisualizationWorkforYou

Visualizationisanincrediblysuccessfulandsimplewayofspeedinguptheprocessby

foolingtheunconsciousintobelievingthatyouhavealreadydonesomethingbeforeyouhave.

That’swhatthebasketballvisualizersweredoing,foolingtheirownunconsciousintothinking

thisinandofitlfwillnotturnyouintoan

NBAstar,youdoactuallyhavetopracticeaswell,butitwillhelpyousucceedmorequickly.

Allyouneedtodotobesuccessfulatthisistovisualizeyourlfdoingsomething,as

ndstuff,huh?Seriouslythough,g

youdoiteachdaywillaffectthespeedofchangeandit’sreally

notadvisablevisualizingyoursuccessfor20minutesperdayandthenspending10

ofdefeatsthe

object.

Youcanalsoincorporatethe"fakeittillyoumakeit"methodinwithyourvisualization

tohelpspeeduptheprocess.

Thisissimplyamatterofpretendingyouarealreadyproficientatsomethingbeforeyou

,it’ssimplyawayoftrickingyourunconsciousandgettingittodowhatyou

wantittodo.

Somepeoplehavedifficultywiththisprocessandtellmeit’

yeh,maybethey’reright,butwhocares?Ifyouwanttobeshackledbythechainsofrealism

then

goahead,knockyourlfout,refewhighlysuccessfulpeopleout

therethathaven’,successful

peopledon’tcaretoomuchforreality;out

you?

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答；8-10题在答题卡1上。

ingtothepassage,visualizationworks______

[A]throughdelvingintoconceptsandtheories

[B]withoutarchingdeeplyintoconceptsandtheories

[C]inawaythatcouldbeproven

[D]whenplayingbasketball

retheresultsoftheexperimentconductedbyAlanRichardsoninthefirst

twogroups?

[A]Theybothimprovedtoasimilardegree.

[B]GroupOnewasmuchworthanGroupTwo.

[C]GroupTworemainedastheywere.

[D]Theresultsweredifferentinthetwogroups.

15/20

ldthepeoplewhoonlyvisualizedplayingbasketballdoaswellastheones

whohadactuallypracticed?

[A]Becautheyareveryintelligentindeed.

[B]Becautheybuildapathinthemindabouthowtothrow.

[C]Becautheypracticedbefore.

[D]Beeantheysawpeoplewhohadactuallypracticed.

obablymakesyouwanttotryanotherdifferentdirectionwhenyoualready

haveonepathmade?

[A]Youalreadyknowthiswayworksandyouhavealovelyeasypath.

[B]Thereisameadowoflonggrassthatwillcut20minutesoffyourwalk.

[C]Thefarmerandthedogwillwaitforyouandstartattackingyou.

[D]Youknowdefinitelyabetterwaytobeexplored.

ingtothepassage,whydopeoplehavedifficultysnappingnegativeloopsof

thinking?

[A]Becautryingtothinkaboutsomethingnewinthebrainismoredifficultthan

keepingabuiltpath.

[B]Becauhavingthepassivethoughtsinthebrainismucheasierthanhavingthe

positivethoughts.

[C]Becaunegativethoughtsgrowinstrengthmucheasily.

[D]Becaunegativethoughtsformaeasierconnectioninthebrain.

isualizationworkinginthebasketballvisualizers’brains?

[A]Byplayingbasketballbeforevisualization.

[B]Bythinkingdaysandnightsabouthowtohit.

[C]ByfoolingthemthatthispracticewillturnthemintoNBAstars.

[D]Bycheatingtheirownunconsciousintobelievingtheyknowhowtohit.

ingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingwillhelpyouturnintoanNBAstar

morequickly?

[A]TothinkaboutNBAstarveryday.

[B]TowatchNBAgamevery,day.

[C]Tofoolyourownunconscious.

[D]Tovisualizeitandpractice.

’snotadvisablevisualizingyoursuccessand______inyourhead.

combine"fakeittillyoumakeit"and______,itcanhelpussucceedquickly.

10.______isnotveryimportantforsuccessfulpeople,becauitjustgetsinthewayandslows

themdown.

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英语四级快速阅读专项练习答案

（一）

1.【解析】[D]属同义转换题，本题是一种排除选择题。根据题干中的中心词“movementtodo

something”，可以将答案定位在小标题“MovingtoSurvive”下第二段的前两句话，“Likethe

shark,soulocomotiontoescapeenemies,

findamate,andexplorenowterritories”。该句与题干是一种同义转换，选项A、B和C在原

文中均有提及，所以不是正确选项;答案D在原文没有提及，所以是正确答案。

2.【解析】[B]属细节推断题。题干考查汽车、火箭和潜艇的例子是为了说明什么，其中

的“examplesofautomobiles,rocketsandsubmarines”是关键词，可以将答案定位在文章小

标题“MovingtoSurvive”下第三段的前两句话，“Humanshavetheaddedadvantageofusing

tbiles,

rockets,andsubmarinestransporthumansfromdeepoceanstoasfarawayasthemoon”，第二

句话所举例子正是为了说明第一句话的内容，这与B项意思一致，而其他选项在文中均未提

及。

3.【解析】[A]属细节推断题。分析题干，本题考查鲨鱼在水中快速游动的关键是在什么。

其中的“key”是关键词，可以将答案定位在小标题“SkinIstheKey”下首段的第一句话，“The

biologistsdiscoveredthattheskinofthesharkisthekeytotheanimal’shighefficiencyin

swimmingthroughthewater”，这与选项A完全一致，所以直接选择A即可。其他选项在文

中均有提及，但是都不符合题干的要求。

4.【解析】[D]属细节推断题。题干中的“collagenfiberstothegreatestextent”是关键词，

可以将答案定位在小标题“SkinIstheKey”下第二段的第一句话，“TheDukeUniversity

biologistshavefoundthatthegreateststretchingoccurswherethesharkbendsitsbodywhile

swimming”。这与选项D的内容完全一致，所以答案选D项，而其他选项原文均未提及，为

干扰项。

5.【解析】[C]属细节推断题。题干中“abeltedradialtire”是关键词，可以将答案锁定

在文章小标题“SourceofEnergy”下第一段的第三句话，“Justasaradialtireisinflatedby

pressure,so,too,istheareajustundertheshark’scollagen‘radials’”。其中的“justas”和

“so”正说明了两者的相似之处在于“inflatedbypressure”，所以答案应该是C。选项A和

B是两者的不同之处，选项D在文中没有提及。

6.【解析】[A]属细节推断题。题干中的关键词是“alaminarflow”，所以可以将答案锁

定在文章小标题“DolphinHasSpeedRecord”下，根据该节第一段的倒数第三、四句话，

“Normallywhenafishorotherobjectmovesslowlythroughthewater,thewaterflows

oothflowisknownaslaminarflow.”。题干是对这两句话的改写，

所以正确答案是A选项。其他三个选项的意思均不符合“alaminarflow”的定义，与题干要

求不符。

7.【解析】[C]属同义转换题。题干中“aslug”和“amou”均为关键词，可以直接定

位在小标题“OtherAnimalsLessEfficient”下第一段的第二句话，“Itussomuchenergy...a

moutravelingthesamedistanceusonlyonetwelfthasmuchenergy”。题干是对该句的同

义改写，所以正确答案是[C]12times，其他选项均与原文内容不符。

8.【解析】feelingthevibrationsofastrugglingprey鲨鱼靠感受猎物游动的震动来发现

猎物。

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9.【解析】collagenfibers在SkinIstheKey中，第二、三句话，Thefibersarecalledcollagen

fibers.

10.【解析】somefantasticinvoluntarychanges在SourceofEnergy中，第二段倒数第一

句话就是本题答案。

（二）

文章向读者介绍了StoryReader(故事小宝贝)及其相关产品的情况。文章最后还指出，美国

儿童现阶段的阅读现状尤其需要受到关注，并对家长提出了针对性的建议。

1.A信息明示题。根据题干中的信息词theaimsoftheStoryReader定位到文章第一个标

题的第二段，第二句话中提到StoryReader的目的是娱乐孩子同时告诉他们如何学习阅读，

故本题选A。

2.C信息明示题。根据题干中的信息词keycharacteristic和StoryReader可定位到文章第

一个标题的第三段，该段中提到其主要特点是：孩子看着StoryReader展示的书页时，它能

够大声为孩子朗读，故本题选C。

3.D信息明示题。根据题干中的信息词thebasicStoryReader可定位到文章的第二个标

题部分，该部分第一段第一句告知读者，thebasicStoryReader适用于3岁及3岁以上的儿

童，故本题选D。

4.B信息明示题。根据题干中的信息词thebasicStoryReader可知应定位到第二个标题，

而在该部分第二段第二句就提到，这种产品定价为20美元，故本题选B。

5.A信息明示题。根据题干中的信息词MyFirstStoryReader和characteristic可定位到文

章第二个标题，由该部分第四段第一句可知，MyFirstStoryReader的特色是它有两个播放模

式，故本题选A。

6.D信息明示题。根据题干中的信息词StoryReaderVideoPlus可定位到文章第二个标题，

由该部分倒数第三段第一句可知，StoryReaderVideoPlus适用于7岁及以上儿童，故本题选

D。

7.B信息明示题。根据题干中的信息词theAnimatedStoryMode可定位到文章第二个标

题，由该部分倒数第二段第三句可知，theAnimatedStoryMode有5个教育性的游戏，故本

题选B。

izesthatpageandreadsitagain。信息明示题。根据题干中的信息词StoryReader

可定位到文章的第一个标题，由该部分的最后一段可知，StoryReader能够识别当前书页的

变化，由此可以得出答案。

。信息明示题。根据题干中的信息词StoryReaderproducts可定位到文章的第三

个标题，由标题可知产品数目，再往下阅读可知，2006年末是截止时间，由此可以得出答

案。

hemthroughtheenvironmentandconquerobstacles。信息明示题。根据题干信

息词SuperMarioBrothers可定位到文章第二个标题，由该部分倒数第二段可知，儿童可以

通过内置控制器来引导自己通过游戏场景并且克服障碍，由此可以得出答案。

（三）

本文介绍了保持活力的重要性，可爱在有效交流中的作用，以及人的能量范围。

1.D根据题干信息词persuasivecommunication定位到首段第五句：„，andlikabilityisa

keyingredientinpersuasivecommunications„，即：可爱是有说服力的交流的首要因素，故

选D。其他三项都是精力充沛的人具有的特征而非良好交流的首要因素，故排除。

18/20

2.A根据题干定位到首段后两句。原文提到，electrifyingspeakers„haveanenergythatis

verallevelshigherthanthepeopletheyareattemptingtoinfluence，故选A。原文提到“许

多商务专业人士(businessprofessionals)低估了需要在他们的听者(1isteners)中产生的狂热的

能量水平”，故排除B和D;C项“精力不够的人”与原文叙述相反，故排除。

3.C根据题干定位到第二段最后两句。C项中的“estimating(估计)”与原文“weighing(权

衡)”是同一意思，即：衡量自己的能量范围，故选c。A和B项是同一意思，均为“低估能

量水平”，故排除;D项“通过使用低一点的能量水平”也与原文不符，故排除。

4.D根据题干信息词scaleoftheenergy定位到小标题TheEnergyScale下，由第二句话a

scaleofonetoten可知能量范畴为1到10，故选D。

5.C作者在TheEnergyScale下举例，接着说Thatmeansthereisplentyofroomtoboost

yourenergywhilenotappearingtoozany，故选C。A、B和D都与原文不符，故排除。

6.A根据题干信息词VirginentrepreneurRichardBranson定位到小标题ndhave

fun下的首句WhydomostpeopleemtoenjoyVirginentrepreneurRichardBranson?Becau

theguyhasfunanditshows.，即：为什么大多数人喜欢RichardBranson?因为他是有趣的人

并且表现了出来，选A。B项指的是businessprofessionals而不是RichardBranson，故排除;C

项“幽默”不够全面，故排除;D项“出名”文章未提及，故排除。

7.A根据题干信息词DavidMcNeill定位到小标题rbodymoving下的Ispoketo

DavidMcNeill„Hesaysthatclear，confidentspeakersuhandgestures即：DavidMcNeill认

为自信的讲话者使用手势，故选A。gestureandspeech是DavidMcNeill的一个研究，故排

除B。

heirbodylanguage。根据题干定位到小标题rbodymovmg下的第三段

第二句话Iuittoretrieveclipsofbusinessspeakerstostudytheirbodylanguage，由上一句话

可知it指AOL’s(TWX)，即：我用美国在线服务网上的视频剪辑来学习商界人士

的肢体语言，故得答案。

-energypersonalities。根据题干定位到小标题Vandradiopersonalities下

的第一句话Starsoftelevisionandradiowhoscorehighonthelikabilityscalehavehigh-energy

personalities，即：电视明星和广播明星之所以可爱，是因为他们在个性上都精力充沛，故

得答案。

’reinvolvedwithsomethingyouenjoy。根据题干定位到小标题Vandradio

personalities下的第二段首句maintaininganenergeticprenceisverydifficulttodounlessyou’

reinvolvedwithsomethingyouenjoy，即：除非你做的事情是你所享受的，否则保持精力充

沛是很困难的，故得答案。

（四）

太阳对地球上万物的生命起着不可缺少的作用，这种作用主要表现在：为地球提供能量与光;

地球自转与绕日公转形成昼夜交替与四季交替.同时出现相应的气候与天气变化;对地球上的

水、海洋以及与之相关的循环起着至关重要的作用。

1.A根据题干信息词fitinsidetheSun定位到第一个小标题下的第三段第三句…andabout

amillionEarthscouldfitinsidetheSun。本题问，多少个地球才能把一个太阳填满，根据原文

表述，100万个(onemillion)地球才能填满一个太阳，故本题选A。

2.D根据题干信息词developedwithout定位到第一个小标题下的倒数第：二段末句Life

OnEarthcouldnotexistwithouttheSun，andtheplanetitlfwouldnothavedevelopedwithout

it，根据文章表述，如果没有太阳，地球上的生命将不会存在，地球本身也不会发展到现在，

太阳是地球存在发展的条件，题干中的Earth即指原文中的theplanetitlf，故本题选D。

19/20

3.D根据题干信息词ouratmosphere定位到第二个小标题下的第二段末句0ur

atmospheredoesthesamething-itabsorbstheheatthatthegroundemitsandndssomeofit

backtotheEarth。本题问，大气的作用是什么?根据文章表述，地球吸收来自太阳的热量然

后释放，就像夏天里太阳落山后路面还持续放热一样，大气也在做同样的事——吸收地面的

热量，然后再把一部分返回到地面，故本题选D。

4.B根据题干信息词thesameamountofsunlight定位到第二个小标题下的第三段倒数第

二句Thiffectis...heequatorreceivesaboutthesameamountofsunlightall

year，根据文章表述，赤道附近季节交替的变化不如两极那样显著，这是因为一年当中无论

何时赤道所接收的太阳光都是没有变化的，与此相反，两极地区在冬季根本接收不到一点阳

光，这也是那里为什么冰冻的原因，故本题选B。

5.C根据题干信息词airrushes和theequator定位到第二个小标题下的第七段首句

Becauofthelowerairpressure,airrushestowardtheequatorfromthenorthandsouth。根据

文章表述，由于气压较低，空气从南北部涌向赤道，在变暖的过程中上升，把干燥的空气推

向南部和北部，故本题选C。

6.C根据题干信息词theCoriolisEffect定位到第二个小标题下的倒数第二段，根据文章

表述，科里奥利效应作为地球上循环运动的产物，也影响着该系统，它能导致大规模的天气

变化，如飓风、赤道附近的向西信风、南北半球的向东高速气流，由此可以排除A、B、D

三项，故本题选C。

7.A根据题干信息词theSun和create定位到第二个小标题下的最后一段首句TheSun

getsmuchofthecreditforcreatingbothwindandrain。根据文章表述，太阳的一个重要作用

是制造风和雨，hasclolyrelation与getsmuchofthecredit属同义转换，选项中没有rain，

符合题干的只有wind，故本题选A。

er。根据题干信息词ahugeeffect定位到第三个小标题下的第一段首句TheSun

hasahugeeffectonourwater。根据文章表述，太阳对我们地球上的水(ourwater)发挥着巨大

作用，它温暖热带地区的海洋，又降低见不到太阳的两极地区的水温，在全球气候形成方面

起着重要作用。

sationinaction。根据题干信息词waterform，colddrink定位到第三个小标题下

的第二段第二句Ityou’veenwaterformonthesideofacolddrink，you’veen

condensationinaction。根据文章表述，如果你看到了冰冷的饮料旁边有一些水，事实上你

看到的就是冷凝现象在发挥作用(condensationinaction)，这也是水循环的一个组成部分。in

action意为“在起作用、在运转”。

plyofdrinkingwater。根据题干信息词watercycle定位到文章最后一句The

watercycleisresponsibleforcloudsandrainaswellasOursupplyofdrinkingwater。根据文章表

述，水循环是云的形成及降雨的根源，还有我们的饮用水(oursupplyofdrinkingwater)。

（五）

文章精要

无论人们是否意识到，视觉化在日常生活中普遍存在，而且起着重要的作用。本

文讲述了视觉化如何运作，以及如何通过视觉化加速成功。文章先通过打篮球的

例子指出想象在人的思维中所起的重要作用；然后通过现实生活申找路的例子，

讲述了如何在思维中建立想象的路径，以及怎样用想象来使我们达到成功的目的。

1．B根据题干信息词visualization和works定位到文章第一段末句，即：视觉

化并不需要专研其概念和理论也能运作，选项B中的archingdeeplyinto相当

于原文的delvinginto，故选B。选项A与原文相反。原文中提到那些概念和理

论还未被证实，所以选项c也不对。

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2．A根据题干信息词experiment和AlanRichardson定位到文章第二段。本题

问的是“AlanRichardson试验中前两个队的结果是什么?”文中提到：被要求每

天想象打篮球的人与实际练习打篮球的人水平相似，故选A。

3．B根据题干信息词visualized和actuallypracticed定位到文中“HowCanthat

beso?”问题下，即文章第四段。本题问的是“那些仅仅想象打篮球的人是怎么

做到与每天实际练习打篮球的人做的一样好呢?”文中提到：被要求想象打篮球

的人是依靠在思维中建立感觉和记忆达到成功的，故选B。文中并未提及他们是

否聪明、是否以前练习过打球或者看过别人练习打球，故排除A、c、D。

4．C根据题干信息词tryanotherdifferentdirection定位到文章第六、七段。本

题问“当你已经找到了一条路时，在什么情况下会使得你想尝试换另一个不同的

方向?”文中提到：如果农夫用枪袭击你，并放狗咬你，一旦你从医院康复出来，

你就有可能寻找一条新的路回家，故选C。选项A(你已经知道这条路行得通而且

是一条愉快且轻松的路)，原文中提到，在这种情况下换路的可能性几乎没有，

slim在这里意为“(希望、可能性)微小的，渺茫的”。选项B(有一个长满长草的

牧场可以缩短20分钟步行时间)，这是指没有抄近路之前，而题于是youalready

haveonepathmade的情况，所以排除。

5．A根据题干信息词difficultysnappingnegativeloopsofthinking定位到文章第二

个小标题下的第二段。本题问的是“日常生活中，人们为什么很难停止消极思维

的恶性循环”，该段第二句提到：由于思维已经形成，保持它比在大脑中试着想

象新的事情、形成新的连接更容易，故选A。文中并没有提到消极思维是否比积

极思维更容易形成并巩固，所以其他三项均排除。

6．D根据题干信息词basketballvisualizers定位到文章中第三个小标题下的第一

段。本题问的是“视觉化在被要求想象打篮球的人的大脑里是怎么运作的”，该

段第二句提到：想象打篮球的人是这么做的，他们将自己无意识的思想变成认为

他们知道怎么打篮球的思想，故选D。文中并未提及他们在想象之前打过篮球，

也没有提到他们是否日思夜想如何打球，故排除A、B。该段最后一句提到仅仅

是想象的话不可能把他们变成NBA球星，选项c也不对。

7．D根据题干信息词NBAstar定位到文章第三个小标题下的第一段最后一句。

即：当然这不会使你成为一名NBA球星，你需要实际练习，但是它能够帮助你

加速成功。也就是说练习加上视觉化可能让你变成球星，故选D。

8．replayingnegativestuff,根据题干信息词notadvisable将本题答案定位于第三

个小标题下第二段。该段倒数第二句讲到：每天视觉化你的成功20分钟，然后

花l0个小时用来担心失败、脑海中反复想象负面内容，这是很不明智的。因此

这里需要填入replayingnegativestuff。

9．visualization。根据题干信息词fakeittillyoumakeit定位到文章倒数第二段。

该段提到：Youcanalsoincorporatethe“fakeittillyoumakeit”methodinwithyour

visualizationtohelpspeeduptheprocess．即：你也可以将“装下去直到成功”的

方法与视觉化结合起来，这样可以帮助你加快进程。Combine和incorporate同

义，故本题应填visualization。

10．Reality。根据题干信息词itjustgetsinthewayandslowsthemdown定位到

文章末段。该段提到：Infact．successfulpeopledon’tcaretoomuchforreality；

itjustgetsinthewayandslowsthemdown．即：实际上，成功的人并没有更多地

关注事实，它只会碍事儿，让他们减速，故本题应填Reality。