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高考英语考前冲刺资料晨背强化系列(三十七)
早读:
Ⅰ.词汇短语过关
1.desirev.期望n.欲望,希望,请求
desirableadj.值得拥有的,可取的,有利的
havenodesireforsth.对……没有欲望
haveastrongdesiretodosth.迫切想做某事
.’sdesire应……的要求做某事
satisfyone‘sdesires满足某人的欲望/愿望
desireforsth.渴望得到……
desiretodo/h.迫切希望做/某人做某事
desire+that+主语+(should+)动词原形(虚拟语气)
Itisdesirablethat+主语+(should+)动词原形
……是可取的。
[即学即练1](1)They_________________tolearnacondlanguage.
他们不想学另一种语言。
(2)I__________________toafamousuniversity.
我很想上一所名牌大学。
havenodesire,desiretogo
(3)Mostpeople____________alotofknowledge.
大多数人渴求更多的知识。
(4)Thecouple____________theirson____________toafamousuniversity.
那对夫妻迫切地希望他们的儿子能上名牌大学。
desirefor,desired,togo
(5)Thegroupleaderdesiredthatwe____________itrightaway.
那个组长迫切希望我们现在就开始做那件事。
(should)do
2.alarmn.警报;惊恐vt.使警觉;使惊恐;惊动
give/rai/soundthealarm发警报
take(the)alarmat...
对……感到吃惊;因……而惊恐
bealarmedat/for...被……吓一跳
[即学即练2](1)He__________________whentherobbercamein.
抢劫犯一进门他就报了警。
(2)Ihopeyoudidn’t__________________thenews.
我希望你没有因为听到那个消息而惊慌。
soundedthealarm,takealarmat
(3)Thenoioftheshot______________hundredsofbirds.
枪声惊动了千百只鸟。
alarmed
3.sympathyn.同情,同情心;赞同,支持
have/feelsympathyforsb./sth.对某人/某物表示同情
getsympathyfromsb.获得某人的同情
outofsympathy出于同情
(have)sympathywith/for...赞同(支持)……
insympathywithsb./sth.支持某人/某事
[即学即练3](1)Itishisownfault,sohe’ll_______________________________me.
这是他自己的错,所以我不会去同情他。
(2)Weall________________________thevictimsoftheWenchuanEarthquake.
我们所有人对汶川大地震的遇难者都深表同情。
getno,sympathyfrom,havegreatsympathyfor
(3)Doyou________________________hispointofview?
你同意他的观点吗?
(4)I’m__________________youonthatpoint.
在那一点上,我同意你的看法。
haveanysympathywith,insympathywith
4.favour(=favor)n.喜爱;恩惠,帮忙;优惠vt.喜爱;偏袒
askafavorofsb.求人帮一个忙,求人做某事
doafavorforsb.帮某人一个忙,给某人做件事
bein(outof)favor(with)受宠(失宠),得到(不受)偏爱
infavorof赞成,主张
inone’sfavor对某人有利
[即学即练4](1)MayI________________________you?
请您帮个忙行吗?
(2)Washe__________________thedeathpenalty?
他赞成死刑吗?
(3)_______________________andturntheradiodownwhileI’monthephone,willyou?
劳驾,我在打电话时把收音机的声音调小点好吗?
askafavorof,infavorof,Domeafavor
5.accompanyvt.陪伴;伴奏
/bysth.与……同时存在或发生
/onsth.用……给某人伴奏
h.陪某人去做某事
...陪某人到……
beaccompaniedby...由……伴奏
[即学即练5](1)Strongwinds_____________________heavyrain.
狂风夹着暴雨。
(2)Childrenunder14must__________________anadult.
14岁以下的儿童必须有成人陪伴。
(3)Iwill_____________ProfessorLi___________thestation.
我要送李教授去车站。
wereaccompaniedby,beaccompainedby,accompany,to
6.declarev.表明;声明;宣布;宣告;宣称
declaresth.宣布某事
declaresb./sth.(tobe)+adj.宣布某人/某物……
declareoff取消(约定等)
declarefor/againstsb./sth.表示赞成/不赞成某人/某事
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declareonelf表明态度;发表意见
[即学即练6](1)I_________thixhibition______.
我宣布展览会开幕。
(2)Thedoctorfinally____________themanwasdead.
医生最终宣布该男子死亡。
(3)Policehavenow__________________drugdealersinthearea.警方已经对这个地区的毒贩宣战了。
declare,open,declaredthat,declaredwaron
(4)Paredesdecidedto____________federation.
帕雷德斯决定声明支持联邦政府。
declarefor
7.testout试验;测试;检查
turnout证明是;生产;出来
putout熄灭;出版
letout泄露;放出,发出
tout着手,开始
findout找出
tryout试验
figureout合计,计算出;想出
[即学即练7](1)They____________thenewsportscar.
他们测试了那部新跑车。
(2)I’dbetterhavemyeyes_______________.
我该去检查视力了。
(3)Drugsshouldbe___________animals.
药品应先在动物身上做试验。
testedout,tested,testedon
(4)Guessthemeaningofthewordsinthetwoboxes,then____________afewmorewordsthatyoucan
addtoeachbox.
猜两个方框中单词的意思,并想出一些可以加入其中的单词。
(5)Allthismay____________tobeimpossible.
这一切也许会被证明是不可能的。
figureout,turnout
(6)He____________acryofsurpri.
他惊讶地叫了一声。
(7)Theyhad____________thefirebeforewearrivedthere.
我们到达之前,他们已扑灭了火。
letout,putout
8.turnaround转向;回转
turnaway走开,离开;把……打发走
turndown拒绝,摒斥(提议、建议、提建议的人等)
把某人交给警察,向警方交出某人
上缴,缴回;交出
turnout证明为;结果
turninto使成为;使变成;翻译成
turnover反复考虑,倒转
turnto转向;求救于,求助于
turnup找到,发现;出现,来到
[即学即练8]用适当的介、副词填空
(1)Turn_____________andletmelookatyourback.
(2)Weweremorethanhalfwayupthemountain,sowedidn'twanttoturn___________.
(3)Pleaturnthetelevision__________abitasourbabyissleeping.
around,around,down
(4)Nobodycanturn______thewheelofhistory.
(5)Theplanturned______tobeafailure.
(6)Weoftenturn______thishandbookforinformationontransistors.
(7)Whydidtheysuddenlyturnyou______?
(8)Ashehadbrokentheruleofthefactory,hewasturned______.
back,out,to,down,away
(9)Hepromidtocome,buthasn'tturned______.
up
9.leave...alone不管;不要打扰;让……一个人单独待着
leavebehind留下;不带走;忘了带
leavefor动身去……
leaveoff停止;结束
leaveout省略;忘掉;漏掉
leave...aside搁置一边;不予考虑
leaveitwithme把这事留给我吧
.把某物递交给某人
[即学即练9](1)①Goawayand__________________!
走开,别打扰我!
②I‘vetoldyoubefore—_______________________!
我告诉过你——别碰我的东西!
leavemealone,leavemythingsalone
提示:(1)leave/letsb./=letsb./别管;不打扰;不碰;顺其自然。
(2)letalone更不用说。如:
Thereisn‘tenoughroomforus,letaloneanyguests.
连我们都没有足够的空间,更不用说客人们了。
(2)用适当的介、副词填空
①Ithinkweshouldleave______nowandhaveacupoftea.
②Canyoutellmethetime?I'veleftmywatch______.
③Sheleft______animportantdetailinheraccount.
④Don'tyouthinkwe'dleave______theconcertnow?
⑤Arailwaystationisnoplaceforachildtobeleft______atnight.
off,behind,out,for,alone
10.taside留出,拨出,把……置于一旁
layaside放在一边,积蓄
putaside积蓄,搁一搁
toff出发,起程,引爆
tabout着手/开始做……(后接名词、动名词)
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tout出发,开始
做……(后接不定式)
tdown放下,记下
tup建立,树立,搭起
t...back使推迟,耽误
tforth出发,动身,起程,阐明,陈述
[即学即练10](1)①I‘ve____________somemoneyforthejourney.
我为那趟旅行存了一些钱。
②He______alloffers______.
所有的提议他都置之不理。
taside,t,aside
(2)用适当的介、副词填空
①Whydon'tyoutyourideas________onpaper?
②Theyhavet___________onajourneyaroundtheworld.
③It_______toknitasweaterbutintheenditbecameavest.
④Anewgovernmentwast_________afterthecivilwar.
⑤Doyouknowhowtot_______goingonthiswork?
down,off/out,out,up,about
易错点拨自我完善•误区备考
/thing/matter/business/event
(1)affair意为“事情”“事件”,含义较广,泛指已做或待做的事。复数affairs一般指商业事务及政府的
日常事务,如财政事务、外交事务等。
(2)thing意为“事情”“事物”,不管大事还是小事,好事还是坏事均可称为thing;thing的复数形式things
可作“形势”解。
(3)matter意为“事件”“事故”,系普通用词,常指需要考虑和处理的事情,而不强调行动,matter作“物
质”解时,是不可数名词。
(4)business作“商务”“买卖”解时,不能用复数形式,常常指所指派的任务、职责,有时说的是指派的工
作或商业上的买卖活动等。常用的短语有inbusiness“经商”;onbusiness“有事,因公”等。
(5)event多指“大事件”,尤指重要、有意思或不寻常的事件。
[应用1](1)Ican‘tsaywhichwineisbest—it’sa(n)______ofpersonaltaste.
(2)It‘snoneofyour____________.
(3)Whatwerethechief_____________lastyear?
(4)Hethoughtshewashavinga(n)____________.
matter,business,events,affair
e/announce
(1)declare指正式和明确地向公众“宣布”“宣告”“声明”,侧重“当众”发表,多用于宣战、议和、宣判某
人有罪、宣布国家等,declare后可跟复合宾语。
(2)announce指含有预告意味的“宣布”“宣告”或“发表”,指公开地或官方性质的“宣布”,侧重“预告”
人们所关心或感兴趣的事情,尤指新闻之类的消息,后如需接间接宾语时,要在间接宾语前加to.
[应用2](1)Itwas______________thattherewouldbeacelebrationonSunday.
据宣布,星期日要举行庆祝(活动)。
(2)Thispowerfulcountry______________waronthatsmallcountry.
这个大国向那个小国宣战。
(3)Thecourt_____________theyoungmanguilty.
法庭宣布这位年轻人有罪。
announced,declared,declared
(4)Thelittlegirl____________thatshewoulddoanexperimentonFriday.
这个小女孩向大家宣布她要在星期五做个实验。
announced
.//doing/done/todo/tobedone的用法
[应用3](1)You’dbetterhaveyourcar____________slowly.
你最好把车子开慢点。
(2)Iwon’thaveyou_____________toyourmotherlikethat.
我不允许你这样与你妈妈说话。
running,talking
(3)IhavehadTom_____________thehouworkagain.
我已让汤姆重新做了一遍家务。
(4)Hehadhiswallet____________thestation.
在车站他让人掏了钱包。
(5)I’msorryIcan’otsofletters____________.(回信是主语
的动作)
对不起我不能与你一起看电影了,我有很多信要回。
do,pickedat,toanswer
(6)Dolla,youcan’omeletters__________________.
多拉,你现在还不能走,我有些信需要打印。(打印不是主语的动作,是多拉做的事情)
tobetyped
晚练:自我测评•技能备考
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Hehasastrongd________forknowledge.
2.Canyoudomethef_________tofetchsomechalk?
3.Thegirlhasat_________fordrawingandhaswonanationalprize.
4.Sheisthee______ofthewholestreet.
5.Sheneverexpresdanys____________whenhewasinjured.
desire,favour,talent,envy,sympathy
6.The______(全体员工)ofourcompanyixcellent.
7.Thesingerwas______________(伴随)bythepiano.
8.Youmust______(服从)theorderanddoasItoldyou.
9.I___________(宣布)themeetingclod.
10.Whatan_____________(荒唐的)suggestion!
staff,accompanied,obey,declared,absurd
Ⅱ.单项选择
1.(•河北正定中学)EveryyearinChina,______dayistasidetohonorandshowrespectto______
elders.
A./;theB.the;theC.a;/D.a;the
答案:D
解析:考查冠词。语意为“在中国,为了向老年人表示尊敬,每年有一天被定为敬老日”。day为可数名词,
在此表示泛指,故其前用a修饰;elders前加the表示老年人。
2.It’sunnaturalforamothertoleaveherchild______toenjoyherlf.
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A.aloneB.behindC.outD.off
答案:A
解析:leave...alone表示“丢下……不管”,是一个固定短语。
3.Theaccidenthappenedonsuchaneveningwithstrongwinds______byheavyrain.
A.appearedB.happenedC.accompaniedD.mixed
答案:C
解析:本题中过去分词短语accompaniedbyheavyrain做定语修饰winds,accompany意为“伴随、陪伴”,
符合语境。
4.switchmechanismisn’tfully______.
A.workedoutB.turnedoutC.leftoutD.testedout
答案:D
解析:testout表示“试验”。句意为:我们还不准备投产,新开关系统装置还未完全调试好。只有testout
符合语意要求。
5.Menandwomenshouldbetreatedequallyaccordingtothelaw,but______thereisgreatroomfor
improvement.
A.inrealityB.aboveallC.afterallD.inreturn
答案:A
解析:句意:根据法律男人和女人应该受到平等的对待。但事实上,这还有很大的改进空间。inreality事
实上;aboveall最重要的是;afterall毕竟;inreturn作为回报,作为报答。
6.Wedesirethatimmediatehelp______tothelocalvillagerswhohavebeentrappedbytheflood.
A.begivenB.willbegivenC.shouldgiveD.isgiven
答案:A
解析:desire宾语从句中用“should+动词原形”,其中should可以省略。因为help和give之间是被动
关系,故C错误。
7.Youngpeopleshouldconcernthemlveswithstate______.
A.businessB.mattersC.incidentsD.affairs
答案:D
解析:stateaffairs指“国事”。
8.Itisrather______thatwestilldonotknowhowmanyspeciesthereareintheworldtoday.
A.misleadingB.embarrassingC.boringD.demanding
答案:B
解析:句意:我们还不知道目前世界上的动植物有多少种,这是令人尴尬的事。embarrassing“令人尴尬的”;
misleading“令人误解的”;boring“令人厌倦的”;demanding“(工作)苛求的,费力的”。
9.I'msurewecanmanagetodoit,forourluckhas______.
A.turneddownB.turnedinC.turnedaroundD.turnedaway
答案:C
解析:turnaround转向,回转;turndown拒绝,关小(声音等);turnin上交;turnaway打发走。
10.Busyastheyare,parentsshould______atleasttwohourveryweektospendwiththeirchildren.
A.toutB.tawayC.tasideD.toff
答案:C
解析:句意为“尽管很忙,父母每周也应该拿出至少两个小时的时间与孩子们在一起”。tasideatleasttwo
hours留出或拿出至少两个小时的时间。
11.TheteacherwasnotsatisfiedwithTom's______forhisbeinglateyesterday.
A.accusationB.explanationC.declarationD.desire
答案:B
解析:explanation“解释,解说”,此处指对迟到的解释。accusation控告,谴责;declaration宣告,声
明;desire欲望。
12.(•江西师大附中一模)Jack'sspeechwasheardbyagroupoflivejudges,allof______agreedthat
itwasthebestonethisyear.
A.whoB.whichC.thatD.whom
答案:D
解析:考查定语从句。先行词是人,又是非限制性定语从句,排除B、C两项。关系代词作介词of的宾语,所
以选whom.
13.(•上海春招)Theemployees______thattheyshouldrenewtheircontractswithinaweek.
A.adviB.haveadvidC.areadvidD.hadbeenadvid
答案:C
解析:考查动词的语态。语意:(公司)建议员工在一周内签合同。根据题意。Theemployees与advi为动
宾关系,所以应该用被动结构,故选C项。
14.Theoldwoman______hersonsanddaughters______andeherfromtimetotime.
A.suggested;tocomeB.hoped;tocomeC.desired;comingD.desired;tocome
答案:D
解析:考查h.希望某人做某事。suggest和hope都不能搭配h.结构。
15.Hehurriedtothebookingofficeonly______thatalltheticketshadbeensoldout.
A.tobetoldB.totellC.toldD.telling
答案:A
解析:“only+不定式”做结果状语,表示动作的结果,该结果常常出乎意料。根据句意可判断出he是tell
的动作被执行者,所以要用不定式的被动式,表示被告知。
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
Whatisananimal?Formanypeople,ananimalhasfourlegs,aheadatthefrontandatailatthe
re,infact,esosmallthatyoucannote
venohead,n't
meinthousandsofdifferentshapes,sizesandcolors.
nimalshavesixpartstotheirbodies.
areaproblembecautheyeatthe
reareincts,likebeesand
butterflies,whichweneedbecautheyhelpflowersandfruittogrow.
Likemanyoftheincts,remanydifferenttypesofbirds.
like
toliveinthecountrysideorneartownsinflocksofmanyhundredsandmostlyeatincts,andthere
arebirds,likethemountaineagles,sohave
sharpclawsontheirfeet,whichareperfectforhuntingandkilling.
Likebirds,mammalsarewarm-blooded,andjustasallbirdshavefeathers,allmammalshavehair
mesyoucanhardlyethehair.
Sometimesthehairisverythick,reveraldifferentgroupsof
rethecats,whichincludelionsandtigers;thereareanimalswithlargefrontteeth,
whichincludemiceandrats;
therearetheamammals,whichincludethewhale,ereare
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animalswhichhavetwoarmsandcanwalkontwolegslikemonkeysand,ofcour,humans.
Fishandreptilesarecold-veintheocean,butreptilesusuallyliveon
cludethelongthinsnakesthat
r,somepeoplekeepsnakesintheirhomesaspets.
1.Accordingtothepassage,ananimal______.
A.hasfourlegs,aheadatthefrontandatailattheback
B.isalivingthingwhichisquitestrongtohumans
C.issosmallthatpeoplecan'teitwithhumaneyes
D.maycomeinadifferentshape,sizeandcolor
2.Whyareinctscommonlyconsideredtobeharmful?
A.Theyareamongthelargestgroupsofanimals.
B.Theyallhavesixlegsandthreepartstotheirbodies.
C.Manyofthembringtroublelikediatohumans.
D.Theyhelpflowersandfruittogroweveryyear.
3.Howarebirdsdifferentfrommammals?
A.Theyhavewingswhichhelpthemtofly.
B.Theyarewarm-bloodedanimals.
C.Theyliketoliveinthecountrysideorneartheocean.
D.Theyhavesharpteeth,whichareperfectforhuntingandkilling.
4.Whichoftheanimalsbelowbelongtoreptiles?
A.Rabbits.B.Butterflies.
C.Swallows.D.Snakes.
答案及解析:
1.D.推理判断题。根据第一段可知动物大小各异,颜色各异。
2.C.事实细节题。从第二段Manyinctscauhumanproblems.可知,许多昆虫会给人类带来麻烦,或传
染疾病或破坏粮食。
3.A.事实细节题。通过比较三、四段的内容可知鸟类和哺乳动物最大的不同是鸟类有翅膀。
4.D.词义猜测题。reptile意为爬行动物,故只有snakes符合。
B
Therun-uptothelaunchofChina'sfirstlunarorbiterattheendofthismonthhascaughtthe
country'simagination,withmorethantwothirdsofthenationhopingtoethelaunchliveonTV,
accordingtoasurvey.
AccordingtothesurveybyChinaYouthDailyand,almosttheentirenationhopestocatchimages
oftheeventatsomepoint,with99percentofthe10358respondentssayingtheyexpectedtowitness
thesatellitelaunchand68.9percentsaidtheywerecertaintowatchthelivebroadcastofthelaunch.
On
and,twopopularWebportalsinthecountry,Interneturshavecontributedsome2000poemsand
5000drawingsonthethemeofChang'e1.
“Thesatellitelaunchmeansmuchmorethanjustsaying‘hello’nthefuture
wecouldalsondsomepeopletoaccompanySister‘Chang'e’,”saidacollegestudentinthesurvey.
Remarkably,manypeopleexpecttovisitthemoononeday,with93.4percentofrespondentssaying
theyexpectedtodoso.
Chang'eⅠisnamedafterChang'e,endedfromthe
earth
toliveonthemoonasacelestialbeingafterdrinkinganelixir.
1970s,acrateronthemoonwas
namedafteraChinestargazer,WanHu,whoissaidtobethefirstastronautinhumanhistory.
Legendsaysabout600yearsago,aroundthemiddleoftheMingDynasty,WanHu,alocalgovernment
official,triedtoflyintospacewiththehelpofachair,twobigkitesand47lf-made
ingtothelegendaftertherocketswerelittherewasahugebang
esmokeclearedWanwasnowheretobefound.
China'sfirstastronautflewintospaceinwiththelaunchoftheChine-made
ecamethethirdcountry,aftertheSovietUnionandtheUnitedStates,
tocarryoutmannedspacemissions.
5.Whichistrueaccordingtothepassage?
ingtoasurvey,twothirdsofthenationarehopingtoethelaunchliveonTV.
erneturshavedrawnsome5000picturesof“Chang'e”.
,aChinestargazer,wasdeadafterthehugebangandalotofsmoke.
'sfirstastronautflewintospaceininthespaceshipShenzhouVI.
6.What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinparagraph5?
fmedicineforlonglife.
fmedicinetomakeyoulightenoughtoflyintheair.
fwine.
falcohol.
7.WhywasWanHusaidtobethefirstastronautinhumanhistory?
eacrateronthemoonwasnamedafterhisname.
ehewasthefirsttogotothemooninhisown“spaceship”.
eofhiscourageforscientificexperimenttothemoon.
ehemadethefirstrocketinhumanhistory.
答案及解析:
5.C.综合细节题。A错,因为是morethantwothirdsofthenationarehopingtoethelaunchlive
onTV.B错,因为所画的不是5000张嫦娥的图像,而是以嫦娥1号为主题的图片。D错,应该是“神舟5号”。
6.A.猜测词义题。嫦娥偷吃的是长生不老药。
7.C.推理判断题。万户并没有去月球,而是死了,他具有的是为科学探索献身的精神和勇气,故此人们把他
称为人类的第一位宇航员。
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