the new york times

1.

NewYorkCity,mostpopulouscityandamajorportoftheUnitedStates,insoutheasternNew

YorkState,ontheHudsonandEastriversandNewYorkBay(anarmoftheAtlanticOcean).One

oftheworld'sleadingcommercial,financial,andculturalcenters,NewYorkCityissubdivided

iendingorder

ofarea,theboroughsareQueens(QueensCounty),Brooklyn(KingsCounty),StatenIsland

(RichmondCounty),theBronx(BronxCounty),andManhattan(NewYorkCounty).Almostallof

theBronxissituatedonthemainland,buttheotherboroughsaresituatedon,orcompri,islands:

BrooklynandQueensarelocatedonthewesternendofLongIsland,StatenIslandencompass

theislandofStatenIsland,andManhattanisprimarilymadeupofManhattanIsland.(Manhattan

alsoincludesasmallexclaveintheBronxmainland.)Thecity'sboroughsincludeveralsmall

islands,ofwhichonlyRooveltIsland,intheEastRiver,land,inthe

Bronx,,NewYorkCitycomprissome50islands.

Economy

NewYorkisafinancial,commercial,manufacturing,nalfocusofroad,

rail,water,andairtransportation,italsocontainstheheadquartersofmanymajorcorporations.

ThefinancialdistrictofLowerManhattan,whichiscenteredonWallandBroadstreets,includes

theNewYorkStockExchange(1817)andaUnitedStatesFederalRervebankaswellasother

prominentbanking,brokerage,mesticandinternationaltradeis

conductedinNewYorkCity'soffices,includingthointhetwintowersofLowerManhattan's

WorldTradeCenter,oneoftheworld'aleandretailtradeareimportant

toNewYork'yisparticularlynotedforitsmanyretailoutlets,includinglarge

ndMadisonavenues,inManhattan,areespecially

ufacturingcenter,NewYorkisanationalleaderinsuch

ctorsastheproductionofclothing(notablyintheGarmentDistrictofMidtownManhattanon

theWestSide),printedmaterials,rincipalproductsincludewood,

paper,andmetalgoods;machinery;chemicals;nufacturingconcernshave

leftNewYorksincethe1960s,

specializedrviceactivities,however,ajorcenteroftheworld

financialindustry,andboththeadvertisingandthecommunicationsindustrieshavemajor

dingnationaltelevisionandradionetworkshaveheadquarters

inthecity,YorkTimesis

consideredoneoftheworld'mandconventionsarealsoimportant,

andnumeroushotelsandconventionfacilitiesarelocatedinManhattan.

FifthAvenueisastreetinManhattan,nsatWashington

Square,extendsuptowninastraightline,andendsatHarlemriver,whichcutsacross138thStreet.

estheEmpireState

Building,theNewYorkPublicLibrary,venuerunsthroughthe

congestedHarlem.

PointsofInterest

NewYorkCity,andparticularlyManhattan,boastsmanydistinguishedarchitecturalsites.

Skyscrapersdominatetheskyline;theFlatironBuilding,completedin1902,wasoneofthefirstin

includetheChryslerBuilding(1930),theWoolworthBuilding(1915),theEmpire

StateBuilding(1931),thegroupofbuildingsthatconstituteRockefellerCenter(begun1931),and

theWorldTradeCenter(1977),whichranksamongtheworld'tructures

includeGracieMansion(late18thcentury),nowthemayor'sresidence,andCityHall(1802-1811).

Amongthecity'k'sCathedral(1879),theCathedral

ChurchofSaintJohntheDivine(begun1892),TempleEmanu-El,lomew'sChurch

(1835),andTrinityChurch(1846).OtherplacesofinterestincludetheStatueofLiberty(1886)on

LibertyIsland;EllisIsland,from1892to1954thepointofentryofimmigrantstotheUnited

States;GrandCentralTerminal(1913);andtheUnitedNationscomplexalongtheEastRiverin

sionalbaballteamsplayatYankeeStadiumintheBronx(NewYork

Yankees),andSheaStadiuminQueens(NewYorkMets).Othermajorsportsfacilitiesinthecity

includeMadisonSquareGardeninManhattan,homeoftheNewYorkKnickerbockers(Knicks)

YorkIslandersicehockeyteam

playsinNassauVeteransMemorialColiuminnearbyUniondale.

EducationalandCulturalInstitutions

ThemanyfineinstitutionsofhighereducationthroughoutthefiveboroughsincludeColumbia

University(1754),BarnardCollege,NewYorkUniversity,PrattInstitute(1887),CooperUnion

fortheAdvancementofScienceandArt,CityUniversityofNewYork,FordhamUniversity,Saint

John'sUniversity,RockefellerUniversity,UnionTheologicalSeminary,andtheManhattanSchool

ofMusic(1917).AstheundisputedculturalcenteroftheUnitedStates,NewYorkCityisrichin

muums,artgalleries,heleadingartmuumsarethe

vastMetropolitanMuumofArt(1880);theCloisters(1938;areproductionofamonastery

incorporatingmedievalarchitecturalelements,includingfourFrenchcloistersandaSpanish

chapel);theMuumofModernArt(1929);theFrickCollection(1935);theSolomonR.

GuggenheimMuum(1959),designedbyFrankLloydWright(SoHobranch,1992);andthe

WhitneyMuumofAmericanArt(1966)ofwhichareinManhattanandtheBrooklynMuum

inProspectPark,uumsincludetheAmericanMuumofNaturalHistory

(1869)withtheadjacentHaydenPlanetarium(1935);theMuumoftheCityofNewYork;the

InternationalCenterofPhotography;theCooper­HewittMuum(1897);theJewishMuum;El

MuodelBarrio,devotedtothecultureofPuertoRicoandLatinAmerica;theStudioMuumin

Harlem,exhibitingworksbyblackartists;theNationalMuumoftheAmericanIndian(1922;

reorganized1993astheGeorgeGustavHeyeCenteroftheSmithsonian'sNationalMuumofthe

AmericanIndian);andtheAmericanCraftsMuum梐llinManhattan梐ndtheBrooklyn

Children'y'smajorlibrariesincludetheNewYorkPublicLibrary,

withsome10millionvolumes,thelibraryofColumbiaUniversity,andthePierpontMorgan

Library,omburgCenterforRearchinBlack

Culture,abranchoftheNewYorkPublicLibrary,houstheworld'slargestcollectionof

outhofCentralParkin

MidtownManhattanliesTimesSquare,thehubofthecity'ethan30

esouthwesterncorner

ofCentralParkisLincolnCenterforthePerformingArts,alargeclusterofbuildingsthatincludes

theMetropolitanOperaHou;AveryFisherHall,homeofthePhilharmonic­SymphonySociety

ofNewYork,commonlyknownastheNewYorkPhilharmonic;theNewYorkStateTheater,

wheretheNewYorkCityBalletandNewYorkCityOperaperform;andtheJuilliardSchool.