2018高考答案试卷答案

2018年高考英语真题及答案

2

绝密★启用前

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

英语

（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写

在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答

题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦

干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答

案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，

你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中

所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对

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话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一

小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.

答案是C。

llJamesdotomorrow?

alk.

report.

nwesayaboutthewoman?

''scurious.

'shelpful.

esthetraifleave?

6:8:30.

10:30.

sthewonarsRwr?m

.

theprobablerelationshipbetweenthe

4

speakers?

randstudent.

andpatient.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个

小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小

题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

esthewomanregret?

upherrearch.

ngoutofcollege.

nyhermajor.

thewomaninterestedinstudyingnow?

ion.

try.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

5

theman?

uide.

river.

themandoingforthewoman?

gforsomelocalfoods.

gheraroundtheaside.

nginformationaboutahotel.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

oestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

arestaurant.

llthespeakersdotomorowevening?

friend

trahours.

licegoingtocall?

ine.

6

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

sthewomanmeettheman?

atanapartment.

versomefurniture.

amealtogether.

esthewomanlikeaboutthecarpet?

ign.C.

Itsquality.

esthemansayaboutthekitchen?

''snewlypainted.

'sadequatelyequipped.

llthewomanprobablydonext?

thherfriend.

yment.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

hespeakerprobablytalkingto?

porters.

7

estudents.

dthespeakertakeEngishlclass?wwn

helefthishometown.

ecametoAmerica.

was15yearsold.

sthespeakerfeelabouthisteacher?

''ssympathetic.

'sgrateful.

esthespeakermainlytalkabout?

cationshapedhislife.

languageskillsimproved.

anagedhisbusinesswell.

第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个

选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

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Washington,eTours

CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.

DurationTour

Thissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoea

world-famouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersof

Washington,idewillprovideahistory

lessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswhere

eyourspotbeforeavailability—

thecherryblossoms—disappear!

WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour

Duration:3hours(4miles)

Joinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemost

popularmonumentsinWashington,ethe

monumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyour

guidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.

Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottled

water.

CapitalCityBikeTourInWashington,D.C.

Duration:3hours

9

MorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfect

ersandlocalslookingto

experienceWashington,lthywaywith

dgeableguideswillentertain

youwiththemost,interestingstoriesaboutPresidents,

Congress,memorials,tablebikesand

asmoothtourroute(路线）makecyclingbetweenthesites

WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour

Duration:3hours(7miles)

Joinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningof

explorationintheheartofWashington,

clotothemonumentsandmemorialsasyourbikethe

nt

stopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffers

cludesbike,helmet,and

ersareequippedwithreflective

vestsandsafetylights.

ourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?

BlossomlikeTourinWashington,D.C.

10

gtoncapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.

lCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.

gtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.

llyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?

nationalpark.

interestingstories.

fthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnight

provide?

s.

lights

B

GoodMorningBritain’sSusannaReidisudto

grillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheis

cookingupastorminherlatestrole—showing

familieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealson

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atightbudget.

InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferent

homeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbutt

offerstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,while

preparingrecipesforunder£

GoodMorningBritainprentersaysshe’sbeenableto

putalotofwhatshe’sleantintopracticeinherown

home,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,and

Jack,11.

"WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmy

phonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,"she

explains."Ipay£5foraportion(一份),butMattmakes

themfor26paportion,becautheyareflour,water,

odycanbuytakeawayfood,but

sometimeswe’renotawarehowcheaplywecanmake

thisfoodourlves."

Theeight-partries(系列节自),SaveMoney:Good

Food,followsinthefootstepsofITV’sSaveMoney:Good

Health,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvalue

fromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.

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Withfoodourbiggestweeklyhouholdexpen,

SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamily

ght’sEasterspecialtheycometothe

aidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationona

mtransformsthefamily’slongweekend

ofcelebrationwithlesxpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.

weknowaboutSusannaReid?

oymbarrassingherguests.B.

Shehasstartedanewprogramme.

likesworkingearlyinthemorning.

hadalightbudgetforherfamily.

sMattTebbutthelpSusanna?

cookingmaterialsforher.B.

Hepreparesfoodforherkids.

stsherincookingmatters.D.

Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.

estheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?

izethepreviousparagraphs.B.

Providesomeadviceforthereaders.

13

ebackgroundinformation.D.

Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.

nbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

gFitbyEatingSmartB.

BalancingOurDailyDiet

yourlfaPerfectChefD.

CookingWellforLess

C

Languageshavebeencomingandgoingfor

thousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeen

etheworld

wasstillpopulatedbyhunter-gatherers,small,tightly

knit(联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsof

nguageexperts

believethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjust

fivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000

languagesbetweenthem.

Soonafterwards,manyofthopeoplestarted

ttlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoo

nt

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centres,trade,elopmentofthe

nation-stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsory

allyglbalisationandbetter

communicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecaud

manyLanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguages

suchasEnglish．SpanishandChineareincreasingly

takingover.

Atprent,theworldhasabout6800languages.

Thedistributionofthelanguagesishugelyuneven.

Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfew

zoneshavelots,

hasonlyaround200Languages:theAmericasabout

1,2400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps

3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsfor

iannumber(中位数)ofspeakers

isamere6.000,whichmeansthathalftheworlds

Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof,6,800

languagesareclotoextinction(消亡),withonlyafew

,atrandom,Busuuin

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Cameroon(eightremainingspeakers),Chiapanecoin

Mexico(150).LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoor

three)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,witha

question-mark):noneoftheemstohavemuch

chanceofsurvival.

nweinferaboutlanguagesinhuntergatherer

times?

relargein

number.

recloly

connected

fthefollowingbestexplains"dominant"

underlinedinparagraph2？

ed.

.

ylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000

peopleatprent?

3400

1-200

16

theminideaofthetext?

guageswillbecreated.

BPeopleslifestylesarereflectedinlanguages

evelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages

phydetermineslanguageevolution.

D

Wemaythinkwe'reaculturethatgetsridofour

worntechnologyatthefirstsightofsomethingshinyand

new,butanewstudyshowsthatwekeepusingourold

devices(装置)’sbad

newsfortheenvironment—andourwallets—asthe

outdateddevicesconsumemuchmoreenergythanthe

neweronesthatdothesamethings.

Tofigureouthowmuchpowerthedevicesare

using,CallieBabbittandhercolleaguesattheRochester

InstituteofTechnologyinNewYorktrackedthe

environmentalcostsforeachproductthroughoutitslife

—fromwhenitsmineralsareminedtowhenwestop

thodprovidedareadoutfor

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howhomeenergyuhavolvedsincetheearly1990s.

Devicesweregroupedbygeneration—Desktop

computers,basicmobilephones,andbox-tTVs

lcamerasarrivedonthescenein

3players,smartphones,andLCDTVs

enteredhomesin2002,beforetabletsande-readers

showedupin2007.

Asweaccumulatedmoredevices,however,we

didn'tthrowoutouroldones."Theliving-room

televisionisreplacedandgetsplantedinthekids'room,

andsuddenlyoneday,youhaveaTVineveryroomof

thehou,"ragenumberof

electronicdevicesrofromfourperhouholdin1992

'renotjustkeepingtheolddevices—

ingtotheanalysisof

Babbitt'steam,olddesktopmonitorsandboxTVswith

cathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergy

consumptionandcontributiontogreenhougas

emissions（排放）morethandoublingduringthe1992to

2007window.

Sowhat'sthesolution（解决方案）?Theteam'sdata

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onlywentupto2007,buttherearchersalsoexplored

whatwouldhappenifconsumersreplacedoldproducts

withnewelectronicsthatrvemorethanonefunction,

suchasatabletforwordprocessingandTVviewing.

Theyfoundthatmoreon-demandentertainmentviewing

ontabletsinsteadofTVsanddesktopcomputerscould

cutenergyconsumptionby44%.

estheauthorthinkofnewdevices?

arenobetterthantheold.

gooutofstylequickly.

Babbitt'steamconducttherearch?

cethecostofminerals.

thelifecycleofaproduct.

teconsumersonnewtechnology.

outelectricityconsumptionofthedevices.

fthefollowingustheleastenergy?

19

let.

ktop

computer.

esthetextsuggestpeopledoaboutold

electronicdevices?

em

apart.

e

them.

第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处

的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Colorisfundamentalinhomedesign——something

you’ofhowto

managecolorinyourspacesisoneofthefirststepsto

creatingroomsyou’antaroom

that’sfulloflife?Professional?Orareyoujustlooking

foraplacetorelaxafteralongday?36,coloris

20

thekeytomakingaroomfeelthewayyouwantittofeel.

Overtheyears,therehavebeenanumberof

differenttechniquestohelpdesignersapproachthis

importantpoint.37,theycangetalittle

dnewsisthatthere’rereallyonlythree

kindsofdecisionsyouneedtomakeaboutcolorinyour

home:thesmallones,themediumones,andthelarge

ones.

’rethelittlespotsofcolorlikethrow

pillows,mirrorsandbasketsthatmostofusutoadd

ringthanpainting

yourwallsandlesxpensivethanbuyingacolorful

sofa,smallcolorchoicesbringwiththemthesignificant

benefitofbeingeasilychangeable.

Mediumcolorchoicesaregenerallyfurniture

piecessuchassofas,dinnertablesorbookshelves

quireabiggercommitmentthansmaller

ones,andtheyhaveamorepowerfuleffectonthe

feelingofaspace.

Thelargecolordecisionsinyourroomsconcern

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thewalls,ceilings,ryou’relooking

atwallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelative

expenputintoitaresignificant.40.

llofthemareuful

eryou’relookingfor

’reexperimentingwithacolor

olorchoicesaretheoneswe’remost

familiarwith

’snotreallyagoodideatoutoomanysmall

colorpieces

ystobesure,becauyouwanttogetit

rightthefirsttime

hoicesinthisrangeareastepupfromthe

smallonesintwomajorways

第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30

分学@科网)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D

四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

22

Duringmycondyearatthecitycollege，Iwastold

thattheeducationdepartmentwasofferinga

"free"cour,calledThinkingChess,forthreecredits.I

41theideaoftakingtheclassbecau，afterall,who

doesn'twantto42afewdollars?Morethanthat,I'd

,evenifIweren’t43

enoughaboutfreecredits,newsaboutour44was

ninternational

grandmaster,which45Iwouldbelearningfromone

ofthegame'hardlywaitto47him.

MauriceAshleywaskindandsmart,aformer

graduatereturningtoteach,andthis48wasnogame

forhim:ntroduction,hemade

r

to50theclass,amongothercriteria,wehadtowrite

apaperonhowweplanto51whatwewouldlearnin

classtoourfutureprofessionsand,52,toourlives.I

managedtogetanAinthat53andlearnedlife

lessonsthathavervedmewellbeyondthe54.

TenyearsaftermychessclasswithAshley,I'mstill

puttingtouwhathe55me:“Theabsolutemost

23

important56thatyoulearnwhenyouplaychessis

ysinglemoveyou

haveto58asituation,processwhatyour

opponent(对手）isdoingand59thebestmovefrom

amongallyouroptions.”Thewordsstillringtrue

todayinmy60asajournalist.

ut

down

ok

ctor

.

meant

.

rarest

nge

24

.

job

.

obrve

.

compare

ly

ly

D.

experiment

ment

ion

onedD.

promid

sionsD.

comments

dD.

control

25

te

nD.

behavior

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号

内单词的正确形式。

Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,

runnerslivethreeyears61(long)thannon-runners.

Youdon'thavetorunfastorforlong62(e)the

drink,smoke,beoverweightandstill

reduceyourriskof63(die)

runningregatesalstlycann'tmakeyouliveforever,the

reviewsaysit64(be)moreeffectiveatlengthening

life65walking,he

authorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin

201466showedamerefiveto10minutesAdayof

runningreducedtheriskofheartdiaandearly

deathsfromall67(cau).

26

otherwi…it'dknee

pain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisto68

(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉),avoidhillsandgetgood

gischeap,easyandit'salways

69(energy).Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonly

halfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,so

perhapsweshouldallgive70atry.

第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)

第一节短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10

分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请

你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，

每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、

删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面

写出该加的次。

删除：把多余的用斜线（）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修

改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

27

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第l1处起）不

计分。

Duringmylastwinterholiday,Iwenttocountryside

change

sttimeIwentthere,theywerelivingina

smallhouwithdogs,ducks,

winterwhenIwenthereagain,theyhadabigparate

soIwenthere

again,theyhadabigparntehoutoraidozensof

sohadasmallpond,whichtheyraid

dpasaidlastsummertheyearnedquitea

appilythattheirlifehad

ndofourtrip,ItoldmyfatherthatI

plannedtoreturnforeverytwoyears,butheagreed.

第二节书面表达(满分25分)

假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry将去中国朋

友家做客，发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你回复邮件。

内容包括：

1.到达时间；

2.合适的礼物；

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29

绝密★启用前

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

英语

1-5BCCBA6-10BABCC11-15ABAAC

16-20BCBCA

21-25ADDBC26-30CDBCB31-35CADBA

36-40BADGF

41-45BCADD46-50CBDCB51-55CACBA

56-60DBADA

30

ing

Duringmylastwinterholiday,Iwentto

the

countrysidewithmyfathertovisitmygrandparents.I

find

found

sttimeIwentthere,they

werelivinginasmallhouwithdogs,ducks,andanother

other

nterwhenIwenthere

there

again,theyhada

bigparatehoutoraidozensofchicken

chickens

.Theyalso

hadasmallpondwhich

inwhere



或dpa

saidlastsummertheyearnedquitealotbyll

lling

thefish.

Ifelthappily

happy

ndofour

trip,ItoldmyfatherthatIplannedtoreturnforevery

twoyears,but

and

heagreed.

书面表达（略）

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