2014职称英语理工b

职称英语考试理工B真题包括

1/14

2016年职称英语理工B真题

第一部分：词汇选项（第1~15题，每题1分，共15分）

下边每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确立1个意义最为靠近的选项。

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orriedaboutthis(fluid)situationfullwithuncertainty.

职称英语考试理工B真题包括

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babyD.

teenager

stalareahasvery(mild)winter,butthecentralplainsremainextremelycold.

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dry

biamayhaveitsrootsinachildhood(trauma).

lhaveto(sprint)ifyouwanttocatchthetrain.

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sadangerousman,andcanbevery(brutal).

ss

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第二部分：阅读判断（第16~22题，每题1分，共7分）

下边的短文列出了7个句子，请依据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断；假如该句供给的是正确信息，

请选择A；假如该句供给的是错误信息，请选择B；假如该句的信息文中没有说起，请选择C。

TheTheoryofEverything

IfStephenHawkinglivesuntiltheyear2017,hewillhavelivedmorethan50yearslongerthanNs

wasacollegestudent,

diacausagradualdisintegration(分解)ofthenervecellsinthebraincellsthatregulatevoluntary

lmostalwaysoccurswithintwoorthreeyears.

ot

thismanisProfessorofMathematicsatCambridgeUniversity,

apositionheldbythefamousscientistIsaacNewtonin1669.

HawkingIsoftendescribedasthegreatestscientistsinceAlbertEinstein,buttotheworldoutside

k,A

BriefHistoryofTime,hassoldovereightmillioncopies.

Hesaysthatsincehedoesnothavetothinkabouthisbodyordoanyofthethingsothermenhave

toworryabout,suchaswashingthecarorworkingintheyard,hecandedicateallofhistimeto

tshimintheperfectpositiontofindtheanswertothequestionthathehasdedicated

stionis:Isthereacompletetheoryoftheuniverandeverythinginit?

Despitehistremendousphysicaldisabilities,hehasalreadymadesomeveryimportant

discoveriesabouttheoriginoftheuniver,howtheuniverholdstogether,andhowitwillprobably

lsobeenabletoexplainthecretsof“”heislookingforat

ksthat

someonewillhavefoundtheanswerwithinthenext20years.

IfStephenHawkingitabletofindhisTheoryofEverything,hewillhavegiventheworldthe

opportunitytounderstandthingsthatwillchangethewholenatureofscienceandprobablyalsothe

waywelive.

nHawkingwillbe50yearsoldby2017.

tioned

nHawkingsuffersfromararebraindia.

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职称英语考试理工B真题包括

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tioned

nHawkingisProfessorofMathematicsatCambridgeUniversity.

tioned

HistoryofTimeisverydifficultforstudentstounderstand.

tioned

nHawkinghasmuchtimetothinkbecauhedoesn'thavetowork.

tioned

nHawkinghasspentaroundtenyearxplainingthecretsof

tioned

oryofEverythingIsabouttherulesthateverythingintheuniverfollows.

tioned

—

⋯⋯⋯.

第三部分：概略粗心与达成句子

（第23~30，每1分，共8

分）

下边的短文后有2任：（1）第23~26要求从所的6个中第2~5段每段1个

最正确；（2）第27~30要求从所的6

个中每个句子确立

1个最正确。

Geothermal

（地）Energy

1Sinceheatnaturallymovesfromhotterregionstocoolerones,theheatfromtheearth'scenter

way,emperature

ishighenough,someofthisrockmeltsandformsmagma(岩).Themagmaascendsinitsturn

towardstheearth'nremainswellbelowtheearth'ssurface,creatingvastareasofhotrock.

Insuchregions,therearedeepcracks,theheated

rainwatertravelsbackuptotheearth'r,

ifthisascendinghotwaterreachesalayerofimpermeable（不行浸透的）rock,itremainstrapped,

hermalrervoirsarecloenoughtothesurface,theycanbe

erandsteamshootupthewellsnaturally,andcanbeudto

produceelectricityingeothermalpowerplants.

2Afewgeothermalpowerplantsdependondry-stemrervoirswhichproducesteambutlittleor

4

职称英语考试理工B真题包括

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ecas,thesteamispipedupdirectlytoprovidethepowertospinaturbinegenerator.

Thefirstgeothermalpowerplant,constructedatLardarelloinItaly,wasofthistype,andisstill

producingelectricitytoday.

3Mostcurrentlyoperatinggeothermalpowerplantsareeither"flash"steamplantsorbinary（双

重的）lantsproducemainlyhotwaterrangingintemperaturefrom300to700°°Fahrenheit.

Thiswaterispasdthroughoneortwoparatorswherereleadfromthepressureofthe

undergroundrervoir,it"flashes"orboilsintosteamAgain,theforceofthissteamprovidesthe

thermalwaterandsteamarethenreinjected

directlybllythey

willbereheatedandcanthenbeudagain.

4Arervoirwithtemperaturesbelow300Fahrenheit°isnothotenoughtoflashsteambutitcan

intheflashsteamplant,thegeothermalwaterisrecycledbackintotherervoir.

aph1_____

amplants

C____

aph2____

plants

A_____

aph3____

ofgeothermalenergy

E_____

aph4____

tionofelectricity

B_____

teamplants

ablewaterandsteam

ermalrervoirisformedwhenhotwateristrappedunder__B____.

-steamrervoirproducessteamwith___D___.

lantsproducehotwaterthrough___C__.

aryplant,theheatofthegeothermalwatercanbeconvertedinto__A____.

Atheenergytoturnaturbine

eablerock

woparators

eoperator

ornowater

ings

第四部分：阅读理解（第30~45题，每题3分，共45分）

下边有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请依据短文内容，为每题确立1个最正确选项。

第一篇：

CanYouHearThis?

Whensomethingcreatesasoundwaveinaroomoranauditorium(礼堂)，listenershearthesound

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职称英语考试理工B真题包括

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sohearthereflectionsasthesoundbouncesoffthewalls,floor,

recalledthereflectedwaveorreverberant(反射的)sound,whichcanbeheardeven

afterthesoundisnolongercomingfromthesource.

Thereverberationtimeofanauditoriumisdeterminedbythevolumeorinteriorsizeofthe

sodeterminedbyhowwellorhowpoorlythewalls,ceiling,floor,andcontentsofthe

room(includingthepeople)l-sound

performanceofmusicsuchasWagneroperasorMahlersymphoniesshouldhavealong

ht,rapidmusicalpassagesofBachorMozartneedareverberationtime

somewherebetween.

,curved(曲折的)reflecting

el(平行的)wallsreflectsoundbackandforth,creatinga

rapid,repetitivepulsing(有节奏的跳动)illars(柱)andcornerscancauacousticshadowsas

theproblemscanbesolvedbyusingabsorbers

mple,hanginglarge

reflectors,calledclouds,overtheperformerswillallowsomesoundfrequenciestoreflectandothers

topassyoachieveapleasingmixtureofsound.

ssageismainlyabout________.

avesandtheiracousticeffect.B.

thetypesofmusicorchestrasplay

fanauditorium

ignofanauditorium

operasandMahlersymphoniessoundfullerinanauditoriumwith________.

reverberationtime

everberationtime

rmediatereverberationtime

rberationtime

ssagesuggeststhatagoodauditoriumshould________.

eapleasingmixtureofsound

ofallreflections

eabsorbers.

oothsurfaces

illarsandcornersmay________.

undrichandfull

sforsoundproblemsC.

besourcesofsoundproblemsD.

functionaswellasclouds

d“acousticin”thelastparagraphhassomethingtodowith________.

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职称英语考试理工B真题包括

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mance

第二篇：

SportsStarYaoMing

IfYaoMingisnotthebiggestsportsstarintheworld,2.26m,he

isthetallestplayerintheNationalBasketballAssociation(NBA)andholdstherecordasthemost

toweringOlympianevertocompeteintheGames.

Butwhatreallystandsoutaboutthegiantcenterishiscelebrity(名气).Few,ifany,Chineathletes

acrosstheglobearefascinatedwithYao,not

onlyforhisbasketballprowess(优秀的才能)alsoforbeingasymbolofinternationalcommerce.

WhenYaojoinedtheHoustonRocketsastheNo.1pickinthe2002NBAdraft(选抜)，hewasthe

etsonthecourtareclearenough—noNBA

playerofhissizehaverpossdhismobility,soheisahandful(难应付的人)foropponentson

tmakesYaoinvaluabletotheRocketsorganizationishisroleas

aglobalcitizenandasabridgetomillionsofpotentialbasketballfansinChina.

WhenitwasannouncedinFebruarythatYaowouldmisstherestoftheNBAasonandpossibly

theOlympicswithastressfracture(骨折)inhisleftfoot,acollectiveshudder(震动)

considerabledebateanddiscussion,Yaooptedtogethisfootsurgicallytreatedinanoperation

thatplacedveraltinyscrewsacrossthebone,

surgerywasasuccess,andthoughtheestimatedfour-monthrecoveryperiodwillleavehimlittletimeto

preparewithTeamChina,YaohasvowedtobereadyfortheBeijingOlympics.

Yaowrappedupa10-daytriptoChina,whereheunderwentariesoftraditionalChine

medicine(TCM)treatments,hopingtoacceleratehisrecoveryprocessWesternexpertsare

generallyskepticalofTCM'sbenefitsalthoughnewrearchfromtheUniversityofRochester

suggeststhatacertaincompoundderivedfromshellfishmayindeedstimulatebonerepair.

"ThereisnoreasontodismissTCM,"YaotoldapressconferenceinBeijing."It'sbeenudinour

'tthinkthatit'sshortonscience."

d"towering"inParagraph1means________.

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ntsfinditverydifficulttocontrolYaoMingbecauofhis________.

ty

t

e

ity

ghadtoundergoariesofTCMtreatmentsbecau________.

htfoothadbeenhurting.

edtomakeamorerapidrecovery.C.

couldn'taffordallthemedicalexpens.

tatementaboutYaoMingisNOTtrue?

edtheAthensOlympics.

NBAplayer.

turedhisleftfoot.

internationalfigure.

ral,theWesternexperts'attitudetowardsTCMis________.

erent

ve

ve

ul

第三篇：

SmartWindow

Windowsnotonlyletlightintocutdownanelectricityuforlighting，butthelightcomingthrough

r，windowsarenotsomethingpeopletypicallyassociatewith

chersarenowworkingonnewtechnologiesthatenablea

windowtoquicklychangefromcleartodarkandanywhereinbetweenwithaflipofaswitch.

“Ittookusalongtimetofigureoutwhatawindowreallyis,”’rsaprofesso

ofsolid-statephysicsatUppsalaUniversityinSweden.“It’eto

havevisualcontactwiththesurroundingworldtofeelwell.”So,windowsandnaturallightareimportant

forimprovingthewaypeoplefeelwhenthey’restuckindoors.

Yet，windowsar

thewinter，’shotand，hissunlightcarrieslots

ing

blastsofcoldair，whichcanfeelsorefreshing(令人清爽的)，actuallysuckupenormousamountsof

electricityinbuildingsaroundtheworld.

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职称英语考试理工B真题包括

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eyears，scientists

havecomeupwithavarietyofstrategiesforcoating，glazing(用玻璃覆盖)，andlayeringwindowsto

echromogenic(发色的)

technologieswhichinvolvechangesofcolor.

Electrochromic(电致色的)mple，asheetofglass

coatedwiththinlayersofchemicalcompoundsuchastungstenoxide(氧化钨)worksabitlikeabattery.

Tungstenoxideisclearwhenanelectricchargeisappliedanddarkwhenthechargeisremoved，that

is，whentheamountofvoltage(电压)isdecread，thewindowdarkensuntilit’scompletelydarkafter

yingavoltagedetermineswhetherthewindowlooksclearordark.

Oneimportantfeaturethatmakesasmartwindowsosmartisthatithasasortof“memory.”All

，itstaysthatway.

Transitionstakeanywherefrom10condstoafewminutes，

developmentofsmartwindowscouldmeanthatmassiveairconditioningsystemsmaynolonger

need.“Inthefuture,”Granqvistsays,“ourbuildingsmaylookdifferent.”

fthefollowingofvaluesofwindowsisNOTmentioned?

tlightintobrightenthehou.

tlightintoheatthehou.

tushavevisualcontactwiththesurroundingworld.

tusthinkabouttheoutsideworld.

ression“whenitcomestoin”Paragraph3isudto________.

thearrivalofaguest

tetherecoveryofconsciousness

runderstandingofsomething

uceanewaspectofatopic

ingtoParagraph4,smartwindowsarethewindowsthat________.

ted

zed

verallayers

ngecolor

aragraphgivesanaccountofthewayelectrochromicwindowschanging?

aphs5

aph3.

aph4.

aphs6.

windowissmartmainlybecau________.

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职称英语考试理工B真题包括

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hangeitssize

hangeitsstructure

hangethevoltageofelectricity

sortofmemory

第五部分：补全短文（第46~50题，每题2分，共10分）

下边的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，此中5个取自短文，请依据短文内容将其分别放回原

有地点，以恢复文章原貌。

WhatIsaDream?

Forcenturies,

psycho,however,think

,manyexpertsbelievethatdreamscantellus

aboutaperson’smindandemotions.

Beforemodemtimes,manypeoplethoughtthatdreamscontainedmessagesfromGod.

____E____(46)

TheAustrianpsychologist,SigmundFreud,wasprobablythefirstpersontostudydreams

amousbook,TheinterpretationofDreams(1900),Freudwrotethatdreamsarean

expressionsofaperson’evedthatdreamsallowpeopletoexpressthefeelings,

thoughts,andfearsthattheyareafraidtoexpressinreallife.

TheSwisspsychiatristCarlJungwasonceastudentofFreud'',however,hada

lievedthatthepurpoofadreamwastocommunicatea

messagetothedreamer.____F____(47)Forexample,peoplewhodreamaboutfallingmaylearnthat

therhand,peoplewhodreamaboutbeing

heroesmaylearnthattheythinktoolittleofthemlves.

mple,

psychologistWilliamDomhofffromtheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaCruz,believesthatdreamsare

tightlylinkedtoaperson’sdailylife,thoughts,andbehavior.C___(48)

earch

ingtoDomhoff,dreamingisamental

skillthatneedstimetodevelop.

diesshowthatthedreamsof

menandwomenaredifferent.____A____(49)Thisisnottrueofwomen’ffoundthis

genderdifferenceinthedreamsofpeoplefrom11culturesaroundtheworld,includingboth

modemandtraditionalones.

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职称英语考试理工B真题包括

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Candreamshelpusunderstandourlves?Psychologistscontinuetotrytoanswerthis

questionindifferentways.____D____(50)Thedreammayhavemeaning,butitdoesnotmeanthat

’simportanttorememberthattheworldofdreamsisnot

therealworld.

mple,thepeopleinmen’sdreamsareoftenothermen,andthedreamsofteninvolvefighting.

womendreamaboutdifferentthings.

nal,forexample,mightdreamaboutcrime.

r,onethingtheyagreeonthis:Ifyoudreamthatsomethingterribleisgoingtooccur,

youshouldn’tpanic.

nlyinthetwentiethcenturythatpeoplestartedtostudydreamsinascientificway.

ghtpeoplecouldlearnmoreaboutthemlvesbythinkingabouttheirdreams.

第六部分：完形填空（第51~65题，每题1分，共15分）

下边的短文有15处空白，请依据短文内容为每处空白确立1个最正确选项。

WarmerClimateWillBakeTropicalBugs

Globalwarmingcouldcooktropicalincts,withunpredictableknock-oneffects,sayrearchers

whowarnthatrisingtemperaturesalso________(51)tropicalfrogs,lizards(蜥蜴).

Temperaturesare________(52)toincreamuchfasterintemperateandpolarregionsthanin

-onehadlookedathowwarmingwouldaffectinctsandothercold-

bloodedanimals________(53)hadevolvedintropicalregionswithlittletemperaturevariation.

CurtisDeutschattheUniversityofCaliforniaatLosAngelesandcolleaguesanalyd

data________(54)inctsurvivalandreproductionfor38speciesindifferentecosystems,andthen

estimatedhowthevalueswould________(55)withpredictionsofclimatechangeforthe21st

century.

Theteamfoundthatthereproductive________(56)oftropicalinctstendstopeakverycloto

thetemperatureswheretheynormallylive,but________(57)

meansthatcrankinguptheheatonlyasmallamountcanexertaheavytoll,leavinginctsunable

toreproduce________(58)enoughtokeepuptheirnumbers.

Temperaturetolerance

Temperateinctsreproducewelloverabroaderrange,anddonotliveas________(59)totheir

thermallimit,sotheycanreproducesuccessfullywhentheirclimatewarmsmorethaninthetropics.

“Tropicalinctsdoverywellinanarrowbandoftemperatures,butmovethemabove

that________(60)andtheydie,ays”steammemberJoshTewksburyoftheUniversityofWashingtonin

Seattle.

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职称英语考试理工B真题包括

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Theheartofthe________(61)ate-zoneinctshaveevolvedto

survivethemuchbroadertemperatureswingsofasonalclimates,thanhavetheirtropicalrelatives.

The________(62)appearsworforanimalsthatliveinhotstableclimateofthelowerlevelsof

sinclearareascanfindshadetocooldown,buttholivingintheforestare

alreadyinthe________(63),andthere’snotmuchtheycandotogetcooler,Deutschsays.

Toofewtropicalinctshavebeenstudiedsofarto________(64)ifanyparticulargroupwillbe

particularlyhard-hit,splayimportant________(65)inforestecology,including

pollination,andeatingdetritustorecyclecarbon.

Theteamarenowstartingtoevaluatehowtemperatureaffectcologicalinteractionsof

inctswithotherspecies,includingcropssuchasAfricancorn.

Journalreference:ProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences(DOI:

10.1073/pnas.)

ClimateChange–Wanttoknowmoreaboutglobalwarming:thescience,impactsandpolitical

debate?Visitourcontinuallyupdatedspecialreport.

Endangeredspecies–Learnmoreabouttheconrvationbattleinourcomprehensivespecial

report.

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职称英语考试理工B真题包括

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